1 on-line resource materials for policy making ex-ante carbon-balance tool food and agriculture...

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On-line resource materials for policy making Ex-Ante Carbon-balance Tool

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAO

Learning how using EX-ACT – Module 9/14

How to use the Grassland Module?

© FAO March 2010: All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material contained on FAO's Web site for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without the written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to: [email protected].

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This module is part of a set of power points that describes how works the EX-ACT tool.

EX-ACT (Ex-Ante Carbon-balance tool) is a tool developed by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). It is aimed at providing estimations of the mitigation impact of agriculture and forestry development projects, estimating net carbon balance from Green House Gas (GHG) emissions and carbon sequestration.

It is a land based accounting system associated with the adoption of alternative land management options (See the linked flyer of the EX-ACT tool).

The tool is developed with a modular approach, each module going to be described in such a power point.

Acknowledgement



After reading this module, you should:

understand how the grassland module of EX-ACT works;

know which data are required to run the grassland module;

be able to fill in the grassland module by yourself.

Objectives



Main view of EX-ACT

User needs to click here



Complete view of the Grassland module

Description of Grassland type, their management and areas (ha)Name of the Systems

Initial state Cstart Cend without Cend with Without WithDefault Your name Without Project With Project Fire* Interval (yr) Fire* Interval (yr) t C/ha t C/ha tC/haReserved system G1 from Deforestation NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G2 converted to A/R NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G3 From OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G4 Grassland to OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-1 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-2 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-3 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-4 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-5 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-6 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-7 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-8 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-9 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-10 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

* is fire occuring? *Soil effect limited to 20 years

Default Start Without project With Project Soil C variations (tCO2eq) Total CO2 eq from fire Total CO2eq Differencet0 End

System G1 from Deforestation 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G2 converted to A/R 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G3 From OLUC 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G4 Grassland to OLUC 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-1 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-2 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-3 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-4 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-5 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-6 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-7 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-8 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-9 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-10 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Total Syst 1-10 0 0 0

Grassland total 0 0 0

Soil Carbon Stock (after 20 yrs) Delta Soil C*

tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state

Non degradedNon degradedSelect stateSelect state

Select stateSelect stateSelect state

Select stateSelect stateSelect stateSelect state

With projectWithout projectFire used to manage

Non degradedNon degraded

Final State of the grassland


Select state


Select state

Select state



Select stateSelect state

Select state


Non degraded

Non degradedNon degradedNon degraded



Initial state Cstart Cend with Without WithDefault Your name Without Project With Project Fire* Interval (yr) Fire* Interval (yr) t C/ha t C/ha tC/ha

Reserved system G1 from Deforestation NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G2 converted to A/R NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Reserved system G3 From OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G4 Grassland to OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Grass-1 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-2 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-3 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-4 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-5 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-6 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-7 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-8 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-9 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-10 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00


Default Start Without project With Project Soil C variations (tCO2eq) Total CO2 eq from fire Total CO2eq Differencet0 End Rate End Rate Without With Without With Without With tCO2eq

System G1 from Deforestation 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G2 converted to A/R 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G3 From OLUC 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G4 Grassland to OLUC 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-1 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-2 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-3 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-4 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-5 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-6 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-7 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-8 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-9 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-10 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total Syst 1-10 0 0 0Grassland total 0 0 0










tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state








Select state


Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded












How filling it...

Simplest approach by default (Tier-1) Approach with more detailed information (Tier-2)

2 possible approaches:

1 2 3

4

1

2 3 4

5



All other information corresponds to default values…

…or intermediary calculations

How filling it...

Simplest approach by default (Tier-1) Approach with more detailed information (Tier-2)

2 possible approaches:Only few information to fill in










tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state








Select state


Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded












Explanations step by step...

1




Initial stateDefault Your name Without Project With ProjectReserved system G1 from DeforestationReserved system G2 converted to A/RReserved system G3 From OLUCReserved system G4 Grassland to OLUCGrass-1Grass-2Grass-3Grass-4Grass-5Grass-6Grass-7Grass-8Grass-9Grass-10

Select state







Select state


Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded




Initial state Cstart Cend without Cend with Without WithDefault Your name Without Project With Project Fire* Interval (yr) Fire* Interval (yr) t C/ha t C/ha tC/ha

Reserved system G1 from Deforestation NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Reserved system G2 converted to A/R NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Reserved system G3 From OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Reserved system G4 Grassland to OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00




System G1 from Deforestation 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G2 converted to A/R 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G3 From OLUC 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G4 Grassland to OLUC 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Grass-1 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-2 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-3 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-4 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-5 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-6 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-7 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-8 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-9 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-10 0 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total Syst 1-10 0 0 0



tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state

Non degraded

Non degraded





Non degraded

Non degraded


Non degraded

Non degraded

Select state

Non degraded

Non degraded

Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded

Non degraded

Non degraded

Non degraded



Initial state Cstart Cend with Without WithDefault Your name Without Project With Project Fire* Interval (yr) Fire* Interval (yr) t C/ha t C/ha tC/haReserved system G1 from Deforestation NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G2 converted to A/R NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G3 From OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G4 Grassland to OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-1 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-2 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-3 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-4 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-5 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-6 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-7 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-8 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-9 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-10 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00





Step by step... 1/5

Definition of the grassland systems

Here are the proposed description for the grasslands that come from conversion of other land uses

Here the user can give a short description of the grassland system that will be

considered

Corresponding names used in the

module




Initial stateDefault Your name Without Project With ProjectReserved system G1 from DeforestationReserved system G2 converted to A/RReserved system G3 From OLUCReserved system G4 Grassland to OLUCGrass-1Grass-2Grass-3Grass-4Grass-5Grass-6Grass-7Grass-8Grass-9Grass-10

Select state







Select state


Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded



Step by step... 1/5

Definition of the grassland systems

Here the user gives the state of the grassland system that will be considered

The initial state and the final state

User chooses between the following states :















tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state

Non degraded

Non degraded





Non degraded

Non degraded


Non degraded

Non degraded

Select state

Non degraded

Non degraded

Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded

Non degraded

Non degraded

Non degraded

















tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state








Select state


Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded













2



Fire used to manageWithout project With project

Fire* Frequency Fire FrequencyNO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5* is fire occuring?

Step by step... 2/5

Definition of managements practices

Here the user informs if the grasslands are burnt

without project and with project















tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state

Non degraded

Non degraded





Non degraded

Non degraded


Non degraded

Non degraded

Select state

Non degraded

Non degraded

Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded

Non degraded

Non degraded

Non degraded










Fire used to manageWithout project With project

Fire* Frequency Fire FrequencyNO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5NO 5 NO 5* is fire occuring?

Step by step... 2/5

Definition of managements practices

If the answer is “yes” the user has to inform the frequency of burning grassland (per year)

without project and with project















tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state

Non degraded

Non degraded





Non degraded

Non degraded


Non degraded

Non degraded

Select state

Non degraded

Non degraded

Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded

Non degraded

Non degraded

Non degraded

















tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state








Select state


Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded













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These tables report the corresponding coefficients used for GHG emissions and some calculations made by the model

Corresponding coefficients

Step by step... 3/5

Delta C* Select stateCstart Cend tCO2eq/ha/yr Non degraded 0.0t C/ha t C/ha Severely Degraded 0.00.00 0.00 0.00 Moderately Degraded 0.00.00 0.00 0.00 Improved without inputs management 0.00.00 0.00 0.00 Improved with inputs improvement 0.00.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 Default BiomassCombustion tCO2eq0.00 0.00 0.00 Aboveground % released CH4 N2O for one0.00 0.00 0.00 in t dm /ha of prefire dm kg GES / tonne dm combustion0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.77 2.3 0.21 0.0000.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 Dynamic Factors0.00 0.00 0.00 Immediate 10.00 0.00 0.00 Exponential 0.780.00 0.00 0.00 Linear 0.50.00 0.00 0.00

Carbon Stock















tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state

Non degraded

Non degraded





Non degraded

Non degraded


Non degraded

Non degraded

Select state

Non degraded

Non degraded

Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded

Non degraded

Non degraded

Non degraded

















tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state








Select state


Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded













4



Default Start Without project With Projectt0 End Rate End Rate

System G1 from Deforestation 0 0 Linear 0 LinearSystem G2 converted to A/R 0 0 Linear 0 LinearSystem G3 From OLUC 0 0 Linear 0 LinearSystem G4 Grassland to OLUC 0 0 Linear 0 LinearGrass-1 0 0 Linear 0 LinearGrass-2 0 0 Linear 0 LinearGrass-3 0 0 Linear 0 LinearGrass-4 0 0 Linear 0 LinearGrass-5 0 0 Linear 0 LinearGrass-6 0 0 Linear 0 LinearGrass-7 0 0 Linear 0 LinearGrass-8 0 0 Linear 0 LinearGrass-9 0 0 Linear 0 LinearGrass-10 0 0 Linear 0 Linear

Description of Grassland type, their management and areas (ha)Name of the Systems Succession type Fire used to manage Delta C*

Final (with or without project) Without project With project Cstart Cend tCO2eq/ha/yrDefault Your name Initial state State of the Grassland Fire* Frequency Fire Frequency t C/ha t C/haReserved system G1 from Deforestation NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G2 converted to A/R NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G3 From OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G4 Grassland to OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-1 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-2 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-3 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-4 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-5 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-6 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-7 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-8 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-9 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-10 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00

* is fire occuring?

Default Without project With Project Soil C variations (tCO2eq) Total CO2 eq from fire Total CO2eq DifferenceStart (refers to initial state)End Rate End Rate Without With Without With Without With tCO2eq t0

System G1 from Deforestation 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G2 converted to A/R 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G3 From OLUC 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G4 Grassland to OLUC 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-1 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-2 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-3 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-4 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-5 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-6 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-7 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-8 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-9 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-10 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Total Syst 1-10 0 0 0

Grassland total 0.0 0.0 0.0

Carbon Stock


Select state



Select state




Non degraded



Step by step... 4/5

Surface involved

User informs the surface involved

at start, in the future with and without project

By default, the adoption of practices is considered as linear. Yet the user can choose between a linear/immediate/exponential dynamic










tCO2eq/ha/yr

Select state








Select state


Select state

Select state




Select state


Non degraded













5



Soil C variations (tCO2eq) Total CO2 eq from fire Total CO2eq DifferenceWithout With Without With Without With tCO2eq

0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0


Step by step... 5/5

Corresponding GHG emissions

This table reports the different emissions

calculated by the model

Here is the carbon balance of the grassland module

Description of Grassland type, their management and areas (ha)Name of the Systems Succession type Fire used to manage Delta C*

Final (with or without project) Without project With project Cstart Cend tCO2eq/ha/yrDefault Your name Initial state State of the Grassland Fire* Frequency Fire Frequency t C/ha t C/haReserved system G1 from Deforestation NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G2 converted to A/R NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G3 From OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Reserved system G4 Grassland to OLUC NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-1 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-2 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-3 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-4 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-5 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-6 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-7 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-8 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-9 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00Grass-10 NO 5 NO 5 0.00 0.00 0.00

* is fire occuring?

Default Without project With Project Soil C variations (tCO2eq) Total CO2 eq from fire Total CO2eq DifferenceStart (refers to initial state)End Rate End Rate Without With Without With Without With tCO2eq t0

System G1 from Deforestation 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G2 converted to A/R 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G3 From OLUC 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0System G4 Grassland to OLUC 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-1 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-2 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-3 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-4 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-5 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-6 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-7 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-8 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-9 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Grass-10 0 Linear 0 Linear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Total Syst 1-10 0 0 0


Carbon Stock


Select state



Select state




Non degraded





How filling it...Now you know everything about the Grassland module...

…See the other modules!



Glossary


Global warming potential (GWP) is a measure of how much a given mass of greenhouse gas is estimated to contribute to global warming. It is a relative scale which compares the gas in question to that of the same mass of carbon dioxide (whose GWP is by definition 1)

Emission factor: normalized coefficient that allows for calculating the emission fluxes of GHG

Carbon sink: system that absorb naturally a part of the CO2 emitted in the atmosphere and store carbon during a more or less long term

Carbon balance: should be considered, for a specific project (or scenario of action) in comparison with a reference, as the net balance of all GHG emissions expressed in CO2 equivalent (sources and sinks) with the atmosphere interface and the net change in C stocks (biomass, soil…).

1 on-line resource materials for policy making ex-ante carbon-balance tool food and agriculture...

Documents

ex act tool

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grassland module of

net carbon balance