1 the laws of the game the basic referees’ course (contains the 2007/2008 law changes)

1

The Laws of the Game

The Basic Referees’ Course

(Contains the 2007/2008 Law changes).

2


Law 1 The Field of Play

Suggested time 15 minutes

Law 1 The

Field of Play

3


Aims To introduce and prepare you to deal with:1. How to inspect the ground2. Decide if it is playable3. What action to take if problems arise 4. How to check field measurements5. Purpose of each area6. How to check the goals7. How to check flag posts8. Approved materials9. Variations in measurements and markings10.Illegal markings.

Law 1 The

Field of Play

4


1. How to inspect the ground

• Arrive early in time to rectify problems

• Length exceeds width

• General first check on arrival

• Systematic FOP method of inspection

• Optional mark off field is allowed

10yds / 9.15 from corner arc.

Law 1 The

Field of Play

5


• If doubtful, take action before away team travels

• Markings sufficiently distinctive

• Pace out accuracy

• No danger on surface/appurtenances

• Minimum markings?

• Be practicable – play if possible

• Rain, fading light, lightening?

2. Decide if it is playable

Law 1 The

Field of Play

6


3. What action to take

Seek home club official:

– Ask for defects to be rectified

– Inform official if report sent in

Report to League or Competition

– Unresolved problems if game

played

– If weather prevents or interferes

Law 1 The

Field of Play

7


4. How to check measurements

• Not from within the warm Club house!

• Visually from behind goalmouth.

• Pace out.

• Reach up to crossbar.

• Poor visibility – must see entire

length.

Law 1 The

Field of Play

8


5. Purpose of each area

• Goal area.

• Penalty area.

• Centre circle.

• Penalty arc.

• Corner arc.

• The 2 Halves.

• Boundary lines - goal & touchlines.

Law 1 The

Field of Play

9


6. How to check the goals • Equidistant from corner flag posts

• Portable goals (must be anchored)

• Cup hook advice

• Stability

• Nets may be attached

• Shape of posts & crossbar

• Max 5ins’/12cm same width & depth

• Lines same width as goal structure

• Broken crossbar

Law 1 The

Field of Play

10


7. Checking the flag posts

• Corner flags (compulsory)

• Halfway flags (optional) 1m+

outside

• Size (5ft / 1.5m)

• Danger – non pointed tops

• If no flags are available?

Law 1 The

Field of Play

11


8. Approved material

Goal structure

• Wood/metal or approved

material

• Must be white

Lines

• Sawdust as substitute for goal

line

Law 1 The

Field of Play

12


9. Variations

• Colour of lines (*normally white)

• Poor weather (snow – use darker

lines)

• Small sided

• Girls’ and Women’s Football

• Veterans

• Under 16

• Disabled players

Law 1 The

Field of Play

13


10. Illegal markings

• Illegal markings (goalkeeper’s line)

• Creosote

• No advertising is allowed:

• on the ground, goals, nets,

• within technical areas,

• or one metre from the touchline,

• or between goal line and the nets.

Law 1 The

Field of Play

14


Any Questions? Law 1 The

Field of Play

15


Summary 1. How to inspect the ground.

2. Decide if it is playable.

3. What action to take if problems arise.

4. How to check field measurements.

5. Purpose of each area.

6. How to check the goals.

7. How to check flag posts.

8. Approved materials.

9. Variations in measurements and markings.

10. Illegal markings.

Law 1 The

Field of Play

16


Law 2 The Ball


Law 2 The Ball

17


Aims: Recognising and examining an acceptable

match ball:

1.Dimensions.

2.Materials.

3.When to inspect.

4.Danger.

5.Recognising when ball is defective.

6.Replacement of defective ball.

7.Action to take before restarting game.

Law 2 The Ball

18


1. Dimensions (is spherical) • Circumference - check with piece of

string knotted at 68 and 70 cms.

• Weight - important to check before match; use your judgement (410 - 450gms).General first check on arrival.

• Pressure - feel, bounce on firm surface. (0.6 - 1.1 atmosphere at sea level).

• Variations – size, weight & material.

Law 2 The Ball

19


• Leather or other suitable material.

• Colour?

• FIFA Competition Match balls:

• FIFA APPROVED

• FIFA INSPECTED

• INTERNATIONAL

MATCHBALL STANDARD

2. Materials & FIFA standard

Law 2 The Ball

20


3. When to inspect?

• Reserve / spare balls.

• During stoppages in game.

• Collecting at half and full time.

• Replacement balls.

• Try to complete game if no other ball

available.

• Use the same ball if possible.

Law 2 The Ball

21


4. Aspects of Danger

• Ref’s Duty – conforms to Law 2.

• Check balls before the game.

• Balls provided by home team.

• Obvious dangers are:

– Cuts.

– Unstitched.

– Protrusions.

– Deflated or too hard!

Law 2 The Ball

22


5. Recognising when the ball is defective.

• Appeals from players.

• Check ball when next out of play.

• Signal from Assistant Referee.

• Out of shape.

(won’t roll or fly true).

• New ball check prior to restart.

Law 2 The Ball

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6. Replacement of defective ball• Burst ball – stop the game!• Obtain and check replacement ball.• RESTART:

– If not in play = normal restart.– Play stopped = dropped ball.

• Dropped ball – at *place where ball became defective,– *Exception in goal area.

• Ball may only be changed with Referee’s authority.

Law 2 The Ball

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7. Action to take before restarting game

• Check that ball is safe.

• Players are ready.

• Time lost has been assimilated.

• Signal restart with whistle.

Law 2 The Ball

25


Any Questions? Law 2 The Ball

26


Summary 1.Dimensions.

2.Materials.

3.When to inspect.

4.Danger.

5.Recognising when ball is defective.

6.Replacement of defective ball.

7.Action to take before restarting game.

Law 2 The Ball

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Law 3 The Number of Players


Law 3 The

Number of

Players

28


Aims: To know what comprises a team and

how to effect substitutions.

1. Number of players.

2. Substitutes.

3. Significance of goalkeeper.

4. Referee’s duty.

5. Technical Area.

Law 3 The

Number of

Players

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1. Number of players:

• Normally 11 in each side.

• One must be a goalkeeper.

• Players joining after start of game.

• Wilful infringement of more than 11.

– Caution (or send-off) last player(s).

– Restart with dropped ball.

• Minimum recommended 7.

Law 3 The

Number of

Players

30


1. Number of players:• Players sent off before match:

– Replaced by a named substitute,

– Kick off not to be delayed.

• Substitute sent off before or after the match has started:

– may not be replaced.

• Check player numbers before start.

• Other infringements:

– Stop play and caution.

– Restart with indirect free kick.

Law 3 The

Number of

Players

31


2. Substitutes:

• Official Competitions – max of 3.

• Competition Rules nominated 3 to 7.

• Other matches – no maximum number

• Clubs agree before kick-off,

• Referee to be advised.

• Must be nominated before game.

Law 3 The

Number of

Players

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2. Substitute Procedure:• Referee informed beforehand.

• During a stoppage of play.

• At halfway line.

• Substituted player off before substitute enters.

• Substitute becomes a player when he steps on to the field of play.

• Substitute player then ceases to be a player.

• Takes no further part in the match.

Law 3 The

Number of

Players

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2. Substitute infringements:

• Enters without Referee’s permission:

• Play is stopped.

• Substitute is cautioned,

• Asked to leave the field of play.

• Restart with an Indirect Free Kick.

• IFK taken where ball was.

Law 3 The

Number of

Players

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3. Significance of goalkeeper:

• Goalkeepers kit colour.

• Referee informed of change.

• May be a substitute or another player.

• If not informed, caution both players

during next stoppage.

• Change during stoppage time.

Law 3 The

Number of

Players

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4. Referee's Duty:• Club Officials:

• Irresponsible behaviour.

• Take action when ball is out of play.

• If behaviour interferes with match,

• Ask politely.

• Warn second time, & advise that further trouble not tolerated.

• Amounting to misconduct.

• Inform them they will be reported.

• Send from vicinity of tech area.

Law 3 The

Number of

Players

36


4. Referee's Duty:• Players, substitutes and substituted

players subject to referee's authority

and jurisdiction.

• Player bleeding from wound.

• Assistant Referees’ Role:

• Substitutes.

• Club Officials in Technical Area.

• Bleeding players.

Law 3 The

Number of

Players

37


5. Technical Area:

• Team officials stay in technical area.

• Behave in a responsible manner.

• May convey tactical instructions.

• Return after giving instruction.

• Local football – no Tech Areas.

• practical advice………………

Law 3 The

Number of

Players

38


Any Questions? Law 3 The

Number of

Players

39


Summary

To know what comprises a team and how

to effect substitutions.

1. Number of players.

2. Substitutes.

3. Significance of goalkeeper.

4. Referee’s duty.

5. Technical Area.

Law 3 The

Number of

Players

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Law 4 The Players’ Equipment


Law 4 The Players'

Equipment

41


Aims:

To know what comprises players’

equipment, infringements and

understanding safety aspects:

1. Referee’s Duties.

2. Basic players’ equipment.

3. When and what to look for.

4. Safety aspects.

Law 4 The Players'

Equipment

42


1. Referee’s Duties

• Equipment meets Law 4 requirements.

• Referee sole judge.

• Footwear- some Competitions require

dressing room check.

• No need to stop play at temporary

loss of equipment

(e.g. footwear or shinguards).

• Common sense dictates.

Law 4 The Players'

Equipment

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2. Basic Players’ Equipment Comprises the following separate items:•Jersey or shirt (must have a sleeve).

– The sleeve of any undergarment must be same main colour as the jersey/shirt sleeve.

•Shorts;– Undershorts – must be the same

main colour as the as shorts.•Stockings.•Shinguards - to be covered by socks.•Footwear.Note: Tracksuit trousers for goalkeeper.

Law 4 The Players'

Equipment

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2. Basic Players’ Equipment

• No political, religious or personal

statements allowed on basic equipment.

• Else players will be sanctioned by the

competition organiser or FIFA.

• A player who removes his jersey to

reveal slogans or advertising will be

sanctioned by the competition organiser.

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3. When & what to look for. •Distinguishing colours:

• Goalkeepers, both teams, Referee and Assistant Referees.

•Inspect prior to the game.– Allow time for players to remedy

equipment if possible.•Halftime.•When alerted to an injury by a player.•Rectify before player continues.•Check by referee prior to re-entry.•Game not to be delayed for correction.

Law 4 The Players'

Equipment

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4. Safety aspects.

•Nothing to be worn that is dangerous to other players or to the player.•Footwear:

– Inspect before game.– Inspect substitutes.– Inspect before re-entry if rectified.

Failure to comply – caution;– if play stopped – restart with an

indirect free kick where ball was located when play was stopped.

Law 4 The Players'

Equipment

47


Any Questions? Law 4 The Players'

Equipment

48


Summary

Referees’ Duty.

1. Basic players’ equipment.

2. When and what to look for.

3. Safety aspects.

Law 4 The Players'

Equipment

49


Law 5 The Referee

First Impressions


Law 5 The Referee

First Impression

50


Aims

Aim: Ensure that a Referee is fully

prepared prior to a game.

1. Personal Appearance and

Equipment.

2. Recording match information.

3. What to take out.

4. Acting as timekeeper.

Law 5 The Referee

First Impression

51


1. Personal Appearance and Equipment:

• First impressions count.

• Clean kit.

• Time of kick off.

• Positive clarification regarding

Competition Rules.

Law 5 The Referee

First Impression

52


2. Recording Match Information:• Time keeping.

• What to write down.

• Teams, substitutes, team colours.

• Time of kick.

• Who kicks off.

• Goals as they are scored.

• Room for cautions and send-offs.

• Use shorthand.

Law 5 The Referee

First Impression

53


• Two whistles.

• Two watches.

• Two pencils.

• Note book.

• Coin.

• Yellow and red cards.

• The match ball.

3. What to take out:

Law 5 The Referee

First Impression

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• Check both watches.

• One watch ‘running’ and one stopped

for all stoppages.

• Allowance for time.

4. Acting as timekeeper:

Law 5 The Referee

First Impression

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Any Questions? Law 5 The Referee

First Impression

56


Summary

1. Personal Appearance and

Equipment.

2. Recording match information.

3. What to take out.

4. Acting as timekeeper.

Law 5 The Referee

First Impression

57


Law 5 The Referees Jurisdiction


Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

58


Aims To discuss the Powers and Duties of a Referee:1. Laws and decisions on the Laws.2. Dealing with infringements & misconduct by players.3. Dealing with Club Officials and spectators.4. Interference by outside agents: 5. Powers and Duties.6. Match Report.7. Misconduct by Players.8. Misconduct by Club Officials.9. Misconduct by spectators.

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

59


1. Laws and decisions on the Laws:

• From the kick off.

• Jurisdiction before, during and

after a game.

• How final is the referee's

decision?

• Changing decisions.

• Signals by use of arm, whistle and

voice.

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

60


• When to award an indirect free kick.

• When to award a direct free kick.

• How to know when to caution a

player.

• How to know when to send off a

player.

2. Dealing with infringements & misconduct by players:

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

61

The Laws of the Game• Behaviour of spectators and club

officials.

• Examples of good management skills when communicating with Club Officials.

• Reporting procedures:

• To whom.

• When.

3. Dealing with Club Officials and spectators:

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

62


4. Interference by outside agents:

• Including spectators, animals etc.

• Stopping the game if necessary.

• Method of restart.

• No unauthorised persons to enter the

field of play.

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

63


5. Powers and Duties:

• Enforce the Laws of Association

Football.

• Penalise misconduct including when

the ball is out of play and during

suspensions.

• Ensure unauthorised persons not

entering the field of play.

• Take action against club officials who

offend.

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

64


6. Match Report:

• Referee is the FA representative.

• Duty to report information on any disciplinary action.

• against players, team officials,

• other incidents before, during or after the game,

• inform offender that a report will be submitted.

• Refusal to give a name,

• request help from club official.

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

65


• Offence prior to entering or after leaving the field of play,

• reported as misconduct but no yellow or red card is shown.

• Yellow and red cards shown to players, substitutes and substituted players when an offence happens on the field before, during or after a game including at half time or during the period between full time and extra time.

7. Misconduct by players:

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

66


• Club Assistant refuse to cooperate or interferes with the game:• Dispense with their services and ask for

replacement,• If no-one forthcoming, manage without

and report the offence.• Physiotherapist or trainer on field of play

without permission:• Allow treatment, thank and advise

against repetition,• Report if they are offensive but allow

them to deal with injured players if they are the only ones attached to the Club.

8. Misconduct by Club Officials:

67


• Stop the game if Club Officials encroach on to the field of play:• request they leave but report if

there is repetition or abuse.• Approach a Club Official if a

representative of the Club criticises a match official:• seek co-operation but if it

continues or there is abuse, report to appropriate authority and advise Club.

8. Misconduct by Club Officials:

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

68


• Abuse of match officials or other players:

• Ask politely first time, warn by using a strong word second time and ask Club to remove offender and report incident to authority.

• If severe, the referee has the power to have the offender removed.

• Stop the game if spectators encroach, request they leave but report if there is repetition or abuse.

9.Misconduct by spectators:

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

69


• Decisions of the referee:

• Facts connected with play are final.

• e.g. when a goal is scored and the result of a game.

• Changing a decision only when it is incorrect or on the advice of an assistant provided play has not restarted.

• Punish the more serious offence when two occur simultaneously.

9.Misconduct by spectators:

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

70



Jurisdiction

71


Summary The Powers and Duties of a Referee:

1. Laws and decisions on the Laws.

2. Dealing with infringements & misconduct by players.

3. Dealing with Club Officials and spectators.

4. Interference by outside agents:

5. Powers and Duties.

6. Match Report.

7. Misconduct by Players.

8. Misconduct by Club Officials.

9. Misconduct by spectators.

Law 5 The Referee

Jurisdiction

72


Law 5 The Referee

Applying Advantage


Law 5 The Referee

Advantage

73


Aims Aim: To understand that when an

offence has been committed, the referee has discretion to either stop play or allow it to continue:

1. Definition of advantage.

2. Discretion to stop play.

3. Considerations.

4. Communicating “Advantage.”

5. When to use it wisely.

Law 5 The Referee

Advantage

74


1. Definition of advantage:Law 5 The Referee’s Powers and Duties:

•The referee allows play to continue when the team against which an offence has been committed will benefit from such an advantage…..

•…….and penalises the original offence if the anticipated advantage does not ensue at the time.

Law 5 The Referee

Advantage

75


• Normally stop play and award

appropriate punishment.

• Failure to do so diminishes control

and invites retaliation.

• Distinguishing between fair and

unfair physical challenges.

• Advantage is not just possession of

the ball.

2. Discretion to stop play:

Law 5 The Referee

Advantage

76


• Acting on advice from an assistant

referees where appropriate.

• The credibility factor -who is

better placed?

• Acknowledgment –

pre-arranged signals.

• Assistant referees attached to

Clubs limited involvement -

depending on their level of

creditability and experience.

2. Discretion to stop play:

Law 5 The Referee

Advantage

77


• Severity of offence before applying

the clause.

• Weather conditions, playing surface

and players' ability levels.

• Moods and attitudes of the players.

3. Considerations:

Law 5 The Referee

Advantage

78


4. Communicating Advantage:

• Approved arm signal.

• Recommend use of voice –

“Play on, advantage”…..

• ……meaning there has been an

offence and play is allowed to

continue.

Law 5 The Referee

Advantage

79


5. When to use it wisely:

• More successful in attack when there

is space for the player in possession

to make progress towards goal.

• Applying advantage in defence.

• Applying advantage in attack and

midfield.

Law 5 The Referee

Advantage

80


5. When to use it wisely:

• Awarding a free kick having initially

allowed advantage.

• If advantage does not accrue

within 2/ 3 seconds, stop the play

and penalise the original offence

and shout………………………..

“No advantage.”

Law 5 The Referee

Advantage

81



Advantage

82


Summary To understand that when an offence has been committed, the referee has discretion to either stop play or allow it to continue:Emphasis on ensuring team offended against will benefit from such an advantage.

1. Definition of advantage.

2. Discretion to stop play.

3. Considerations.

4. Communicating “Advantage.”

5. When to use it wisely.

Law 5 The Referee

Advantage

83


Law 5 The Referee Serious Injury


Law 5 The Referee

Serious Injury

84


Aims

Aim: How to deal effectively with

injured players.

1. Power and Duties.

2. Stopping the Game.

3. Bleeding from a wound.

4. Restarting the Game.

5. Recognition and Reporting.

Law 5 The Referee

Serious Injury

85


1. Powers and Duties• Power to suspend or terminate match.

• Stop match if injury appears serious.

• Err on the side of caution.

• Serious injury e.g. broken bones, concussion, blood and torn ligaments.

• Recognition.

• Assess injury on the field of play.

• Removal from the field of play.

• Allow play to continue if player is only slightly injured.

Law 5 The Referee

Serious Injury

86


• Immediately if serious injury.

• Establish seriousness quickly.

• Broken bones, do not remove.

• Signal for trainer if there is one.

• Allow time for assessment.

• Less serious injury - removal once

severity is established

• Injuries to goalkeeper.

• Returning to the field of play.

2. Stopping the Game:

Law 5 The Referee

Serious Injury

87


• Ensure they leave field of play.

• Return when bleeding stopped.

• Who checks?

• On receiving signal from referee.

• Change if kit contaminated.

• Wound still bleeding.

3. Bleeding from a wound:

Law 5 The Referee

Serious Injury

88


• Mental note of position of ball.

• Where was the ball when play was

stopped?

• Was play stopped because there was

a foul?

• Serious infringement of Law?

• Restart watch.

• Time added on to end of half.

4. Restarting the Game:

Law 5 The Referee

Serious Injury

89


• If trainer enters, injured player leaves

field (not goalkeeper).

• Injured player can leave on his own.

• Re-enters on Referee's signal.

• During play – on touchline.

• If play was stopped –

re-enter on any boundary.

• Blood – check before re-entry.

4. Restarting the Game:

Law 5 The Referee

Serious Injury

90


5. Recognition & Reporting:

• Duty of care.

• Legal liability protection - referee not

absolved from responsibility.

• Not always easy, but seek further

information from medical staff.

• Accurate reporting of misconduct

where appropriate in case of possible

legal action by player(s).

Law 5 The Referee

Serious Injury

91



Serious Injury

92


Summary

Aim: How to deal effectively with injured players.

1. Power and Duties.

2. Stopping the Game.

3. Bleeding from a wound.


5. Recognition and Reporting.

Law 5 The Referee

Serious Injury

93


Law 5 The Referee

External Interference


Law 5 The Referee


94


Aims To understand the action that must be taken to suspend and restart play if the game is interfered with. And to know how to deal effectively when there is external interference.


2. Stopping the game.

3. Restarting the game.

4. Reporting responsibilities.

Law 5 The Referee


95


1. Powers and Duties

• Stop match if there is an outside

interference.

• Spectator interference.

• Club officials' interference.

• Animals.

• Deteriorating weather conditions.

Law 5 The Referee


96


• Stop match as soon as awareness of

interference.

• Assess situation. Determine if there

is a threat to the safety of players,

match officials etc.

• Removal of players from field.

• Temporary stoppage - how long?

• Keep open communications with

Club officials.

2. Stopping the Game:

Law 5 The Referee


97


• Ensure safety before restarting.

• Realistic time required to deal with external interference.

• Where was the ball when play was stopped?

• Was play stopped because there was a foul?

• Free kick, dropped ball or other restart?

• Restart watch.

3. Restarting the game:

Law 5 The Referee


98


• Misconduct.

• Competition Rules.

4. Reporting responsibilities:

Law 5 The Referee


99




100


Summary Aim: To understand the action that must be taken to suspend and restart play if the game is interfered with. And to know how to deal effectively when there is external interference.


2. Stopping the game.


4. Reporting responsibilities.

Law 5 The Referee


101


Law 6The Assistant Referees’

Duties


Law 6 Assistant Referees’

Duties

102


Aims

To understand the duties of assistant referees and to recognise the different levels of assistance provided by trained referees and assistant referees attached to Clubs.

1. Duties.

2. Reporting Responsibilities.

3. Assistance.


Duties

103


1. Duties. Subject to the decision of the referee, are to indicate:

• When the whole of the ball has passed

outside the field of play.

• Which side is entitled to a corner kick, goal

kick or throw-in.

• When a player may be penalised for being

in an offside position.

• When a substitution is requested.


Duties

104


1. Duties continued…...

• Misconduct or any other incident out

of the view of the referee.

• Offences committed when the

assistants are closer to the action:

• particularly in penalty area.

• During Penalty kicks:

• ball has crossed the line?

• goalkeeper movement?


Duties

105


1. Duties continued…...

• Referee controls the match in co-operation with the assistant referees and the 4th Official.

• Acts on the advice of assistant referees regarding incidents which the referee has not seen.

• Assistant offers advice, the decision is made by the referee.

• Dispensing with the services of assistant referees.


Duties

106


2. Reporting responsibilities:

• Referee reports misconduct.

• When appropriate for assistant

referee to make a report.

• Some Competition Rules also

require a report from the assistant

referees.


Duties

107


• Limited responsibilities for club

assistant referees.

• Briefing assistants including

assistants attached to clubs.

• Briefing replacement assistants

attached to clubs.

• Acknowledging signals from an

assistant.

3. Assistance:


Duties

108


• Eye contact between referee and

assistant referees.

• Recognising that some assistant

referees are not qualified referees.

• Adjusting their duties to allow for

their level of, experience.

3. Assistance continued…


Duties

109


Any Questions? Law 6 Assistant Referees’

Duties

110


Summary

To understand the duties of assistant referees and to recognise the different levels of assistance provided by trained referees and assistant referees attached to Clubs.

1. Duties.

2. Reporting Responsibilities.

3. Assistance.


Duties

111


Law 5

The Assistant Referees.

Co-operation between Referee and Assistant

Referees



Cooperation

112


Aims To recognise how to develop effective teamwork between referees and assistant referees in order to aid successful match control.

1. Duties.

2. Further Assistance.

3. Approved Signalling.

4. Pre-match briefing.

5. Teamwork.


Cooperation

113


1. Duties subject to the decision of the referee, are to indicate:

• When the whole of the ball has passed outside the field of play.

• Which side is entitled to a corner kick, goal kick or throw-in.

• When a player may be penalised for being in an offside position.

• When a substitute is requested.

• When misconduct or other incident has occurred out of the view of the referee.


Cooperation

114


1. Duties subject to the decision of the referee, are to indicate:

• Offences committed when the assistant is

closer to the action;

– including, in particular circumstances,

offences committed in the penalty area.

• Penalty kicks:

– Has the goalkeeper has moved before

the ball has been kicked?

– Has the ball crossed the line?


Cooperation

115


2. Further Assistance:

• Help to control the match in accordance with the

Laws of the Game.

• Time keeping.

• Infringements.

• Entering the field of play to help control the 9.15m

at free kicks.

• Mass confrontation.

• Importance of maintaining eye contact.


Cooperation

116


3. Approved Signalling:• Throw-ins.

• Corner kicks.

• Goal kicks.

• Offside.

• Substitutions.

• Foul play in the vicinity of assistant.

• Diagonal system of control.

• In line with second last defender.

• Positions at starts and restarts.


Cooperation

117


4. Pre-match briefing:• Using a checklist.• Based on an understanding of Law.• When and where to brief assistants.• Seniority - criteria.• Record keeping - what to note.• Duties before and after the game.• PRACTICAL - delivering the brief.

– Club unqualified Assistant;Adjust duties to allow for level of experience.

– Trained qualified referees.


Cooperation

118


5. Teamwork:• Newly qualified referees may have to act as assistant referees.

• Diagonal system of control.

• Acknowledging signals from assistant.

• Eye contact between referee/assistant .

• Support between all members of team,

– control in accordance with Laws.

• The final decision lies with the referee.

• Senior assistant taking over as referee.

• Entering the field of play to control the 9.15m minimum distance.


Cooperation

119


Any Questions? Law 6 Assistant Referees’

Cooperation

120


Summary To recognise how to develop effective teamwork between referees and assistant referees in order to aid successful match control.

1. Duties.

2. Further Assistance.

3. Approved Signalling.

4. Pre-match briefing.

5. Teamwork.


Cooperation

121


Law 7 The Duration of Play


Law 7 The Duration of

play

122


Aims To understand the length of normal and extra

time, the allowable variations and the required

match records:

1. Powers and Duties of a Referee.

2. Periods of Play.

3. Allowance for Time Lost.

4. Penalty Kick.

5. Competition Rules.

6. Half Time Interval.


play

123


1. Powers & Duties

• Prompt start at each period.

• Referee is sole timekeeper.

• Need for meticulous timekeeping.

• Keeping accurate records.

• Fourth Official.

(show additional time in the final minute

of each period).


play

124


1. Powers & Duties (continued)

Abandoning a game:

• Send report to authority.

• Abandoned match is replayed

unless Comp rules state otherwise.

• Referee has no power to set aside

the Competition Rules.

• Ref. cannot decide result.


play

125


1. Powers & Duties (continued)

• Compensate for ALL time lost.

• Temporary suspension

(weather, crowd trouble etc).

• Referee must report late start.

• Assistant Ref. time down signal.


play

126


• Two equal periods of 45 minutes:Unless mutually agreed.

• If less than 90 mins (equal halves):- Subject to Comp Rules,- Agreed at start of match.

• If half played too short or too long? - Report to authority.

• Time starts when ball is in play at first kick-off.

• Action on discovering short or overtime played.

2. Periods of Play


play

127


3. ALLOWANCE for Time Lost

• Sole discretion of the Referee.

• Time is applied at ends of each half.

• Allow time for:

Substitutions, Weather,

Injuries & and removal of players,

Time wasting (but not using up time!)

• Any other cause.


play

128


4. Penalty Kick awarded at the end of a half time period:

• Time EXTENDED at end of a period of

play.

– To allow penalty kick to be taken. Or

re-taken.

• Half ends when penalty over.


play

129


5. Competition Rules

• ALWAYS - read the Competition Rules.

• Ref has no power to set Rules aside.

• Referee is responsible for consenting to

any alteration of Competition Rules.

• Minimum time allowed is shown in Rules:

• Variations in time for youth, veterans etc.


play

130


5. Competition Rules continued…. • Procedures to determine winner.

• EXTRA Time (Cup Competition).

• Can a Referee decide the result by tossing a coin of drawing lots? NO…………..

• The referee allows a reasonable amount of time for lights to be repaired etc., but if matters do not improve, the result is decided according to competition rules.


play

131


6. Half Time Interval • Players entitled to half time.

• Competition rules must state time.

• Not more than 15 minutes.

• Shorter half-time if darkening sky etc.,

Mutually agreed with Referee.

• Extra-time break between full-time and

extra-time in a Cup match – is at the

Referee’s discretion.


play

132


Any Questions? Law 7 The Duration of

play

133


Summary

1. Powers and Duties of a Referee.

2. Periods of Play.

3. Allowance for Time Lost.

4. Penalty Kick.

5. Competition Rules.

6. Half Time Interval.


play

134


Law 8 The Start & Restart of Play


Law 8 The start and restart of

play

135


Aims To understand how to conduct the coin tossing ceremony and how to start and restart a game correctly:

1. Preparing for the start.

2. The Coin Tossing Ceremony.

3. The Kick Off Definition.

4. Positions at Kick Off.

5. Kick Off Procedure.

6. Kick Off Infringements.

7. The Dropped Ball.

8. Special Circumstances.


play

136


1. Preparing for the start:

• Summoning the captains.

– Don’t forget the ball!

– Positive whistle and body

language.

– Introduce yourself and your

Assistant Referees.


play

137


2. Coin Tossing Ceremony:• Team who wins the toss, decides

which goal to attack.

• Losing team kicks-off in 1st half.

• Note down which team kicks-off.

• Teams change ends in 2nd half.

• Wining team kicks-off 2nd half.

• Extra-time?: Toss the coin again.


play

138


3. The Kick off definition:

A kick off is used:

• To begin a game.

• Or to restart a game, i.e.,…….

– After a goal is scored,

– To begin the 2nd half,

– To begin extra time periods.

• A goal can be scored direct from a

kick off.


play

139


4. Positions at Kick Off:

• Teams must be in own half.

• Opponents at least 9.15m away.

• Referee to check positioning.

• Dealing with players who are

incorrectly placed.

• Position of the Referee.

• Position of Assistant Referees.


play

140


5. Kick Off Procedure:

• Ball stationary on centre mark.

• Referee gives a signal.

• Ball in play when kicked & moves

forwards into the opponents’ half.

• Kicker may not touch the ball a second

time until it has been touched by another

player.


play

141


6. Kick Off Infringements:• Touching the ball a second time

= Indirect Free Kick

where the infringement took place.

• Ball does not move forwards.

= Retake the Kick Off.

• Players not in their own half.


• Any other infringements.



play

142


6. The Dropped Ball:

A dropped ball is a way of restarting play after a temporary stoppage that becomes necessary, while the ball is in play, for any reason not mentioned elsewhere in the Laws of the Game.

If the ball was out of play, when the game was delayed, restart with the natural restart (e.g. a throw-in).


play

143


6. The Dropped Ball: continued

• Taken where ball was located when play

was stopped.

• Procedure used by Referee.

• Number of players involved.

• Unofficial agreement between players –

sporting behaviour.


play

144


6. The Dropped Ball: continued

• Ball in play when it touches the ground.

• Retake if ball goes out of play or is

touched by a player before it hits the

ground.

• Can be touched a second time.


play

145


7. Special Circumstances

A free kick awarded to the defending team inside its own goal area is taken from any point within the goal area.

An indirect free kick awarded to the attacking team in its opponents' goal area is taken from the goal area line parallel to the goal line at the point nearest to where the infringement occurred.

A dropped ball to restart the match after play has been temporarily stopped inside the goal area takes place on the goal area line parallel to the goal line at the point nearest to where the ball was located when play was stopped.


play

146


Any Questions? Law 8 The start and restart of

play

147


Summary

1. Preparing for the start.

2. The Coin Tossing Ceremony.

3. The Kick Off Definition.

4. Positions at Kick Off.

5. Kick Off Procedure.

6. Kick Off Infringements.

7. The Dropped Ball.

8. Special Circumstances.


play

148


Law 9 The Ball In and Out of Play


Law 9 The ball in and out of play

149


Aims

To recognise when the ball is in and

also out of play:

1. Principle.

2. Whole of the ball.

3. Rebounding into play.


150


1. Principle: • Whole of the ball leaving field of play

over the goal line or touchline.

• The ball is in play unless it leaves the

field of play or the game is stopped by the

Referee.

• Concept of ball out of play, i.e.,

– Lines extend upwards indefinitely

– Ball curving out and back in play.


151


2. Whole of the ball:• The WHOLE of the ball must travel over the

boundary line.

• Goal line outside of goal.

• Inside the goal and spinning out.

• Importance of Referee’s position.

• A free kick cannot be awarded for an

infringement that occurs when the ball is out of

play. The ball must be in play.


152


3. Rebounding into play:• From:

• The Referee,

• Assistant Referee standing on

the touchline or goal line,

• Goalposts/crossbar,

• Corner Flag post,

• Halfway flag post,

• From a spectator.


153


Any Questions? Law 9 The ball in and out of play

154


Summary

1. Principle.

2. Whole of the ball.

3. Rebounding into play. Law 9 The ball in and out of play

155


Law 10 The Method of Scoring


Law 10 The method of

scoring

156


Aims To recognise when a goal has been scored:

1. Principle.

2. When a goal is NOT scored.

3. Scoring a goal.

4. The Referee’s responsibility.

5. Misconduct.

6. Miscellaneous.


scoring

157


1. Principle: • Under no circumstances can a goal be allowed if the ball has not completely entered the goal.

• Consider Competition Rules for matches ending in a draw: e.g. Extra Time, Away goals rule, Kicks from the penalty mark.

• Ball is out of play when it travels completely over the goal line inside goal.

• Restart is by kick-off.


scoring

158


2. When a goal is NOT scored:• The WHOLE of the ball does not travel

completely over the goal line inside the goal.

• Direct from any indirect free kick.

• Direct from any Free Kick by the kicker into

the kicker’s own goal.

• A Throw-in.

• Foul play committed by attacking team.


scoring

159


3. Scoring a Goal:

• A goal is scored, when the whole of

the ball passes over the goal line,

between the posts, and under crossbar.

• Provided that no infringement of the

Laws of the Game has been committed

previously by the team scoring the

goal.


scoring

160


4. The Referee’s Responsibility:• VITAL that Referee and Assistant are in best possible position to judge a goal.• Signals by referee.• Importance of recording all goals.• Confirmation from Assistant Referee – i.e., agreed signal and body language.• If necessary, Referee can consult Assistant Referee.• A decision may be reversed provided match has not been restarted.


scoring

161


5. Misconduct:

• Use of the advantage clause when a

goal has been scored after it has been

deliberately handled by a defender.

• Ball enters the goal after deliberate

handling by defender (not goalkeeper) -

goal or penalty kick?

• A player who deliberately handles the

ball when it denies an obvious goal

scoring opportunity, must be sent off.


scoring

162


6. Miscellaneous:

• Beware the goalkeeper catching the ball

over the goal line or moving the ball over

the goal line in action of throwing it out.

• Ball goes into the goal after interference

by outside agency (spectator)?

In normal play:

Restart with a dropped ball

During a penalty kick:

Retake the penalty kick.


scoring

163


Any Questions? Law 10 The method of

scoring

164


Summary

1. Principle.

2. When a goal is NOT scored.

3. Scoring a goal.

4. The Referee’s responsibility.

5. Misconduct.

6. Miscellaneous.


scoring

165


Law 11 Offside – Facts & Offences


Law 11 Offside

Facts and Offences

166


Aims

To understand the facts and offences of

Law 11 Offside:

1. Facts.

2. Involved with active play.

3. Not in an offside position.

4. No offside offence.

Law 11 Offside

Facts and Offences

167


1. Facts:

• Offside is in the opinion of the Referee.

• A player is in an offside position if he is

nearer to his opponents’ goal line than

BOTH the ball AND the second last

opponent.

• It is not an offence to be in an offside

position.

Law 11 Offside

Facts and Offences

168


1. Facts: continued….

• The offside judgement is made at the

moment (i.e. the instant) that the ball is

played by, or strikes or touches a

member of the player’s team.

• The restart is an indirect free kick….

• to be taken where the offside

infringement occurs.

Law 11 Offside

Facts and Offences

169


2. Involved with active play:

• An offside player is only penalised if he is:

– Interfering with play.

– Interfering with an opponent.

– Gaining an advantage by being in

that position.

• It only becomes an offence if one of the

above three factors applies.

Law 11 Offside

Facts and Offences

170


3. NOT in an offside position:

A player is NOT in an offside position if

he is:

• In his own half of the field of play.

• Level with the second last

opponent.

• Level with the last two opponents.

Law 11 Offside

Facts and Offences

171


4. No offside offence:

There is no offside offence if a player

receives the ball direct from:

• A goal kick.

• A throw-in.

• A corner kick.

Law 11 Offside

Facts and Offences

172


Any Questions? Law 11 Offside

Facts and Offences

173


Summary

1. Facts.


3. Not in an offside position.

4. No offside offence.

Law 11 Offside

Facts and Offences

174


Law 11 Offside – Practical

Application.


Law 11 Offside

Practical Application

175


Aims To understand when a player in an offside position commits an offence, and to know how to correctly signal.:

1. When to penalise a player.


3. Involved with an opponent

4. Gaining an advantage.

5. Judging an offence.

6. Signalling an offence.

7. Positioning.

8. Cooperation.


Law 11 Offside


176


1. When to penalise a player:

• An offside player is only penalised

if he is involved in active play by:

– Interfering with play.

– Interfering with an opponent.

– Gaining an advantage by being

in that position.

• It only becomes an offence if one of

the above three factors applies.

Law 11 Offside


177


2. Interfering with play:

• Interfering with play means playing or

touching the ball passed or touched by

a team-mate.

Referee can allow play to continue, if a

player is in an offside position but is

not interfering with play.

Law 11 Offside


178


3. Interfering with an opponent:• Interfering with an opponent, means preventing an opponent from playing or being able to play the ball, by clearly obstructing the opponent’s line of vision or movements, or making a gesture or movement which, in the opinion of the Referee, deceives or distracts an opponent.

For example, when clearly obstructing the line of vision of a goalkeeper. Or gesturing or movement whilst in the path of the ball to deceive or distract .

Law 11 Offside


179


4. Gaining an advantage:• Gaining an advantage by being in that position, means playing a ball that rebounds to him off a post or the crossbar, having been in an offside position, or playing a ball that rebounds to him off an opponent, having been in an offside position.

For example: Rebound from crossbar to the same offside player or offside colleague who subsequently scores.

Conversely, a player walking away maybe indicating he is not involved.

Law 11 Offside


180


5. Judging an offence:

• It can be difficult to judge an offence.

• Be clear and confident.

• Need for effective positioning

• High level of concentration and

awareness required.

Law 11 Offside


181


6. Signalling an offence:

• Signals by Referee.

• Signals by Assistant Referees.

• Referee with no Assistant Referee.

• Referee with Assistant Referees

attached to the Football Clubs.

• Referee with neutral Assistant

Referees.

Law 11 Offside


182


7. Positioning:

• The Referee’s diagonal patrol path.

• Referee with no Assistant Referee.

• Referee with Assistant Referees

attached to the Football Clubs.

• Referee with neutral Assistant

Referees.

• Assistant Referees keeping in line with

second last defender.

Law 11 Offside


183


8. Cooperation:

• Importance of eye contact between

Referee and Assistant Referee.

• Action by Assistant Referee if the

Referee misses a flag signal.

• Acknowledgement by Referee when

overruling an offside flag signal.

Law 11 Offside


184


9. Restarting the game:

• Indirect Free Kick to defending team

from where the offender was when the

bal was played.

• Restart any where In the goal area.Law 11 Offside


185


Any Questions? Law 11 Offside


186


Summary 1. When to penalise a player.


3. Involved with an opponent

4. Gaining an advantage.

5. Judging an offence.

6. Signalling an offence.

7. Positioning.

8. Cooperation.


Law 11 Offside


187


Law 12 Fouls and Misconduct –

Direct Free Kick Offences


Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Direct Free

Kick Offences

188


Aims

To recognise penal offences and

understand how and when to punish them:

1. Introduction.

2. Action by the Referee.

3. Ten Direct Free Kick offences.

4. Specific details of each offence.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

189


1. Introduction:

• A goal may be scored directly - but

only against opponents.

• Provided the ball is in play, a direct

free kick is awarded irrespective of the

position of the ball.

• Direct Free Kick offences are called

'Penal Offences' because if committed

by defending players in their own

penalty area a penalty kick is awarded.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

190


2. Action by the Referee:

• Signals by Referee and Assistants.

• Punishment - when there is a direct

free kick only.

• And when it will be necessary to take

disciplinary action.

• Knowing when to award a penalty kick.

• Restarting play by the defending team

anywhere in their own goal area

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

191


2. Action by the Referee:

• Action to be taken when major

offences are committed outside the

penalty area with the ball in play.

• Action taken when these penal

offences are committed in the penalty

area with the ball in play.

• i.e. The position of the ball is

irrelevant.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

192


3. The 10 Direct Free Kick Offences: A player who commits any of the following six offences in a manner considered by the Referee to be careless, reckless or using excessive force:

1. kicks or attempts to kick an opponent.

2. trips or attempts to trip an opponent.

3. jumps at an opponent.

4. strikes or attempts to strike an opponent.

5. charges an opponent.

6. pushes an opponent.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

193


3. The 10 Direct Free Kick Offences: Or commits any of the following four offences:

7. tackles an opponent for possession of the ball making contact with the opponent before touching the ball.

8. holds an opponent.

9. spits at an opponent.

10. handles the ball deliberately, etc. (not the goalkeeper in his own penalty area). The basis of these four offences shall be that the act has been seen to be made.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

194


3. The 10 Direct Free Kick Offences: 1. Kicks or attempts to kick.2. Trips or attempts to trip.3. Jumps.4. Charges.5. Strikes or attempts to strike.6. Pushes.7. Tackles making contact with the opponent before touching the ball.8. Holding.9. Spiting.10. Handles the ball deliberately.

1-6:carelessly, recklessly or by using excessive force.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

195


4. Specific details of each offence: • For the first 6 Direct Free Kick offences, the severity of the offender's actions has to be judged in terms of careless, reckless or using excessive force.

• This determines whether a caution or a dismissal is also required.

As a ‘rule of thumb’:

• Careless = a warning.

• Reckless = a caution.

• Using excessive force = a sending-off

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

196


Specific details of each offence: 1. Kicks or attempts to kick an opponent.

Definition: 'To strike out with the foot .... blow given with the foot’:

• Slightest examples qualifies.

• May be tactical in nature, causing an opponent to falter when chasing for loose ball (e.g.: ankle tap, heel kick).

• A failed kick is just as guilty.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

197


Specific details of each offence: 2. Trips or attempts to trip an opponent.

Definition: 'Cause to fall or attempt to cause to fall’:

• Usually by using a foot but any body part may be used.

• For example: hand, thigh, body, back – stooping etc.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

198


Specific details of each offence: 3. Jumps at an opponent.

• Must be at an opponent, not the ball.

• Watch for prime indicators.

(e.g.: offender's eyes, direction of jump).

• A jump landing with both feet in front of

the ball can be dangerous and can be

judged to be jumping at an opponent.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

199


Specific details of each offence: 3. Jumps at an opponent. Continued…..

• Some jumps into the tackle may not be

dangerous, and thus cannot be

construed as jumping at an opponent.

• Each case must be judged on the

circumstances.

• A player may jump to head a ball, and

in so doing collide with an opponent

without committing an offence.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

200


Specific details of each offence:

4. Charges an opponent.

• Fair charge is at normal contact speed.

• Anything faster may be deemed, in the opinion of the referee. careless, reckless or using excessive force.

• Charge delivered to anywhere other than the area of the shoulder or upper arm puts the opponent in danger.

• Also, consider if the opponent is braced to receive the charge.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

201



5. Strikes or attempts to strike opponent.

Definition: ‘A blow delivered with hand or arm’.

• Slightest example qualifies (e.g.: one finger in the right place at the right time)

• Tactical in nature: e.g.. falters, loses race for ball.

• A failed strike is just as guilty.

• Includes goalkeeper using the ball to strike a player.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

202



6. Pushes an opponent.

• Usually done by using the hand.

• But push also possible using the thigh,

stomach, backside and torso etc.

• Slightest example qualifies.

• Pushing and holding are offences are

sometimes confused with the Indirect

Free Kick offence of impeding.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

203



Four Offences that are committed when the act has been seen to be made.

7. When tackling makes contact with opponent before ball:

• Take note of where the first contact is made (on the ball or the player?)• An opponent who falls over the ball after a clean tackle on the ball has not been fouled.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

204



8. Spits at an opponent:

• Spitting at an opponent is also a sending off offence in its own right.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

205



9. Holds an opponent:

Definition: “Keep fast, grasp ... keep in

same place.”

• Clutching opponent's arm or shirt.

• Hand not important, the concept is:

• Hence holding with body (leaning

against), arm (detaining), wrist (on

shoulder preventing jump), foot (on

opponent's foot preventing jump) etc.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

206



10. Deliberately handles the ball (except by goalkeeper in own penalty area):• With any part of hand or arm.• Handles includes carries, strikes, propels.• Beware of penalising when the ball accidentally contacts hand or arm. • If not deliberate, ball falling to player's favour is immaterial.• Handball is the only direct free kick offence not against an opponent.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

207


Any Questions? Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

208


Summary 1. Introduction.


3. Ten Direct Free Kick offences.

4. Specific details of each 10 offences.

1. Kicks; 2. Trips; 3. Jumps; 4. Charges; 5. Strikes; 6. Pushes; 7. Tackles making contact with the opponent before touching the ball; 8. Holding; 9. Spiting; 10. Handles the ball deliberately.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

209



Indirect Free Kick Offences

Dangerous Play


Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Indirect Free

Kick Offences

Dangerous Play

210


Aims

To recognise playing situations that are

dangerous:

1. Definition of dangerous.

2. Examples.


Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Dangerous Play

211


1. Definition of dangerous: • ‘In the opinion of the referee’.

• Arises by chance or 'unfortunately’.

• Player may not intend to injure an

opponent, but it is still an offence.

• Any playing situation which makes

referee wince!

• Dangerous implies players in a

situation or where opponent might be

expected to 'close' with offender.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Dangerous Play

212


• Lack of awareness of other players.

• Danger created inadvertently by the

movement of an opponent over which

the 'offender' has no control.

• When actions amount to a penal

offence as opposed to dangerous play?

• Excludes practices accepted as

normal part of the game,

(e.g. goalkeeper diving).

1. Definition of dangerous:

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Dangerous Play

213


2. Examples:

• Raising foot / feet too high.

• Lowering head to a kickable ball.

• Overhead kick in proximity of other

player(s) which puts opponent at risk.

• Goalkeeper jumping for ball, knees or

feet up toward oncoming attacker.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Dangerous Play

214


2. Examples: continued…..

• Weather, elements, ground

conditions may turn a fair challenge

inadvertently into one that is

dangerous to an opponent.

• Playing dangerously close to a

goalkeeper.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Dangerous Play

215


3. Restarting the game: • An Indirect Free Kick is awarded.• When additional punishment may be required. i.e. A quiet word or stronger reaction as appropriate.• Indirect free kick to opposing team is taken from where the offence occurred.• Special Circumstances within the player's own goal area.• Arm signals: (Arm raised until ball touches another player from the indirect free kick, or the ball goes out of play).

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Dangerous Play

216




Kick Offences

Dangerous Play

217


Summary

1. Definition of dangerous.

2. Examples.

3. Restarting the game.Law 12.

Fouls and Misconduct. Indirect Free

Kick Offences

Dangerous Play

218



Free Kick Offences.

Impeding the Progress of an Opponent


Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Impeding

219


Aims To recognise impeding the progress of an opponent as an offence and to recognise when it becomes an offence to prevent the opposing goalkeeper to release the ball into play:

1.Introduction.

2.Impeding offences.

3.Screening and shielding the ball.

4.Action by Referee.

5.Signalling and Positioning.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Impeding

220


1. Introduction.

• Difference between the technical

offence of 'Unfair Impeding and penal

offence of 'Holding’.

• There is no intended physical contact

when impedance offences occur.

• The importance of making a judgment

on a player's action according to the

situation.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Impeding

221


2. Impeding Offences.

• Running between opponent and ball.

• Interposing body - standing, walking.

• Running ahead of opponent, willfully

slowing down.

• Prevents the goalkeeper from

releasing the ball from his hands.

• To unfairly hinder goalkeeper putting

ball into play.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Impeding

222


3. Screening / shielding ball.

• Controlling ball within playing distance

= OK;

• provided that no holding occurs.

• A player within playing distance of the

ball CANNOT commit impeding.

• Principle - to deny opponent access to

ball.

• Prevents also means crowds' or

‘restricts’ access to the ball.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Impeding

223



• Punishment - Indirect free kick to

team of impeded player –

• from where the offence occurred

(Remember Law 8 - Special

Circumstances)

• Possible further action against

offender depending on the nature of the

offence.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Impeding

224


5. Signalling & Positioning.

•Correct signals with arm raised and

whistle.

• Signals by an assistant referee.

• Positioning of referee vital to get good

viewing angle.

• Implications of fitness.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Impeding

225




Kick Offences

Impeding

226


Summary

1. Introduction.

2. Impeding offences.

3. Screening and shielding the ball.

4. Action by Referee.

5. Signalling and Positioning.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Impeding

227



Indirect Free Kick Offences

Offences by a Goalkeeper


Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

By a Goalkeeper

228


Aims

To recognise those offences that can

only be committed by a goalkeeper:

1. Introduction.

2. Four possible offences.


Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

By a Goalkeeper

229


1. Introduction:

A goalkeeper is allowed to deliberately

touch the ball with his hands in his own

penalty area, but there are four general

exceptions to this……

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

By a Goalkeeper

230


2. Four possible offences: 1.Taking more than 6 seconds while

controlling the ball with his hands before releasing it from his possession.

• From the moment the ball is under control, after 6 seconds, must release the ball to another player.

• Possession includes touching with hand or arm, or parrying, but not ball rebounding after a save.

• The essence is speed into play, use common-sense if essence is achieved.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

By a Goalkeeper

231


2. Four possible offences:

2. Touches the ball again with his hands

after it has been released from his

possession and has not touched

another player.

• Goalkeeper is allowed to parry the ball

when making a save and then pick it up.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

By a Goalkeeper

232



3. Touches the ball with his hands after

it has been deliberately kicked to him by

a team-mate.

• No offence if goalkeeper handles a ball

that has been passed to him by a team-

mate by being headed, played with the

thigh, knee or with the chest.

• Players circumventing the Laws.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

By a Goalkeeper

233



4. Touches the ball with his hands after it

has received it directly from a throw-in

taken by a team-mate. Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

By a Goalkeeper

234


2. Restarting the game: • An Indirect Free Kick is awarded to the

attacking team.

• Taken from where the goalkeeper

committed the offence.

• Special Circumstances within the

goalkeeper’s own goal area.

• When additional punishment may be

required. i.e. A quiet word or stronger

reaction as appropriate.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

By a Goalkeeper

235


2. Restarting the game: continued…

• Arm signals: (Arm raised until ball

touches another player from the indirect

free kick, or the ball goes out of play).

• Goalkeeper deliberately touching the

ball with his hands OUTSIDE of his own

penalty area = a DIRECT Free Kick.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

By a Goalkeeper

236




Kick Offences

By a Goalkeeper

237


Summary

1. Introduction.

2. Four possible offences.

3. Restarting the game.Law 12.


Kick Offences

By a Goalkeeper

238



Indirect Free Kick Offences Other Indirect Free Kick

Offences


Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Other Offences

239


Aims To recognise the situation where a player

commits an offence by playing the ball a

second time before another player touches it,

and to consider any other offence resulting

in the award of an indirect free kick:

1. Introduction.

2. Technical Offences.


Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Other Offences

240


1. Introduction:

• Indirect free kick offences are referred

to as 'technical offences' as opposed to

‘penal offences’.

• The ball must be in play.

• Commits any other offence, not

previously mentioned in Law 12, for

which play is stopped to caution or

dismiss a player.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Other Offences

241


1. Introduction: continued…

• When awarding an Indirect Free kick,

consider a possible admonishment or

caution depending on the nature of the

offending player's actions.

• If two offences are committed

simultaneously by the same player,

punish the more serious of the two.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Other Offences

242


2. Technical Offences:• When the Referee has stopped the game to caution or send off a player where no other offence has occurred; e.g. dissent or abusive language.

• Simulation (diving) anywhere on the field of play which is intended to deceive the Referee.

• Using a deliberate trick to circumvent the Law relating to passing the ball to his own goalkeeper.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Other Offences

243


2. Technical Offences:

• A player must not play the ball a

second time before it is played by

another player.

• This applies at: a kick off, goal

kick, corner kick, free kick,

penalty kick and throw-in etc.

• Award an Indirect Free Kick.

• If handled = a Direct Free Kick.

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Other Offences

244


3. Restarting the game: • With an Indirect Free Kick.

• Taken from where the offence was

committed the offence.

• Special Circumstances within the goal

areas.

• Arm signals: (Arm raised until ball

touches another player from the indirect

free kick, or the ball goes out of play).

Law 12. Fouls and


Kick Offences

Other Offences

245




Kick Offences

Other Offences

246


Summary

1. Introduction.

2. Technical Offences.

3. Restarting the Game.Law 12.


Kick Offences

Other Offences

247



Caution Offences


Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

248


Aims

To recognise caution offences and

understand how and when to punish

them:

1. Introduction.

2. Punishment and restarts.

3. Offences in more detail.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

249


1. Introduction: Law 12 states:

A player is cautioned and shown a yellow card if he commits any of the following seven offences

C1 Is guilty of unsporting behaviour.

C2 Shows dissent by word or action.

C3 Persistently infringes the Laws of the Game. C4 Delays the restart of play.

C5 Fails to respect the required distance when play is restarted with a corner kick, free kick or throw-in.

C6 Enters or re-enters the field of play without the referee's permission.

C7 Deliberately leaves the field of play without the referee's permission.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

250


1. Introduction: continued….

Mnemonic PUDDLEDPersistently infringes the Laws of the Game.

Unsporting behaviour.

Delays the restart of play.

Dissent by word or action.

Leaves deliberately the field of play without the referee's permission.

Enters or re-enters the field of play without the referee's permission.

Distance (fails to respect) when play is restarted with a corner kick, free kick or throw-in.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

251



Note: There are three offences for which a

substitute or substituted player is cautioned:

A substitute or substitute player is cautioned.

and shown the yellow card if he commits any of

the following three offences.

1. Is guilty of unsporting behaviour.

2. Shows dissent by word or action.

3. Delays the restart of play.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

252



• Player-management can prevent a

caution becoming necessary.

• Misconduct Report to be sent to the

appropriate authority within two days

(Sundays excluded).

• A referee is empowered to take

disciplinary action from the moment he

enters the field of play until he leaves

the field of play after the final whistle.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

253



• A caution may be issued when the ball is in play or, in some circumstances, when it is out of play.• All misconduct MUST be reported to the appropriate authority.• Strategies that may be employed by a Referee to prevent a caution.• Certain offences leave the referee with no alternative other than to caution:(e.g. simulation, shirt removing)• Advice on good practice when issuing a caution.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

254


2. Punishments and restarts:

• Caution offender and show a yellow

card as per the guidelines in 'Advice on

the Application of the Laws of the

Game’.

• If play is stopped for a twelfth player

on the field of play - dropped ball from

where it was when the game was

stopped.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

255



• If the game is stopped to administer a

caution, restart with an indirect free kick

to the opponent from where the ball was

when play was stopped. (Remember

Special Circumstances - Law 8).

• If the ball is out of play restart

according to circumstances.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

256


2. Punishments and restarts:• When a player requests permission to

enter the field of play, the referee need

not wait for stoppage.

• Except………….

• In the case of player told to rectify

or remove dangerous item.

• Or when a player is ready to

return to the field of play following

an injury involving bleeding.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

257


3. Offences in more detail:

Offence C1: Is guilty of Unsporting

behaviour.

Not necessarily an offence against written

Law, but against Spirit of the Law, e.g.:

• Deliberately commits an offence and

thereby prevents an attacking move.

• Goalkeeper deliberately lies too long on

the ball.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

258



C1:Unsporting Behaviour examples.

• Deliberately handles the ball, attempting

to prevent a goal but fails to do so.

• Deliberately handles the ball, preventing

the development of a move possibly

leading to a goal scoring opportunity.

• Player simulates action that is intended

to deceive the referee – e.g. feigns injury

or falls over as if tripped.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

259


3. Offences in more detail:Concept - bad sportsmanship, for example

• Using a colleague's shoulders to get up to head ball.

• Unseemly gesture to spectator giving abuse - not offensive or abusive gesture.

• Penal offence (not violent conduct) against a colleague, e.g. pushes him.

• Deliberate trick to circumvent the Law.

• Holding or pulling an opponent's shirt or shorts blatantly, which gains the offending team an unfair advantage.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

260



C2: Shows Dissent by Word or Action:

Concept = deliberately shows dissent to

Referee or Assistant Referee, for example

• Challenges referee's authority and

invites others to follow suit - be firm.

• Dissent may be vocal or by action.

• Beware of cautioning for

spontaneous frustration, or non-

demonstrative appeal.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

261


3. Offences in more detail:C3: Persistently Infringes the Laws:Persistent offending by an individual player. For example:• Commits several offences in close proximity to one another.•Frequency of offences but no set quantity• When referee is aware, advise player firmly - but if unsporting behaviour or a sending off offence, act accordingly.• Having advised a player, Referee must caution the offender following the next serious offence or the second minor offence, otherwise respect is diminished.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

262


3. Offences in more detail:C4 Delays the restart of play: Examples: • Player stands over the ball, or moves to within 9.15 metres of the free kick.• Kicking or carrying the ball away at the award of a free kick against his side.• Player deliberately encroaches to frustrate or delay a free kick.• Repositioning ball within the goal area.• Undue 'directions' to team mates before the kick.• Wilfully stopping a goal kick when it has not left the player’s own penalty area.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

263



C5: Fails to respect the required distance

when play is restarted with a corner kick,

free kick or throw-in:

• Player(s) who move within 9.15m at a

corner or free kick before the ball has

been kicked.

• Opponents who move within 2m of a

throw-in when it is being taken.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

264



C6: Entering or re-entering the field of

play without the referee's permission:

• A player should wait on touchline and

attract the referee's attention.

• When a Referee gives ‘Permission‘, it

must be an 'unmistakable signal'.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

265



C7: Deliberately leaves the field of play

without the referee's permission

• 'Deliberately Leaves,' does not apply to

accidental or tactical leaving – the

offence is the intent to 'deliberately leave

the game': including temporarily.

• Restart - If play stopped by referee to

deliver caution, indirect free kick to

opponent where the offence occurred.

Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Caution

Offences

266



Misconduct. Caution

Offences

267


Summary

1. Introduction.


3. Offences in more detail.Law 12.

Fouls and Misconduct.

Caution Offences

268


Law 12 Fouls and Misconduct – Sending Off Offences


Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Sending Off

Offences

269


Aims To recognise caution offences and understand how and when to punish them:

1. Introduction.


3. Offences in more detail.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

270



A player, substitute or substituted player

is sent off if he commits any of the

following seven offences:

S1: Is guilty of serious foul play.

S2: Is guilty of violent conduct.

S3: Spits at an opponent or any other

person.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

271



S4: Denies the opposing team a goal or an obvious goal-scoring opportunity by deliberately handling the ball (this does not apply to a goalkeeper within his own penalty area).

S5: Denies an obvious goal-scoring opportunity to an opponent moving towards the player's goal by an offence punishable by a free kick or penalty kick.

S6: Uses offensive or insulting or abusive language and / or gestures.

S7: Receives a second caution in the same match.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

272


1. Introduction: continued….

Violent (Violet’s)

Second

Hand

Goal-scoring

Spit is

Seriously

Offensive.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

273



• Player-management can prevent a

sending off becoming necessary.

• Misconduct Report to be sent to the


(Sundays excluded).

• A referee is empowered to take

disciplinary action from the moment he

enters the field of play until he leaves

the field of play after the final whistle.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

274



• A sending off may be issued when the ball is in play or, in some circumstances, when it is out of play.• All misconduct MUST be reported to the appropriate authority.• Strategies that may be employed by a Referee to prevent a sending off.• Certain offences leave the referee with no alternative other than to send off:(e.g. violent conduct; spitting etc.)• Advice on good practice when issuing a sending off.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

275



• Send off offender and show a red card

as per the guidelines in 'Advice on the

Application of the Laws of the Game’.

• If a game is stopped to send off a

player without a separate offence

committed, restart with an indirect free

kick to the opponents from where the

offender was (e.g. abusive language).

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

276



• If the ball is out of play, restart

according to circumstances.

• Players who are sent off must leave

the vicinity of the field of play and the

technical area.

• Player or substitute guilty of a

cautionable offence, but before he is

cautioned, commits another cautionable

offence, he must be sent off.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

277



• A Referee may act on Assistant

Referee’s information.

• A report from the Assistant Referee

would be required in addition to the

Referee's Misconduct Report.

• Care should be exercised when this

assistance is received from an Assistant

Referee who is attached to a Club.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

278


3. Offences in more detail:Offence S1: Is guilty of serious foul play.

Serious Foul Play is misconduct of an extreme nature against opponent in a playing situation.

For example:

• Striking or kicking an opponent with intent to hurt or injure.

• Physical challenges delivered at speed, from a distance & with no regard for the safety and welfare of opponent.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

279



S2: Is guilty of violent conduct:

• Violent conduct is misconduct of an

extreme nature against opponent when

NOT in a playing situation.

• Or against a colleague, officials or

spectators at any time.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

280



S3: Spits at an opponent or any other

person:

• Ensure that the spiting act is deliberate

before applying this sanction.

• Spitting is a penal offence, so if play is

stopped, the restart is a Direct Free Kick

or a Penalty Kick.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

281


3. Offences in more detail:S4: Denies the opposing team a goal or an obvious goal-scoring opportunity by deliberately handling the ball (this does not apply to a goalkeeper within his own penalty area): • Ensure that the denial of a goal or goal-scoring opportunity is obvious:• Consider the distance from the goal?• The number of defenders who may be in a position to intercept the ball? • If the player has the ball clearly under his control? • The direction of the player's movement in relation to the goal?

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

282


3. Offences in more detail:C5: Denies an obvious goal-scoring opportunity to an opponent moving towards the player's goal by an offence punishable by a free kick or penalty kick:

• Ensure that the denial is obvious, consider the distance from the goal, the number of defenders, if the player has the ball clearly under his control and the direction of the player's movement in relation to the goal.

• When a player intentionally impedes an opponent, this can be an indirect free kick AND a sending off, if a goal scoring opportunity was also denied.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

283



S6: Uses offensive or insulting or

abusive language and / or gestures:

• Abuse can only be directed at a person

and totally denies the concept of

sportsmanship.

• If loud enough for Referee to hear, send

off.

• May be directed at a match official,

player, coach, spectator etc.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

284


3. Offences in more detail:S6: Uses offensive or insulting or abusive language and / or gestures:

• Be pro-active when interpreting offensive, insulting or abusive language.

• Never shirk taking the ultimate course of action if the situation demands it.

• Remember that some players in certain environments often use bad language.

• Gestures towards match officials which are not offensive, may be dealt with as showing dissent by action (a caution).

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

285


3. Offences in more detail:• Never ignoring offensive language even though it will not always result in a sending-off.

• Muted, spontaneous reaction to a missed goal may be natural frustration but the reaction may be more frequent in high tension games.

• If offensive or insulting or abusive language and / or gestures becomes persistent - clearly speak to an individual or broadcast warning for all to hear.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

286



• Send player off, if the offensive or

insulting or abusive language and / or

gestures are loud for all to hear and

directed at an individual.

• Racial abuse is an example of abusive

language.

• Referees have an important role to play

in "Kicking Racism out of Football."

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

287


3. Offences in more detail:S7: Receives a second caution in the same match:

• If a player, whilst being cautioned commits a second caution offence, he must be sent off.

• Failure to do so undermines control and respect.

• Speak firmly to a cautioned offender, giving him a clear warning that a further caution will lead to a sending off.

Law 12. Fouls and


Offences

288




Offences

289


Summary

1. Introduction.


3. Offences in more detail.Law 12.

Fouls and Misconduct. Sending Off

Offences

290



Procedures for Cautioning and Sending Off Players


Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Procedures

291


Aims To know how to caution and how to send off players and to deal with misconduct by club officials.:

1. Considerations.

2. Recommended practices.

3. Cautioning Procedure.

4. Sending Off Procedure.

Law 12. Fouls and


292


1. Considerations:

• Must be firm but low key.

• Be calm and courteous throughout.

• Applies to players, substitutes and

substituted players.

• Variations in procedures relating to

misconduct by club officials etc.

• Advice regarding on-line reporting

procedures.

Law 12. Fouls and


293


1. Considerations: continued…

• The importance of not adding to the

tension of an already emotive situation

by poor management of players who

are being cautioned or sent off.

• Use the recommended procedures

when administering a caution or a

sending off.

• All misconduct must be reported to the


(Sundays not included).

Law 12. Fouls and


294


1. Considerations: continued…

• Practices that may undermine the

referee's authority:

• Threatening to caution a player

and not carrying it out.

• Taking out notebook and not

cautioning the offender.

• Adopting an aggressive manner

towards players when

administering a caution or a

sending off.

Law 12. Fouls and


295


2. Recommended practice:

• Referee should summon player to

meet him half way.

• Use a calm but firm voice and low key

with palms down calming gesture.

• Never point or wag the finger as this

may belittle the offending player.

• When a player is excited, stay calm

and use a phrase such as………..

"Please calm down, listen to me"

Law 12. Fouls and


296


2. Recommended practice:• When a player walks or runs away

Referee should stand still and, in with a

firmer tone, seek his co-operation again.

• If the player still refuses to co-operate,

Referee should warn him that he runs

the risk of being sent off.

• Referee may seek help from captain or

another responsible player.

• If this strategy fails, send him off.

Law 12. Fouls and


297


2. Recommended practice:• If he refuses to leave the field of play,

broadcast a warning of possible

abandonment.

• If there is no co-operation from players

or officials, having exhausted all

possibilities, then abandon match.

• Employ similar strategies when dealing

with misconduct by Club officials

but no cards are to be shown.

Law 12. Fouls and


298


3. Cautioning Procedure:• Inform player that he is being cautioned.

• Enquire his full name and record it in the notebook then clarify.

• Warn offender when cautioning, that a second cautionable offence will mean a sending off.

• From about 5 metres from the player, hold the yellow card aloft in a non- threatening manner.

• Signal for the game to restart.

Law 12. Fouls and


299


4. Sending Off Procedure:• Enquire the full name and record it in the notebook then clarify.

• Inform player that he/she is being sent off.

• Dismiss the player from the field of play and from the vicinity of field of play.

• From about 5 metres from the player, hold the red card aloft in a non-threatening manner.

• If sending off is for a 2nd caution in same match, show a yellow card and then red.

• Signal for the restart only when the player has left the vicinity of the field of play.

Law 12. Fouls and


300




301


Summary

1. Considerations.

2. Recommended practices.

3. Cautioning Procedure.

4. Sending Off Procedure.

Law 12. Fouls and


302


Law 12 Fouls and Misconduct – Reporting Misconduct


Law 12. Fouls and

Misconduct. Reporting

Misconduct

303


Aims To know how to report misconduct:

1. General considerations.

2. Completing the form.

3. Multi-caution form.

4. Caution examples.

5. Sending Off report (and examples).

6. Other misconduct.

7. Despatching the form.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

304


1. General considerations:• Misconduct Reports are mandatory.

• Should be able to write an accurate,

brief and clear misconduct report.

• Takes time and practice to do this well.

• Integrity and honesty are paramount in

the reporting process.

• Must be reported to the appropriate

authority within two days (Sundays not

included.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

305


1. General considerations:• Referee may be subject to disciplinary action if a report is not submitted.

• Or is submitted later than within the required time scale and it undermines the Referee's credibility and that of others.

• If Assistant Referee is in support, agree basic details with him after the match.

• Beware of impressing your version on an Assistant Referee (AR).

• Advise AR how to complete his report.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

306


1. General considerations:• Write rough draft copy first of main

account on same day as the match while

the incident is fresh in the mind.

• Remember the ABC of Report Writing,

A = accuracy, B= brevity, C = clarity.

• New referees, having completed first a

rough draft, are advised to show it to a

training officer, mentor or an experienced

senior colleague before sending it in.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

307


2. Completing the form:• Refer to the 'FA Guide to Misconduct Report Writing' for examples of good practice.

• Check that Competition details, names of teams etc., use full name and team of player.

• Statutory detail must be correct.

• Check appropriate section of the Laws are all in the correct places.

• Include simple, but full details in a chronological order.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

308


2. Completing the form:• Include sufficient detail to support the

disciplinary case.

• Irrelevant detail must be omitted such

as which other player was near or

whether an Assistant Referee agreed.

• Irrelevant remarks made by players

should also be omitted.

• Only describe the action that caused a

dismissal, not events leading up to it.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

309


3. Multi-caution form :

• How to

complete the

form.

• Advice on

on-line

reporting.

• Where to

send it?

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

310


4. Caution examples:

Unsporting behaviour (Law 12, C1)

• Committing any of the penal offences,

e.g. deliberately tripping, pushing,

charging.

• Impeding, time wasting (not time

consuming), kicking the ball away or into

goal after play has been stopped, etc.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

311


4. Caution examples: continued…

Shows dissent by word or action

(Law 12, C2)

• Open, hostile disagreement by word

("that was rubbish, Referee").

• Sarcastic clapping) against your

decision - a caution MUST be issued.

Note: If offensive, insulting or abusive

language is used in dissent, the player

MUST be sent from the field of play.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

312



Persistently infringes the Laws of the

Game (Law 12, C3)

• A player who who continues to offend

and who will previously have had this

matter drawn to his/her attention.

• Three or four offences committed in a

short space of time.

• Or a higher number of offences

committed over the 90 minutes.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

313



Delays the restart of play (Law 12, C4)

• For example – a player who prevents

an opponent from taking a free kick by

standing in front of the ball, MUST be

cautioned.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

314



Fails to respect the required distance

when play is restarted with a corner

kick or free kick (Law 12, C5)

• A player who approaches too close to

the ball or fails to retire the correct

distance from the ball at the taking of

such kicks must be cautioned.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

315



Enters or re-enters the field of play without referee's Permission (Law 12, C6)

Leaves the field of play without the referee's Permission (Law 12, C7)

• Comparatively, rare and referee should only punish deliberate breaches.

• Players who wish to leave in order to receive treatment, should first request permission from the Referee. BUT….

• A player who accidentally leaves the field during play or leaves because he is injured, should not be cautioned.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

316


5. Sending Off Report :

Example Text: S1 Serious Foul Play:

In the 89th minute of this game, the above-named player was guilty of a high and very late tackle in the vicinity of the opponent's thigh and in my opinion he endangered the safety of an opponent. I was only 15 metres away from the incident and I had a clear and uninterrupted view of the offence committed. I dismissed him from the field of play and showed him the red card.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

317


5. Sending Off Report : Example Text: S2 Violent Conduct:

In the 24th minute of this game, the above player deliberately struck an opponent in the face with his elbow when making an aerial challenging for the ball in the centre circle some 10 metres from my position and from where I had a clear and uninterrupted view. I took the appropriate action.

Remember the ABC of Report Writing, A = accuracy, B= brevity, C = clarity.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

318


5. Sending Off Report :

Example Text: S6 Uses offensive or abusive language and / or gestures:

In the 55th minute of this game, I penalised a colleague of the above player for an offside offence as Mr Brown scored a goal which was promptly disallowed. At the decision he shouted at me "You bald-headed t•••". He was about 15 metres away from me and I clearly heard the words the player said. He was immediately dismissed from the field.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

319


5. Sending Off Report :• Audience to write out sample Misconduct Report in full.• Rehearsed demonstration or DVD / Video clip of sending off offence. • Talk through example sending off report based on demonstration.

• Collect & evaluate ready to offer individual feedback at next opportunity.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

320


6. Other misconduct:• Examples of Other Misconduct.

• e.g. Irate manager, abusive trainer,

spectator etc.

• Omit 'caution/ sending off' text in an

‘Other Misconduct’ report form.

• But quote the word 'Misconduct' as the

first line of detail of the Incident, then

give a full account.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

321


7. Despatching the form:• Check The County FA or Competition

Handbook to ensure reports are sent to

the correct address.

• Number of copies plus a personal copy

on file.

• Final version - preferably computer

generated.

• But, if handwritten, importance of clear

writing, typed and legibility.

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

322




Misconduct

323


Summary

1. General considerations.

2. Completing the form.

3. Multi-caution form.

4. Caution examples.

5. Sending Off report (and examples).

6. Other misconduct.

7. Despatching the form

Law 12. Fouls and


Misconduct

324


Law 13 Free Kicks


Law 13. Free Kicks

325


Aims

To recognise and manage correctly taken

direct and indirect free kicks:

1. Differences between direct and indirect

free kicks.

2. Requirements at restarts.

3. Managing Players.

4. Managing the Free Kick

Law 13. Free Kicks

326


1. Differences between a direct and an indirect free kick:• A goal may be scored against the

opposing team from a direct free kick.

• A goal may not be scored against either

team from an indirect free kick.

• A penalty kick is effectively a direct free

kick to the attacking team following a

penal offence by a member of the

opposing team in their own penalty area.

Law 13. Free Kicks

327


2. Requirements at restarts:

• Minimum distance (9.15m) for opponents unless within 9.15m of the goal line. • No undue delay in restarting the game.• Action if players fail to co-operate.• Ball is stationary.• Ball in play once kicked and has moved.• Kicker not to touch the ball again until it is touched by another player.• Possibility of advantage by allowing a quickly taken free kick.

Law 13. Free Kicks

328


3. Managing Players:

• Place the ball in the required position.

• Ensure that all the opposing players are

at least 9.15m from the ball.

• Pace out 9.15 distance if necessary.

• Monitor both the ball and the opposing

players.

• If there is a defensive 'wall' to be

organised advise kicker not to restart the

game until the whistle is blown.

Law 13. Free Kicks

329



• Allow a quickly taken free kick if the

team offended against requests it.

• Caution any players who fail to retire

the required distance having previously

sought their co-operation.

• Use the approved signal for an indirect

free kick and keep it in place until ball

goes out of play or touches another

player.

Law 13. Free Kicks

330



• If the free kick is by the defending team

in their own penalty area, ensure all

opposing players are outside the penalty

area until the ball has left penalty the area.

• If an indirect free kick is to the attacking

team in the opponents' goal area, ensure

that the ball is correctly placed as

required by Law.

Law 13. Free Kicks

331


4. Managing the Free Kick:

• Ensure the ball is stationary.

• Blow the whistle or give verbal signal to

indicate restart.

• Caution, having previously sought their

co-operation, any defending players who

encroach within the minimum distance

before the ball is in play.

• Move into a position to monitor the next

phase of play.

Law 13. Free Kicks

332


5. Punishments:

• Indirect free kick from where the

offence occurred, if the kicker plays the

ball a second time before it is touched by

another player.

• Or a direct free kick (or penalty) if the

kicker, having taken a free kick,

deliberately handles the ball before it

touches another player.

Law 13. Free Kicks

333


5. Punishments:

• An indirect free kick shall be awarded

from where the infringement occurred, if

a goalkeeper, having taken a free kick

inside his own penalty area, handles the

ball after it has come into play inside his

own penalty area, and before it touches

another player.

Law 13. Free Kicks

334


Any Questions? Law 13. Free Kicks

335


Summary

1. Differences between direct and

indirect free kicks.

2. Requirements at restarts.

3. Managing Players.

4. Managing the Free Kick

Law 13. Free Kicks

336


Law 14 The Penalty Kick


Law 14. The Penalty Kick

337


Aims To recognise and a correctly taken

penalty kick and to understand how to

manage these restarts:

1. Introduction.

2. Extension of time.

3. Prior to the kick.

4. Taking the kick.

5. Infringements.


338


1. Introduction:

• The importance of knowing when to

award a penalty kick.

• In effect, a penalty kick is a direct free

kick awarded against the defending team

in its own penalty area.

• Defending goalkeeper may be punished

for all penal offences except the penal

offence of deliberately handling the ball.


339


1. Introduction:

• Any retaken penalty kick may be taken

by a different player.

• A goalkeeper may be changed, having

informed the referee, when a penalty kick

is to retaken


340


2. Extension of time:

• Extension lasts until referee decides

whether goal has been scored or not.

• Game ends when penalty kick has been

correctly taken and the ball wholly

crosses goal line or rebounds into play

or is clearly saved.

• Goal allowed if the ball crosses goal

line directly or deflected off goalkeeper,

goalpost and / or crossbar.


341


2. Extension of time:

• Ball rebounding from goalpost on to

goalkeeper and into the goal, is a goal -

even if the goalkeeper is off his goal line

when it hits him.

• The game is not completed until the ball

has finished any continuous movement

and finishes in the goal or the goal is

clearly not scored.


342


3. Prior to the kick:

• Ball stationary on penalty mark.

• Kicker must be properly identified to the

goalkeeper and to the Referee.

• Goalkeeper standing on goal line facing

the kicker between posts (tell him).

• Goalkeeper is allowed to move along

his goal line but not forward from it.


343


3. Prior to the kick:

• All the players (other than kicker and

goalkeeper) are inside the field of play,

outside penalty area, behind the penalty

mark and at least 9.15 metres from the

penalty mark.

• Position and duties of Referee and

Assistant Referees.

• Whistle signal by Referee.


344


4. Taking the kick:

• Ball must be kicked forward.

• Ball in play when it is kicked and moves

forward.

• Once the ball is in play, the kicker may

not play it again until it is touched by

another player.


345


5. Infringements:

• If the Referee gives the signal for a

penalty kick to be taken and, before the

ball is in play, one of the following

situations occurs:


346


5. Infringements: continued…

The player taking the penalty kick

infringes the Laws of the Game:

• The Referee allows the kick to proceed.

• If the ball enters the goal, the kick is

retaken.

• If the ball does not enter the goal, the

referee stops play and restarts the match

with an indirect free kick to the

defending team, from the place where

the infringement occurred.


347



The goalkeeper infringes the Laws of the

Game:

The Referee allows the kick to proceed.

• If the ball enters the goal, a goal is

awarded.


kick is retaken.


348



A team-mate of the player taking the kick

infringes the Laws of the Game:


• If the ball enters the goal, the kick is

retaken.


referee stops play and restarts the match

with an indirect free kick to the

defending team, from the place where

the infringement occurred.


349



A team-mate of the goalkeeper infringes

the Laws of the Game:


• If the ball enters the goal, a goal is

awarded.


kick is retaken.


350



A player of both the defending team and

the attacking team infringe the Laws of

the Game:


• The kick is retaken.


351



If, after the penalty kick has been taken:

The kicker touches the ball a second

time (except with his hands) before it has

touched another player:

• An indirect free kick is awarded to the

opposing team, the kick to be taken from

the place where the infringement

occurred.


352




The kicker deliberately handles the ball

before it has touched another player:

• A direct free kick is awarded to the



occurred.


353




The ball is touched by an outside agent

as it moves forward:

• The kick is retaken.


354




The ball rebounds into the field of play

from the goalkeeper, the crossbar or the

goalposts, and is then touched by an

outside agent:

• The Referee stops play;

play is restarted with a dropped ball at

the place where it touched the outside

agent……….. continued on the next slide…


355


The ball rebounds into the field of play

from the goalkeeper, the crossbar or the

goalposts, and is then touched by an

outside agent:

• Stop the game, take action to remove

the cause and restart by dropped ball.

• If the incident occurs in the goal area,

a dropped ball on goal area line parallel

to goal line nearest to the incident.



356


Any Questions? Law 14. The Penalty Kick

357


Summary

1. Introduction.

2. Extension of time.

3. Prior to the kick.

4. Taking the kick.

5. Infringements.


358


Law 15 The Throw In


Law 15. The Throw In

359


Aims To recognise when to award a throw-in and

how to restart the play and deal with any

infringements:

1. Introduction.

2. Taking the Throw-In.

3. Infringements.

4. Miscellaneous.


360


1. Introduction:• The ball must be thrown in from the point where it crossed the touch line.

• The player must face the field of play.

• Position of feet - importance of part of each foot being ON or BEHIND the touch line.

• Signal by Assistant Referee.

• Signal by Referee.

• How to act if Referee disagrees with the advice of his Assistant Referee.


361


1. Introduction:

• Throwing from behind the touch line:

• Advise approximately 1 m. as a

reasonable limit.

• Ball in play again once it has wholly

crossed the touch line.

• Correctly thrown in but whole of the

ball does not cross the touch line,

retake the throw-in from where it

originally went out of play.


362


1. Introduction:• Throw with both hands.

• What constitutes throwing with one hand only?

• If a throw-in is taken incorrectly, it is awarded to the opposing team.

• Punishment when throwing the ball at / onto the back of a colleague or an opponent?

• Throwing the ball directly into goal.

• Throwing the ball to an offside player.


363


1. Introduction:

• Player deliberately wastes time by

delaying the throw in.

• Playing the ball a second time.

• Throwing directly to own goalkeeper.

• Opponent unfairly distracts thrower.

• Minimum distance of opposing players

= 2m.

• ‘Ball is out of play,’ means the whole of

the ball on the ground or in the air.


364


2. Taking the Throw In:• Clear indication of direction by arm

signal with vocal help to ensure restart is

taken from where the ball went out.

• Thrower faces the field of play.

• Part of each foot on ground, on or

behind the touch line.

• Ball in play immediately it enters the

field of play.

• Shared responsibilities of Referee and

Assistant Referee, who monitors what?


365


2. Taking the Throw In:

• Ball re-enters from the point where it

crossed the touch line.

• Allow up to 1 metre behind touch line

for delivery as long as re-entry is at

correct place.

• Use of both hands. From behind and

over the head with a continuous

movement. Not one hand guiding and

one throwing.


366


3. Infringements:

• Not thrown correctly – award the throw-

in to the opponents.

• Playing ball second time, - indirect free

kick to opponent, unless deliberately

handled - direct free kick or penalty kick.

• Any other infringement - (e.g.. throw-in

correctly taken but from the wrong

position) - throw-in to opponents.


367


3. Infringements:• Goalkeeper deliberately handles ball

before another player has touched it -

indirect free kick or direct free kick if

outside his own penalty area.

• Opponent unfairly distracts or impedes

the thrower - caution and yellow card.

•Opponent fails to retire required

minimum distance - seek co-operation, if

this fails – caution.


368


4. Miscellaneous:

• Position of Referee and Assistant

Referee.

• Common faults to watch for

(e.g. ball 'dropped', not thrown).

• Goal may not be scored direct –

goal kick or corner kick is awarded.


369


Any Questions? Law 15. The Throw In

370


Summary

1. Introduction.

2. Taking the Throw-In.

3. Infringements.

4. Miscellaneous.


371


Law 16 The Goal Kick


Law 16. The Goal Kick

372


Aims

To know how to recognise when to award a

goal kick and how to restart the play and

deal with any infringements:

1. Description.

2. Taking a Goal Kick.

3. Procedure.

4. Infringements


373


1. Description:

• A goal kick is when ball goes out of

play over goal line having last been

touched by a player of the attacking

team unless a goal is scored.

• A goal kick is taken anywhere within

the goal area.


374


2. Taking a Goal Kick:

• The ball must be correctly positioned

inside the goal area.

• The ball must be stationary.

• Opponents must remain outside of the

penalty area until ball has left the penalty

area.

• Ball is not in play until passed directly

outside penalty area into field of play - if

stopped beforehand, retake goal kick.


375



• Position of Assistant Referee to

monitor restart.

• Position of Referee to monitor next

phase of play.

• A goal may be scored direct from goal

kick but only against opposing team.


376



• If the ball goes out over the goal

line .i.e NOT out of the penalty area, the

goal kick should be retaken.

• If the ball goes goes out of the penalty

area over kicker's goal line - corner kick.

• Players from either team cannot be

offside if they receive the ball direct

from a goal kick.


377


3. Procedure:• The ball is kicked from any point within the goal area by a player of the defending team.

• Opponents must remain outside the penalty area until the ball is in play.

• The kicker does not play the ball a second time until it has touched another player.

• The ball is in play when it is kicked directly beyond the penalty area.

• The ball must be stationary.


378


4. Infringements:

Goal kick taken by a player other than the

goalkeeper:

• If, after the ball is in play, the kicker

touches the ball a second time (except

with his hands) before it has touched

another player:




occurred.


379


4. Infringements:

If, after the ball is in play, the kicker

deliberately handles the ball before it has





occurred.

• A penalty kick is awarded if the

infringement occurred inside the kicker's

penalty area.


380


4. Infringements:

Goal kick taken by the goalkeeper

If, after the ball is in play, the goalkeeper



another player:




occurred.


381


4. Infringements:




• A direct free kick is awarded if the

infringement occurred outside of the

goalkeeper's penalty area.

• An indirect free kick is awarded if the

infringement occurred inside the

goalkeeper's penalty area.


382


4. Infringements:

For any other infringement of this Law:

• The goal kick is retaken.Law 16. The

Goal Kick

383


Any Questions? Law 16. The Goal Kick

384


Summary

1. Description.

2. Taking a Goal Kick.

3. Procedure.

4. Infringements


385


Law 17 The Corner Kick


Law 17. The Corner Kick

386


Aims

To know when to award a corner kick

and to know how to deal with any

infringements.:

1. Description.

2. Procedure.

3. Infringements.


387


1. Description:

• A corner kick is awarded when the ball

goes out of play over goal line, after it

has been last touched / played by a

defender - unless a goal is scored.Law 17. The Corner Kick

388


1. Description:

• A goal may be scored direct.

• An attacker cannot be offside if he

receives the ball direct from corner kick.

• Subsequent offside possibilities.

• Use of field markings for judging

distance.

• Optional mark 9.15m from arc.

• 'Short' corner.


389


1. Description:• The ball is placed inside the corner arc

at the nearest flagpost to where the ball

travelled over the goal line.

• Ball on line or inside the quarter circle.


390


2. Procedure:• Corner flags must be upright for the

kick - may not be moved or removed by

the kicker.

• Signal by referee.

• Position of Referee and Assistant

Referee.

• Corner arc line part of arc - ball can be

placed on it must be stationary.


391


2. Procedure:

• Defenders at least 9.15 m. from the

corner kick until the ball is in play.

• Defenders who fail to retire correct

distance, ask them to move to the

minimum distance but, if this fails,

caution them.

• Ball in play once it is kicked and moves.

• Ball must travel into field of play.


392


3. Infringements:

Corner kick taken by a player other than

the goalkeeper.



with his hands), before it has touched

another player:




occurred.


393


3. Infringements:







occurred.

• A penalty kick is awarded if the

infringement occurred inside the kicker's

own penalty area.


394


3. Infringements:

Corner kick taken by the goalkeeper.




another player:




occurred.


395


3. Infringements:






opposing team if the infringement

occurred outside the goalkeeper's

penalty area, the kick to be taken from


occurred.


396


3. Infringements:






opposing team if the infringement

occurred inside the goalkeeper's penalty

area, the kick to be taken from the place

where the infringement occurred.


397


3. Infringements:

For any other infringement the corner

kick is retaken.


398


Any Questions? Law 17. The Corner Kick

399


Summary

1. Description.

2. Procedure.

3. Infringements. Law 17. The Corner Kick

400


Procedures to Determine the Winner of a Match


Procedures to determine the winner of a match.

401


Aims

Aim: To understand how to

successfully manage Kicks from the

Penalty Mark.

1. Introduction.

2. Procedure.


402


• Away goals, extra time and taking kicks from the penalty mark are the three methods of determining the winning team where competition rules require there to be a winning team after a match has been drawn.

• Competition rules may provide that where teams play each other home and away, if the scores are equal after the second match, any goals scored at the ground of the opposing team will count double.

1. Introduction:


403


Extra Time:

• Competition rules may provide for two further equal periods, not exceeding 15 minutes each, to be played. The conditions of Law 8 will apply.

• Importance of thorough knowledge of Competition Rules.

• Referee is responsible for delegating the roles of the Assistant Referees.

• No coaching staff on field of play.



404


2. The procedure:• The Referee chooses the goal at which the kicks will be taken.

• The Referee tosses a coin and the team whose captain wins the toss decides whether to take the first or the second kick.

• The Referee keeps a record of the kicks being taken.

• Both teams take five kicks.

• The kicks are taken alternately by the teams.


405


2. The procedure: continued…

• If, before both teams have taken five kicks, one has scored more goals than the other could score, even if it were to complete its five kicks, no more kicks are taken.

• If, after both teams have taken five kicks, both have scored the same number of goals, or have not scored any goals, kicks continue to be taken in the same order until one team has scored a goal more than the other from the same number of kicks, i.e. ‘sudden death’.


406



• Only players who are on the field of play at the end of the match, which includes extra time where appropriate, are allowed to take kicks from the penalty mark.

• A goalkeeper who is injured while kicks are being taken from the penalty mark and is unable to continue as goalkeeper may be replaced by a named substitute provided his team has not used the maximum number of substitutes permitted under the competition rules.


407



• Each kick is taken by a different player and all eligible players must take a kick before any player can take a second kick.

• An eligible player may change places with the goalkeeper at any time when kicks from the penalty mark are being taken.

• Only the eligible players and match officials (Referee and Assistant Referees) are permitted to remain on the field of play when kicks from the penalty mark are being taken.


408



• All players, except the player taking the kick and the two goalkeepers, must remain within the centre circle.

• The goalkeeper who is the team mate of the kicker must remain on the field of play, outside the penalty area in which the kicks are being taken, on the goal line where it meets the penalty area boundary line.

• All Club officials must remain off the field of play.


409



• Unless otherwise stated, the relevant Laws of the Game and International F.A. Board Decisions apply when kicks from the penalty mark are being taken.

• When a team finishes the match with a greater number of players than their opponents, they shall reduce their numbers to equate with that of their opponents and inform the Referee of the name and number of each player excluded.

•The team captain has this responsibility.


410



• Before the start of kicks from the penalty mark, the Referee shall ensure that only an equal number of players from each team remain within the centre circle and they shall take the kicks.

• The Referee does not whistle for a penalty kick to be taken until all of the players have taken up positions in accordance with the Law.

• The Referee decides when a penalty kick has been complete.


411


Any Questions? Procedures to determine the winner of a match.

412


Summary

1. Introduction.

2. Procedure.


413


1 the laws of the game the basic referees’ course (contains the 2007/2008 law changes)

Documents

game law

field of play slide

field measurements

playable law

game aims

game summary

goal line law

minutes law