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Global Environmental Problems

Population G rowth

Ecosystem declineG lobal Atmospheric change

Biodiversity Loss

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PopulationG

rowthPresent Population ± 6.4 billion

Rate of growth - 77 million/yrThomas Malthus ± G eometric G rowth

Robert G oodland - Carrying capacity

British Colombia ± Ecological Foot PrintG arret Hardin ± Tragedy of the Commons

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Ecosystem DeclineBrandt Line20% Rich in North & 80% Poor in SouthPA G E ± Pilot Analysis of G lobal Ecosystem

All 5 ecosystems are declining

MEA ± Millennium Ecosystem AssessmentLaunched on 5 th June 2001 aims at arrestingdecline

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Global Atmospheric Change

Ever Expanding technologyCO

2 ± 280 ppm in 1900; 375 ppm in 2004

Aerosol

Acid rains

DeforestationMontreal Protocol ± 1987 CFCKyoto Protocol ± 1987 CO 2

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Biodiversity LossIdentified Species ± 2 millionYet to be - 14 millionDepletion due to Natural &Anthropogenic Causes

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Strategic Themes1. Sustainability2. Stewardship3. Sound Science

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Sustainability ± PracticalG

oalCapacity to survive by replacing the lossZP G

µSustainable Development¶ ± WorldCommission of Environment & Development

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Stewardship ± EthicalG

oalPlato & Kant ± Fundamental ethicalprinciples are universal & unchangingMan ± the masterEnvironment [Living & non living] ± thestewards

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Master¶s duties towards hisstewards

3 µR¶s ± Reduce, Reuse, RecycleTurn off water & power when not in useResist impulsive buying

Stay informed

Disseminate information

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Follow Role ModelsRachel Carson 1962 ± µThe Silent Spring¶Lois G ibbs 1970 ± Love CanalRodolfo Montiel 1990 ± Loggers inMexicoKen Saro - Wiwa 1995 ± Toxic DumpingCitizens of Piney Wood & Alton Park.Chattanooga, Tennessee ± Toxic Waste

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Sound ScienceDuties of Scientists:Conduct relevant studyConduct in scientific manner

Report findings unbiased

Suggest remedies

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Integrating Themes1. Ecosystem capital2. Policy & Politics3. G lobalization

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Ecosystem CapitalG oods & ServicesAbiotic & Biotic factors are the goodsBiogeochemical Cycles are the services

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Policy & politicsPolicy makers at various levels ± Village,Panchayat, Municipal, State, Nation,G lobalTo have G reen agendaConsult Experts / ScientistsBe responsible / accountable

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Globalization

G lobal VillageIncreased means of communication &TransportAgenda 21 ± UNCED ± Rio De Janeiro1992

Baltic 21 ± Socio- economical & ecologicalWSSD ± Johannesburg 2002Nothing much achieved

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Good News - Optimism

Undernourishment fallen from 35% to 20%Population growth has slowed downAwareness increased

Environmental degradation slows down