1

Recent Experimental Results on

HL-2A HL-2A Team presented by X.T. Ding

Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu, ChinaIn collaboration withUSTC, ASIPP,…ChinaCEA-IRFM, FranceIPP, Germany University of California at San Diego, USANIFS, JAEA, Kyoto University,…Japan NFRI, WCI Center for Fusion Theory, KoreaIPR, India

Gullin China2011.11.1

SWIP8th General Scientific Assembly  of the Asia Plasma and Fusion Association in 2011 

APFA2011Southwestern Institute of physics, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041E-mail:dingxt@swip.ac.cn

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Outline

Status of the HL-2A TokamakResent Experiments on HL-2A

Summary & Next plan

Progress of H-mode studyH-mode with high power ECRHELMy mitigation with SMBI/CJIELMy free/Q H-mode observationPlasma tansport studyParticle transport during high power ECRHNew non –local phenomena Edge turbulens studyZF/GAM during ECRHProfile of the ZF/GAM intensity

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Status of the HL-2A Tokamak

•R: 1.65 m

•a: 0.40 m

•BT: 2.7 T

•Ip: 450 kA

•ne: ~ 6.0 x 1019 m-3

•Te: > 4.0 keV

•Ti: > 2.0 keV

•Duration: ~4.3 s Configuration:

Limiter, LSN divertor

Auxiliary heating systems: ECRH/ECCD: 3 MW (60.5 MW/68 GHz/1 s)NBI: 1MW/45 keV/2 s LHCD: 1 MW (2 0.5 MW/2.45 GHz/1 s)

Fueling systems (H2/D2, He/Ne/Ar):

Gas puffing (LFS, HFS, divertor) Extruded PI (40 pellets/LFS,) SMBI (LFS,HFS):

4

5#

3#4#

6#

2#

1#

ECW injected into the HL-2A from low field side 6 sets of gyrotrons (4/68GHz/500kW/1s and

2/68GHz/500kW/1.5 s )Modulation: frequency is 10~50 Hz; duty cycle is

10~100 %

Heating system on HL-2A

Antenna for four wave beamsA fixed focusing mirror；

5SMBI systems on HL-2A

1.0

1.5

2.0

n e ( 1

019

m-3

)

400 500 600 700 800 9000.5

1.0

1.5

time (ms)

n e (10

19 m

-3)

w/o ECRH

w/ ECRH

(a)

(b)

ne=0.63 n

e=0.76

ne=0.60

ne=0.30

LFS SMBIHFS SMBI

LFS SMBIHFS SMBI PECRH

=1.3MW

The HFS fuelling efficiency is higher than LFSThe penetration depth of the CJI is deeper than SMBI

Fueling system on HL-2A

Fueling systems :Gas puffing (LFS, HFS, divertor) SMBI/CJI (LFS,HFS):Extruded PI (40 pellets/LFS)

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Status of the HL-2A Resent Experiments on HL-2A

Summary & Next plan

Progress of H-mode studyH-mode with high power ECRHELMy mitigation with SMBI/CJIELMy free/Q H-mode observationPlasma tansport studyParticle transport during high power ECRHNon –local phenomena Edge turbulens studyResults for zonal flowsResults for blobs

SWIP APFA2011

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The Operation range of H-modeParameter range BT: 1.2-2.7 T Ip: 130_350 kA Ne: 1.5-3.5 x 1019 m-3

WE:> 80kJ

Time(ms)

WE(kJ)

Ip(kA)

ECRH

Te(a.u.) From ECE

Ne (19E19m-3)

Ha (edge)

Ha (div)

NBI

680 682 684 686 688 69025

26

27

time(ms)680 682 684 686 688 690

0

0.8

1.6

600 610 620 630 640 65027

31

35

time(ms)600 610 620 630 640 650

0

1.2

2.4

D-divWE(kJ) #11616

D-divWE(kJ) #13723

H-mode with high power ECRH

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H-mode with type-I ELMs

0.2

1.9

D-d

iv

27.5

33.4

Wdia(k

J)

177

181

Ip(k

A)

1.4

1.7

n e(E

13

)

Ne

1(a

u)

600 610 620 630 640 650

EC

E 14(a

u)

time(ms)

shot 13723

r/a~0.6

r/a~0.8

Some large ELMs have periods of 10-30 ms with energy loss more than 10 %

large ELMs have obvious perturbation to plasma current, Te and ne at plasma edge as well

(a)

(b)

(c)

The Spectrogram of the ELM precursors from magnetic probe (LFS) and soft-X ray (edge channel). The divertor Dα indicates the onset of ELM.

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400 500 600 700 800 900

2.5

3

3.5

n e (1019 m

-3)

400 500 600 700 800 900

0.40.60.8

11.2

N

400 500 600 700 800 9000

1

P(M

W)

400 500 600 700 800 9000

2

4

D

400 500 600 700 800 900

-1

0

1

Time (ms)

Mirnov

ECRH

NBI

Ip=300kA,Bt=2.4T, ne~3×1019m-3

PECRH~1.5MW, PNBI~0.8MWβN (onset) ~0.7

3/2 NTM during ELMy H-mode3/2 NTM during ELMy H-mode

m/n=3/2 survives

m/n=2/1 is suppressed

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ELMy mitigation with SMBI/CJI

The frequency of the ELMy increases with SMBIThe amplitude of the ELMy decreases with SMBI

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Density gradient of the

pedestal is decrease

after SMBIThe frequency of the

ELM depends on pulse

wide and gas presure of

the SMBICompare to the

general gas puffing, the

recycling is improved

ELMy mitigation with SMBI/CJI

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Observation of ELMy free/QH-mode

After asmall disruotion,The stored energy of the plasma increase about two timesThe temperature and density increase,Da decrease both in diaverter and at the plasma edge.

We

Ip

Da

ECRH

NBI

Te(core)

Te(edge)

Ne

13

28 30 32 34 36 38

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

r (cm)

ne (

×1

01

9 m

-3)

# 15620450 ms510 ms520 ms530 ms

AMReflectometry

The density profiles during forming of the pedestal measured by microwave reflectometry

Signals of the Mirnov coils and soft x ray.m/n=3/1 EHO??

Observation of ELMy free/QH-mode

m/n=3/2

m/n=2/1

m/n=3/1

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Observation of ELMy free/QH-mode

2

2/36

2/17

2/3

*

/

ln103

)(1033.1)/(

*

ee

evee

ethe

the

ee

Tn

Ra

Tnv

keVTsmv

v

qR

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Status of the HL-2A Resent Experiments on HL-2A

Summary & Next plan

Progress of H-mode studyH-mode with high power ECRHELMy mitigation with SMBI/CJIELMy free/Q H-mode observationPlasma tansport studyParticle transport during high power ECRHNon –local phenomena Edge turbulens studyResults for zonal flowsResults for blobs

SWIP APFA2011

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Particle transport during ECRH

The particle transport studied with modulated ECRHThe particle transport is difference in divertor and limit configuration

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Out-gassingPump-out

D= 1.5m2/sV= -10m/s

Out-gassing(Outward)

D= 0.4m2/sV= -4m/s

Pu

mp

-ou

t

a=37 cm

D= 0.8m2/sV= 15m/s

Out-gassing (Inward)

The pump out is dominated in the divetor configuration

The out gassing is dominated in the limit configuration

Zou Xiaolan, et.al. 23rd FEC, EXC/P8-14

Particle transport during ECRH

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0

0.5

1

1.5

Te(e

V)

350 400 450 500 550 600 6500

0.5

1

1.5

n e(10

19m

-3)

t(ms)

ECRH

r=-24.2cm

#13593

I II

sawtooth

r=-17.0cm

r=-9.0cm

r=-0.1cm

H.J.Sun tobe published to Nuclear Fusuion

Z.B. Shi, 23rd FEC, EXC/P8-14

The sustained time of the non local phenomena with continue SMBI is about 5 times of the confinement time (>100ms)

The non local phenomena have been observed after switch-off the far off-axis ECRH

Non –local phenomena

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Non –local phenomena

100

101

102

10-1

100

101

f(kHz)

P(a.

u.)

380ms480ms540ms

#13593

afterECRH

ECRHbeforeECRH

MR measurements show:The turburlence decrease after ECRH switch off;

The low freguency spectra and the poloidal corelation increase ;

Transport decreases

0

20

40

60

80

550 560 570 580 590 600 610

(m

s)

t(ms)

#14251

ECRH

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Status of the HL-2A Resent Experiments on HL-2A

Summary & Next plan

Progress of H-mode studyH-mode with high power ECRHELMy mitigation with SMBI/CJIELMy free/Q H-mode observationPlasma tansport studyParticle transport during high power ECRHNon –local phenomena Edge turbulence study during ECRHZF/GAM during ECRHProfile of the ZF/GAM intensity

SWIP APFA2011

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Edge turbulence study during ECRH

1 10 1000

2

4

6

8

pow

er(

a,u

)

f(kHz)

1 10 1000

1

2

3

pow

er(

a,u

)

(a)

(b)

GAM

q=6.2

q=5.2

q=3.5

380kW

680kw

GAM

LFZF

LFZF

The intensities of LFZF and GAM both increase with ECRH power

The intensities of LFZF decrease and GAM increase with the factor q (from 3.5 to 6.2)

K.J. Zhao, 23rd FEC, EXC/7-3 A.D. Liu, PRL. 103 (2009) 095002

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GAM dominantCoexistence

Moving from the last close flux surface inwards, the intensity of GAM first goes up, then decreases.

The intensity of LFZF increases inwards

Edge turbulence study during ECRH

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Summary

H-mode operate in high parameter ranges with high power ECRH

and NBI. The plasma stored energy larger than 80kJ. During the

H-mode, the type-I ELMs and NTM can be observed The obvious ELMy mitigation has been achieved by means of

SMBI/CJI. ELMy free or QH-mode can be observed after a small disruption.

The temperature increase greatly. During the ECRH, the particle transport is difference in diavetor

and limit configuration. The pump out is dominated in the

diavetor configuration. The sustained time of the non local phenomena with continue

SMBI is about 5 times of the confinement time (>100ms)

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Summary

The non local phenomena have been observed after switch-off

the far off-axis ECRH. The turbulence decrease after ECRH

switch off, The low frequency spectra and the poloidal

corelation increase.

The LFZF and GAM power tends to coexist in the inner region

and GAM dominates near the LCFS.

The intensities of LFZF and GAM both increase with ECRH

power. The intensities of LFZF decrease and GAM increase with

the factor q (from 3.5 to 6.2)

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Next plans

To develop a new NBI system with 2MW;

To develop 140GHz ECRH/ECCD system with 2MW

power;

To develop 3.7GHz LHCD system with 2MW power;

To design the RMP coils for ELMs control;

To develop new diagnostics for current profile

measurement (MSE, Faraday rotation) and plasma

rotation (CXRS).

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Thank you for your attention

SWIP APFA2011