Unit I Questions

Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Latitude and Longitude may be used to determine which of the following characteristics of a place?a. Its formal region d. Its site featuresb. Its absolute location e. Its relative locationc. Its friction of distance

____ 2. Looking at an issue such as total fertility rate from a local to global perspective in geography would be an example of using:a. regional analysis d. scale of analysisb. differentiated analysis e. continuous synthesisc. Map scale

____ 3. Which of the following statements concerning longitude is not correct?a. Longitude is the angular distance east or

west of the prime meridiand. Meridians converge at the poles

b. Meridians run north and south around the earth.

e. Meridians are parallel to the equator

c. Longitude is depicted by north-south lines called meridians.

____ 4. A map generally has all of the following attributes EXCEPT:a. title d. spatial datab. 1:1 scale e. two-dimensional c. symbolic representation

____ 5. Location is identified geographically in the following ways:a. size, relationship to nearest natural

landform, aged. flora and fauna in the area

b. population, northern or southern hemisphere, climate

e. place-name, site, situation, mathematical location.

c. important people and events

____ 6. When human geographers study the relative elevation of various places, which type of map would they most likely use?a. Cognitive (mental) map d. Choropleth thematic mapb. Isoline topographic map e. Robinson Projectionc. Mercator Projection

____ 7. If it is 2 p.m. in your city and it is 12 p.m. in Greenwich, England, what is your city’s approximate longitude?a. 45 degrees west d. 30 degrees westb. 15 degrees west e. 30 degrees eastc. 15 degrees east

____ 8. Taking photos of Earth from space is also called:a. geographic information systems d. aerial photographyb. geographic positioning systems e. remote photography

c. satellite imagery

____ 9. Which of the following provides the most accurate representation of the earth?a. Isoline topographic map d. Mercator Projectionb. Gall-Peters Projection e. Robinson Projectionc. Globe

____ 10. Every map projection has some degree of distortion because:a. parallels and meridians never cross at right

angles on a globe.d. Earth is not a perfect sphere

b. a curved surface cannot be represented on a flat surface without distortion.

e. latitude lines never intersect while meridians meet at the poles.

c. the grid system is two dimentional, while the real world is three dimentional.

____ 11. Meridians and parallels are most helpful in determining a. spatial organization d. relative locationb. physical site characteristics e. absolute locationc. the “why of where”

____ 12. Of these, the map using the smallest map scale would be the map of:a. Atlanta, GA. d. Pennsylvania.b. South America. e. the world.c. Main Street, Small Town, Ohio.

____ 13. Newspaper delivery areas are an example of which type of region?a. graphical d. vernacularb. formal e. functionalc. statistical

____ 14. Which of the following is not true with respect to “places”?a. They have location d. They have both physical and cultural

characteristicsb. Most have a toponym that helps to

distiguish one place from anothere. They may be large or small

c. They cannot interact with other places

____ 15. Regional boundaries are marked by a. the boundaries or a city or incorporated

political unitd. spatial reality

b. subtle differences between geographically similar towns and cities.

e. precise decisions based upon the scale of the map

c. dramatic changes in the region’s unifying characteristic

____ 16.The map above represents what type of projection?a. A Robinson projection d. A planar projection with diverging lines at

the polesb. A polar projection e. A mercator projection with distorted land

areasc. A homolosine projection with continuity

of land masses____ 17. Geographic information systems are:

a. measures to record elevation d. surveys that resulted in the long lot system.

b. a compute program that relies solely on GPS data.

e. computer systems that combine various geographic data.

c. paper maps.

____ 18. Which of the following applies to all aspects of human geography?a. Gender d. Spaceb. Climate e. Densityc. Ethnicity

____ 19. Which of the following statements concerning spatial systems (GIS) is not correct?a. Maps cannot be used to measure and

analyze systems, only models can. d. Layers of information can be used to study

a location on many different levels. b. The analysis of the role of each

component helps reveal the operation of the entire system.

e. Spatial systems may be the basis for regional identification

c. They function as units because their component parts are independent.

____ 20. The map type used to record not only the presence of a phenomenon but also to suggest its spatial pattern, distribution, or dispersion is:a. isoline d. mercator projectionb. statistical e. choroplethc. dot

____ 21. Which of the following characteristics of a place is most important in determining its centrality or isolation?a. relative location d. physical site characteristicsb. absolute location e. toponymc. pattern

____ 22. If it is midnight at the prime meridian, then at the international Date Line it is:a. Noon d. 6 A.M.b. 6 P.M. e. midnight of the following dayc. midnight of the previous day

____ 23. Which of the following has the coarsest level of data aggregation?a. Analysis of lead in an office d. Analysis of Asian birthratesb. Analysis of gender ratios at Southern

Illinois University-Edwardsville. e. Analysis of death rates in Afghanistan

c. Analysis of drug use in Germany

____ 24. At what degree of latitude is the North Pole?a. 90 degrees south d. 0 degreesb. 45 degrees south e. 90 degrees northc. 45 degrees north

____ 25. Newspaper delivery areas are an example of which type of region?a. Formal d. Functionalb. Graphical e. Statisticalc. Vernacular

____ 26. Which of the following items below is an absolute location?a. 479 Elm Street, Muncie, Indiana d. 10 miles east of Pittsburghb. 3 degrees south e. Prime meridianc. Washington

____ 27. Which of the following is not used by geographers to determine absolute location?a. latitude d. equatorb. longitude e. prime meridianc. distance from fresh water

____ 28. All of the following are correct statements about time zones EXCEPT:a. The organization of the world into time

zones requires that somewhere on the globe the date has to change.

d. The local time in neighboring zones is exactly one hour different.

b. Many areas have adopted daylight savings time during spring and summer months.

e. The People’s Republic of China has more time zones thatn the United States does because China is a larger country.

c. Time zones are geometrically subdivided by meridians each 15º of longitude appart.

____ 29. One method of organizing earth’s surface into regions emphasizes core and peripheral areas. This method identifiesa. perceptual regions d. uniform regionsb. functional regions e. formal regionsc. vernacular regions

____ 30. What are maps called that keep shapes intact but distort area?a. Azimuthal d. Relativeb. Conformal e. Equal areac. Molleweide

____ 31. According to the theory of environmental determinism, which of the following areas would have the most productive settlements?a. Temperate regions d. Arctic Regionsb. Mountainous regions e. Tropical regionsc. Arid regions

____ 32. If one wanted to find the global distribution of coal, he/she would use a: a. reference map. d. thematic map.b. general purpose map. e. topographic map.c. location map.

____ 33. Physiological population density is viewed as a superior measure of population density for which of the following reasons?a. It yields the average population density d. It measures the average by dividing total

land area by total number of people.b. It best reflects the percentage of a

population that is urbanizede. It is more reflective of population pressure

on arable landc. It is more reflective of the world’s largest

population concentrations____ 34. Regionalization is to geography as

a. characterization is to drama d. periodization is to historyb. exploration is to geology e. description is to literaturec. composition is the music

____ 35. Which of the following is a type of region categorization that emphasizes the relationship between core and peripheral areas?a. functional regions d. uniform regionsb. vernacular regions e. perceptual regionsc. formal regions

____ 36. Which of the following maps would be most useful for demonstrating varying levels of mountain elevation? a. Isoline topographic d. Proportional symbolb. Dot density e. Mercatur Projectionc. Azimuthal

____ 37. If a traveller crosses the International Date Line going from America to Asia, s(he) will set the timea. 24 hours back d. 24 hours aheadb. 12 hours back e. 48 hours backc. 12 hours ahead

____ 38. Which of the following is an example of the spatial analysis tradition in geography?a. the sizes of major oceans d. a checkerboard pattern created by

agricultural use of landb. the number of ships constructed in New

Englande. natural vegitation on hillsides

c. flight patterns of birds in migration

____ 39. Regions share all of these characteristics EXCEPT:a. common features. d. relative loction.b. spatial extent. e. easily defined.

c. boundaries.

____ 40. GPS determines latitude in relation to _______________ and longitude in relation to __________ . a. the equator; the prime meridian d. the prime meridian, the international date

lineb. the prime meridian, the equator e. climate; time zonesc. the equator; Antarctica

____ 41. Linear, centralized, random, and grid patterns help to define the a. distance between objects on a map and the

distance between objects on the earth’s surface

d. organization of earth’s surface into distinct areas

b. arrangement of objects on earth’s surface in relation to other objects

e. position of something on earth’s surface

c. physical gap or distance between two objects

____ 42. The geographical perspective is distinct from that of other fields in its emphasis on a. urban lifestyles d. spatial analysisb. cultural traditions e. political relationshipsc. sustainable development

____ 43.The map above represents what kind of projection?a. A homolosine projection with continuity

of landmassesd. A planar projection with diverging lines at

the polesb. A Mercator projection with distorted land

areae. A gnomonic projection with distortions of

bodies of waterc. A Robinson projection with distortions at

the equator____ 44. Which of the following matches the actual areas would be represented by a map with the largest scale?

a. The world. d. a country

b. a continent e. a cityc. a park

____ 45. If an area has objects in it that are tightly arranged, it is said to be what?a. Dispersed d. Scatteredb. Clustered e. Regionalizedc. Dense

____ 46. The “why of where” refers to:a. spatial patterns on the landscape. d. the importance of landscape features.b. the depiction of a region’s physical

features.e. the fact that geography only focuses on

location.c. the idea that geography explains spatial

patterns.____ 47. The characteristics of places today are the result of:

a. technology d. current inhabitantsb. space-time compression e. constantly changing past and present

conditionsc. level of education

____ 48. 1:100,000 is an example of what type of scale?a. Fractional d. Line statementb. Large scale e. Wordc. Small scale

____ 49. Transferring locations from Earth’s surface to a flat map is called projection. What types of distortion can occur in this transference?a. The relative size of different areas may be

altered.d. The direction from one place to another

can be distorted.b. The shape of an area can be distorted. e. All of the above are distortions that can

occur on maps. c. The distance between two points bay be

incorrect.

____ 50.On the map above, the farther apart the contour lines:a. the colder the climate d. the gentler the slopeb. the closer to water e. the steeper the slopec. the closer to mountain tops

____ 51. A special type of map designed to reveal the nature of local topography is called a a. reference map d. contour mapb. local-global continuum map e. Peters projection mapc. Robinson projection map

____ 52. Land parcels in the American Midwest tend to be rectilinear because:a. the federal survey system adopted in the

late eighteenth century imposed a geometric pattern on the landscape.

d. Native American settlement patterns were rectangular.

b. English-speaking settlers replicated the e. there were no mountains or rivers to use as

landscape patterns of England. boundaries.c. Spanish colonists laid out settlements in a

rigid geometric pattern.____ 53. What is another name for a meridian?

a. Line of Longitude d. Poles (North and South)b. Line of Latitude e. Equatorc. Parallel

____ 54. The Spanish language concentration, brought over from Cuba after the communist revolution, of Little Havana in Miami is an example of what type of diffusion.a. hierarchical diffusion d. contageous diffusionb. expansion diffustion e. relocation diffusionc. stimulus diffusion

____ 55. The system that measures the position of an object on earth and stores different types of information about it in layers is called a a. GPS d. space-time prismb. map projection e. physical landscapec. GIS

____ 56. Which of the following is NOT used by geographers to determine absolute location.a. Longitude d. Latitudeb. Prime Meridian e. Equatorc. Distance to the nearest city

____ 57. Each place on earth has a situation, a characteristic referring directly to:a. physical sites d. toponymsb. patterns e. relative locationc. absolute locations

____ 58. Which of the following sets of maps would help explain how scale of inquiry affects truth?a. Maps of the Mississippi river drawn both

by Native Americans and the earliest European explorers

d. Maps showing the different locations of McDonalds restaurants in New York and Los Angeles.

b. Maps showing the area of Mexico before and after surveying

e. Maps showing the number of murders in Chicago before and after the White Sox won the World Series.

c. Maps showing the election results for counties in Illinois and in each of the fifty states.

____ 59. A student who lives in Minneapolis chooses to spend her spring break in Florida rather that in Jamaica because Florida is closer and the plane fare is cheaper. This type of decision making best illustrates the concept of:a. distortion. d. the friction of distance.b. relative direction. e. sence of place.c. spatial perspective.

____ 60. Who first coined the term geography?a. Eratosthenes d. Zheng Heb. Socrates e. Plato

c. Aristotle

____ 61. Which of the following adjectives is not commonly used to describe geographic patterns?a. distributive d. randomb. linear e. all of the above are commonly used

adjectives to describe spatial patterns.c. centralized

____ 62. The azimuthal map best reflects what class of map projection?a. Planar d. Conicb. Oval e. Cylindricalc. Mercator

____ 63. A dot density map is used to:a. show distributions. d. show environmental features.b. show population by state. e. explain election results.c. illustrate resource usage.

____ 64. Perceptual regions:a. describe the range of a good or service. d. are not considered of any importance to

geographers.b. are more vigorously structured than

formal or functional regions.e. define areas only as far as the eye can see.

c. reflect feelings and images rather than objective data.

____ 65. A map that presents a single class of statistics is called a:a. thematic map. d. reference map.b. mental map. e. location map.c. general purpose map.

____ 66. Which of the following is the primary assumption of environmental determinism?a. The physical environment controls human

culture.d. Human destiny is controlled by the

cultural environment.b. The physical environment has little

influence on humans.e. Humans have complete control over the

physical environment.c. Many human adaptations are possible

within a specific human environment.____ 67. What geographical approach suggests that humans possess the ability to dominate their environment rather

than that they are defined by the environment?a. Socioecology approach d. Environmental determinist approachb. Possiblist approach e. Temperate approachc. Animistic approach

____ 68. Which map scale shows the most detail?a. 1:24,000 d. 1:800,000b. 1:250,000 e. 1:100,000c. 1:62,500

____ 69. The distance North and South of the equator is the:a. Prime Meridian. d. global grid system.b. scale. e. latitude.

c. longitude.

____ 70. A Robinson projection distorts:a. size d. all of the above but to a minimal extentb. position e. none of the abovec. shape

____ 71. What is the difference between GPS and GISa. GPS uses GIS data d. GPS is the layering of data, whereas GIS

is the gathering of data.b. GIS is the layering of data whereas GPS is

the gathering of data.e. GPS correlates with GIS, but GIS does not

correlate with GPS.c. GIS uses GPS data to determine location

____ 72. Mathematical calculations using latitude and longitude allow us to determine the a. physical site characteristics of all places

on earthd. arrangement of objects on the earth’s

surfaceb. toponym of a particular place e. relative location of a particular placec. absolute location of a particular place

____ 73. Place names may also be called a. site factors d. perceptual regionsb. toponyms e. artifactsc. isoglosses

____ 74. Which of the following is not a subfield of human geography?a. behavioral d. politicalb. cultural e. atmospherec. economic

____ 75. Distortion can be defined as: a. the willingness of people to travel over a

certain distance on the earth. d. a technique for giving each location on the

earch a corresponding place on a flat surface.

b. a mathmatical formula for translating cultural understandings of mountains

e. the error in accuracy that occurs in all maps

c. the difference in a specific site when viewed from different angles.

____ 76. Which of the following is NOT a physical site characteristic?a. amount of rainfall d. type of vegetationb. the location of a smaller street in relation

to a main streete. type of soil

c. elevation

____ 77. Site refers to the:a. proximity to natural resources d. precise location of the center of a cityb. way people feel about a place. e. external features of a placec. internal locational attributes of place

____ 78. The linking of places by common traits or characteristics is defined as:a. area d. location

b. place e. regionc. zone

____ 79. The idea that people, and not their environment, are the forces that create cultural development is called:a. animism. d. possibilism.b. sycretism. e. cultural ecology.c. environmental determinism.

____ 80. The U.S. government agency most directly responsible for counting and collecting information about the country’s inhabitants is the a. Census Bureau d. Office of Administrationb. Office of Management and Budget e. Federal Reserve Boardc. Department of Health and Human

Services____ 81. The distance between the North and South Poles is:

a. 90 degrees d. 360 degreesb. 450 degrees e. 180 degreesc. 0 degrees

____ 82. Using any map projection, there will always be some distortion because:a. the map scale is changed d. a map has to depict the curved surface of

the three-dimentional on a two-dimensional sheet of paper.

b. some spatial phenomena are not tangible or visible

e. equivalent projections must be distinguished from conformal ones.

c. Peter Frampton was using a wah-wah pedal.

____ 83. What is the term for the phenomenon that the farther a feature moves from a hearth, the less dominant it is?a. Regional analysis d. Central placeb. Sequent occupance e. Distance decayc. Concentric circle

____ 84. This computer system captures, stores, analyzes, and displays data. It measures the position of an object on earth and stores it in a computer along with countless other specific measurements. Each type of information may be stored in a layer, and then layers may be combined to present the overall image.

The computer system identified above would most likely be helpful in solving problems related to:a. core-periphery relationships d. the viability of building houses on

hillsidesb. identification of ethnic settlement patterns e. determination of precise absolute locations

on earthc. navigation of airplanes and ships

____ 85. If it is 12:00 noon Geenwich Mean Time (GMT), what time will it be in Los Angeles, California?a. 7:00 am d. 4:00 amb. 8:00 pm e. 3:00 pmc. 12:00 am

____ 86.The map above, showing U.S. states by population density is an example of:a. a choropleth thematic map d. a Robinson projectionb. an isoline topographic map e. a dot density mapc. a cartogram

____ 87. What does the Peters Projection try to correct from the Mercatur Projection?a. the difficulty of navigation using the

Mercatur projectiond. All of the above

b. relative size of countries and land masses. e. none of the abovec. the shape of continents and oceans.

____ 88. Geographers call the name given to a portion of the Earth’s surface as its:a. toposequence d. topographyb. toponym e. topothemornin’c. topohilia

____ 89. Which term refers to the physical character of a location?a. Place d. Siteb. Situation e. Relative locationc. Absolute location

____ 90. Identify the characteristic of situation.a. direction d. climateb. the location of a place relateive to other

placese. time and place

c. position or status with regards to conditions and circumstances

____ 91. The Mercator projection was invented by a Flemish cartographer in the 16th century with the main purpose of:a. representing absolute and relative

locationsd. more accurately depicting areas in the

high north and south lattitudesb. accurately comparing land masses in

terms of areae. navigating ships across the Atlantic Ocean

between Europe and the Americas.c. correcting distortions of earlier projections

____ 92. What geographical feature usually distinguishes time zones?

a. 6 degrees of Kevin Bacon d. 15 degrees of latitudeb. 5 degrees of latitude e. 15 degrees of longitudec. 5 degrees of longitude

____ 93. What map scale would a cartographer choose if one inch on a map represents 54,000 inches on the ground?a. 1:24,000 d. 54,000:1b. 1:54,000 e. 1:10.23c. 24,000/1

____ 94. If you were measuring the concentration of white Americans using a dot density map, which threshhold would place a greater visual emphasis on rural areas?a. one dot per 150,000 Americans d. one dot per 3000 white Americansb. one dot per 100,000 white e. The proportion is insignificant to the

emphasis. c. one dot per50,000 white Americans

____ 95. If two cities are six inches apart on a map with a scale of 1: 60,200, how far apart are they on the surface of the earth? a. 500 miles d. 200 milesb. 12 miles e. 8 milesc. 5.7 miles

____ 96. Cultural ecology studies the:a. relationship between site and situation. d. interactions between places through space.b. relationship between language and culture. e. interactions between human societies and

the physical environment.c. relationship between different map

projections. ____ 97. Chicago, IL is located on Lake Michigan. Several streets follow the Chicago river that, thanks to human

engineering now flows out of Lake Michigan. These features refer most directly to Chicago’s:a. gentrification d. relative locationb. situation e. gerrymanderingc. site

____ 98. Human geography is best defined as the study of:a. humanity’s ability to impact the earth. d. death and birth rates.b. the impact of the earth on humanity. e. where and why human activities are

located.c. where and why natural forces occur as

they do.____ 99. This computer system captures, stores, analyzes, and displays data. It measures the position of an object on

earth and stores it in a computer along with countless other specific measurements. Each type of information may be stored in a layer, and then layers may be combined to present the overall image.

The statement above refers to which of the following?a. U.S. census tracting d. a GPSb. a GIS e. a local-global continuumc. a spatial data pattern

____ 100. Which of the following modern trends is most directly responsible for the phenomenon of space-time compression?

a. regionalization d. globalization b. acculturation e. fragmentationc. democratization

____ 101. Which of the following makes the most direct use of a series of satellites, tracking stations, and recievers to determine precise location on earth?a. a Peters map projection d. a Robinson map projectionb. a Mercator map projection e. a GPSc. a GIS

____ 102. Arithmetic densitya. is an absolute relationship such as

population per square kilometerd. is more meaningful than physiological

densityb. cannot be used to compare regions e. refers to the number of persons per unit of

arable landc. refers to the amount of farmers per unit of

arable land____ 103. Environmenal determinism was replaced by which approach to geography in the late 20th century?

a. Hierarchical approach d. Possiblist approachb. Vernacular approach e. Stimulus approachc. Distribution approach

____ 104. Which of the following is the BEST reason why the Peters Projection is controversial? a. It exaggerates the size of landmasses the

farthest away from the equator.d. It favors North America and Europe by

making them appear larger than they really are.

b. It does not accurately compare landmasses in terms of area.

e. It distorts the familiar shapes of the continents and other large landmasses.

c. It makes all bodies of water, including oceans, appear larger than they are.

____ 105. The geographer who first calculated the earth’s circumference with relative accuracy wasa. George Perkins Marsh d. Ptolemyb. Carl Sauer e. Eratosthenesc. Idrisi

____ 106. Relative location defines a place in terms of a. similarity to other places d. its distance north or south of the equatorb. place in the arrangement of objects on the

earth’s surfacee. how central or isolated it is in relation to

other placesc. its distance east and west of the prime

meridian____ 107. What type of map has all lines of latitude and longitude meeting at right angles, creating much distortion at

both of the polar regions?a. Mercator projection d. Molleweide projectionb. Azimuthal projection e. Robinson projectionc. Goodes-homsoline projection

____ 108. The essential perspective used by geographers in forming theier concepts is:a. absolute d. spatialb. relative e. temporal

c. human

____ 109. If it is 9 A.M. in New York City, what time would it be in Los Angeles (assuming both are on standard time?a. 10 A.M. d. 1 P.M.b. 6 A.M. e. noonc. 7 A.M.

____ 110. The statement that “the journey to work is 15 minutes by bus” is an example of:a. absolute distance d. relative directionb. absolute direction e. relative distancec. distance decay

____ 111. Which of the following is the most important function of a toponym?a. to define a location relative to other

human and physical features on the landscape

d. to determine precise absolute locations on earth

b. to distinguish a particular place from other places on earth

e. to identify similarities of physical or cultural features within a region

c. to define the mathematical relationship between the size of an area on a map and its acutal size

____ 112. Longetudinal meridians measurea. organization of earth’s surface into

distinct areas that are viewed as different from other areas

d. distance east and west of the prime meridian

b. relative location of bodies of water to land masses

e. distance north and south of the equator

c. arrangement of objects on earth’s surface in relationship to one another

____ 113. Land reclamation in the form of polders and dikes has dramatically changed the ecology of:a. Nicaragua d. The Netherlandsb. Nevada e. Namibiac. North Carolina

____ 114. Which of the following would be best illustrated by a large-scale map?a. connecting highways between towns in a

regiond. major highways that connect regions in a

large countryb. connections among major world cities e. the arrangement of streets in a villagec. major road crossings in a town

____ 115. Taking photoes of Earth from space is also calleda. geographic positioning systems d. geographic information systemsb. aerial photography e. satellite imageryc. remote photography

____ 116. In approximately 365 1/4 days, the earth completes:a. one lunar event. d. one decade.b. one rotation. e. one revolution.c. one leap year

____ 117. Saying, “Louisville, Kentucky is located at 38 degrees north, 85 degrees west” is giving Louisville’s:

a. relative location d. situationb. region e. absolute locationc. site

____ 118. Which of the following distorts sizes on a map to illustrate population differences?a. a cartogram d. a Gall-Peters projectionb. a choropleth thematic map e. a dot density mapc. an isoline topographic map.

____ 119. Which of the following is a disadvantage of a map based on the Mercator projection?a. South America and Africa appear much

larger than they really ared. Sizes of areas, especially those close to the

North and South Poles, are greatly exaggerated

b. True direction is difficult to determine e. Land masses in the southern hemisphere appear to be much smaller than they really are

c. Shapes of land masses in the middle latitudes are greatly distorted

____ 120. Which of the following is a pattern common in the United States because of the land survey techniques adopted under the Ordinance of 1785?a. centralized d. rectilinearb. formal e. linearc. random

____ 121. The visible imprint of human activity is known as:a. the cultural landscape d. the attributes of settingb. spatial interaction e. the natural landscape c. a bird’s-eye view

____ 122. The prime meridian is what degree of longitude?a. 180 degrees d. 45 degrees westb. 90 degrees south e. 45 degrees eastc. 0 degrees

____ 123. An advantage of the Peters map projection is that it a. has curving meridians that curve gently

and avoid extremesd. represents lines of constant compass

bearingb. does not exaggerate the size of areas to the

extreme north and extreme southe. accurately compares land masses in terms

of areac. does not distort shapes

____ 124. What is the best definition of a cognitive or mental map?a. a cognitive map includes information

about human populations.d. none of the above is an accurate

description of a cognitive map. b. a cognitive map provides comprehensive

information about places.e. a cognitive map is drawn from memory.

c. a cognitive map has minimal distortion.

____ 125. Site is one of four ways to identify loction. What are the other three ways to answer the ‘where’ question?a. mathematical location, situation, place-

named. latitude, elevation, place-name

b. climate, topography, altitude e. water sources, soil, vegitationc. language, religion, ethnicity

____ 126. Which of the following would have the smallest map scale?a. Map of Bolivia d. Map of the Solar Systemb. Map of Round Lake e. Map of South Americac. Map of Nebraska

____ 127. All of the following are correct statements about time zones EXCEPT:a. Time zones were established to facilitate

the planting and harvesting of crops. d. The People’s Republic of China has only

one time zone.b. International time zones were established

in 1884 to facilitate international communication.

e. Most time zones are areas about 15 degrees wide.

c. Standard time zones were established in the United States in 1883 to accommodate internal railroad travel.

____ 128. Longitude is to the prime meridian as latitude is to:a. Equator d. South Poleb. North Pole e. Tropic of Cancerc. Tropic of Capricorn

____ 129. The art and science of mapmaking is calleda. territorial morphology d. physical geographyb. cartography e. topographyc. spatial analysis