1 towards a strategic and integrated management of plant genetic resources for food security and...
TRANSCRIPT
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Towards a Strategic and Integrated Management of Plant Genetic
Resources for Food Security and Sustainable Development
Dr.Kakoli Ghosh, Agricultural Officer, Plant Production and Protection Division, FAO, Rome
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CONSERVATION OFPLANT GENETIC RESOURCES
FARMERS
AGRO-ECOSYSTEM
PLANT BREED
ING SE
ED P
RODUCT
ION
AND S
UPP
LY
Fundamental aspects of PGRFA
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1996, Leipzig International Conference on Plant Genetic Resources
→ Adoption of the first State of the World’s Plan Genetic Resources (SOW)
→ Adoption of the Global Plan of Action (GPA)
1999, FAO Conference
→ Need to periodically assess the SOW in order to facilitate the analysis of changing needs and gaps, as well as to contribute to the adjustment of the rolling GPA
2001, FAO Conference
→ Adoption of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (IT-PGRFA)
→ The GPA became part of the IT-PGRGA as a supporting component
Key dates towards a strategic management of PGRFA
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The Global Plan of Action for Conservation and Sustainable Use of PGRFA
(www.globalplanofaction.org)
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Drawn from findings and needs identified through the State of the World, the Global Plan of Action is a set of recommendations and
activities in all PGRFA activities
Coherent framework for 20 priority activity areas in
conservation and sustainable utilization, institutions and
capacity-building
Rolling plan that needs to be periodically updated based on the State of the World’s
PGRFA
Better management, cooperation, and coordination of all PGRFA-related
activities
All NENA countries have adopted the GPA
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The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
(www.planttreaty.org)
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Main objective of the IT-PGRFA
Access to PGR and Equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the
use of PGR
Members of the IT-PGRFA:
- take on the obligation to implement the IT-PGRFA
- are called to cooperate in the periodic reassessment of the SOW-PGRFA in order to facilitate the updating of the rolling Global Plan of Action (Art. 14 and 17.3)
Efficient and effective management of PGRFA for food security and sustainable management
Enhanced conservation coupled with sustainable
use of PGRFA
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Periodic Assessment of the SOW
The first Report on the State of the World’s PGRFA represented the first comprehensive global assessment of the status and use of PGRFA
Contribution to the implementation of the IT-PGRFA
Update of the first SOW with a focus on the changes occurred
since 1996
Adjustment of the 20 priority activity areas of
the GPA taking into account changing needs
and gaps
Periodic Assessment
Assisting national, regional and global efforts for effective conservation and sustainable utilization of PGR to achieve food security, rural
development and sustainable agriculture
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The preparatory process of the SOW-2 is:
103 countries have prepared a Country Report on the State of PGRFA 15 other countries reports are being prepared or possibly expected
(March 2009)
• Fully integrated with the process of monitoring the implementation of the GPA
• Country driven (Country Reports, NISM)
• Conducted in collaboration with various partners (IPGRI/Bioversity, genebanks, CGIAR centers, etc.)
• Guided by the Inter-Governmental Working Group on Plant Genetic Resources of the Commission - Fourth Session: 15-17 July 2009
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Thematic Background Studies
Country Reports
National Information Sharing Mechanisms
Focusing on Key Changes since 1996
Second State of the World
on PGRFA
Updating of the rolling Global Plan of Action
Analysis of changing needs and gaps
Integration of new emerging issues
COUNTRY-DRIVEN PROCESS
Food security, rural development, sustainable agriculture, protection of environment
Implementation of the IT-PGRFA
Strategic and Integrated Management of Plant Genetic Resources Food and Agriculture
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Gaps and challenges as reported by Countries
Hinders the efficiency of all PGRFA related activities and sustainable agricultural development at the country level
1. Fragmentation in the national approach to PGRFA conservation and use
→ No linkages between in situ conservation, crop improvement programmes, ex situ conservation, seed systems and markets
2. Poor documentation, outdated information, and lack of knowledge support
3. Lack of institutional capacities for the elaboration, coordination, and implementation of adequate policies and programmes on PGRFA
4. Limited stakeholder participation and lack of partnership between PGR users and seed producers
5. Lack of legislation and limited implementation of legislation
Hinders the implementation of the IT-PGRFA
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Needs and requests as reported by Countries
Recognition of the equal importance and the strong interconnections between PGR conservation, crop variety improvement, and seed production and delivery systems
Challenges of Climate Change, Food Security and Sustainable Development
The IT-PGRFA enables efficient and strategic management of PGRFA at the global level that can serve as the model for the national-level strategies for efficient PGRFA management
Need for a strategic and integrated plant genetic resources management system for better
utilization of PGRFA benefits
Strong and centralized
institutions at all levels
National integrated strategies
establishing all necessary linkages
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All NENA countries are members of the IT-PGRFA (ratification or accession) except : Azerbaidjan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyztan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Bahrain, Somalia and Iraq
The development of a legislation for accessing and exchanging genetic resources is at an advanced stage in Syria and drafts are under-development in Morocco, Lebanon, and Egypt
! Challenges:
1. Encourage member countries of the NENA region to develop and adopt appropriate legislation on access and benefit-sharing
2. Encourage non-member countries of the NENA region to join the IT-PGRFA
3. Encourage the development of a Strategic and Integrated Management of Plant Genetic Resources for Food Security and Sustainable Development
The Near East and North African Countries and the IT-PGRFA
FARMERS CULTIVAR
S
FARMERS
AGRO-ECOSYSTEM
SEED
PRO
DUCT
ION
AND S
UPP
LY
CONSERVATION OFPLANT GENETIC RESOURCES
PLANT BREED
ING
NEW CULTIVARS
ELIT
E GER
MPL
ASM IN
FORM
ATION
GENET
IC D
IVER
SITY
RESTORATION
GERMPLASM
SEED FOR PRODUCTIO
N
OWN SEED
SEED GROWER
S
EMERGENCYRESTORATION
ON-FARMIN SITU
TRIALS
FARMER BREEDIN
G
PARTICIPATORY PLANT
BREEDING