1

Survey Participation for Bonus MarksEmail macresearcher9@gmail.com for survey

linkVIA Survey (3rd party website)Wonderlic Personnel Test (3rd party website)Creativity AssessmentBreak (additional Pilot Study)Creativity AssessmentAdditional questionnairesSubmit Page

2

__________________________________Agata Mirowska

DeGroote School of Business

3

Course Layout: Three Levels of Analysis1. Personal Skills

• Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4

2. Interpersonal Skills• Weeks 5, 6, 7, 8

3. Group and Organizational Skills• Weeks 9, 10, 11, 12

4

Managers From the PastThing of managers/leaders/coaches you’ve

had in the past:What made them exceptionally good?

Exceptionally bad?What made you want to work for them?What qualities of theirs would you like to

emulate? To avoid?

Learning and Personal ImprovementPersonal Effectiveness: The foundation of

great management

Most fundamental aspect of personal competence is to know yourself and to have a clear understanding of how you learn new skills and motivate yourself to improve your capability

6

Myths of Personal EffectivenessLearning comes with age and experienceWe know ourselvesGrowth opportunities lie solely in our

weaknessesIt’s not me, it’s themThe best managers are hyper-organized and

workaholics

7

Learning How to LearnBandura’s social learning theory – learning of

any new behavior is the result of three main factors :

Perception: a person’s mental processes such as motivation, attention, self-regulation and self-efficacy

Behavior: person’s response or actionEnvironment: the physical and social

environment surrounding an individual

8

Social Learning TheoryP

B E

Mutual influence is referred to as reciprocal determinism

Most learning is done through observation and modeling of the behaviors of others

• Perception (P)

• Behaviour (B)

• Environment (E)

9

Social Learning Theory• What are practical implications of Social

Learning Theory?

• The “Knowing Doing” Gap• Importance of correct role models

10

Skill Building ActivityWrite your name 20 times with your

dominant handNow write your name 20 times with your

non-dominant handHow did you do?Why is it difficult….you know how to write your

name!

11

Four Critical Components Attention:

First challenge of learning is to focus Find right models Isolate as specifically as possible the behaviors you

hope to learn

RetentionMust be able to understand and remember

what you have observed Relate to theory or framework to understand why

12

Four Critical Components Reproduction:

Importance of practice or actual demonstration of a skill Cannot learn many things by just observing or

reading (i.e. riding a bike, driving) Have to translate the images or descriptions into

actual behavior

Motivation:Why are you putting in the effort?

i.e. past or promised reinforcements, vicarious reinforcement, even punishment

13

A Model of Self-ManagementPersonal change is not a discrete, one time

event but an ongoing process with multiple influences and possibly an infinite time periodHence the “Next Steps” portion of SAP #2

Hope vs. action

Need to successfully manage self to be able to manage others

14

A Model of Self-Management1. Self-Observation/Exploration

Important first step Determine current state – thermostat analogy When/why/under what circumstances do you

currently engage in certain behaviours? What works and what deters your desired behaviour?

Learn from failures and mistakes!

15

A Model of Self-Management2. Self Set Improvement Goals work because:

In committing to a goal, a person devotes attention toward goal-relevant activities

Goals energize people and affect persistence Give clear end to work towards

Goals motivate people to use their knowledge to help them attain the goal

Make goals known to others to increase commitment

16

A Model of Self-ManagementWhen Setting Goals:

What does desired behaviour or outcome look like?Look to role-modelsSet LT objectives with ST goals along the way

Goals Should Be SMART:SpecificMeasurableAttainableRelevantTime-bound

17

Example: New Year’s Resolution“I want to get in shape”Is this goal SMART?

SpecificMeasureableAttainableRelevantTime-bound

How would you re-phrase it?

18

A Model of Self-Management3. Management of Cues

Modify your environment Reminders and attention focusers

4. Positive Self-Talk and Rehearsal Practice new behaviour under expected

conditions Create positive/confident frame of mind

5. Self-Reward and Punishment Reward small goals/milestones along the way to

overall goal Rewards work better than punishment – why?

19

Putting It All into Practice1. Know where you are currently2. Set SMART goals for your change3. Arrange your world so it focuses your

attention and reminds you of your improvement plan and goals

4. Stay positive and rehearse the desired behaviors at every opportunity

5. Create your own rewards for accomplishing your targets

20

Skill Building ActivityIndividually set a GPA goal for this

semester:Consider courses, prior grades, time

constraintsCreate 2 goals that are SMART:

SpecificMeasureableAttainableRelevantTime-bound

Individual Differences and Their ImportanceAbility : what a person is capable of doing

Personality: represents the pattern of relatively enduring ways in which a person thinks, acts, and behaves Can include values, motives

What influences behaviour more: personality or environment?

22

How Do I Think Critically and Analytically?Cognitive ability: capacity to learn and

process cognitive information such as reading, comprehension, mathematical patterns and spatial patternsExamples of tests?

GMA is positively correlated with job performance across a variety of contexts

23

How Well Do I Understand and Use Emotion?Emotional intelligence : refers to the ability

to accurately identify emotions (in self and others) as well as understand and manage those emotions separatelyCan be trained

Positively correlated with :Perceptions of leadershipCoping with stressJob performance

24

Key Aspects of Emotional IntelligenceBe able to accurately identify and express yours and

others feelings

Get in the right moodPositive moods related to productivity, relationships

Predict the emotional futureRecognize your emotional state so can deal with it in the

future

Do it with feelingRecognize how your actions affect others

25

Cultural IntelligenceCultural intelligence: represents a person’s

capability to function effectively in situations characterized by cultural diversity

What jobs would require high CQ?

26

Cultural Intelligence: 4 Sub SkillsCQ-Strategy: how a person interprets and understands

intercultural experiences

CQ-Knowledge: person’s understanding of how cultures are similar and different

CQ-Motivation: person’s interest in experiencing other cultures and interacting with people from different cultures

CQ-Behavior: person’s capability to modify their own verbal and nonverbal behavior so it is appropriate for different cultures

27

What Are My Dominant Personality Traits?Big Five Dimensions1. Extraversion2. Emotional stability3. Agreeableness4. Conscientiousness5. Openness to experience

28

Personality as a PredictorConscientiousness (reliable, dependable)

r = .23

Extroversion (outgoing, friendly) r = .10 - .26

Emotional Stability (anxious, tense) r = .07

Agreeableness (team player, works well with others) r = .06

Openness to Experience (inquisitive)r = 0 (performance)r = .25 (training proficiency)

Seems to be context-dependent

What Are My Personality Preferences?People’s behavior is rarely random but

reflects a stable pattern of personal preferencesCan act against these preferences but may

require more energy, focus, effort

Large percentages of people in certain occupations tend to share similar preferencesNo direct link to job performance

30

What Are My Personality Preferences?Four Major Preference Areas1. Extraversion (E) or Introversion (I)

Preferred direction of energy and attention

2. Sensing (S) or Intuition (N) Preferred method of taking in or seeking

information

3. Thinking (T) or Feeling (F) Preferred method of making decisions

4. Judgment (J) or Perception (P) Preferred orientation to the external world

31

What Are My Core Values?Individual’s value system

Enduring beliefs about what’s most important in the world

Non-negotiable deeply held beliefsThere is a small # of values and people differ

on degree to which they possess each

32

What Are My Core Values?One of the most important ways values

awareness operates is attempting to determine compatibility and fit with others in jobs, occupations and organizations

Occupational fit condition that exists when there is relative

agreement among the parties about what is most important

What happens if poor fit?

33

What is My Preferred Career Orientation?Career orientation: preference for a specific

type of occupation and work contextImportance of self-awareness!

34

35

Figure 1.236

Important Self-Awareness IssuesAssessment results are simply feedback, not

value judgmentsThousands of self-assessments exist but many

have questionable legitimacyPreferences are choices we make about how

we perceive the world and function best in itLook for patterns and consistency across your

assessments

37

Involve Others: Seek Regular FeedbackMajor obstacle to seeking feedback is fearMulti-source feedback – enhances self-

knowledge and improves managerial behaviorThis is where SAP #1 and #2 fit in

Increase self-awarenessGet feedback in safe environmentBetter to get feedback from

friends/colleagues/instructor now than boss later!

38

Focus on Strengths, Not Just WeaknessesMost productive to place focus on strengths

and the things you can realistically changeBetter return on interventions aimed at

enhancing strengths rather than correcting weaknessesPositive Organizational BehaviourPositive Organizational Scholarship

39

Skill Building ActivityLook at list of Big 5 Personality traits (Page 21,

Table 1.5) – which traits do you think you will be high/low on?

Look at Jung’s personality preferences (Page 22) – which profile do you think will best represent you?

Look at Holland’s Career Preferences (Page 24, Table 1.6) – which types of occupations do you think are best suited for you? List a few occupations that you think fit you best based on this prediction

Write down and hand in to me

40

Skill Building ActivityBefore next week’s class, take the first three self-

assessments available in an Excel file at http://www.business.mcmaster.ca/hrlr/profs/mcateer/ or you can access Dr. McAteer’s website through the faculty link directory on the DeGroote School of Business webpage at http://www.degroote.mcmaster.ca/ :Personality Traits Big 5: IPIP-NEOPersonality Preferences: The MBTI: Champagne & HoganCareer Orientation: The Career Key: O*NET Skills Profiler

Bring in these results for next class!!!41