1 preparation of electrical conductive abs composite for bipolar plates in pem fuel cell dr....
TRANSCRIPT
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Preparation of Electrical Conductive
ABS Composite for Bipolar Plates
in PEM Fuel Cell
Dr. Jatrawan Phumchusak
And
Miss. Somruthai Tunma
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Aim to prepare the electrical
conductive polymer composite bipolar plate
in order to reduce the manufacturing cost
of PEMFC
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Introduction :
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell ; PEMFC
clean and potential energy sorce
high production cost
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Mass distribution in a 33 kW PEMFC stacks :
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Bipolar Plate :
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Classification of materials for BPs used in PEM fuel cell :
Non-metal : Non-porous graphite plates
Metals : Metal plates
Composites : - Metal based - Carbon based :
- Thermoplastics
- Thermosets
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Requirements for Bipolar Plates :
Electrical conductivity :
- DOE (the U.S.Department of Energy) > 100 S/cm
- F.N.Büchi ≥ 10 S/cm(Development of a Bipolar Element for PE- fuel cell, demonstration in a 6 kW stack)
- B.W.Choi ≥ 2.5 S/cm (higher than gas diffusion electrode)(J.Hydrogen energy 21 (1996))
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The BPs have the following functio ns to
perform :
- To distribute the fuel and oxidant within the cell.
- To facilitate water management within the cell.
- To separate individual cells in the stack.
- To carry current away from the cell.
- To facilitate heat management.
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Properties of BP :
Electrical conductivity : plate resistance 0.01 cm 2
Thermal conductivity : as high as possible
Hydrogen/gas permeability : 10-4 cm3/scm2
Corrosion resistance : corrosion rate 0.016 mA/cm2
Compressive strength : 22 lb/in2
Density : 5 gm/cm2
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Bipolar plate :
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Bipolar plate :
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Methodology :
2-rolls mixer
Hot pressing machine
ABS matrix
Graphite powder
Carbon black powder
Carbon fiber
Measure the in-plane electrical resistance by using the digital multimeter
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Result:
ABS–Graphite
Composites
Conductivity, S/cm
60 : 40 8.40 10-3
50 : 50 5.00 10-2
40 : 60 2.10 10-1
30 : 70 2.11
Table 1,2 : Electrical properties of ABS - Graphite composites.
Note : pure graphite
ABS–Graphite
Composites
Conductivity, S/cm
60 : 40 1.77 10-2
50 : 50 3.73 10-3
40 : 60 2.30 10-1
30 : 70 3.67
25 : 75 7.72
20 : 80 13.00
Note : mixed graphite
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Result :
ABS : CB : G
Conductivity, S/cm
25 : 5 : 70
8.16
25 : 10 : 65
9.28
30 : 20 : 50
12.95
Table 3 : Electrical properties of carbonaceous fillers - ABS composites.
Note : CB – Carbon black , G - Graphite
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Table 4 :
ABS: CF : G Composites
Conductivity,
S/cm
ABS : CF1 : G
40 : 20 : 40
0.10
ABS : CF2 : G
40 : 20 : 40
0.30
- CF1 length = 3 mm- CF2 length = 5 mm
-The effect of CF length :longer CF higher conductivity
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Discussion and Conclusion :
- Add carbon fiber to improve the conductivity of ABS composites.
- The effect of content and composition of fillers and the incorporation of fillers including the length of carbon fiber on the electrical properties of polymer composite were studied.
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References:
(1) A. Hermann, T. Chaudhuri and P. Spagnol (2005), “Bipolar plates for PEM fuel cells : A review”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 30, 1297-1302.
(2) H-C. Kuan, C-C. M. Ma, K. H. Chen and S-M. Chen (2004), “Preparation, electrical, mechanical and thermal properties of composite bipolar plate for a fuel cell”, Journal of Power Sources, 134, 7-14.
(3) W. Thongruang, R. J. Spontak and C. M. Balik (2002), “Bridged double percolation in conductive polymer composites: an electrical conductivity, morphology and mechanical property study”, Polymer, 43, 3717-3725.
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Acknowledgement :
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