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SAHARA/I3 First Summer Retreat

10-12 June 2002

Randy H. Katz, Anthony Joseph, Ion StoicaComputer Science Division

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science DepartmentUniversity of California, Berkeley

Berkeley, CA 94720-1776

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Retreat Goals &Technology Transfer

UC Berkeley Project Team Industrial CollaboratorsFriends

PeopleProject Status

Work in ProgressPrototype Technology

Early Access to TechnologyPromising Directions

Reality CheckFeedback

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Who is Here (Industry)• AT&T Research

– Yatin Chawathe

• CMU– Hui Zhang

• Ericsson Research– Per Johansson (VIF)– Martin Korling

• Hewlett-Packard Labs– John Apostolopoulos– Wai-Tian Dan Tan

• Intel Research– Timothy Roscoe

• Keynote Systems– Chris Overton

• Microsoft Research– Venkat Padmanabhan– Lili Qui– Helen Wang

• Nokia– Hannu Flinck

• Nortel Networks– Tal Lavian (PhD student)

• NTTDoCoMo– Takashi Suzuki (VIF)– Gang Wu

• Sprint ATL– Bryan Lyles– Paul Jardetzky

• UC Davis– Chen-nee Chuah– Dipak Ghosal

• Univ. Helsinki– Kimmo Raatikainen

• Univ. Washington– Tom Anderson

• Other Affiliation– Peter Danzig

Italics indicates Ph.D. from BerkeleyVIF=Visiting Industrial Fellow

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Who is Here (Berkeley)• Professors

– Anthony Joseph– Randy Katz– Ion Stoica– Doug Tygar

• Postdocs– Kevin Lai

• Technical & Admin Staff

– Nathan Berneman– Bob Miller– Keith Sklower

• Grad Students– Sharad Agarwal– Matt Caesar– Weidong Cui– Steve Czerwinski

• Grad Students– Yitao Duan– Ling Huang– Almadena Konrad– Karthik Lakshminarayanan– Yin Li– Huang Ling– Sridhar Machiraju– George Porter– Bhaskar Raman– Anantha Rajagoplala-Rao– Mukund Seshadri– Jimmy Shih– Lakshmi Subramanian– Ben Zhao– Shelley Zhuang

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Retreat Purpose• Second SAHARA retreat

– Project launched 1 July 2001– Review progress, set directions, particularly in terms of

integrating the diverse efforts underway

• “Generation after next” networks– Software “agents,” not protocols– Converged data and telecommunications networks– Heterogeneous access plus core networks

• Emerging network-aware distributed architecture– Confederation vs. brokering in service provisioning– Exploiting network structure-awareness– Four layer “reference” architecture

• Industrial feedback and directions– Real-world networking problems/limitations– Helping us do relevant research at Internet-scale

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Plan for the Retreat

• Monday, 10 June 2002– 1200-1315 Lunch– 1315-1500 Retreat Overview and Introductions (Randy)

» Retreat Overview & Sahara Progress, Randy Katz» Research on Adaptive Systems, Anthony Joseph» I3 Overview, Ion Stoica

– 1500-1530 Break– 1530-1700 Routing as a Cross-Domain Service (Randy)

» Ion Student: Multicast on I3» Mukund: Interdomain Multicast» Sharad: Policy Agent for Interdomain Routing» Lakshmi: Overlay QoS 

– 1700-1730 View from a Tier-1 ISP (Chen-nee)– 1730-1800 Break– 1800-1915 Dinner (Joint with ROC Retreat)– 1915-2015 Alfred Spector, IBM (Joint with ROC Retreat)– 2015-2100 Student Poster Session

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Plan for the Retreat• Tuesday, 11 June 2002

– 0730-0830 Breakfast– 0830-1000 Joint I3/Tapestry Session (Kubi/Ion)

» Services on Infrastructure, Kubi/Ion» Mobility on I3, Shelley/Kevin» Mobility on Tapestry, Ben

– 1000-1030 Break– 1030-1200 Adaptation and Applications (Anthony)

» Modeling/Analysis of Non-Stationary Net Characteristics, Almudena» Always Best Connected, Machi» VoIP Gateway Selection, Matt

– 1200-1300 Lunch– 1300-1600 Long Break– 1600-1800 SAHARA Architecture and Brainstorming Session (Randy)

» Four Layer Architecture, Bhaskar » Hot Spot WLAN Testbed for Sahara Integration, Jimmy

– 1800-1915 Dinner (Joint with ROC Retreat)– 1915-2000 Panel on Robust Manageable Distributed Systems– 2000-2130 Second Graduate Student Poster Session

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Plan for the Retreat

• Wednesday, 12 June 2002– 0730-0830 Breakfast– 0830-1000 Six Month Planning (Anthony)– 1000-1030 Break/Room Checkout/Photo Session– 1030-1200 Industrial Feedback (Randy)– 1200-1300 Lunch– 1300-1700 Bus back to Berkeley

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SAHARA: 2001-2003

• Service• Architecture for• Heterogeneous• Access,• Resources, and• Applications

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Sprint

UserSalt Lake

City

Scenario: ServiceComposition

JAL

BabblefishTranslator

Zagat Guide

UI

User

NTTDoCoMo

RestaurantGuide Service

Tokyo

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Sahara Research Themes

• New mechanisms, techniques for end-to-end services w/ desirable, predictable, enforceable properties spanning potentially distrusting service providers– Architecture for service composition & inter-operation across

separate admin domains, supporting peering & brokering, and diverse business, value-exchange, access-control models

– Functional elements» Service discovery» Service-level agreements» Service composition under constraints» Redirection to a service instance» Performance measurement infrastructure» Constraints based on performance, access control,

accounting/billing/settlements» Service modeling and verification

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AccessNetworks

Core Networks

Connectivity and Processing

Transit Net

Transit Net

Transit Net

PrivatePeering

NAP

PublicPeering

InternetDatacenter

PSTNRegional

WirelineRegionalVoiceVoice

CellCell

Cell

CableModem

LAN

LAN

LAN

Premises-based

WLAN

WLAN

WLAN

Premises-based

Operator-based

H.323Data

Data

RAS

Analog

DSLAM

H.323

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Service

Negotiation & control path

Service Composition Models

Service Service

Data flow

Cooperative

BrokeredNegotiation & control path

Broker

Service ServiceService

Data flow

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Layered Reference Model for Service Composition

IP Network

Enhanced Links

Enhanced Paths

End-to-End NetworkWith Desirable Properties

Middleware Services

Applications Services

End-User Applications

Connect

ivit

yPla

ne

Applic

ati

on

Pla

ne

Serv

ice

Com

posi

tion

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Layered Reference Modelfor Service Composition

Services at Layer i-1Services at Layer i-1Services at Layer i-1

Services at Layer i-1Other Servicesat Layer iComponent Services

Composed Service at Layer i

PolicyManagement

Dynamic ResourceAllocation

InteroperabiltyMeasurement-based

Adaptation

Trust Management/Verification

UnderlyingCompositionTechniques

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Mechanisms for Service Composition

• Measurement-based Adaptation– Examples

» General-purpose third party end-to-end Internet host distance monitoring and estimation service

» Universal In-box: Application-specific middleware measurement layer to exchange network and server load using link-state algorithm

» Content Distribution Networks: measurement-based DNS-based server selection to redirect client to closest service instance

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Mechanisms for Service Composition

• Utility-based Resource Allocation Mechanisms– Examples

» Auctions to dynamically allocate resources; applied for spectrum/bandwidth resource assignments to MVNO from underlying competiting MNOs

» Congestion pricing: influence user behavior to better utilize scarce resources; applied in:

• Voice port allocation to user-initiated calls in H.323 gateway/Voice over IP service management

• Wireless LAN bandwidth allocation and management• H.323 gateway selection, redirection, and load balancing for Voice over

IP services

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Mechanisms for Service Composition

• Trust Mgmt/Verification of Service & Usage– Authentication, Authorization, Accounting Services

» Authorization control scheme w/ credential transformations to enable cross-domain service invocation

» Federated admin domains with credential transformation rules based on established peering agreements

» AAA server makes authorization decisions, liberating providers from preparing rules for each affiliated domain

– Service Level Agreement Verification» Verification and usage monitoring to ensure properties

specified in SLA are being honored» Border routers monitoring control traffic from different

providers to detect malicious route advertisements

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Mechanisms for Service Composition

• Policy Management– Visibility into local policies to better coordinate global

policies among (cooperating) service providers– Developing inter-AS architecture for load balancing,

performance and failure mode policies to be applied throughout the network

» Internet topology discovery through AS relationship map of the Internet plus measurement infrastructure

» Policy agent framework for inter-AS negotiation to manage incoming traffic

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Mechanisms for Service Composition

• Interoperability through Transformation– Interoperability of data, protocols, policies among

composed service providers– Example

» Broadcast federation: global multicast service composed from multicast implementations in different provider domains

» Protocol transformation gateways between admin domains employing non-interoperable multicast protocol implementations

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Summary and Conclusions

• Goal: Evolve (mobile) Internet architecture to better support multi-network/multi-service provider model– Dynamic environment, location-based implies larger numbers

of service providers & service instances

• Status: architectural specification driven by selected applications and underlying wide-area services

• Focus: – Composition across confederated vs. independent service

providers: peer-to-peer vs. brokering– Explore new techniques/technologies:

» Market-based mechanisms» Trust management, SLA verification, perf. monitoring

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