STARTER: CAN YOU REMEMBER THE FOUR

MAIN AIMS OF THE LEAGUE?

1: To discourage aggression2: To encourage cooperation in business and trade

3: To encourage disarmament 4: To improve living and working conditionsThe League had little success with this issue in the 1920s and the disarmament conference planned for 1926 actually took 6 YEARS to take place (in 1932)!Do you think it will be successful? Can you explain why using your existing knowledge (REFER TO THE DEPRESSION)

Why did Disarmament fail in the 1930s?

L/O: To decide who was to blame for the failure of disarmament using information and sources

DISARMAMENT: To get rid or reduce the amount of weapons.

ARMS: weapons (guns, tanks, ships, planes etc)

(e.g. The police disarmed a thief in the street.)

Remember:How was Germany’s arms reduced by the Treaty of Versailles?

Why did countries need to disarm?

Increased pressure on the League to deal with issue of disarmament

Germany (a member of the League since 1926) felt they should be treated more fairly and so everyone should disarm like they had been made to in 1919 or they should be allowed to rearm!

The Manchuria crisis had shown the need to disarm aggressive nations like Japan.

The conference

When: February- July 1932What: Agreed to:

- prevent the bombing of civilians- prevent use of chemical warfare- limit the use of artillery- limit the size of tanks

But: - No plans of how to achieve these goals! - Refusal of countries to get rid of planes capable of killing civilians- Refusal to stop making chemical weapons!- No one would agree to disarm like Germany

OR allow Germany to rearm! NO EQUALITY!

What happened next?

July 1932: Germans walked out of conference

September 1932: British sent Germany a note saying they wanted equality with arms (weapons) but Germany thinks it is condescending!

December 1932: Agreement reached to treat Germany equally in matter of arms

May 1933: Hitler promised not to rearm if in 5 years all other countries promise to disarm

February 1933: Hitler became Chancellor of Germany and began to rearm (secretly!)

January 1933:Germany says it is returning to League

June 1933: Britain produces disarmament plan

October 1933: Hitler left the conference and the League

October 1933-December 1934: All started to build up their arms!

BAD TIMES GOOD TIMES

EEEK!

So who was to blame?

In your books EXPLAIN in which ways the following were to blame for the failure of the conference: (use your textbooks pages 43-43 to help)a) Germanyb) The League (with Britain and France as main

leaders)c) Both

Extra? How do you think the depression made disarmament less likely to happen? Look back in your books and explain!

Source analysis:1) Look at the source below and answer the questions around it to help you

annotate2) Who does David Lowe blame for the failure of the disarmament? How are the

other countries at the

conference shown? (what

animals?)

What countries do you think

they are portraying?Why did he choose this

animal? (strong or

weak)

Why does he call them ‘common people’?

2) What animals are used to portray the main powers at the

disarmament Conference?

Which main powers do you think it is

portraying?

What is Lowe (the artist) trying to say about the leaders?)

Who are the aggressive people at the

conference? Why do you think Lowe is saying

this?

Who is saying this?Who is the he blaming for the failure of the

Conference?Does Lowe agree that the ‘common people’ are to

blame?

What do historians say?

Some say it would never have worked after the depression forced all countries to protect themselves rather than help international problems.

Some say it was because the Treaty of Versailles was unfair on Germany from the start so no agreement could be reached.

Once Hitler was in power from February 1933, (and promising to reverse the Treaty) he was always going to rearm!

What do you

think?Vote!

Starting of next lesson – 20 mins test!

Exam style questions:

1) Use the source from the lesson to answer: What is the message of the

source? (8 marks)(what event? When? Who is in the source? What is he saying about it? How does he feel?)

2) Explain why the Disarmament Conference had failed by 1934. (6 marks)

(2/3 well explained reasons!)