1 unit 3. 2 let them dream! though today’s society pressures young people to immediately select a...

1

UNIT 3

2

LET THEM DREAM!

Though today’s society pressures young people to

immediately select a career, it sometimes takes time to decide

what your real aspirations are. For example, while Brad Pitt

attended college to be a news 1 ___________, he is now a

millionaire movie star. Although Serena Williams has a

successful career as a(n) 2 ___________, she is also

studying to become a certified 3 ___________. Playing

Australian football used to be Curtis Stone’s ultimate goal, but

currently he is a celebrity 4 ___________.

Task IFill in the blanks with the occupation nouns provided based on the audio. Change the forms of the words if necessary.

GETTING READY

correspondent

professional athlete

nail technician

chef


architect

nail technician

interior designer

comedian

correspondent

vet

novelist

chef

surgeon

3

And Jim Carrey is widely regarded as one of the foremost

5 ___________ in Hollywood. He didn’t always want to pursue

a career in acting, however. He actually yearned to work as

a(n) 6 ___________.

These examples demonstrate that everyone should be

allowed the opportunity to take their time making career

choices. Who knows? They might accomplish more than they

ever dreamed!

Task IFill in the blanks with the occupation nouns provided based on the audio. Change the forms of the words if necessary.

GETTING READY

comedians

vet


architect

nail technician

interior designer

comedian

correspondent

vet

novelist

chef

surgeon

4

Audio Transcripts:

Thank you for inviting me to speak. Let me first congratulate this year’s

graduating class! (applause) I know that you all have aspirations regarding your

future careers. I’m here to tell you about what could happen even if you don’t

secure your dream job. Take Brad Pitt, for example. He studied journalism in

college. Instead of news reporting, however, he became one of Hollywood’s A-list

actors. Other celebrities have similar stories. Curtis Stone, host of The Learning

Channel’s Take Home Chef, yearned to play in the Australian Football League

when he was growing up—until his mother taught him how to cook. When Jim

Carrey was a kid, he wanted to make a living by lessening animals’ pain. Now

he’s starred in many successful comedies instead. Serena Williams has won two

Olympic gold medals in women’s doubles, but being the world’s best tennis

player isn’t her ultimate dream. She longs to work in a nail salon. She is even

taking classes so that she can get certified to give manicures. So remember,

graduates, while your original dreams may not work out, something better could

come your way!

GETTING READY

5

Task IIUse the words provided to write four job ads. Be creative!

GETTING READY

Here at Happy Pets Clinic, we love

our furry friends! We are seeking

an animal surgeon who cares

about animals as much as we do.

The applicant must have at least

ten years of experience performing operations.

Those interested should submit a résumé to our head vet, Robert

Peterson,

at [email protected].

6


GETTING READY

Does gossip give you a thrill? Are

you good at finding out secrets?

Then join our staff as an

entertainment news columnist!

A journalism degree is required. No prior experience necessary.

Contact Clint at 4516-7822 and tell him why you’re qualified for this job!

7


GETTING READY

Suzie’s Salon is looking to hire a

certified nail technician. We offer

our clients many types of

manicures and foot massages.

You must be outgoing and should

have creative nail design ideas.

Call Nancy @ 09-4580-0034.

8


GETTING READY

Star Lite Lounge is now employing

comedians to perform in their

weekend comedy show!

Customers come expecting to hear

plenty of hysterical jokes. If you

are friendly and amusing, send

Tim a demo today!

Tim: 09-4295-7782

[email protected]

9

VOCABULARY DRILL

A. Listen Up Take the quiz. Then use the chart to determine your personality type.

1. At school, you have to follow a rigid schedule. This makes you feel:

A annoyed. You like to work at your own pace.

B bothered. You have a party to go to!

C relaxed. You feel at ease when there’s a plan.

2. In basketball, you like:

A trying different positions. You can help your team from anywhere on the floor!

B playing the shooting guard. You get excited by scoring points.

C being a cheerleader. You love cheering on the home team.

3. You flunked a test. Your response is to:

A study harder. You are confident that you can improve.

B blow it off. It’s just a little test after all.

C feel guilty. You disappointed your parents.

10

Listen and decide what kind of personality type Lucy has.____________

VOCABULARY DRILL

A. Listen Up Take the quiz. Then use the chart to determine your personality type.

What’s your type?

If you answered mostly a, you are a go-getter. You are motivated to accomplish big goals. You are competitive, but you can also be flexible. You’d make an ideal entrepreneur.

If you answered mostly b, you are a socializer. You are energetic and love being in the spotlight. You have a fun personality and the potential to be an exceptional salesperson.

If you answered mostly c, you are a duty-fulfiller. You stick to rules and disliketaking risks. Loyalty and dependability are your best qualities. Being a clerk could be a good fit.

Don’t worry if you have different answers. Everyone is a unique blend!

duty-fulfiller

11

VOCABULARY DRILL

Audio Transcripts:

Dr. Abbie: Lucy, welcome!

Lucy: Thanks, doctor. I’m here to discuss my personality. I’m graduating soon, and my teacher advised that knowing more about myself would help me choose a rewarding career.

Dr. Abbie: She is very insightful. It will also be useful for your daily activities and social interactions. So, describe yourself.

Lucy: I enjoy knitting. Following the different patterns soothes me. I usually give my creations to my family.

Dr. Abbie: OK. Tell me about your relationships with your friends.

Lucy: I try to be accessible to them. Whenever they need a favor, I’m there.

Dr. Abbie: How about your values and ideal job?

Lucy: Honesty and integrity are qualities that are important to me. I’m not sure what my dream career is, but I prefer to work in an office environment that isn’t too stressful. Job security is also a factor—I don’t want to work for a struggling company that might go bankrupt.

Dr. Abbie: This is all interesting. I’m glad you came in.

12

VOCABULARY DRILL

B. Word Focus: PersonalityDraw a line from each description on the right to the correct personality type.

go-getter

duty-fulfiller

socializer

• supportive of others

• finds adventure intriguing

• possesses excellent communication skills

• driven to succeed

• strives to elicit attention

• irritated by disloyalty

13

VOCABULARY DRILL

C. Speak Out Loud Interview another classmate by asking the questions below. Report the results to the class.

Could you become a millionaire?Find out if your personality is similar to those of highly successful people!

1 Do you value integrity? Is it crucial that others consider you dependable?

2 Are you a good leader? Can you make insightful decisions quickly?

3 Would you say you are a competitive person? Is winning important to you?

4 Are your family and friends supportive of your aspirations?

5 How are your people skills? Can you keep your colleagues motivated?

6 How strong is your enthusiasm for constant self-improvement?

14

CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW

A. Complete the SentencesFill in the blanks with words from the conversation. Use the hints to help you.

1. After competing and losing several times, she realized she didn’t have a(n) ___________ for running hurdles. (natural ability)

2. Would you like to see Dr. Rosenthal on next Wednesday? A(n) ___________ just opened up due to a cancellation. (period of time)

3. Students were outraged when they were informed of the unexpected increase in ___________. (fees)

4. Ted has been feeling ___________ in his legs ever since the car accident. (pain)

5. When Perry notified his coach of his ___________ to play professionally, he was advised to practice more. (ambition)

6. Peter’s hopes were ___________ when his application for a mortgage loan was denied. (destroy)

aptitude

slot

tuition

discomfort

aspiration

dashed

15


B. Understand from the ContextMatch the sentence with its meaning.

Sentence Paraphrase

_____ 1. You feel like the sky is the limit when you’re young, but you have to be down-to-earth when you’re an adult.

_____ 2. I’m concerned I’ll fall flat on my face.

_____ 3. You tell some hysterical jokes.

_____ 4. If you are passionate aboutcomedy, you should just go all out!

_____ 5. I’m kind of on the fence.

a. I’m afraid that I will fail.

b. Since you love entertaining others, you must work hard to make it your career.

c. Things seem attainable before you grow up, but then you have to

become more realistic.

d. Your sense of humor causes amusement for others.

e. I’m not being decisive; I’m still thinking about my options.

a

c

d

b

e

16


C. Make InferencesCheck the appropriate inferences and write the sentences that support your answers.

Inference Clue from the Text

□ 1. Tina hasn’t come to a conclusion concerning her career path.

I was planning to be a surgeon, but nothing is set in stone.

□ 2. It can take many years to repay student loans.

□ 3. Tina has confidence in Jimmy’s aptitude for his ideal job.

□ 4. Having sufficient enthusiasm for work will surely guarantee success.

□ 5. Don’t let fears of failure hinder you from following your dreams.

□ 6. Tina would be displeased if her job didn’t require much thinking.

I’m not interested in being in debt forever.

You tell some hysterical jokes.

If you are passionate about comedy, you should just go all out!

I yearn to do something academic and intellectual.

17

Rewrite the sentences in bold with the expressions above.

1. A: Have you decided which dress you want to purchase for the party?

B: I bought the red one yesterday, so my decision has been made.

→_______________________________________________________________

2. A: What has been confirmed for the banquet next week?

B: It beats me. The plans are still not settled.

→_______________________________________________________________

EXPRESSION PLAZA

Certain Uncertain

• (something) be set in stone

• (something) be a done deal

• (something) be nailed down

• (someone) be on the fence

• (something) be up in the air

• (something) be a toss-up (between . . .)

A. Expressing Certainty

I bought the red one yesterday, so it’s a done deal.

The plans are still up in the air.

18

EXPRESSION PLAZA

Hopeful Disappointed

• the sky is the limit

• the world is (one’s) oyster

• have a rosy future

• (one’s) hopes are dashed

• get / have a reality check

• be let down (by . . .)

B. Talking About Opportunities and Disappointments

Fill in the expressions that fit best.

1. My parents are always encouraging me to follow my dreams. They reassure me

that _____________________.

2. I was extremely _____________________ when I learned that I wasn’t

accepted for the internship.

the sky is the limit / the world is my oyster / I have a rosy future

let down

19

Pair up with a classmate and practice responding to the following statements by giving words of encouragement. Use the expressions above.

EXPRESSION PLAZA

Trying Hard Not Achieving

• go all out

• take great pains to do (something)

• pull out all the stops

• fall flat on (one’s) face

• drop the ball

• blow (one’s) chance

C. Discussing Goals and Dreams

1. I’m going to fall flat on my face during the tennis match.

2. I’m afraid that I am going to drop the ball on this science presentation.

3. Rick thinks that he blew his chance during the job interview.

1. What are you talking about? If you take great pains to practice, you’ll win the game for sure.

2. You will be spectacular as usual. You always pull out all the stops.

3. He should relax. I’m sure he went all out and impressed the interviewer.

20

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

A. True, False, or UnknownListen and select if the statements are true, false, or unknown.

1. T □ F □ U □ The duration of the trip will be one week.

2. T □ F □ U □ This year’s company outing will be held at the Grand Canyon.

3. T □ F □ U □ They will be checking into a four-star resort near their destination.

4. T □ F □ U □ Heather prefers accommodation with great comfort.

5. T □ F □ U □ The employees will need to make arrangements for sightseeing activities.

6. T □ F □ U □ The company has decided on how much they can spend on transportation.

21

Audio Transcripts:

Heather: Hello, Melody. How are the plans for our company trip coming?

Melody: Many of the details are up in the air, including how long the trip should be.

Heather: What about the destination? Is the Grand Canyon plan set in stone yet?

Melody: Yes, but the lodging arrangements are a toss-up between a four-star hotel and a cabin.

Heather: I personally prefer a hotel to a cabin. Most cabins I’ve stayed in are gross. Will we hire someone to show us around?

Melody: Yes, we will. That’s a done deal, as I’ve already hired a tour guide. We don’t want anyone wandering off and getting devoured by a bear.

Heather: Well, I won’t be getting lost in the woods. Have we decided on how we are getting there?

Melody: We’re still on the fence about that. The people in accounting are nailing down the financial details. Last year’s trip was under budget, so we

may be allowed to apply the surplus to this year’s trip. Then we could fly everyone there.

Heather: That would be fantastic!

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

22

Dear Graduating Class,

I appreciate your 1. _________ in last week’s job fair. As you know, the

2. _________ has been struggling lately. Bear this in mind and

stay 3. __________ when looking for work so you don’t get 4.

_________________. You will possibly have 5. _________________ when you are

trying to secure a job. This is especially true with a position that provides you with a

large salary and

6. _________________. My advice is to be diligent in utilizing your 7. __________

and keep reminding yourself that the world 8. ______________.

Good luck with your career hunt!

Sincerely,

Roland Taylor

Career Services

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

B. Finish the LetterFill in the blanks with words or expressions from the audio.

participation

economy

down-to-earth let down

a harsh reality check

a rosy future qualifications

is your oyster

23

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

Audio Transcripts:

Thank you for your participation in today’s employment fair. As a career

counselor, I often get asked for advice on navigating the job market. Let me start

by saying that the world is your oyster. Diligent workers with good

qualifications will have a rosy future. Despite this, it is of enormous importance

to be down-to-earth during your search. The economy’s current state is

alarming, and it could be a long while before it makes a comeback. Until then,

recent graduates will get a harsh reality check when they discover their only

extras are medical and dental insurance. Additionally, those new to the workplace

will come to realize that they must work an average of nine hours more each

week than their senior coworkers. And with just seven days of annual leave,

one’s hopes of a lengthy trip to Hawaii will be quickly dashed. However, dreams

can come true! Although some of you might be let down, many of you will find

that the sky’s the limit.

24

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

C. Complete the ReportFinish the chart with words or expressions you hear. There may be more than one possible answer.

Newcastle College Football Tryouts Report

Andy seems to be very determined, but his size puts him at a significant 1. ___________ against other players. He’ll definitely have to 2. ________________ now. I hope he will

3. ___________ in his efforts this year.

Tom made the team last year, but I’m afraid he might

4. __________________ this season if he doesn’t take the tryouts seriously. If he plans on keeping his 5. ___________, he will have to 6. __________________.

I would hate for Billy to 7. __________________ of playing professionally because of a sprained ankle. He has always

8. __________________ to achieve his personal best in the past, so I’m not too concerned about his resolution.

disadvantagego all out

persevere

drop the ballscholarship

pull out all the stops

blow his chance

taken great pains

25

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

Audio Transcripts:

Dialogue 1

Coach Jones: Andy, you aren’t as bulky as the rest of these guys, so you are at

a disadvantage. If you want to make the team, you’ll need to try

your hardest.

Andy: I understand, coach.

Coach Jones: You’re not going to get anywhere if you perform like last year. If

you want to impress me, you must persevere in spite of your size.

Andy: Don’t worry! I won’t fall flat on my face this time.

26

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

Audio Transcripts:

Dialogue 2

Tommy: It’s been ages since I saw you, coach!

Coach Jones: Stop kidding around, Tommy. I saw you two days ago. Now listen

up. Just because you made the team last year doesn’t mean you

won’t drop the ball now. You need to have a resolute attitude

toward these tryouts.

Tommy: I will go all out. I practiced every day this summer!

Coach Jones: I hope so. Don’t risk losing that scholarship by taking your talent

for granted. You still have to pull out all the stops.

27

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

Audio Transcripts:

Dialogue 3

Coach Jones: How is your twisted ankle, Billy?

Billy: It’s almost at 100 percent. I’m taking pain medicine, but the doctor

said there won’t be any side effects.

Coach Jones: I don’t want you to blow your chance of becoming a professional

by not letting your ankle heal fully.

Billy: I will absolutely take great pains to pass the tryouts. I won’t let

this injury deter me.

Coach Jones: I have faith in you, Billy. Just be careful to take care of that leg of

yours.

28

GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

Future in the PastWe normally use the future in the past to talk about something we thought was going to happen. Remember that it is not important whether or not it does actually happen.

Form Usage Example

would + V. to offer or promise, to predict something

• He promised he would drive me to the airport.

was / were going to + V.

to plan or predict something • She was going to be an ER nurse and ended up as a housewife.

was / were +

V-ing

to talk about a future situation in the past

• I was planning to be a surgeon, but the enormous

tuition costs dashed my hopes.

was / were +

about to + V.

to explain that something almost happens when something else (unexpectedly) happens

• They stopped by my house just as I was about to leave for work.

29

GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

Usage Note

As with other future forms, the future in the past is not used in

clauses starting with time expressions such as before, by the time, as

soon as, or when. In such cases, use the simple past.

Example:

• Dana already told Selma that when she arrived [would arrive], we

would go to the amusement park.

Future in the PastWe normally use the future in the past to talk about something we thought was going to happen. Remember that it is not important whether or not it does actually happen.

30

GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

Perfect ModalsWe often use the following structure to express the degree of certainty about past events: modal + have + past participle.

Perfect Modal Usage Example

must have + past participle

fairly certain something

happened

• Ted didn’t look well this morning. He must have caught a cold.

may / might / could

have + past participle

not certain if something

happened

• Eddie hasn’t gotten here yet. He may / might / could have missed the train.

should have + past

participle

needed to do something

but did not

• I should have enrolled in that career workshop to get

inspiration.

would have + past

participle

planned to do something

but did not

• I would have signed up for that, but I had basketball

practice.

31

1. Betty _________________ (fly) to Manila yesterday, but her flight was overbooked.

2. I haven’t seen my neighbor for a while. He _________________ (go) on a vacation abroad.

3. I thought they _________________ (have) fun at the party, but they said it was disastrous.

4. Molly _________________ (forget) to bring her ID because they won’t let her into the disco.

5. I _________________ (study) harder for the exam. That way, I _________________ (not flunk) it.

6. Nelson _________________ (pay) the bill when he realized that his wallet was missing. He _________________ (put) it in his front pocket.

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

A. Complete the SentencesFill in the correct forms of the words. Some blanks may have more than one possible answer.

may / might / could have gone

would have / would have had

must have forgotten

should have studied

was about to pay

was going to fly

wouldn’t have flunked

should have put

32

1. Where did you put my glasses and keys, Kristen? _____

2. We shouldn’t have painted the wall gray. It looks so dreary. _____

3. Where’s Danny? He was going to help me with my math assignment. _____

4. I was going to play table tennis, but I had to babysit my sister’s kid. _____

5. The place is in utter chaos. Don’t you ever tidy up? _____

a. I absolutely agree. We should have used a more cheerful color.

b. That’s thoughtful of you. She must have really appreciated that.

c. I would have cleaned up, but you’re here early. I was just about to

vacuum the floor.

d. Let me think. I may have left them on the dining room table.

e. I haven’t got the faintest idea. I haven’t seen him all day.

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

B. MatchMatch the statement with the most appropriate response.

d

a

e

b

c

33

With the new iPhone coming out, you’re probably considering selling your old

model. Chances are you spent a fortune on it and would like to get some money

back. You think that you 1. _________________ (not pay) so much for it. Well,

don’t worry. Apple products normally have a considerably higher resale value than

those of other brands, even if they are secondhand. A year ago, I

2. _________________ (sell) my iPhone 2 to a used electronics store. A friend

recommended that I try an online auction site instead. I 3. _________________

(get) NT$3,000 from the shop. In the end, I earned double that sum by selling it on

Yahoo!, and I believe I 4. _________________ (make) even more. So remember:

your old iPhone does have monetary worth. If you haven’t been able to sell it, you

5. _________________ (not try) hard enough.

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

C. Complete the PassageFinish the passage using the correct tenses. Some blanks may have more than one possible answer.

Each week, tech expert Doug de Nimes answers your questions in Ask Doug . . .

Computer Age Magazine

shouldn’t have paid

was about to sell / was selling

would have gotten

could have made

must not have tried

was going to sell /

34

Scan the article below. Match the numbers with the things they refer to.

1. 50

2. 14

3. 5

4. 400

5. 8

READING─PRE-READING TASK

a. The age that Hannah set up a charity organization

b. The age that Hannah met someone in need

c. The age of Suhas when he started his own business

d. The millions of dollars ModCloth is worth

e. The number of employees at Globals Inc.

d

c

b

e

a

35

It may come as a surprise, but many of the world’s leading

businesses were established by people under the age of 30. Google,

Facebook, and Microsoft, among others, were all set up by college

students, and today these companies dominate their respective

industries. For those of you who have the makings of a young

entrepreneur, read on for inspiration.

READING

p.42

36

Susan Gregg Koger has always had a passion for unique clothes

and good deals. As a college freshman, she and her boyfriend sold

vintage clothing they found at thrift stores through an online shop

they created. Although the site was useful for extra income, they

knew that if this hobby was going to be a full-time job, they would

have to expand. They began purchasing clothing from independent

designers to carry along with their vintage findings. Today, ModCloth

has over 200 employees, and the company is valued at more than

$50 million!

READING

p.42

37

READING

After teaching himself the ins and outs of programming software

and building websites, Suhas Gopinath opened his IT consultancy

company, Globals Inc., at the age of 14. Using his shrewd business

sense, Suhas registered his business as a corporation and thus

became the world’s youngest CEO. Now, Globals Inc. has offices in

several countries and employs more than 400 people. Even though

he could have sold the company for hundreds of millions of dollars,

Suhas prefers to continue leading his own enterprise.

p.42

38

READING

At five years old, Hannah Taylor saw her first homeless person.

She was strongly affected by the realization that some people have

nothing and decided that she would assist the needy people of

Canada. When she turned eight years old, she founded the Ladybug

Foundation. This charity collects funds to help the homeless and

raises awareness of the issue. Even though she’s now a busy

teenager, Hannah still works relentlessly with the foundation. She

constantly visits schools and other venues to spread the message

that the problem of homelessness could be eliminated.

p.42

39

READING

Nowadays, young competent and successful business leaders

are common all around the world. This shows that no matter your

age, when you have the zeal to make your dream a reality, you can

launch an organization that will thrive!

p.42

40

READING

Young people who take on huge responsibilities, like a business,

can miss out on enjoying youthful freedoms. Look at Mark

Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, or Justin Bieber, pop star. They’ve

made millions but are constantly working to meet up to people’s

expectations. What are the advantages and disadvantages of starting

a business before adulthood?

Discussion

41

READING ─AFTER YOU READ

A. Fill in the Missing LettersComplete the sentences with words from the article.

1. Even after a terrible breakup, nothing could diminish Samantha’s z__________1 for romance.

2. He worked r__________y to finish the project ahead of the deadline.

3. In times of economic recession, the ability to be s__________d in business transactions is crucial.

4. Melissa wants to hire someone that is more c__________t than her current assistant.

5. After the police arrived at the demonstration, the college students retreated to their r__________e dorm rooms.

ea

elentlessl

hrew

ompeten

espectiv

p.36

p.37

p.38

p.39

p.40

42

eliminate launch adore charity corporation vintage independent consultation enthusiasm


B. Complete the ProfilesFinish the passages with the correct forms of the words provided.

Susan Gregg Koger founded her business when she was still in college. She

1. ___________

fashion and wants to share her 2. ___________ with others. She sells

3. ___________

clothing and commissions

outfits by 4. ___________

designers. Now, her company is worth over $50 million.

Surprisingly, Suhas

Gopinath, the world’s

youngest CEO, was just

14 when he established

his 5. ___________. Also

intriguing is that he

educated himself in the

complex field of IT. His

company provides

6. ___________ to other

businesses regarding

technical problems.

As a child, Hannah Taylor was greatly inspired to start a(n)

7. ___________ after seeing a

needy person. At eight years

old, she 8. ___________ the

Ladybug Foundation. Today, she

frequents schools where she

helps raise consciousness about

the efforts to 9. ___________

homelessness.

Susan Gregg Koger Suhas Gopinath Hannah Taylor

corporation

consultations

charity

launched

eliminate

adores

enthusiasm

vintage

independent

43


C. Multiple ChoiceCircle the answers.

1. Where did Koger find the clothing that sheoriginally sold at ModCloth?

a. They were made by college students.

b. They were found at secondhand shops.

c. They were from her favorite clothing sites.

d. They were created by self-employed designers.

44



2. Why has Gopinath NOT sold his company?

a. He would rather manage it himself.

b. He hasn’t received a worthwhile offer.

c. He has sold it but still oversees the business as CEO.

d. Investors are reluctant to spend money on such a new venture.

45



3. What is the objective of Taylor’s charity?

a. To help children who are unaware that homelessness exists

b. To give advice on how charities can assist a corporation

c. To tackle the problem of people not having a place to live

d. To teach people how to sell merchandise online

46



4. What is TRUE about young entrepreneurs?

a. They are normally too inefficient to launch their own businesses.

b. Those under 30 will need abundant financial aid to get started.

c. Most of them create charities in order to earn recognition.

d. They have proven to be just as remarkable as older ones.

47

WRITING SKILLS

Introduction Hooks

To grab your audience’s attention, use a hook! It can be:

□ a surprising fact □ an interesting story

□ a famous quote □ a rhetorical question

48

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

______ Then be an entrepreneur and become your own boss! While turning a profit

might be a prolonged process, the positives of working for yourself outnumber the

negatives. Everyone has a specialty or skill to offer society. Once you determine

what yours is, you’ll be on the road to financial freedom.

WRITING SKILLS

Task IWrite the letter of the hook that best fits the following introductory paragraph.

a. I’d always dreamed of starting a security company, but the uncertainty of generating enough income held me back.

c. Do you wish you could set your own work schedule? Are you tired of

meeting someone else’s demands?

b. Nolan Bushnell, who’s founded over 20 successful businesses, once said, “The true entrepreneur is a doer, not a dreamer.”

d. Even though large corporations dominate the US economy, small businesses employ roughly 50 percent of America’s workers.

c

49

WRITING SKILLS

Conclusion Clinchers

A clincher is the conclusion’s impacting final statement. An effective clincher refers back to the hook by:

□ making a prediction based □ finishing the storyon the fact

□ mentioning the quotation □ asking a final rhetorical question

50

Having a flexible schedule, choosing your colleagues, and feeling fulfilled

by your work are all motivating reasons to become self-employed. ________

______________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

WRITING SKILLS

Task IIWrite a conclusion clincher below. Relate it to the hook you chose in Task I.

So what

are you waiting for? Quit your dull job and start working for yourself today!

51

WRITING SKILLS─BEFORE YOU WRITE

Visit the site www.thehersheycompany.com to learn about The Hershey Company. Write down information that could be used as a hook and / or clincher in an essay about the company.

STATISTICS STORIES SAYINGS

• Hershey’s employs

around 13,700

employees and sells

$4 billion worth of

products annually.

• • “Caramels are only a

fad. Chocolate is a

permanent thing.” —

Milton Hershey

Milton S. Hershey, a

candy-making genius,

suffered two failed

candy businesses

before establishing the

caramel company that

would later become

Hershey’s.

52

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________

WRITING SKILLS─WRITE IT UP

Write an introduction and conclusion for the essay about Hershey’s below. Use the information you collected above to write an effective hook and clincher.

Title:Title: __________________________ (Be creative.)Building with Chocolate

Milton Hershey, a candy-making genius, knew what he

was talking about when he said, “Caramels are only a fad.

Chocolate is a permanent thing.” Hershey’s chocolate has

been putting a smile on people’s faces since 1900, when the

chocolate bar was introduced. Although the founder had

difficulty with his other businesses, Hershey’s has become

an internationally known brand, both for chocolate and for

generosity.

hook

53

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Milton Hershey was born in rural Pennsylvania in 1857. Despite growing up

with little formal education, Milton established the successful Lancaster Caramel

Company. He became passionate about the art of making chocolate and began

coating his caramel candies in it. Chocolate was expensive back then, and

Milton realized that he could find a way to manufacture affordable chocolate so

that everyone would be able to enjoy its rich taste. After numerous experiments,

he discovered a recipe for delicious milk chocolate. Hershey’s chocolate was

born!



54

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________



The Hershey’s chocolate bar was quite profitable, and Milton put those profits

to good use. He believed that workers who were treated well would produce

better products. Therefore, he made improving his town a priority, spending

money to build a community building, convention hall, and schools. In fact, Milton

Hershey School has been providing education to children from lower-income

families since 1909. Hershey, PA, could have been a completely different place if

it weren’t for Milton’s charity.

55

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________



Without Milton, Hershey, PA, wouldn’t even exist, and

people would have to spend a small fortune to get their

hands on chocolate. Thank goodness Milton Hershey

recognized the permanent popularity of this tasty treat.

Imagine what we could have missed out on!

clincher

56

The End

1 unit 3. 2 let them dream! though today’s society pressures young people to immediately select a...

Documents

successful career

task ifill

task iiuse

dream job

ultimate dream

career choices

job ads

occupation nouns