1 open standard-based digital tv browser in t-learning päivi aarreniemi-jokipelto helsinki...
Post on 21-Dec-2015
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![Page 1: 1 Open Standard-Based Digital TV Browser in T-learning Päivi Aarreniemi-Jokipelto Helsinki University of Technology Seppo Kalli Tampere University of Technology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649d6c5503460f94a4c651/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Open Standard-Based Digital TV Browser in
T-learning Päivi Aarreniemi-Jokipelto
Helsinki University of TechnologySeppo Kalli
Tampere University of TechnologyFinland
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Introduction
• The use of the DVB-HTML browser for learning purposes and the results of the pilot course using the DVB-HTML browser are presented
• The study is based on the 3 year Motive project in Industrial IT Laboratory of Helsinki University of Technology that ended in April 2004
• The state of interactive T-learning in Finland is on a planning level.
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T-learning
• Refers to the use of digital TV for educational purposes
• Shorthand for TV-based interactive learning and it is about having interactive access to video-rich learning materials primarily within the home, through a digital- TV STB
• Convergence between interactive TV and e-learning
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Digital TV educational services
1. Traditional educational TV programming
2. Interactive value-added educational services, which can be exploited as independent contents or combined with A/V services
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Motive learning environment
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Study question
• We have tested, if the Digital Video Broadcasting – HyperText Markup Language (DVB-HTML) satisfies the special requirements of adult education in distance learning.
• The DVB-HTML does not require huge programming, thus we can concentrate on learning in the content production.
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Learning material
• We have used a non-linear course structure in our course which allows browsing of the learning materials in desired piece and order
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Self assessment assignments
• A student is allowed to perform as many times as requested
• In the case of an incorrect answer, the student has easy access to the learning material with help of a supplied link.
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Graded assignments
• Constructed with a form element that enables interactive forms for students’ answers
• Forms include <form> tag with an attribute “action” that defines a URL where to send the student’s answer, when the send button is pushed
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Communication
• Intended for better communication
• Functionalities through the using of many platforms; computers, digital TV, mobile phones and communicators.
• The DVB-HTML browser was also used in viewing chat messages in digital TV.
Interaction
Stu
de
nt
Te
ach
er
Computers: web form
DTV
Mobile phones: SMS
Stu
de
nt
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Pilots
1. Experimental environment, 20022. Over cable DTV network, 2004• Commercially available none
MHP STBs for cable networks only 8 students
• LDGE-course, 2 cr– MCCS enabled communication– Graded assignments (return
channel)– Self-assessment assignments and
group assignments– Learning material (DVB-HTML)
1. Students’ ages vary between 26 and 59Students from computer science and industrial engineering and
2. The students’ ages vary between 38 and 55 and all students were men
• All students had earlier studied in WBEs
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In the research were analyzed
• Is DVB-HTML Browser suitable for T-learning?
• Is the Browser easy to use?
• Are color keys useful in navigation?
• Are the links supporting learning and fast navigation to additional learning material?
• Is any changes required in the Browser?
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Is the browser suitable for learning purposes?
• Yes 86 %• Students’ comments:• The browser is suitable for browsing and
reading• It is a little bit slower to browse the learning
material compared to the use of a mouse and a keyboard, but it was a positive surprise compared to my expectations in advance.
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Was the use of color buttons useful in navigation?
• Yes 100 %
• Students’ comments:
• The color buttons were the best of the system.
• The color buttons make it easier to navigate in the learning material.
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If you had answered incorrect in individual self assessment questions, did you use the
link to get easily to learning material to study more?
• Yes 71 %• Did the links support learning?• Yes 100 %• Students’ comments:• It made the searching of correct information faster,
what is important this kind of environment.• The links were useful.
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Is digital TV suitable to be used as a learning environment?
• Yes 87 %• Students’ arguments:• Digital TV is a media for everyone, whereas a
computer is still not.• Digital TV is an option for learning.• I think that digital TV has good chances to become an
important learning environment• Naturally, digital TV demands still further
development
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T-learning, M-learning, E-learning
• In digital TV we face same kind of challenges as in using mobile phones, because of the limitations in user interface of digital TV
• DTV– Limited screen– Remote control of a STB as the only control device– Navigation– Writing (virtual keyboard)– Television screen is watched from longer distance
than a PC screen
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Advantages of iDTV
• Television is an easy-to-use device
• The audience tends to trust the contents showed on TV
• Accessibility is the most important reason to use digital TV for learning purposes.
• Television as an easy-to-use device makes it easy to start to use interactive services.
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Advantages of iDTV
• DTV services have been desired to stay as easy-to-use as traditional television services has been.
• DTV seems to have the image of a familiar and secure device.
• Television has been significant sub-device in learning in the form of a school television via analog TV, thus the use of digital TV for learning purposes is not new idea.
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Advantages of iDTV
• Collaboration occurs, when more than just one person works on a single problem-solving task (Marttunen et al., 2005)
• The results of the pilot course indicates that iDTV suites for collaborative learning
• iDTV enables multi channel interaction, which supports the requirements of lifelong learning. In our pilots, students were studying aside with their work and family duties
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Conclusions
• According to the results, the DVB-HTML is a good candidate for T-learning in interactive digital TV.
• It seems to satisfy the requirements of adult education in distance learning.
• It is easy to produce DVB-HTML based learning material.
• The DVB-HTML browser is flexible and enables many functions, i.e. presenting learning materials and responding to assignments and viewing the conversations.