1 unit 4. 2 break the ice task i listen to jessica talking about her health. fill in the blanks and...
TRANSCRIPT
1
UNIT 4
2
Break the Ice
Task I Listen to Jessica talking about her health. Fill in the blanks and check the boxes.
153 57 71
3
Break the Ice
Audio Transcripts:
University life has been very busy, so I haven’t exercised since I
started. When I weighed myself, I almost cried. I used to weigh 50
kilograms. Now, I am 57! I’m only 153 centimeters tall, so I need to lose
weight. My waist size has gone from 64 centimeters to 71 centimeters
in the last year. I’m also having trouble in school. I just can’t pay
attention because I’m always tired. I have difficulty sleeping at night. I
don’t know what the problem is. But nothing seems to motivate me. I
guess I’m just depressed. When I went to see the school nurse, she
wanted to know how many portions of fruit and vegetables I have a day.
For the past three months, I’ve only eaten junk food. Luckily, I don’t
smoke or drink alcohol, or my health would be even worse.
4
1. Could you please turn down the TV? I need to
______________ my homework.
2. People watch 28 hours of television every week
______________.
concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression /
on average / portion / daily / physical
Break the Ice
Task II Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.
concentrate on
on average
5
3. Emma is very fit because she jogs ______________.
4. A big part of being a teacher is to ______________
students.
concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression /
on average / portion / daily / physical
Break the Ice
daily
motivate
Task II Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.
6
5. Teenagers are under a lot of ______________ to
pass exams.
6. I like to play ______________ sports, like boxing and
hockey.
concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression /
on average / portion / daily / physical
Break the Ice
pressure
physical
Task II Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.
7
7. John was hungry, so he ordered a bigger
______________.
8. Women experience ______________ nearly twice as
often as men.
concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression /
on average / portion / daily / physical
Break the Ice
portion
depression
Task II Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.
8
Expand Your Vocabulary
A. Class Interview Look at the quotes below. Who are the people? What do they do?
Michael Jordan: Conditioning and nutrition are important to
participating in athletic events.
Patrick Dempsey: I need to be in shape to be competitive as
a racecar driver.
Aaron Eckhart: Even after a late night, I get up and run at
six a.m. [. . .] It keeps me alert.
Michelle Obama: We can make portion sizes smaller and
emphasize quality over quantity.
9
Expand Your Vocabulary
A. Class Interview Write the names of the famous people and your own tip. Ask a partner which is most important.
How Do They Stay Healthy?Most
Important
1. ________________ recommends small amounts of food.
2. Jogging can help wake up ________________.
3. ________________ trained and ate right to compete.
4. ________________ needs to be fit to be good at his job.
(Your own tip)
______________________________
Michelle Obama
Aaron Eckhart
Patrick Dempsey
Michael Jordan
10
1. T □ F □ Her mother says she should eat healthy
food.
2. T □ F □ Her mother is a gym teacher.
3. T □ F □ Her father thinks that working out is
important for staying healthy.
4. T □ F □ She likes to take part in athletic events.
5. T □ F □ When eating, she eats big portions.
6. T □ F □ Eating a lot of food helps to keep her awake in
class.
Expand Your Vocabulary
B. Listen Up
Listen to the audio and read the statements. Check T for true or F for false.
11
Expand Your Vocabulary
Audio Transcripts:
My family worries too much about my health. When I moved out of my
parents’ home, my mom said, “Don’t forget about nutrition when you’re
away at college. Stay away from junk food!” My dad is a PE teacher, and
he always emphasizes exercise. But my parents don’t have to worry
about me staying in shape. First, I am very competitive, especially in
sports. I’ll spend a lot of time playing basketball, hockey, and so on. My
real motivation is feeling good. That’s why I’ve also made a commitment
to eat fruit, vegetables, and lots of whole grains too. And I prefer smaller
quantities when I eat. If I eat too much, I feel sleepy during the afternoon
and, I can’t stay alert in class. Sometimes I wish my family would take it
easy. I guess they just care about me.
12
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.
Expand Your Vocabulary
C. Language Tip
When someone is healthy, we’ll often say they’re in shape. To describe someone’s body, we’ll usually use figure (for women) and build (for men).
1. Wow! The actress in this movie has a great ______________.
2. I hired a personal trainer to help me get back ______________.
3. My brother has a strong ______________. He wants to become
a professional football player.
figure
in shape
build
13
Conversation
Open with default media player
14
1. I’m really packing on the pounds.
a. I’m getting fatter.
b. I’m getting thinner.
2. You’re in good shape, Darla.
a. You look fit.
b. You’re good at making shapes.
Dialogue Zone
A. Meanings in Context Choose the meaning of the sentence in the conversation.
15
3. I am on a diet.
a. I eat different kinds of food.
b. I control what I eat.
4. I don’t feel up to running.
a. I don’t feel well enough to run.
b. I don’t like running uphill.
Dialogue Zone
Choose the meaning of the sentence in the conversation.
A. Meanings in Context
16
5. You can help motivate me.
a. You can teach me how to exercise.
b. If you are there, it will encourage me.
Dialogue Zone
Choose the meaning of the sentence in the conversation.
A. Meanings in Context
17
1. He’s getting big. He doesn’t fit into the baby seat anymore.
____
He fits in well with the other students. ____
The pants fit her very nicely. ____
Definition: a. v. to become part of the group
b. v. to get into
c. v. to be the right size
Dialogue Zone
B. Words with Different Meanings Match the word in bold with its definition.
b
a
c
18
2. This shirt is so tight that I can’t lift my arms. ____
He held on tight to the chair during the earthquake. ____
Definition: a. adj. too small b. adv. very firmly
Dialogue Zone
B. Words with Different Meanings Match the word in bold with its definition.
a
b
19
3. I feel faint because I’ve been in the sun for too long. ____
He was so afraid that he fainted onto the floor. ____
Definition: a. adj. feeling weak and unwell
b. v. to fall over as if asleep
Dialogue Zone
B. Words with Different Meanings Match the word in bold with its definition.
a
b
20
1. Why does Darla say she’s gaining
weight?
a. She weighs herself on a scale.
b. She eats too much food.
c. Her favorite dress is too small.
d. She can’t stand up.
Dialogue Zone
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
21
2. How is the diet making Darla feel?
a. Darla feels full of energy.
b. Darla feels motivated to exercise.
c. Darla has been interested in swimming.
d. Darla has been weak recently.
Dialogue Zone
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
22
3. What does James suggest Darla
eat?
a. Only meat
b. Vegetables and soup
c. No bread or other carbohydrates
d. Lots of protein
Dialogue Zone
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
23
4. What kind of exercise will Darla do?
a. Jogging
b. Going for a swim
c. Going hiking
d. Any sport
Dialogue Zone
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
24
Useful Expressions
low in salt
are high in / rich in / full of calcium
25
Useful Expressions
is in (good) shape
cut down on / stay away from
26
Useful Expressions
27
1. T □ F □ U □ To build muscle, a diet needs to have a
lot of protein.
2. T □ F □ U □ You can get protein from steaks
and hamburgers.
3. T □ F □ U □ You shouldn’t eat turkey because
it’s full of fat.
4. T □ F □ U □ Most people eat too much sodium.
Expression Practice
A. True, False, or Unknown Listen to the audio. Check T if the statement is true, F if it’s false, or U if it’s unknown.
28
5. T □ F □ U □ Cheese contains a high level of
calcium.
6. T □ F □ U □ Avoiding salt is important to exercisers.
7. T □ F □ U □ You should stay away from fried food
because it has a lot of sugar.
8. T □ F □ U □ Fatty food tastes better than low-fat
food.
Expression Practice
A. True, False, or Unknown Listen to the audio. Check T if the statement is true, F if it’s false, or U if it’s unknown.
29
Expression Practice
Audio Transcripts:
In addition to exercising, you need to eat certain foods if you’re trying
to build muscle. Your diet has to be rich in protein. Red meats are high
in protein, so eat steaks and hamburgers. White turkey is also good
because it’s both full of protein and low in fat. You need strong bones
as well as muscles, so eat foods that are rich in calcium, like cheese.
Also, remember to take in enough salt. Frequent exercisers need to
make sure they don’t lose too much salt from sweating. There are also
a few foods to avoid. Fried foods are high in fat, so keep away from
them. And don’t eat too much sugar.
30
1. Randall started __________ on the pounds after the
restaurant opened.
2. Randall is trying to __________ weight. He wants to
__________ a diet.
3. Experts tell you not to eat __________ food and avoid
__________.
4. Dieting is too much __________ for Donovan.
Expression Practice
B. Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentences with the words you hear. Some blanks have more than one word.
packing
lose
go on
delicious
dessert
work
31
5. Donovan never __________ a diet. He is fit and has a(n) _
_________ body.
6. Randall is out of __________. If he doesn’t watch what he
eats, he puts on __________.
7. Randall thinks biking is __________ than following a(n) __
________.
8. Donovan hasn’t got enough __________ for a car or ____
______.
Expression Practice
B. Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentences with the words you hear. Some blanks have more than one word.
diet
keeps to
amazing
money
food
shape
weight
harder
32
Expression Practice
Audio Transcripts:
Randall: You know, I’m packing on the pounds because of the new hot dog place
next door. I think I need to lose weight. Maybe I should go on a diet.
Donovan: I can never keep to a diet. Experts just tell you to cut down on
delicious food and stay away from dessert. Diets are too much work.
Randall: You’re in good shape though. How do you do it?
Donovan: I have an amazing body. I just eat whatever I want.
Randall: I’m jealous. I do that and I just put on weight. I’m so out of shape.
Donovan: I also bike 15 kilometers a day.
Randall: Wow! That must be difficult. That seems harder than following a diet.
Donovan: Yeah, but it’s my only way to get to work. I don’t have money for a car.
I also don’t have a lot of money for food.
33
1. What is Dennis’ job?
a. Building houses
b. Managing floors
c. Finding roof problems
d. Plumbing
2. How does Dennis feel?
a. He is coughing and has a
fever.
b. He has stomach pain.
c. He doesn’t like his job.
d. He feels dizzy when he
stands.
Expression Practice
C. Multiple Choice
Listen to the audio and circle the answers.
34
4. When did Dennis first get sick?
a. He was sick a month ago.
b. He has been sick for a day.
c. He was sick for two weeks.
d. He has been sick for a
week.
3. Who cared for Dennis while he
was sick?
a. His wife
b. The hospital
c. No one
d. Some friends
Expression Practice
C. Multiple Choice
Listen to the audio and circle the answers.
35
Expression Practice
Audio Transcripts:
I’m so sick that I can’t go to work. I have a job as a roof inspector, and I
feel dizzy whenever I stand up. How am I supposed to walk around on
a rooftop like that? I need to be able to get out on the roof and look for
problems, but I’m too dizzy to climb a ladder. It started last week when I
was caught outside in a thunderstorm. I was coughing, and I had a
fever after I came home. I wasn’t feeling strong enough to work, so I
stayed home for a few days while my wife took care of me. The
coughing and fever went away, and I thought I’d keep getting better, but
I still don’t feel up to going back to my job.
36
Grammar Spotlight
37
Grammar Spotlight
38
1. Whom did you talk to earlier?
→ Jean asked me ________________________________.
2. Where did Gareth learn how to skate?
→ I wonder _____________________________________.
3. How did he get the job?
→ ___________________________________ is a mystery.
where Gareth learned how to skate
How he got the job
whom you talked to earlier
Grammar Practice
A. Rewrite the Sentence Complete the sentences using a noun clause.
39
4. We don’t communicate well.
→ Our problem is ________________________________.
5. Why is that woman standing outside?
→ He is curious about _____________________________.
6. We need to take out the trash tomorrow.
→ It is important
__________________________________.
(that) we don’t communicate well
why that woman is standing outside
(that) we take out the trash tomorrow
Grammar Practice
A. Rewrite the Sentence Complete the sentences using a noun clause.
40
1. I lost my mother’s ring. She asked
me where _________.
a. is her ring
b. her ring was
c. is your ring
d. was her ring
Grammar Practice
B. Multiple Choice Circle the answers.
41
2. The neighbors are playing their music loudly. I
can’t hear what ________.
a. is saying you
b. you says
c. you are saying
d. that you says
Grammar Practice
B. Multiple Choice Circle the answers.
42
3. The little boy next door is popular, but I don’t
know how many _________.
a. friends does he have
b. does he have friends
c. friends has he
d. friends he has
Grammar Practice
B. Multiple Choice Circle the answers.
43
4. I’m not going to fix up my
apartment.
_________ is too expensive.
a. Whether I want to do
b. What do I want to do
c. What I want to do
d. That I want to do
Grammar Practice
B. Multiple Choice Circle the answers.
44
Grammar Practice
C. Match Match the two parts.
45
Reading
46
Reading
Does diet soda help you lose weight? Will eating before bed
make you fat? Most people think they know the answers.
There are, however, many myths about diet and exercise.
Believing these myths can be bad for you. It might make your
diet or exercise routine less effective.
47
Reading
Will you gain weight if you eat late-night snacks? No. People
think that if they eat before bed, their bodies won’t burn off
those calories. In fact, it’s not important when you eat. Your
body will always turn extra calories into fat.
48
Reading
Is diet soda better than regular soda? The answer is yes. That
doesn’t mean you can have diet drinks all the time. They are
still unhealthy because you can develop diabetes from
drinking them.
49
Reading
Do vegetarians have more trouble building muscle? Most
people would agree. After all, you need meat to become
strong, right? Wrong! If you want to build muscle, you need
protein. Beef, fish, and chicken all have protein. You can also
get protein from cheese, nuts, and grain. Be careful. Protein is
good, but too much can be harmful.
50
Reading
Before going to the gym or starting a diet, do some research.
The right information is as important as hard work.
51
1. Nothing special happened today. It was just another
routine day. ____
When I get to work, I follow the same routine. I turn on the
computer and make coffee. ____
Definition: a. adj. usual
b. n. the things you usually do
Reading
A. Words with Different Meanings
Match the word in bold with its definition.
b
a
52
2. My uncle is a regular at this restaurant. He comes every
Friday. ____
The hockey player is just a regular guy. He’s not famous
at all. ____
It rains in Seattle on a regular basis. ____
Definition: a. n. someone who often goes to the same
place b. adj. happening often
c. adj. ordinary, not special
Reading
A. Words with Different Meanings
Match the word in bold with its definition.
a
c
b
53
3. I know a great vegetarian restaurant. Its salad tastes
amazing. ____
I can’t eat this chicken because I’m a vegetarian. ____
Definition: a. n. someone who does not eat meat
b. adj. without meat
Reading
A. Words with Different Meanings
Match the word in bold with its definition.
b
a
54
1. This is a(n) __________ treatment for cancer. The doctor s
ays it will work. (useful)
2. Drinking all the time is __________. It could even cause de
ath. (hurts you)
3. I’m __________ with my homework. Can you help me? (ha
ve problems)
myth effective unhealthy
have trouble harmful research
Reading
B. Word Definitions
Use the clues to fill in the blanks with the word choices given. Change the word form if necessary.
effective
harmful
having trouble
55
4. You won’t get sick from being out in cold weather. It’s a(n) _
_________. (untrue story)
5. Dr. Wang is doing __________ on the history of Taiwan. (st
udy)
6. Eating too much food is __________. You need to control y
ourself. (bad for you)
myth effective unhealthy
have trouble harmful research
B. Word Definitions
Use the clues to fill in the blanks with the word choices given. Change the word form if necessary.
Reading
myth
research
unhealthy
56
1. According to the writer, what does eating before bed
do?
a. It makes you fat.
b. It helps you to sleep.
c. It causes you to go crazy.
d. It does nothing.
Reading
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
57
2. Which of the following statements is true?
a. All soda damages your health.
b. Only normal soda is bad for you.
c. Diet soda will make you lose weight.
d. Don’t worry about how much diet soda you drink.
Reading
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
58
3. Why are diet drinks still unhealthy?
a. They will burn off calories.
b. They can give you diabetes.
c. They have too much protein.
d. They don’t let you build muscle.
Reading
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
59
4. If you want to get stronger, it is helpful to eat . . .
a. a lot.
b. only meat.
c. protein.
d. salad.
Reading
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
60
Writing
Task IYou are a trainer. Read the ad and think about how you can help Dan. Write some notes on the right.
61
Writing
Reply to Dan’s ad (80-120 words). Include some of the words and phrases below.
Task II
Hi Dan,
I’m Henry, and I’ve been a personal trainer for five years. I saw your ad, and I think I can help you. I will concentrate on nutrition to help you deal with your weight problem. You’ll need to go on a diet. It should be low in fat. I’ll also ask you to have small portions five times a day. What is your current weight? I’ll try to motivate you to get daily exercise. I will have you work out at home, and I’ll accompany you when you take a run in the park twice a week on average. What times are you free during the week? Do you have any other health problems?
I hope this helps. When would you like to start?
Yours,Henry
62
The End