1 students' activities in on & off campus learning environments yoshida masami professor of...
TRANSCRIPT
1
Students' Activities in On & Off Campus Learning Environments
YOSHIDA MasamiProfessor of Chiba University
Faculty of EducationGraduate School of Humanities & Science
2
Monitoring
PurposeTo improve students’ autonomous activities in depth and extension MethodBlended Education (management)Cover all contents in e-learning (instruction => teaching)Interactive/invention Model (which involves both)
5E Planning (expansion) Bloom Digital Taxonomy (depth)
3
Course
University course, “Method of Informatics Education,” for undergraduate students. Compulsory course for a Teacher License Open course for all faculties
Initially, e-learning was developed to assist absent students who went teaching practice.
All instructions and course materials are offered via e-learning beforehand
The e-learning is used in both F2F and online lesson. Students should attend F2F lessons as long as
possible. All F2F lessons are executed in a computer room.
4
E-learning
TCU-LMS (Japanese version) LMS involves lesson materials, streaming videos of
instructions, message boards to apply exercises, message board to exchange opinions, gateway to ICQ, and short tests (used in F2F)
A teacher manages facilitation and guide to students in F2F lessons
A teacher in F2F does not offer instruction, but provides teaching
5
Lesson Style
To support learner autonomy throughout the lesson, where Wedemeyer’s (1971) idea is embodied.
To link knowledge with other areas or mode of knowledge to support different majors of students. (conceptual tools)
The teaching and facilitation should use, as appropriate, media and methods (prepared resources =>cyberspace)
To give chances of rich authentic learning tasks to students, even in F2F. (open questions)
6
Observed Limitation
Activity Observation
SearchGoogle and Wikipedia are major selections. Some use Hatena Keyword, but others are leaded to this through googling.
Academic Resource
Some use Eric. Many do not know Google Scholar, CiNii and Scopus.
Academic Portal
University offers a comprehensive academic portal in a library Web site, but only some use this.
ReferencingUniversity offers free of charge service of “Endnote Web” and “Reference Works,” but no student knows in this year.
Learning Object
No student knows the service. They use image retrieval of Google if need.
7
Problems
Online activities: Limited expansion (e.g. only google and wikipedia)
Online activities: Limited depth (no optional retrieval, no considerations of related keywords)
Online activities: Limited experiences to develop digital product
Exclusive links: Limited site relations in a same category.
Popularity paradox: Convenient site for autonomous learning is not popular
Limited notification: Difficult to know public and academic services without guide
8
Web Surfing Activities
9
Improve Operation Structure
Activity Theory (Engeström, 2001) Introduces students into meaningful operation
within the action that dominates learner autonomy.
Logical operation into activity Reproduce themselves by generating actions
and operations.
10
Interactive/Intervention Model
Manzo, and et.al. Based on schema activation Involving both top-down (constructivist appro
ach) and bottom-up (behaviorist approach) reasoning
The more finely woven the net, the better able they will be to learn, or catch, the new information.
11
II Model with 5E & Bloom
12
Input
Concept: Web sites shown in Fig.3, grouping concept, and relation with learning tasks were taught by a teacher concretely to students.
Autonomous Knowledge Acquisition: Fig.3 does not involved sites of directly relevance to subject contents of informatics education. These are the fields of knowledge shown in e-Learning.
Autonomous Learning: Students can operate their computers freely during F2F.
Bottoming Up Included: Frequently, facilitation is offered that involved teaching (not instructing).
Open Question: All exercises are designed to produce activities of students.
13
Digital Taxonomy
Bloom’s category Digital applications
Rememberingsocial networking, social bookmarking, favoriting, searching
Understandingsubscribing, tweeting, tagging, commenting, annotating
Applying uploading, editing, sharing, hacking
Analyzing linking, validating, mashing
Evaluatingreviewing, blogging, networking, moderating
Creatingprogramming, podcasting, vodcasting, animating, wiki-ing
14
Observed Benefits by Blended Education
Ordinal Classroom Blended Education Activity Builders
Knowledge Acquisition
limit within a textbook and a white board
rich from e-learning, links, online retrievals including self selected knowledge
various search engines, portals, database
Discussionseated positions limit communication
rich among students message board
Questioningopen question spends timelimit chances or targets
all questions are open questions
question board
Tools a notebookonline tools, Web page management tools
WeBOX
Information limited richgive meaning to distributed knowledge
Instruction follow lesson outlinefacilitation by supplemental teaching
give all info at beginning
Teaching follow lesson outline exploring and expanding access servers
Test difficult management easy management security management
15
WeBOX
Web management software, freeware. Developed by a university academic in Japan. Web browsing, store accessed data, record
classification by folders, three save modes (URL, page, site), strong retrieval function, highlight function.
Small program with 860KB. Possible to run from a USB memory.
Some basic functions of QDA are equipped
16
Impression
Instruction in e-learning realized equality Facilitation is basically for controlling students’
learning pace. Guide in F2F is better than online, because other
students glance at. F2F can impress an important principle of “students
must select learning” in emotional level to enhance their motivation.
Conceptualization in F2F is better than online. Brainstorming in F2F is better than online, because
each student should act something. Guide in F2F is better than online, because a teacher
get underlining personal feedback of a student.
