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Wang Wang QimingQiming

Counsellor for S & TCounsellor for S & T

Embassy of the People’s Republic of ChinaEmbassy of the People’s Republic of China

12 September 200712 September 2007

Solar Energy Utilization in China

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Contents

China solar energy industryChina solar energy industry

Government support to solar Government support to solar

energy industryenergy industry

Future trends and key Future trends and key

development areasdevelopment areas

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China solar energy China solar energy industryindustry

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China solar energy industry

Solar energy utilization includes:

Solar power generation Photovoltaic power (mainstream)

Solar thermal power

Solar heat utilization Solar water heater (mainstream)

Others: solar house, solar oven, solar dryer and solar sea water desalination

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Solar Power Generation

Solar Photovoltaic Power 1984: annual output 200 KM

1988: annual output 4.5 MW

2005: annual output 139 MW

2006: annual output 300 MW

China: ranking the 3rd in the world

Solar energy efficiency of monocrystalline silicon cell : 11-13% (commercial), 25% (in lab)

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Solar Power Generation

Solar Photovoltaic Power (up to 2006)

Mainly in west China used in rural areas, communication stations, oil fields, transport stations, meteorology and military posts

40 solar PV power stations built with total capacity: 600 KW

150,000 solar power units in rural areas, total capacity: 2.9MW

Lanzhou-Lhasa optical fiber cables, solar pv power used in 26 communication stations

216 satellite earth stations in Tibet powered by solar panel

A solar power station in Tibet

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China solar heat utilization

Solar heat utilization in China Includes 5 parts:

solar water heater (mainstream)

solar house

solar oven

solar dryer

solar sea water desalination

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China solar heat utilization

Development up to year 2004Development up to year 2004

2004 production in 1,000 M2

Total amount in 1,000 M2/pcs

Solar water heater 13,500 62,000

Solar house 20,000

Solar oven 500

Solar dryer R&D in demo stage

Solar seawater desalination

R&D in demo stage

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Solar Water Heater

Year Production(1000 m2)

Increase(%)

Total amount (1000 m2)

Sale (%)

1998 3,500 15,000

1999 5,000 43 20,000 33

2000 6,400 28 26,000 30

2001 8,200 28 32,000 23

2002 10,000 22 40,000 25

2003 12,000 20 50,000 25

2004 13,500 12.5 62,000 24

2005 15,000 11.1 75,000 21

2006 18,000 20 90,000 20

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Solar Water Heater

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

Annual outputTotal Amount

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Solar water heater

Three kinds of solar water heater: vacuum tube, flat Plat and direct solarization

In 2004, total output of solar water heater 13.5 million m2

Vacuum tube type:11.8 million m2, 87.5% of the total

Flat plat type: 1.525 million m2, 11.3% of the total

Direct solarization: 0.162 million m2, 1.2% of the total

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Application of Solar Water Heater

Main users are family households Market share in 2001

Gas heater 20.5% Electrical water heater 11.2% Solar water heater 5.7%

Market share in 2004 Gas heater 22.9% Electrical water heater 15.4% Solar water heater 12.3%

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Governmental Governmental Support to Solar Support to Solar Energy IndustryEnergy Industry

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R & D Input

Chinese government has been increasing R&D support to renewable energy industry

Main programmes: Key Research Program, 863 program, 973 program, Natural Science Foundation

R&D input （￥ to Rs times 5.2 ） 7th five-year (1985-89): ￥ 30 million 8th five-year (1990-95): ￥ 30 million 9th five-year (1996-00): ￥ 60 million 10th five-years (2001-05): ￥ 220 million

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Financial support

From 1987 to 1997, ￥ 120 million per year technical innovation loan to support renewable energy industries

In 2002, ￥ 175 million technical innovation loan further allocated to the production lines upgrading solar industries

Financial support also available from local governments

In 2007, National Reform and Planning Commission launched a “bright project” with ￥ 10 billion to application of PV power

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Promote standardization and legislation

The standard systems set up for solar water heater

Standard system for solar water heater, including

16 national technical standards and 3 industrial

standards

All production in solar water heaters are

standardized consistent to the standard systems

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Promote standardization and legislation

Setting up a solar water heater quality monitoring and authentication system

Three quality monitoring centers set up in Beijing, Wuhan and Kunming

An authentication center set up in Beijing by 2004

Legislation

On 28 February 2005 China released the Renewable Energy Act, enforcing from 1 January 2006

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Future development Future development and key development and key development areasareas

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China’s Long-Term Plan for Renewable Energies up to 2020

On the day of 4 September 2007, China released a plan for next 13 years of renewable energies up to 2020

By 2010 renewable energies 10% of total consumption; by 2020 reaches 15%

2010 2020

Hydro power

190 GW 300 GW

Bio- power

5.5 GW 30 GW

Windpower

5 GW 30 GW

Solarpower

0.5 GW 1.8 GW

Solar is more expensive, still 7 times higher than coal power

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Solar Market Development

Combination of solar energy in building industry China’s building and real estate

industries in fast moving, annual building completion area 200 million m2

Goal: contributing 6.5% of energy consumption of buildings

Many cities in China launched scheme of “solar hotwater for million houses”

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Solar Market Development

Rural areas, a huge market for solar energy utilization in 2000, total housing area 17 billion m2

in 2020, total housing area 26 billion m2

Rural housing is scattered in a vast areas, traditional energy (coal, electricity, natural gas), not technically and economically efficient

But a great potential for solar energy in rural areas where there is no access to electricity and natural gas

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Solar Market Development

Toward remote areas: Solar power station for telecommunication

Solar power unit for satellite ground stations

Solar power pumps

Solar power station for schools

Solar power unit for individual farmer households

Solar power unit for frontier military posts

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Technology Development Treads

Integration of solar energy in buildings

Solar lights Solar city demo in Baoding Solar energy sea water

desalination Solar drying technique and

its application Medium and high

temperature utilization (thermal power generation)

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Thank You！