10-04-2013 - government arts college,...
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10-04-2013
BOS MEMBERS
RESOLUTIONS
SYLLABUS, LIST OF PRACTICALS,
MODAL PAPERS, LIST OF EXAMINERS
10-04-2013
SYLLABUS
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS): RAJAHMUNDRY
I B.Sc., PHYSICS NEW SYLLABUS
(REVISED SYLLABUS WITH EFFECT FROM 2013-14) SEMESTER –I
Mechanics
Unit – I
1. Vector Analysis (10):
Scalar and vector fields, gradient of a scalar field and its physical significance. Divergence
and curl of a vector field and related problems. Vector integration, line, surface and volume
integrals. Stokes, Gauss and Greens theorems- simple applications.
2. Mechanics of Particles(10)
Laws of motion, motion of variable mass system, motion of a rocket, multi-stage rocket,
conservation of energy and momentum. Collisions in two and three dimensions, concept of
impact parameter, scattering cross-section, Rutherford scattering
3. Mechanics of rigid bodies(10)
Definition of Rigid body, rotational kinematics relations, equation of motion for a rotating
body, angular momentum and inertial tensor. Euler’s equation, precession of a top,
Gyroscope, precession of the equinoxes
Unit – II
4. Mechanics of continuous media (8)
Classification of beams, types of bending, point load, distributed load, shearing force and
bending moment, sign conventions, simple supported beam carrying a concentrated load at
mid span, cantilever with an end load
5. Central forces (12)
Central forces – definition and examples, conservative nature of central forces, conservative
force as a negative gradient of potential energy, equation of motion under a central force,
gravitational potential and gravitational field, motion under inverse square law, derivation of
Kepler’s laws, Coriolis force and its expressions.
6. Special theory of relativity (10)
Galilean relativity, absolute frames, Michelson-Morley experiment, Postulates of special
theory of relativity. Lorenz transformation, time dilation, length contraction, addition of
velocities, mass-energy relation. Concept of four vector formalism.
NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
ADDITIONAL INPUTS
CLASS : I B.Sc
SEMESTER : I
PAPER : I
TITLE OF THE PAPER : MECHANICS
TOPICS IN THE UNIVERSITY
SYLLABUS
ADDITIONAL TOPICS INCLUDED
UNDER AUTONOMOUS SETUP
1. Vector analysis
2. Mechanics of particles
3. Mechanics of rigid bodies
4. Mechanics of continuous media
5. Central forces
6. Special theory of relativity
7. Fluid motion :
Viscosity of fluids – Poiseuillie’s equation.
8. Lagrange’s equation – its simple
applications. 1. Single particle in space a.
Cartesian coordinates. B. Plane polar
coordinates. 2. Atwood’s machine. 3 Bead
sliding on rotating wire
Text Books 1. Berkeley Physics Course. Vol 1. Mechanics by Kittle W Knight, M.A.Ruderman-
Tata-McGraw Hill Company Edition 2008
2. Fundamentals of Physics Halliday/Resnick/Walker Wiley India Edition 2007
3. Waves and Oscillations by S.Badami, V.Balasubramanian and K.Rama Reddy Orient
Longman
4. First Year Physics – Telugu Academy.
5. Mechanics of Particles, Waves and Oscillations. Anwar Kamal, New Age
International
6. College Physics-1 by T.Bhimasankaram and G. Prasad. Himalaya Publishing House.
7. Introduction to Physics for Scientists and Engineers. F.J.Ruche. McGraw Hill.
8. Waves and Oscillations. N.Subramanaian and Brijlal Vikas Publishing House Private
Limited
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS): RAJAHMUNDRY
I B.Sc., PHYSICS NEW SYLLABUS
(REVISED SYLLABUS WITH EFFECT FROM 2013-14) SEMESTER – II
WAVES AND OSCILLATIONS
Unit – I
1. Fundamentals of vibrations (12)
Simple harmonic oscillator, and solution of the differential equation– Physical characteristics
of SHM, torsion pendulum, - measurements of rigidity modulus , compound pendulum,
measurement of ‘g’, combination of two mutually perpendicular simple harmonic vibrations
of same frequency and different frequencies, Lissajous figures
2. Damped and forced oscillations(12)
Damped harmonic oscillator, solution of the differential equation of damped oscillator.
Energy considerations, comparison with undamped harmonic oscillator, logarithmic
decrement, relaxation time, quality factor, differential equation of forced oscillator and its
solution, amplitude resonance, velocity resonance
3. Complex vibrations(6)
Fourier theorem and evaluation of the Fourier coefficients, analysis of periodic wave
functions-square wave, triangular wave, saw-tooth wave
Unit – II 30 hrs
4. Gravitation and seismology
Gravitational potential – potential energy gravitational field inside a spherical shell or a
hallow sphere – potential and field intensity due to a solid sphere at a point (i) inside a
sphere and (ii) outside a sphere. Intensity and potential of the gravitational field at a point
due to circular disc – inertial and gravitational mass – earthquakes seismic waves 9and
seismographs) seismology and seismographs. Gallitzin’s seismographs – determination of
the epicenter and the focus – modern applications of seismology.
5. Vibrating Strings (12)
Transverse wave propagation along a stretched string, general solution of wave equation and
its significance, modes of vibration of stretched string clamped at ends, overtones, energy
transport, and transverse impedance
6. Ultrasonic’s(6)
Ultrasonic’s, properties of ultrasonic waves, production of ultrasonic by piezoelectric and
magnetostriction methods, detection of ultrasonic, determination of wavelength of ultrasonic
waves. Velocity of ultrasonic in liquids by Sear’s method. Applications of ultrasonic waves.
NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
ADDITIONAL INPUTS
CLASS : I B.Sc.,
SEMESTER : II
PAPER : I
TITLE OF THE PAPER : WAVES AND OSCILLATIONS
TOPICS IN THE UNIVERSITY
SYLLABUS
ADDITIONAL TOPICS INCLUDED
UNDER AUTONOMOUS SETUP
1. Fundamentals of vibrations
2. The damped and forced oscillations
3. Complex vibrations
4. Vibrating strings
5. Ultrasonic
6. Seismology – Seismographs – vertical
pendulum, horizontal pendulum,
determination of epi centre and the
focus – Modern applications of
seismograph
Reference Books
1. Fundamentals of Physics by Alan Giambattista et al Tata-McGraw Hill Company Edition
2008
2. University Physics by Young and Freeman, Pearson Education Edition 2005
3. Sears and Zemansky’s university Physics
4. An Introduction to Mechanics by Daniel Kleppner & Robert Kolenkow.The McGraw Hill
Companies.
5. Mechanics by Hans & Puri. TMH Publications.
6. Engineering Physics by R.K.Gaur & S.L.Gupta. Dhanpat Rai Publications.
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (A): RAJAHMUNDRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
SYLLABUS FOR II YEAR B.Sc., PHYSICS (w.e.f.2009-10)
3rd semester
OPTICS
1. The Matrix methods in paraxial optics: (8)
Introduction- matrix method, effect of translation, effect of refraction, imaging by a spherical
refracting surface. Image by co-axial optical system. Unit plane, Nodal planes. A system of
two thin lenses.
2. Aberrations: (7)
Introduction – Monochromatic aberrations, spherical aberration, methods of minimizing
spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism and curvature of field, distortion. Chromatic
aberration – the achromatic doublet – Removal of chromatic aberration by a separated
doublet.
3. Interference: (15)
Principle of superposition – coherence – temporal coherence and spatial coherence –
conditions for Interference of light
Interference by division of wave front: Fresnel’s biprism – determination of wave length of
light. Determination of thickness of a transparent material using Biprism – change of phase
on reflection – Lloyd’s mirror experiment.
Interference by division of amplitude : Oblique incidence of a plane wave on a thin film due
to reflected and transmitted light (Cosine law) – Colours of thin films – Non reflecting films
– interference by a plane parallel film illuminated by a point source – Interference by a film
with two non-parallel reflecting surfaces (Wedge shaped film) – Determination of diameter of
wire-Newton’s rings in reflected light with and without contact between lens and glass plate,
Newton’s rings in transmitted light (Haidinger Fringes) – Determination of wave length of
monochromatic light – Michelson Interferometer – types of fringes – Determination of
wavelength of monochromatic light, Difference in wavelength of sodium D1,D2 lines and
thickness of a thin transparent plate.
4. Diffraction: (10)
Introduction – Distinction between Fresnel and Fraunhoffer diffraction Fraunhoffer
diffraction:- Diffraction due to single slit and circular aperture – Limit of resolution –
Fraunhoffer diffraction due to double slit – Fraunhoffer diffraction pattern with N slits
(diffraction grating)
Resolving Power of grating – Determination of wave length of light in normal and oblique
incidence methods using diffraction grating.
Fresnel diffraction:-
Fresnel’s half period zones – area of the half period zones –zone plate – Comparison of zone
plate with convex lens – Phase reversal zone plate – diffraction at a straight edge – difference
between interference and diffraction.
5. Polarization (10)
Polarized light : Methods of Polarization, Polarization by reflection, refraction, Double
refraction, selective absorption , scattering of light – Brewster’s law – Malus law – Nicol
prism polarizer and analyzer – Refraction of plane wave incident on negative and positive
crystals (Huygen’s explanation) – Quarter wave plate, Half wave plate – Babinet’s
compensator – Optical activity, analysis of light by Laurent’s half shade polarimeter.
6. Laser, Fiber Optics and Holography: (10)
Lasers: Introduction – Spontaneous emission – Stimulated emission – Population inversion.
Laser principle – Einstein coefficients – Types of Lasers – He-Ne laser – Ruby laser –
Applications of lasers.
Fiber Optics : Introduction – Optical fibers – Types of optical fibers – Step and graded index
fibers – Rays and modes in an optical fiber – Fiber material – Principles of fiber
communication (qualitative treatment only) and advantages of fiber communication.
Holography: Basic Principle of Holography – Gabor hologram and its limitations,
Holography applications.
NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units.
Textbooks
1. Optics by Ajoy Ghatak. The McGraw-Hill companies.
2. Optics by Subramaniyam and Brijlal. S. Chand & Co.
3. Fundamentals of Physics. Halliday/Resnick/Walker.C. Wiley India Edition 2007.
4. Optics and Spectroscopy. R. Murugeshan and Kiruthiga Siva Prasad. S. Chand & Co.
5. Second Year Physics – Telugu Academy.
6. Modern Physics by R. Murugeshan and Kiruthiga Siva Prasad (for statistical Mechanics) S.
Chand & Co.
Reference Books
1. Modern Engineering Physics by A.S. Vasudeva. S.Chand & Co. Publications.
2. Feyman’s Lectures on Physics Vol. 1,2,3 & 4. Narosa Publications.
3. Fundamentals of Optics by Jenkins A. Francis and White E. Harvey, McGraw Hill Inc.
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE ( AUTONOMOUS ), RAJAHMUNDRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
ADDITIONAL INPUTS
CLASS : II B.Sc
SEMESTER : III
PAPER : II
TITLE OF THE PAPER : OPTICS
TOPICS IN THE UNIVERSITY
SYLLABUS
ADDITIONAL TOPICS INCLUDED
UNDER AUTONOMOUS SETUP
1. Matrix optics
2. Lens aberration
3. Interference 1
4. Interference 2
5. Diffraction
6. Fresnel’s class
7. Polarization
Resolving power of telescope
Doppler effect in light
Applications of thin film interference
Fiber Optics and optical communication-
Its principle .Structure of optical fiber.
Types of optical fiber. Acceptance
angle and numerical aperture. V
number. Collection of light from
diffused source by fiber. Attenuation or
transmission loss. Dispersion and
Dispersion losses. Advantages of
communication with optical fiber.
Applications and uses.
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (A): RAJAHMUNDRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
SYLLABUS FOR II YEAR B.Sc., PHYSICS (w.e.f.2009 -10)
4th semester
THERMODYNAMICS
Unit – I
1. Kinetic theory of gases: (8)
Introduction – Deduction of Maxwell’s law of distribution of molecular speeds, Experimental
verification Toothed Wheel Experiment, Transport Phenomena – Viscosity of gases – thermal
conductivity – diffusion of gases.
2. Thermodynamics: (12)
Introduction – Reversible and irreversible processes – Carnot’s engine and its efficiency –
Carnot’s theorem – Second law of thermodynamics, Kelvin’s and Claussius statements –
Thermodynamic scale of temperature – Entropy, physical significance – Change in entropy in
reversible and irreversible processes – Entropy and disorder – Entropy of universe –
Temperature- Entropy (T-S) diagram – Change of entropy of a perfect gas-change of entropy
when ice changes into steam. 3. Thermodynamic potentials and Maxwell’s equations: (10)
Thermodynamic potentials – Derivation of Maxwell’s thermodynamic relations – Clausius-
Clayperon’s equation – Derivation for ratio of specific heats – Derivation for difference of
two specific heats for perfect gas. Joule Kelvin effect – expression for Joule Kelvin
coefficient for perfect and Vanderwaal’s gas.
Unit – II
4. Low temperature Physics: (10)
Introduction – Joule Kelvin effect – liquefaction of gas using porous plug experiment. Joule
expansion – Distinction between adiabatic and Joule Thomson expansion – Expression for
Joule Thomson cooling – Liquefaction of helium, Kapitza’s method – Adiabatic
demagnetization – Production of low temperatures – Principle of refrigeration, vapour
compression type. Working of refrigerator and Air conditioning machines. Effects of Chloro
and Fluro Carbons on Ozone layer; applications of substances at low- temperature.
5. Quantum theory of radiation: (10)
Black body-Ferry’s black body – distribution of energy in the spectrum of Black body –
Wien’s displacement law, Wien’s law, Rayleigh-Jean’s law – Quantum theory of radiation -
Planck’s law – deduction of Wien’s law, Rayleigh-Jeans law, from Planck’s law -
Measurement of radiation – Types of pyrometers – Disappearing filament optical pyrometer –
experimental determination – Angstrom pyroheliometer - determination of solar constant,
effective temperature of sun.
6. Statistical Mechanics: (10)
Introduction to statistical mechanics, concept of ensembles, Phase space, Maxwell -
Boltzmann’s distribution law, Molecular energies in an ideal gas, Bose-Einstein Distribution
law, Fermi-Dirac Distribution law, comparison of three distribution laws, Black Body
Radiation, Rayleigh-Jean’s formula, Planck’s radiation law, Weans Displacement, Stefan’s
Boltzmann’s law from Planck’s formula. Application of Fermi-Dirac statistics to white
dwarfs and Neutron stars.
NOTE: Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units
Textbooks
Second Year Physics – Telugu Academy
Fundamentals of Physics. Halliday/Resnick/Walker.C. Wiley India Edition 2007
Reference Books
Modern Physics by R. Murugeshan and Kiruthiga Siva Prasad (for statistical Mechanics) S.
Chand & Co.
Modern Physics by G. Aruldhas and P. Rajagopal, Eastern Economy Education.
Berkeley Physics Course. Volume-5.
Statistical Physics by F. Reif. The McGraw-Hill Companies.
An Introduction to Thermal Physics by Daniel V. Schroeder.Pearson Education Low Price
Edition.
Thermodynamics by R.C. Srivastava, Subit K. Saha & Abhay K. Jain Eastern Economy
Edition.
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE ( AUTONOMOUS ), RAJAHMUNDRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
ADDITIONAL INPUTS
CLASS : II B.Sc
SEMESTER : IV
PAPER : II
TITLE OF THE PAPER : THERMODYNAMICS
TOPICS IN THE UNIVERSITY
SYLLABUS
ADDITIONAL TOPICS INCLUDED
UNDER AUTONOMOUS SETUP
1. Thermodynamics
2. Thermodynamic potentials
3. Low temperature physics
4. Thermal radiation
5. Quantum theory of radiation
6. Thermo electricity
7. Kinetic theory of gases
Heat engines, Diesel engine, Auto
engine and calculation of their
efficiency.
Internal combustion engines – Working
and principle. Ideal, Air, Air-
fuse and actual cycles. Engine systems –
Fuel ignition, cooling and lubrication.
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS):: RAJAHMUNDRY Accredited by NAAC grade “A”
(Revised Syllabus W.E.F 2010-11)
III B.Sc., V Semester, paper III
1. Electrostatics (10 Periods):
Gauss Law and its applications – Electric field due to an infinite conducting sheet of charge,
Uniformly charged sphere and charged cylindrical conductor. Mechanical force on a charged
conductor. Electric potential – potential due to charge spherical conductor and Electric dipole
– an infinite line of charge. Potential of a uniformly charged circular disc.
2. Dielectrics (6 Periods):
An atomic view – potential energy of a dipole in an electric field – polarization and charge
density – dielectrics and Gauss’s Law – Relation between D.E and P. Dielectric constant and
susceptibility
3. Capacitance (9 Periods): Capacity of concentric spheres and cylindrical condenser – capacity of parallel plate
condenser with and without dielectric – electric energy stored by a charged condenser
4. Magnetostatics (7 Periods):
Magnetic shell – potential due to magnetic shell – field due to magnetic shell – equivalent of
electric circuit and magnetic shell – application of field due to magnetic shell – magnetic
induction (B) and field (H) – permeability and susceptibility – Hysteresis loop.
5. Moving charge in electric and magnetic fields (8 Periods)
Hall effect – cyclotron, synchrocyclotron and synchrotron – force on a current carrying
conductor – force and torque on current loop – Biot – Savert’s Law and calculation of B due
to long straight wire, circular current loop and solenoid.
6. Electromagnetic Induction (10 Periods)
Faraday’s Law – Lenz’s Law – expression for induced emf – electromotive force – time
varying magnetic fields – betatran – ballistic galvanometer – theory – damping correction –
self and mutual inductance – coefficient of coupling – calculation self inductance of a long
solenoid – toriod – energy stored in magnet field
7. Network theorems Superposition theorem- Thevenins theorem – Norton’s theorem – Maximum power transfer
theorem – Millman theorem – Reciprocity theorem – application to simple networks.
NOTE Problems should be solved at the end of every chapter of all units
Reference Books:
1. Physics Vol – III Halliday and Resnik
2. Electricity Berkeley physics series
3. Electricity and Electronics Tayal
4. Electricity and Magnetism Brijlal and Subrahmanyam
5. Electricity and Magnetism C. J. Smith
6. Electricity and Magnetism C. J. Smith and Rangawala
7. Electricity and Magnetism K. K. Tewari (R. Chand)
With Electronics
8. Third year Physics Telugu Academy
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
ADDITIONAL INPUTS
CLASS : III B.Sc
SEMESTER : V
PAPER : III
TITLE OF THE PAPER : ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
TOPICS IN THE UNIVERSITY
SYLLABUS
ADDITIONAL TOPICS INCLUDED
UNDER AUTONOMOUS SET UP
1. Electrostatics
2. Dielectrics
3. Capacitance
4. Magnetostatics
5. Moving charge in electric and
magnetic fields
6. Electromagnetic
induction
4. Magnetostatics
Determination of constant of BG
condenser method
5.C language programming –
Constants variables, syntax, for
loop, while – do loop and simple
programming
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (A): RAJAHMUNDRY
PHYSICS SYLLABUS (W E F ACADEMIC YEAR 2010-11) B.Sc. (Physics) SEMESTER V
Paper IV-(Modern Physics, Quantum Mechanics)
Unit – I 25 hrs
Atomic Spectra
Introduction – Drawbacks of Bohr’s atomic model - Somerfield’s elliptical orbits –
relativistic correction (no derivation). Stern & Gerlach experiment Vector atom model and
quantum numbers associated with it. L-S and j-j coupling schemes. Spectral terms, selection
rules, intensity rules. Spectra of alkali atoms, doublet fine structure. Alkaline earth spectra,
singlet and triplet fine structure. Zeeman Effect, Paschen-Back Effect and Stark Effect (basic
idea).
Molecular Spectroscopy:
Types of molecular spectra, pure rotational energies and spectrum of diatomic molecule,
determination of internuclear distance. Vibrational energies and spectrum of diatomic
molecule. Raman Effect, Classical theory of Raman Effect. Experimental arrangement for
Raman Effect and its applications.
Unit – II: 25 hrs
Quantum Mechanics
Inadequacy of classical Physics: (Discussion only)
Spectral radiation – Planck’s law. Photoelectric effect – Einstein’s photoelectric equation.
Compton’s effect (quantitative) experimental verification. Stability of an atom – Bohr’s
atomic theory. Limitations of old quantum theory.
Matter Waves:
de Broglie’s hypothesis – wavelength of matter waves, properties of matter waves. Phase and
group velocities. Davisson and Germer experiment. Double slit experiment. Standing de
Broglie waves of electron in Bohr orbits.
Uncertainty Principle:
Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle for position and momentum (x and px), Energy and time
(E and t). Gamma ray microscope. Diffraction by a single slit. Position of electron in a Bohr
orbit. Particle in a box. Complementary principle of Bohr.
Schrodinger Wave Equation:
Schrodinger time independent and time dependent wave equations. Wave function properties
– Significance. Basic postulates of quantum mechanics. Operators, Eigen functions and
Eigen values, expectation values. Application of Schrodinger wave equation to particle in
one and three dimensional boxes, potential step and potential barrier.
Text books
1. Modern Physics by G.Aruldhas & P.Rajagopal, Eastern Economy Edition
2. Concepts of Modern Physics by Arthur Beiser, Tata McGraw Hill Edition.
3. Modern Physics by R.Murugesan and KiruthigaSiva Prasanth. S.Chand &Co.
4. Molecular Structure & Spectroscopy by G.Aruldhas.Prentice Hall of India New Delhi.
5. Spectroscopy- Atomic and Molecular by Guru deep R Chatwal and Shyam Anand-
Himalaya Publishing House.
6.Third Year Physics – Telugu Academy.
Reference Books:
1.University Physics with Modern Physics by Young & Freedman A.Lewis Ford.Low Price
Edition
(Eleventh Edition)
2. Quantum Physics by Eyvind H.Wichman. Volume 4. The McGraw Hill Companies.
3. Quantum Mechanics by Mahesh C Jain Eastern Economy Edition Prentice Hall of India.
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) RAJAHMUNDRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
ADDITIONAL INPUTS
Class : III B.Sc
SEMESTER : V
PAPER : IV
TITLE OF THE PAPER: SPECTROSCOPY, SOLID STATE PHYSICS AND MODERN
MAGNETISM
Topics in the University
Syllabus
Additional Topics included under Autonomous setup
1. Atomic Physics
2. Molecular Physics
3. Solid State Physics
4. Modern Magnetism
2. Molecular quantum numbers – Molecular orbitals
– ground states of Hydrogen, Nitrogen and Oxygen.
5. Microwave Spectrum of Diatomic molecules.
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
Accredited by NAAC Grade"A" (Revised Syllabus W.E.F.2006-07)
III B.Sc., VI Semester Paper-III: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE THEORY & ELECTRONICS
1.Varying and Alternating currents (15 Periods):
CR circuits -LR circuits - Growth and decay of currents. LCR circuit - critical damping- alternating current, relation between current and voltage in pure RC and L-Vector diagrams.LCR circuit power factor series and parallel resonant circuit-Q factor. AC & DC motors-single phase, three phase (basics only)
2. Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic waves (10 Periods)
A review of basic laws of electricity and magnetism - displacement current - Maxwell’s equation In differential form. Maxwells wave equation. Plane electromagnetic waves- Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Poynting theorem, production of electromagnetic waves(Hertz experiment)
3. Semi-Conductor devices(17 Periods)
Band theory of solids (qualitative) - Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- continuity equation-P-N Junction diode, Zener diode, Half wave and Full wave rectifiers and filter, ripple factor (quantitative) –PNP AND NPN transistors. Current components CB,CE,CC configurations, Transistor hybrid parameters- determination of hybrid parameters from transistor characterization- transistor as an amplifier – concept of negative feed back and positive feed back Barkhausen condition,
phase shift oscillator(qualitative)
4. Digital Principles (8 periods)
Binary number system,converting Binary to Decimal and vice versa. Binary addition and subtraction (1’s and 2’s complement methods). Hexadecimal number system. Conversion from Binary to Hexadecimal vice versa and Decimal to Hexadecimal and vice versa.
Logic gates : OR,AND,NOT gates, truth tables,realization of these gates using discrete components.NAND,NOR as universal gates,Exclusive-OR gate,De Morgan’s laws- statement and proof, Half and Full adders. Parallel adder circuits.
NOTE: problems should be solved from every chapter of all units REFERENCE BOOKS:
1.Physics Vol.III Halliday and Resnik 2.Electronic devices and circuits Milliman and Halkies
3.Electricity and Electronics Taya 4.Digital Electronics Malvino 5.Electricity Magnetism with Electronics K.K. Tewari(R.Chand) 6.Third year physics Telugu Academi
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
ADDITIONAL INPUTS
CLASS : III B.Sc
SEMESTER : VI
PAPER : III
TITLE OF THE PAPER : EM THEORY AND ELECTRONICS
TOPICS IN THE UNIVERSITY
SYLLABUS
ADDITIONAL TOPICS INCLUDED
UNDER AUTONOMOUS SET UP
1. Varying and alternating currents
2. Maxwell’ equations and
Electromagnetic waves
3. Semi – conductor devices
4. Digital principles
5. Alternating currents: Principles of
AC and DC generators and motors
6. Digital communications:
Fundaments of data communication
system. Emergence of data
communication system
Characteristics of Data transmission
circuits. Digital codes error
detection and correction. Data sets
and Interconnection requirements:
Modem classification, modem
interfacing Interconnection of data
circuits to Telephone loops
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (A): RAJAHMUNDRY
PHYSICS SYLLABUS (W E F ACADEMIC YEAR 2010-11) B.Sc. (Physics) SEMESTER VI
Paper IV-(Nuclear Physics, Solid State Physics)
Unit – III 15 hrs
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Structure:
Basic properties of nucleus – size, charge, mass, spin, magnetic dipole moment and electric
quadruple moment. Binding energy of nucleus, deuteron binding energy, p-p and n-p
scattering (concepts), nuclear forces. Nuclear models – liquid drop model, shell model.
Alpha and Beta Decays: Range of alpha particles, Geiger – Nuttal law. Gamow’s theory of
alpha decay. Geiger – Nuttal law from Gamow’s theory. Beta spectrum – neutrino
hypothesis, Fermi’s theory of -decay (qualitative). Nuclear Reactions: Types of nuclear reactions, channels, nuclear reaction kinematics.
Compound nucleus, direct reactions (concepts).
Nuclear Detectors – GM counter, proportional counter, scintillation counter, Wilson cloud
chamber and solid state detector
Unit – IV 25 hrs
Solid State Physics
Crystal Structure: Crystalline nature of matter. Crystal lattice, Unit Cell, Elements of
symmetry. Crystal systems, Bravais lattices. Miller indices. Simple crystal structures (S.C.,
BCC, CsCl, FCC, NaCl diamond and Zinc Blends)
X-ray Diffraction: Diffraction of X –rays by crystals, Bragg’s law, and Experimental
techniques - Laue’s method and powder method.
Nanomaterials: Introduction, nanoparticles, metal nanoclusters, semiconductor
nanoparticles, carbon clusters, carbon nanotubes, quantum nanostructures – nanodot,
nanowire and quantum well.
Bonding in Crystals: Types of bonding in crystals – characteristics of crystals with different
bindings. Lattice energy of ionic crystals – determination of Medelung constant for NaCl
crystal, calculation of Born coefficient and repulsive exponent. Born – Haber cycle.
Magnetism: Magnetic properties of dia, para and ferromagnetic materials. Langevin’s
theory of paramagnetism. Weiss’ theory of ferromagnetism –Concepts of magnetic domains,
antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism ferrites and their applications.
Superconductivity:
Basic experimental facts – zero resistance, effect of magnetic field, Meissner effect –
experimental verification - persistent current, Isotope effect Thermodynamic properties,
specific heat, entropy. Type I and Type II superconductors.
Elements of BCS theory-Cooper pairs. Applications. High temperature superconductors
(general information)
NOTE: Problems should be solved from every chapter of all units.
Reference books :-
1.Quantum mechanics-mathews and venkatesan
2.Introduction to quantum mechanics –pauling and Wilson.
3.Nuclear physics –Tayal 4.Elements of modern physics –Patil.
5.Atomic and nuclear physics –T.A Little field as N.thorley
6.Quantum chemistry by Ira N.Levine (P.H.I)
7. Nuclear physics by somayajulu, varma, choudary
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
ADDITIONAL INPUTS
CLASS : III B.Sc
SEMESTER : VI
PAPER : IV
TITLE OF THE PAPER : MODERN PHYSICS (QUANTUM MECHANICS,
NUCLEAR PHYSICS)
Topics in the University
syllabus
Additional topics included under
Autonomous setup
1.photoelectric effect
2.Wave mechanics
3. Quantum mechanics
4.Nuclear Physics
5.Crystal structure
(a) Reciprocal Lattice – Bragg’s law in
Fourier analysis, Fourier space
(b) Reciprocal Lattice to bcc and fcc Lattices
(c) Photons and Lattice vibrations –
vibrations of mono lattice –
Diatomic lattice – group velocity – phase
velocity – Brilliouin zone.
10-04-2013
LIST OF PRACTICALS
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE, (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
B.Sc.,(PHYSICS)
Practical Paper – I
1. Compound Pendulum – determination of ‘G’ and ‘K’.
2. Damping of an oscillating disc – Logarithmic decrement.
3. Oscillations under bifilar suspension – Moment of Inertia
4. Combinations of springs – verification of equations (Series & parallel)
5. Young’s Modulus – Uniform (or ) non uniform bending
6. Sonometer – Verification of laws of stretched string
7. Sonometer – velocity of transverse wave along a stretched string
8. Simple pendulum – Estimation of standard error.
9. Melde’s experiment – Determination of frequency.
10. Fly Wheel – Moment of Inertia.
11. Study of flow of liquids through Capillaries.
12. Viscosity of a fluid by any one method.
13. Surface tension of liquid by any one method
14. Rigidity Modulus – Torsion pendulum
15. Volume resonator - Frequency of tuning fork using V-1/n2 graph.
16. Lissajous figures using CRO (demonstration expt.)
* One has to complete minimum of 10 experiments.
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE, (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
PHYSICS PRACTICALS
PAPER II
1. Co-efficient of thermal conductivity of a bad conductor-Lee’s method
2. Heating efficiency of a electrical kettle with varying voltages
3. Thickness of a wire – wedge method
4. Determination of wavelength of light – Fresnel’s biprism
5. Determination of radius of curvature of given convex lens – Newton’s rings
6. Determination of wavelength of light – diffraction at thin wire
7. Resolving power of grating
8. Determination f mean diameter of Lycopodium powder (Diffraction)
9. Study of optical rotation Polarimeter
10. Dispersive power of a prism
11. Determination of wavelength of light using diffraction grating minimum deviation method
12. Pulrich diffraction determination of refractive index of a liquid
13. Wavelength of light using diffraction grating –normal incidence method
14. I-d curve using spectrometer
15. Resolving power of a telescope
16. Refractive index of liquid and glass
17. Wavelength of a laser using diffraction grating
18. Stefan’s constant
19. Carey-Foster’s bridge – Temperature coefficient of a resistance
* One has to complete a minimum of 10 experiments
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE, (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
PHYSICS PRACTICALS
PAPER III
1. Carry Foster’s Bridge-comparison of resistance.
2. Internal resistance of a cell by potentiometer.
3. Figure merit if moving coil galvanometer.
4. Voltage sensitivity if a moving coils galvanometer.
5. RC Circuit (Frequency response).
6. LR Circuit (Frequency response)
7. LCR Circuit series and parallel resonance Q-factor.
8. Power factor of an AC Circuit.
9. Determination of AC frequency-Sonameter.
10. Design and construction of multimeter.
11. Construction of a model DC power supply.
12. Characterstics of a Junction Diode.
13. Characterstics of Transistor.
14. Characterstics of Zener Diode.
15. Verification of Kirchhoff’s Laws.
16. Network theorems
* One has to complete a minimum of 10 experiments
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE, (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
PHYSICS PRACTICALS
PAPER IV
1. e/m of an electron by Thomson’s method.
2. Energy gap of a semiconductor using a Junction Diode.
3. Temperature Characterstics of Thermistors.
4. RC coupled amplifier.
5. Logic Gates (AND OR NOT & NAND) and Verification of Demorgan’s theorem.
6. Verification of truth table of Half adder and full adder.
7. Phase shift oscillators.
8. Hysteresis curve of transformer core.
9. Determination of Plank’s constant (Photocell).
10. Study of spectra of hydrogen spectrum (Rydburg constant)
11. Study of absorption of α and β rays.
12. Hall-Probe method for measurement of magnetic field.
13. Absorption spectrum of Iodine Vapor.
14. Study of alkaline earth spectra using a concave grating.
15. Draw the characteristics curve of Wein’s Bridge.
16. Full wave rectifier Π and L type filters
17. FET characteristics.
18. G.M.counter
19. Experimental arrangement and obtaining of Raman spectra
* One has to complete a minimum of 10 experiments
10-04-2013
MODEL PAPERS
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS): RAJAHMUNDRY
I SEMESTER END EXAMINATIONS
I B.Sc. PHYSICS PAPER – I MECHANICS
Time: 3 hrs Max Marks: 75
Section – A
Answer all questions (4x10=40)
1. a) What is the divergence of a vector? Give its physical significance. Obtain an expression for
the divergence of a vector.
Or
b) Derive the equation of motion of a system of variable mass.
2. a) State postulates of special theory of relativity and obtain Lorentz transformations.
Or
b) Derive the Eulers equations of rotational motion for a rigid body fixed at one end.
3. a) State and prove Kepler’s laws of planetary motion.
Or
b). What is symmetric top and processional motion? Derive an equation for the angular speed
in the case of symmetric top rotating with angular velocity and making an angle
‘0’ with the vertical.
4. a) Derive Rutherford scattering formula.
Or
b) Describe Gyroscope.
Section - B Answer any five questions (5x3=15)
5. What is Lorentz contraction? Write an expression for it.
6. Define gravitational potential and derive an expression for gravitational potential due to point
mass.
7. What is reduced mass?
8. State the principle of working of a Rocket.
9. Obtain the scalar product of the vectors A=6i+2j+3k, B=2i-9j+6k. Find the angle between
them.
10. Two steel spheres of radii 2cm and 3cm move with velocities of 24cm/sec in opposite
directions and collide head on. If the collision is elastic calculate the velocity after impact.
11. One end of wire 2m long and 0.2cm2 in cross section is fixed in a ceiling and a load of 4.8kg
is attached to the free end. Find the extension of the wire.(Y=2.0x1011N/m2, g= 10m/s2)
12. If the earth be one half of its present distance from the sun what will be the number of days in
a year?
Section - C Answer all questions (10x2=20)
13. What is the physical significance of curl?
14. What is scattering? When is it elastic and inelastic?
15. A clock showing correct time when at rest looses one hour in a day when it is moving. What
is the velocity?
16. At what speed the mass of an object will be double of its value at rest?
17. If O is a scalar quantity show that curl (grad O) =0.
18. A car engine develops 75 KW power when rotating at a speed of 1000rpm. What is the torque
acting?
19. Write down the postulates of special theory of relativity.
20. State the types of bending.
21. Define central force and give an example.
22. Explain shearing force.
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS): RAJAHMUNDRY
II SEMESTER END EXAMINATIONS
I B.Sc. PHYSICS PAPER – I WAVES AND OSCILLATIONS
Time: 3 hrs Max Marks: 75
Section – A
Answer all questions (4 x 10 = 40)
1.a) Derive an expression for the speed of propagation of a transverse wave on a stretched
string. How are standing waves produced in stretched strings?
Or
b) Discuss the energy transport in strings
2. a) What are forced oscillations? Obtain expression for the amplitude of forced vibrations and
deduce the condition for resonance.
Or
b) Write about simple harmonic oscillator. Derive its equation of motion and obtain the
solution for it. Give the characteristics of SHM.
3. a) State Fourier theorem. Analyze a square wave using Fourier theorem.
Or
b) What are damped oscillations? Solve the differential equation of a damped harmonic
oscillator and discuss specially the case when it is under damped.
4. a) Derive the equation for the velocity of longitudinal waves in bars?
Or
b) Discuss any two methods of producing Ultrasonic waves. Write the applications of
Ultrasonic’s.
Section: B
Answer any Five questions (5 x 3 = 15)
5. Explain the physical characteristics of SHM.
6. Explain the phenomenon of resonance.
7. Explain Lissajous figures.
8. Obtain the differential equation for simple harmonic oscillator.
9. Piezo electric crystal has thickness 0.002m, the velocity of sound wave is 5750m/s. Calculate
fundamental frequency of the crystal.
10. A string of length 0.5m, linear density 0.001kg/m under tension 1N find the first overtone of
the string.
11. The Q value of spring loaded with 0.3Kg is 60 of vibration with frequency of 2Hz. Calculate
force constant and mechanical resistance.
12. A particle performing S.H.M. has a maximum velocity of 0.4m/s and a maximum
acceleration 0.8m/s2. Calculate the amplitude and time period of the oscillator.
Section: C
Answer all questions (10 x 2 = 20)
13. Draw the energy curve against the displacement for the case of simple harmonic oscillator.
14. Define logarithmic decrement.
15. Explain amplitude resonance.
16. State the differential equation of a wave in continuous media.
17. Find the amplitude, wavelength, frequency and period of a wave propagating according to
the equation y = 18 Sin(6x-4t).
18. What is Q – factor?
19. Explain the format imaginary waves in strings.
20. What are the laws of transverse vibrations of strings?
21. Explain the term magnetostriction.
22. Explain the term phase of a simple harmonic oscillator
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
(Accredited by NAAC with “A” Grade)
III SEMESTER END EXAMINATIONS
II B.Sc., PHYSICS-PAPER 2
OPTICS (MODEL PAPER)
Date Max Marks: 75
Time: 3 Hours
SECTION A
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS 4 x 10 = 40 M
1. (a) What is system matrix? Obtain it in the case of a system of two lenses separated by
a distance and hence find the formula for its focal length.
k¼ðk¼à¿èg¼¸Á¢ñO¼ Ab¼QÀ Jgĸ? OÒ²^¾`¼¹i¼²jÖ
kÌi¼¶TÍh¾¸e[Äb¼ iɲ[¼¶ O¼YOÀj ¬m»h¾¸²jÖ k¼ðk¼à¿èg¼¸Á¢ñO¼b¼¶ iÀeYÄ} ̂ ¾`ÀóiÀ k¼ðk¼n»è bÀf¼ð²^¾i¼g¼¸¶b¼O¼¶ n»¹^¾ñg¼¸¶b¼¶ iÀeY¶}g¼¸¶
OR
(b) What is chromatic aberration? Derive the condition for achromatism when two
lenses are (i) in contact and (ii) separated by a distance
k¼i¼å¬c»a¼b¼g¼¸¶ Ab¼QÀ Jgĸ? iɲ[¼¶O¼YOÀj¶ I) LO¼`À¤bÒO¼YÄ Bb¼¶OÒ¤ Eb¼êc»·[¼¶ , ¦) OÒ²^¾
`¼¹i¼²jÖ kÌi¼¶TÍh¾¸e[Ä Eb¼êc»·[¼¶ Ak¼i¼åO¼^¾O¼¶
¤h¾¸g¼¸g¼¸¶b¼¶ iÀeY¶}g¼¸¶
2. (a) Describe an Experiment to determine the wavelength of monochromatic light using
Fresnel’s Biprism. Give necessary theory.
dÈñbÉjÝ `Ãóc»Y }O¼g¼¸¶ b¼¶c»hʸÁ™²› JO¼k¼i¼å OÀ²¢ ^¾i¼²Q¼`Ïi¼vðg¼¸¶b¼¶ O¼b¼¶QÒb¼¶ c»ñhʸÁQ¼g¼¸¶b¼¶
k¼iÃå²T¾¶g¼¸¶ Ak¼n»i¼gϸb¼ nÂ`Àè²^¾g¼¸¶b¼¶
kÀñh¾¸¶g¼¸¶ OR
(b) Describe the arrangement to observe Newton's rings by reflected light and
transmitted light. Obtain an expression for the wavelength of light.
¡µ§·©¶§ºàœ¶ �·Ïœº¨Î¥¶õ§º¦¶õ¿ ¡µë³·§ºœ¶�·Ïœº¨Îþ¶Áê˜þý ©¶¨¦¶õ¸¨þ¶¿ �¶¥¶õþºÏú¶¿˜�¶¿ ˆ§·å˜ìþ¶¿ ©¶§ºßÏú»,�·Ïœº œ¶§¶Ï�¶†Ê§¶`ꥶõ¿þ¶�¶¿ ¬µ¥¶õ¸¬µ¥¶õ¿þ¶¿ „œ·å†ºÏú¶¿¥¶õ¿
3. (a) Give the Theory of Fresnel’s diffraction of light at a straight edge and explain
the intensity distribution in the diffraction pattern.
œºþ¶äþº ÕÏú¶¿ ©¶†¶â ¢Åëþƨý ©º©¶§¶àþ¶¥¶õ¿þ¶•¶¿ ¬¹†·âÏœ¶¥¶õ¿þ¶¿ ©·ë¬¹,©º©¶§¶àþ¶ ©¶ÂêÔµ¸Ï ¨Î œ½©¶ëœ¶ ©º¬µà§¶›þ¶¿ ©º©¶§ºÏú¶Ï™º
OR
(b) Discuss Fraunhoffer diffraction due to a single slit illuminated by monochromatic
light
JO¼k¼i¼å OÀ²¢^Õ c»ñ¢`ÆcÂæbÒ²`òT¾e[ Äb¼
L²YÄœªO¼k¼jb¼ ß¿ñbÝ o»Á-d»iÜ ¬k¼i¼æb¼g¼¸¶b¼¶ T¾iÃx²T¾¶g¼¸¶ 4. (a) Describe the construction and working of Nicol prism. Explain how it is used as
polarizer and analyzer
¤O¼jÝ c»Y}O¼g¼¸¶ ¤iÀï]g¼¸¶ c»¤ TÍh¾¸¶ ¬aÀb¼g¼¸¶jb¼¶
k¼iÃå²T¾¶g¼¸¶ A`à a¼´k¼]OÀiÃQ¼b¼¶
¬lÌòm»OÀiÃQ¼b¼¶ IY¶ò c»¤TÍh¾¸¶bÕ ¬k¼iòT¾¶g¼¸¶ OR
(b) What is a laser? Describe the construction and working of Helium-Neon gas laser
jÍn»iÜ Ab¼QÀJgĸ? oÅÁªh¾¸²-¤h¾¸ÁbÝ kÀh¾¸¶jÍn»iÜ
¤iÀï]g¼¸¶,c»¤TÍh¾¸¶ ¬aÀb¼g¼¸¶¬k¼iòT¾¶g¼¸¶
SECTION B
ANSWER ANY FIVE OF THE FOLLOWING 5 X 3 = 15
4. Write a note on astigmatism.
¦²`¼¶¬n»æi¼] Q¼¹iÃx jR»¸¶kÀðPð kÀñh¾¸¶g¼¸¶ 5. Describe the construction and working of Michelson interferometer
gϸO¼jÝ n»bÝ k¼ð¢O¼i¼] g¼¸Ác»O¼g¼¸¶
¤iÀï]g¼¸¶,c»¤TÍh¾¸¶¬aÀb¼g¼¸¶ ¬k¼iòT¾¶g¼¸¶ 6. Write a short note on zone plate
g¼¸²[¼jd»jO¼g¼¸¶b¼¶ (VÕbÝ cËòYÝ ) Q¼¹iÃx jR»¸¶ kÀðPð kÀñh¾¸¶g¼¸¶ 7. Explain the principle and applications of Holography
o»ÁÖjÖQ¼ñdÅ g¼¸¹jn»¹^¾ñg¼¸¶, Ab¼¶k¼i¼æbÀjb¼¶
¬k¼iòT¾¶g¼¸¶ 8. In Newton’s rings experiment the diameter of 4th dark ring is 0.4 cm Find the diameter
of 20th dark ring.
b¼¹ðYbÝ k¼jh¾¸Áj c»ñhʸÁQ¼²jÖ 4k¼ œO¼YÄk¼jh¾¸² kÀðn»g¼¸¶ 0.4 nȲ gǸ 12k¼ œO¼YÄk¼jh¾¸² kÀðn»g¼¸¶ 0.7nȲ gǸ Ah¸^Ì 20k¼ œO¼YÄk¼jh¾¸² kÀðn»g¼¸¶ I²^¾? 9. Two thin converging lenses of power 5 diapters and 4 diapters are placed co-axially
10cm apart. Find the focal length of this combination.
5[¼h¾¸Ác»}i¼¶ò, 4 [¼h¾¸Ác»}i¼¶ò bÀ©h¾¸à¿g¼¸i¼èðg¼¸¶ Q¼j iɲ[¼¶ O̲`ÆñO¼i¼] O¼YO¼g¼¸¶jb¼¶LO¼`À¤OÒO¼YÄ 10 nȲgǸ ̀ ¼¹i¼g¼¸¶jÖ E²[¼¶b¼Y¶ò n»o»Á–q¼²QÀ A
g¼¸iÃxbÀi¼¶ D O¼YO¼ n»²hʸÁQ¼ bÀf¼ð²^¾i¼² I²^¾? 10. A parallel beam of sodium light is allowed to be incident normally on a plane grating
having 4250 lines/cm and a second order spectral line is observed to be deviated
through 300 calculate the wavelength of spectral line.
nȲYÇgǸYi¼¶O¼¶ 4250 š^¾j¶Q¼j QÌñYIJQÜ cÎ àÔ[Äh¾¸² B¬iÃ`Æc»g¼¸¶ n»g¼¸Á²^¾i¼ OÀ²¢c»·²Vg¼¸¶
A¨j²eg¼¸¶QÀ c»^¾b¼gϸb¼c»·[¼¶ iɲ[¼k¼OÕYÄ k¼i¼åc»YiÌP 300 ¬T¾jb¼g¼¸¶ Tʲ`Ãb¼Y¶ò O¼b¼e[IJ`Ã. BiÌP ^¾i¼²Q¼`Ïi¼uðgɸ²^¾? 11. Calculate the specific rotation if the plane of polarization is turned through 26.40
traversing 20 cm length of 20% sugar solution?
20% c»²T¾`Ài¼ ̀ Àñk¼]g¼¸¶ Q¼¶²[À20 nȲgǸ ̀ ¼¹i¼g¼¸¶ c»ñh¾¸Á]IJ›b¼ JO¼^¾j a¼´¬^¾OÀ²¢
26.40 f¼ñg¼¸]g¼¸¶ Tʲ`Ãb¼Yòh¸^Ì ¬®m»}f¼ñg¼¸] à¿g¼¸i¼èðg¼¸¶b¼¶ jÊOÄs²T¾¶g¼¸¶
SECTION-C
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS 10 X 2 = 20
12. Write translation and refraction matrices?
à¿èbÀ²^¾i¼], k¼OÇñf¼k¼b¼ g¼¸Á¢ñO¼jb¼¶ kÀñh¾¸¶g¼¸¶ 13. What is an achromatic doublet?
Ak¼i¼åO¼h¾¸¶Q¼ïO¼g¼¸¶ Ab¼QÀ Jgĸ? 14. What are coherent sources?
n»²e`¼è Vb¼OÀj¶ Ab¼QÀ J¬? 15. Find the thickness of a soap film μ =1.33 which gives constructive second order
interference of red light of λ =700m (milli microns)?
700 gĸ«ò gϸOÀñb¼¶j ̂ ¾i¼²Q¼`Ïi¼uðg¼¸¶ Q¼j Ii¼¶c»·i¼²Q¼¶ c»iÀk¼iÃæ^¾ OÀ²¢jÖ iɲ[¼k¼ OÕYÄ
¤iÀï]Á^¾ïO¼ (n»o»Á-h¾¸) k¼ð¢O¼i¼]g¼¸¶ ¤T¾¶x n»e¶í e¶[¼Q¼ ÞÑi¼ g¼¸²`¼g¼¸¶b¼¶O¼b¼¶QÒb¼¶g¼¸¶ (μ = 1.33 )
16. Mention the types of diffraction?
¬k¼i¼æb¼g¼¸¶ jÖ¤ ^¾i¼Q¼^¾¶jb¼¶ cËiÒsb¼¶g¼¸¶ 17. A zone plate has a focal length of 60 cm for wavelength of 5893A0 find the radius of
100th circle of the zone plate ?
5893 ^¾i¼²Q¼`Ïi¼u ðg¼¸¶ O¼ª™b¼ OÀ²¢OÄ LO¼ VÕbÝ cËòYÝ 60 nȲgǸ bÀf¼ð²^¾i¼² O¼ª™ E²`à `À¤ 100k¼ k¼jh¾¸kÀðà¿i¼èg¼¸¶b¼¶ O¼b¼¶QÒb¼¶g¼¸¶ 18. The radius of curvature of the surfaces of a double convex lens are R1=R2=0.5m. the
refractive index of the material of the lens is 1.5 find the focal length of the lens?
LO¼ ̀ ÃóO¼¶²fÁOÀi¼ O¼YO¼g¼¸¶ hʸ¶O¼s iɲ[¼¶ k¼O¼ñ^¾jg¼¸¶j k¼O¼ñ^ÀkÀðà¿i¼èg¼¸¶j¶R1=R2= 0.5 gǸ
`À¤ k¼OÇñf¼k¼b¼ Q¼¶]O¼g¼¸¶ 1.5 B O¼YO¼g¼¸¶ bÀf¼ð²^¾i¼² I²^¾? 19. State Brewster’s law?
e¹ñn»}iÜ ¤h¾¸g¼¸g¼¸¶b¼¶ kÀñh¾¸¶g¼¸¶ 20. What is population inversion?
VbÀfÁ ^Ài¼¶g¼¸Ái¼¶ Ab¼QÀ Jgĸ? 21. What is graded index fiber?
QÌñ[É[Ü C²[ÉOÜö dÎeiÜ Ab¼QÀ Jgĸ?
* * *
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), RAJAHMUNDRY
(Accredited by NAAC with “A” Grade)
IV SEMESTER END EXAMINATIONS
II B.Sc., PHYSICS-PAPER 2
THERMODYNAMICS (MODEL PAPER)
Date Max Marks :75
Time : 3 Hours
SECTION A
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS 4 x 10 = 40 M
1.a)Deduce Maxwell’s law of distribution of molecular speeds?
¥¶õ¸�ýð ©Æ¨ý ©È�¶©ºœ¶§¶› þº¦¶õ¥¶õ¸þºä §·£˜ÛÏ™º b) Describe the working of Carnot’s engine and derive expression for its efficiency?
�·§Íä ¦¶õÏœ¶ëÏ ¡µþºúȦ¶õ¿ ©ºŸ·þ·þºä ©º©¶§ºÏú» †·þº †¶¯¶œ¶�¶¿ ¬µ¥¶õ¸¬µ¥¶õ¿ §·£˜¿Û¥¶õ¿ 2. a) Define the four thermodynamic potentials , obtain Maxwell’s thermodynamic
equations using these potentials?
þ·¨¿�¶¿ „«µß �¶œº�¶ª¶�·é¨þ¶¿ þº§¶íú»Ïú¶¿¥¶õ¿ ©½þºþ¶¿¡µ¦Æõ¸�ºÏú» ¥¶õ¸�ýð ©Æ¨ý „«µß �¶œº�¶ ¬µ¥½õ�¶§¶›¸¨þ¶¿ §·£˜¿Û¥¶õ¿ b) How are the low temperatures produced by adiabatic demagnetization? Give theory?
¬¹â§Í«µß�¶þº§¶¦¶õ³·ÑÏœ½�¶§¶›¥¶õ¿ ¡µ†¶âœºþº Õ¨å „´Íß�¶ëœ¶¨þ¶¿ ‡˜¿ì ³·ŸºÏœ¶¿§¶¿ nÂ`Àè²^¾g¼¸¶^Õ ¬µÔµ¸Ù ©º©¶§ºÏú¶¿¥¶õ¿
3. a) Give the assumptions and hence deduce the Plank’s formula. Derive Wein’s formula
and Rayleigh-jeans formula from it?
±·ìÏ�ý ª¶�ºà©ºœ¶§¶› ¬µÁœ·ëþºä - ±·ìÏ�ý ¡µëœº±·†¶þ¶¨þ¶¿ ©·ë¬¹- §·£˜¿Û¥¶õ¿ †½þºþ¶¿Ï™º ©½þý ¬µÁœ¶ë¥¶õ¿ , §È¨¾-ü¾þý ¬µÁœ¶ë¥¶õ¿ §·£˜¿Û¥¶õ¿
b) Explain Fermi Dirac distribution law. Apply this to electron gas and calculate
energy distribution of electron?
¢Å§ºé-™º§·�ý ©ºœ¶§¶› þº¦¶õ¥¶õ¸þºä ©º©¶§ºÏú¶¿¥¶õ¿ †½þºþº ‡¨�·Ûëþý ©·¦¶õ¿©¶À�¶¿ ©¶§ºàÏ¡µüȬ¹ ‡¨�·Ûëþý ª¶�ºà ©ºœ¶§¶›þ¶¿ ̈ Æ•ºÑÏú¶¿¥¶õ¿ 4 (a) State and deduce Wien's displacement law.
©½þý ³·âþ¶¤¶ëϪ¶þº¦¶õ¥¶õ¥¶õ¿þ¶¿ œÆ¨»¡¹ †·þºþº „œ·å†ºÏú¶¿¥¶õ¿
(OR)
(b) What are radiation pyrometers? Describe the disappearing filament optical
pyrometer.
©º�º§¶› ¡É§Í¥½õ˜§ý ¨¿ Õþ¶�·ˆ¥ºõ? ¥¶õ¸¦¶õ¥Êõ±Í¦Èõ œ½�¶†¶Ãª·¡É§Í¥½õ˜§ý þ¶¿ ©¶§ºßÏú¶Ï™º
SECTION-B
ANSWER ANY FIVE QUESTIONS 5 X 3 = 15M
4. What do you mean by T-S diagram? Write any four uses.
T-S ú»œ¶ë¡µ˜¥¶õ¿¨¿ Õþ¶�· ̂ ¥ºõ ©·þº¡µë¦Æõ¸üþ·¨þÈ©Èþº þ·¨»ÓϘ»þº ©·ë¦¶õ¿¥¶õ¿
5. Derive Stefan-Boltzmann’s law using Maxwell’s equations?
¥¶õ¸�ýð ©Æ¨ý ¬µ¥½õ�¶§¶›¸¨þ¶¿¡µ¦Æõ¸�ºÏú» ¬¹Û²·þý-£Î¨ýÛØ ¥¶õþý ¬µÁœ¶ë¥¶õ¿þ¶¿œ·å†ºÏ¡µÀ¥¶õ¿
6. Define solar constant and explain how it can be determined experimentally?
³ö§¶¬¹â§·Ï�¶¥¶õ¿þ¶¿ þº§¶íú»Ïú¶¿¥¶õ¿ ¥¶õ§º¦¶õ¿ †·þºþº ¡µë¦Æõ¸�¶¡µÂ§¶í�¶¥¶õ¿�· ‡˜¿ì �¶þ¶¿�Ëφ¶¿§Í ©º©¶§ºÏú¶¿¥¶õ¿
7. Give a comparison of M-B,B-E, & F-D statistics ?
M-B,B-E, g¼¸iÃh¾¸¶ F-D Q¼]Á²O¼g¼¸¶jb¼¶ ÞÔj¶xg¼¸¶
8. Find the RMS velocity of Hydrogen at NTP and 1270C?
127C g¼¸iÃh¾¸¶NTP k¼`¼è oÎÁ[ÒñVbÝ kÀh¾¸¶k¼· hʸ¶O¼s
RMS kÌQ¼g¼¸¶b¼¶ jÊO¼sQ¼Y¶}g¼¸¶
9. A Carnot engine operates between 2270C and 1270C it absorbs 6.0X104 cal at the
higher temperature. How much work per cycle is this engine capable of doing? What is
the efficiency of the engine ?
LO¼ OÀiÕê h¾¸²^¾ñg¼¸¶ 2270 g¼¸iÃh¾¸¶ 1270 g¼¸a¼ð
c»¤TÍh¾¸¶T¾¶b¼ê`à A`à AaÃO¼ EáÔåQ¼ñ^¾ k¼`¼è 6.0 x104 OÌjiÆj Eá¿å¤ê Q¼ñoÂÁn»¶æ²`Ã. B h¾¸²^¾ñ² LO¼ Bk¼´¢æ jÖI²^¾ c»¤ TÍh¾¸Q¼j`¼¶? B h¾¸²^¾ñ² à¿g¼¸i¼èð² I²^¾?
10. The wander wall’s constant a and b for one mole of a gas are 0.145atm-lit 2/mole 2
and 3.15X10-2 lit /mole respectively calculate the temperature of inversion
LO¼ gɸÁjÝ kÀh¾¸¶k¼· hʸ¶O¼s kÀ²[¼iÜ kÀjÝ nÂèiÀ²O¼g¼¸¶j¶ a g¼¸iÃh¾¸¶ b j¶ k¼i¼¶n»QÀ 0.145 IYÁï -« 2 / gɸÁjÝ 2 g¼¸iÃh¾¸¶ 3.15 x 10-2 « /gɸÁjÝ . Ah¸b¼
¬jÖg¼¸b¼ EáÔåQ¼ñ^¾b¼¶ jÊOÄs²T¾¶g¼¸¶
11. A body radiates maximum energy of wavelength 20,000A0 at 1500 K temperature
calculate the temperature of the sun. if the wavelength of maximum energy emitted
by the sun is 5500A0
LO¼ k¼n»¶æk¼· 1500 k k¼`¼è Q¼iÃm»} l¼OÄæ¤ 20,000A0^¾i¼²Q¼`Ïi¼vðg¼¸¶^Õ ¬OÄi¼]g¼¸¶ TÍh¾¸¶b¼¶ n»¹i¼¶ð[¼¶ 5500 A0 ^¾i¼²Q¼`Ïi¼vðg¼¸¶^Õ Q¼iÃm»} l¼OÄæ¤
¬OÄi¼]g¼¸¶ TÍh¾¸¶T¾¶b¼êTÕ n»¹i¼¶ð¤ EáÔåQ¼ñ^¾
I²^¾?
SECTION-C
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS 10 X 2 = 20
12. Define coefficient of viscosity and give the expression
nÂêQ¼è^À Q¼¶]O¼g¼¸¶b¼¶ ¤i¼ó›²› ̀ À¤OÄ n»g¼¸Án»g¼¸¶b¼¶ kÀñh¾¸¶g¼¸¶
13. State the first law of thermodynamics
Em»åQ¼¢O¼lÀn»æñ c»ña¼g¼¸¤h¾¸g¼¸g¼¸¶b¼¶ kÀñn ¬k¼iòT¾¶g¼¸¶
14. Define reversible and irreversible processes
`ÃóQ¼^¾ A`ÃóQ¼^¾ c»ñOÄñh¾¸ jb¼QÀ J¬
15. State Joule-Kelvin effect
VØjÝ-OɪóbÝ d»ª^¾g¼¸¶b¼¶ kÀñh¾¸¶g¼¸¶
16. What is a refrigerator?
iÃdÂñŸiÌYiÜ Ab¼QÀ Jgĸ
17. Distinguish between Joule’s expansion and adiabatic expansion
VØjÝ kÀðOÕT¾g¼¸¶, nÂèiÕm»åO¼ kÀðOÕT¾g¼¸¶ jg¼¸a¼ð
eÍa¼g̸gĸ
18. Define emissive power and absorptive power
E`Àui¼ à¿g¼¸i¼èðg¼¸¶ , lÕm»] à¿g¼¸i¼èðg¼¸¶ jb¼¶ ¤i¼ó›²c»·g¼¸¶
19. What is pyrometer?
cÎiÕgǸYiÜ Ab¼QÀ Jgĸ
20. Define phase space
`¼lÀ²^¾iÀp¼g¼¸¶b¼¶ ¤i¼ó›²c»·g¼¸¶
21. State theorem of probability
n»²fÁk¼ð^À nÂaÀè²^¾g¼¸¶b¼¶ kÀñh¾¸¶g¼¸¶
* * *
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) : : RAJAHMUNDRY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
V SEMESTER End Examinations
III B. Sc PHYSICS PAPER – III
MODEL PAPER
ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
Date: Max Marks : 75
Time : 3 Hrs
SECTION – A
Answer ALL Questions (4 X 10 = 40)
1. Using Gauss’s Law. Derive expressions for intensity of electric field due to a uniformly
charged cylinder at a point outside, on the surface and inside the cylinder.
OR
What is electric dipole? Derive an expression for the electric potential due to an electric dipole.
2. State and Deduce Gauss’s Law as applied to a dielectric medium.
OR
Derive an expression for the capacity of a spherical condenser.
3. Establish the equivalence between a magnetic shell and a current circuit. State Ampere’s
theorem.
OR
Derive the expression for magnetic induction due to long straight conductor carrying current.
4. Explain the construction of a ballistic galvanometer and give the theory of it.
OR
Derive an expression for the coefficient of self induction of a long solenoid.
SECTION – B (5 X 3 = 15)
Answer ANY FIVE Questions of the following
5. Discuss the atomic view dielectrics.
6. What is hysteresis? Explain the terms residual magnetism and coercive force
7. Describe the working of a synchrocyclotron.
8. Explain the Principle of a Transformer.
9. The permittivity of diamond is 1.46 X 10 -10 c2 /N – m2. Compute the dielectric constant and the
electric susceptibility of diamond €o = 8.92 X 10 -12 c2 / N – m2.
10. Calculate the force of attraction between the two plates of an electrometer when a potential
difference of 500V is applied between them. The distance between the plates is 25 X 10 -4 m and
The area of each plate = 10-3m2
11. If the frequency of one oscillator potential applied to the dees of acyclotron is 9 MHz. What must
be the magnetic flux density B to accelerate α – particles (Mass of α – particles= 6 X 643 X 10-27
kg charge of α – particles = 2 X 1.6 X 10-19c.
12. Calculate the self inductance of an air cored toroid of mean radius 20 cm and a circular cross
section of area 5 cm2. The total number of turns on the toroid is 3000.
SECTION – C (10 X 2 = 20)
Answer ALL Questions
13. State Gauss’s Law in Electrostatics.
14. State the boundary conditions at the dielectric surface.
15. Define electric displacement vector and polarization.
16. What is the principle of attracted disc electrometer (Or) Kelvin absolute electrometer?
17. Write an expression for the capacitance of cylindrical capacitor.
18. What is a magnetic shell?
19. Define magnetic permeability and susceptibility.
20. What is Hall Effect? What is its importance?
21. State Faraday’s Law and Lenz’s Law.
22. Define the terms self inductance and mutual inductance.
*******
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (A): RAJAHMUNDRY (NAAC accredited at ‘A’ grade)
B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATIONS AT THE END OF V SEMESTER
PHYSICS PAPER IV (MODAL PAPER)
TIME: 3 Hrs MAX MARKS: 75
SECTION I
Answer ALL questions 4 X 10 = 40
1 a) Describe the Stern and Gerlach experiment and indicate the importance of the results obtained
Èªà±³é ¶¢À±¼±ÀµÀÀ SDZ¸ôO³ ¶pñ±ÀÇÃSµ¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ ¶¢±¼äAW l¸n¶mÀAfº ±¸sdºà¶m ¶pûwhµ¶¢ÀÀv q¸ñlû¸¶mïhµ¶mÀ hÇvÀ¶pÁ¶¢ÀÀ
OR
b) Describe the vector atom model and explain the different quantum numbers
associated with it
¶p±µ¶¢ÃgÀ¶¢Á ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ ¶ªl¼¶¥ ¶m¶¢ÀÃm¸¶mÀ ¶¢±¼äAW l¸nhÐ ¶ª¶¬Oµ±¼AVµÀ O¸öAdA ¶ªAPïv¶mÀ £¶¢±¼AVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ 2. a) What is Raman effect? Describe the experimental setup used in the study of
Raman effect in liquids
±¸¶¢À´m ¶pûwhµ¶¢ÀÀ C¶mS¸ Êm£À? ±¸¶¢À´m ¶pûwhµ¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ ¶p±¼§wAVµf¸nOº G¶p±ÀÇÃS¼AW¶m ¶pñ±ÀÇÃSµ¶pÁ C¶¢À±¼Oµ¶mÀ ¶¢±¼äAVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ
OR
b) Explain the rotational spectra of Diatomic molecule
l¼ö¶p±µ¶¢ÃgÀOµ CgÀ¶¢Á ±ÀÇÃOµÖ sûµñ¶¢Àg¶¢±µä¶pd¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ £¶¢±¼AVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ
3. a) Explain Bohr’s theory of Hydrogen atom and deduce expressions for i) Radii
of orbits ii) velocity of electrons iii) orbital frequency iv) electron energy and
v) frequency of emitted radiation
sѱ³ ËȬfÐñY´m ¶p±µ¶¢ÃgÀ »ªl¸çAhµ¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ£¶¢±¼AW 1)Oµ°¸ï¢¸ï«¸±µç¶¢ÀÀ 2)IvO¸àò´m Ê¢Sµ¶¢ÀÀ 3)IvO¸àò´m Oµ°¸ïqÕ¶mB¶pÁ¶mﶢÀÀ 4)Gl¸Ø±µ£Oº±µgqÕ¶mB¶pÁ¶mﶢÀÀvOµÀ ¶ª¶¢Ã¶ª¶¢ÀÀvÀ ±¸sdÀජÀÀ
OR
b) Describe the Davison and Germour experiment to demonstrate the wave
character of electron
IvO¸àò´m ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ hµ±µASµv°µg¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ ¶pñlµ±¼÷AW¶m fÉ£¶ª´m-SDZµî±³ ¶pñ±ÀÇÃSµ¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ £¶¢±¼AVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ
4. a) Explain any two consequences of Heisenberg’s uncertainty relation
ËȬ¶ª´m s±³Ø Cn¦Ûhµhµö n±ÀµÀ¶¢À¶¢ÀÀ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ JÊ¢n ±ÇAfµÀ ¶p±µï¶¢«¸¶m¶¢ÀÀv¶mÀ £¶¢±¼AVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ
OR
b) Apply the Schrödinger wave equation to a particle in one dimensional box
JOµ£Àj±ÀµÀ ÊpdºOµvÑ G¶mé LOµOµg¶¢ÀÀ¶mOµÀ ©ÒñfºASµ±³ hµ±µASµ¶ª¤ÀOµ±µg¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ C¶mÀ¶¢±¼åA¶p YɱÀµÀÀ¶¢ÀÀ
SECTION II Answer any FIVE questions 5 X 3 = 15
5. Explain the various coupling schemes
££lûµ Oµ»pôAS³ £lû¸¶m¶¢ÀÀv¶mÀ £¶¢±¼AVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ 6. Explain singlet and triplet fine structure of alkaline earth spectra
°¸±µ¶¢ÀÅiåOµ ¶¢±µä¶pd¶¢ÀÀvÑn JOµOµ ¶¢À±¼±ÀµÀÀ iñOµ ¶ªÃ°µîn±¸îg¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ £¶¢±¼AVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ 7. What is photoelectric effect? Derive Einstein’s photoelectric equation
O¸Ai £lµÀïh³ ¶pûwhµ¶¢ÀÀ C¶mS¸Êm£À?K´m ¾ªà´m O¸Ai £lµÀïh³ ¶ª¤ÀOµ±µg¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ ±¸sdÀජÀÀ? 8. What are the properties of matter waves
lµñ¶¢ïhµ±µAS¸v lûµ±µî¶¢ÀÀvÀ ¢¸ñ±ÀµÀÀ¶¢ÀÀ? 9. Calculate the wave lengths of the first line of the Balmer series (Rydberg constant R=1.097 X 107/m)
s¹¶¢À±³ Ê¥ñgºvÑn È¢Àlµdº ±ÉP ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ hµ±µASµËlDZµÙþﶢÀÀ¶mÀ vÇOºÖAVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ? (R=1.097 X 107/m) 10. Calculate the work function of sodium if its threshold wavelength is 5040 A0
«Òfº±ÀµÀA ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ D±µAsûµ hµ±µASµËlDZµÙþﶢÀÀ¶mÀ 5040
A0 C±ÀÀhÉ ¶pn ¶pñÊ¢À±ÀµÀ¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ vÇOºÖAVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ. 11. If the uncertainty in the position of an electron is 4 X 10-10m .Calculate the
uncertainty in its momentum
LOµ IvO¸àò´m ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ «¸ç¶m¶¢ÀÀvÑ Cn¦Ûhµhµö¶¢ÀÀ 4 X 10-10¤À C±ÀÀhÉ l¸nlµñ¶¢ïÊ¢Sµ¶¢ÀÀvÑ Cn¦Ûhµhµö¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ vÇOºÖAVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ 12. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength associated with a proton moving with a
velocity equal to 1/20th of the velocity of light
O¸AiÊ¢Sµ¶¢ÀÀvÑ 1/20¶¢ ¶¢AhµÀ Ê¢Sµ¶¢ÀÀhÐ Vµw¶ªÀå¶mé LOµ qÒñd¹´m hÐ C¶mÀ¶ªAlû¸¶mËÈ¢À¶m f½sÑñS¿ô hµ±µASµËlDZµÙþﶢÀÀ¶mÀ vÇOµÖSµdÀජÀÀ
SECTION III Answer ALL questions 10 X 2 =20
13. What are the drawbacks of Bohr’s atomic modal
sѱ³ ¶p±µ¶¢ÃgÀ ¶m¶¢ÀÃm¸ vÑn vÑq¸v¶mÀ ¢¸ñ±ÀµÀÀ¶¢ÀÀ 14. Define Zeeman Effect and stark effect
a¶¢À´m ¶pûwhµ¶¢ÀÀ,«¸à±³Ö ¶pûwhµ¶¢ÀÀv¶mÀ n±µöWAVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ 15. What is Compton Effect?
O¸A¶pà´m ¶pûwhµ¶¢ÀÀ C¶mS¸J£À? 16. Write the applications of Raman Effect
±¸¶¢À´m ¶pûwhµ¶¢ÀÀ ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ C¶mÀ¶¢±µåm¸v¶mÀ ¢¸ñ±ÀµÀAfº 17. State Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle
ËȬȪ´m s±³Ø Cn¦Ûhµhµö ¶ªÃhµñ¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ ¢¸ñ±ÀµÀAfº 18. What is the difference between phase velocity and group velocity?
lµ¥¹Ê¢Sµ¶¢ÀÀ ¶¢À±¼±ÀµÀÀ SµÃñ¶pÁÊ¢Sµ¶¢ÀÀv ¶¢Àlûµï sÉlûµÊ¢À£À? 19. What is the Bohr’s complementary principle?
sѱ³ C¶mÀ±µÃ¶phµö n±ÀµÀ¶¢À¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ ¢¸ñ±ÀµÀAfº
20. What is an operator?
D¶p±Éd±³ C¶mS¸J£À? 21. What is the significance of a wave function?
hµ±µASµ¶pñÊ¢À±ÀµÀ¶¢ÀÀ ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ q¸ñlû¸¶mïhµ J£À? 22. What is the importance of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle?
ËȬȪ´m s±³Ø Cn¦Ûhµhµö n±ÀµÀ¶¢À¶¢ÀÀ ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ q¸ñ¶¢ÀÀPïhµ J£À?
***
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) : RAJAHMUNDRY
(Accredited by NAAC “A” Grade)
B.Sc.,DEGREE EXAMINATIONS
EXAMINATION AT THE END OF VI SEMESTER
PAPER III -
MODERN PHYSICS (ELECTRICITY & MAGNETISM)
MODEL PAPER
TIME : 3 HOURS MAX MARKS : 75
SECTION A
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS 4 X 10 = 40
1(a). Obtain an expression for the growth and decay of currents in an L-R circuit ?
OR
Deduce the relation between current and voltage in an AC circuit containing
(a)A pure resistance(b)A pure inductance and (c) A pure capacitance?
2(a) State and discus the basic laws of electricity and magnetism in their integral form from
these laws derive Maxwell’s equations in the differential form?
OR
(b)Show that the electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature?
3(a) Draw the circuit diagram of a full wave rectifier and explain its working .derive the
expression for efficiency and ripple factor in the case of a full wave rectifier ?
OR
(b)Explain the operation of a transistor as an amplifier? Explain feedback in amplifiers?
4(a) Draw an OR gate ?explain its functioning and the truth table for an OR Gate?
OR
(b)State and prove the two parts of De Morgan’s theorem?
SECTION-B
Answer any five questions of the following (5 X 3=15 MARKS)
5.What do you understand by power factor in an AC circuit? When it will be zero?
6.Describe HERTZ experiment for the production of electromagnetic waves?
7. Write briefly about the hybrid parameters?
8. Explain the functioning of a full adder along with respective truth tables?
9. A capacitance of 50 F and an inductance if 0.2025 Henry are connected in series if the
resistance of the circuit is negligible. Find the frequency at which resonance occurs?
10. A Half wave rectifier supplies power to a 2K load .the input supply is 220Vrms.
Neglecting forward resistance of the diode calculate (1)Vdc (2)Idc (3)Ripple voltage?
11. Find the binary equivalents of the following numbers expressed in decimal number
system?(1)0.5625 (2)13 ?
12. Find the decimal equivalent of the following numbers expressed in binary number system (1)
1111 (2)111001 ?
SECTION-C (10 X 2=20MARKS)
Answer all questions
13. What is Q factor?
14. Distinguish between series and parallel resonance?
15. What is meant by displacement current?
16. What is pointing vector?
17. Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors?
18. Write Barkhausen condition?
19. What is continuity equation?
20. Draw the circuit diagram of transistor in the CE configuration?
21. Define NAND and NOR gates?
22. Draw the circuit diagram of Half adder?
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (A): RAJAHMUNDRY (NAAC accredited at ‘A’ grade)
B.Sc., DEGREE EXAMINATIONS AT THE END OF VI SEMESTER
PHYSICS PAPER IV (MODAL PAPER)
TIME: 3 Hrs MAX MARKS: 75
SECTION I
Answer ALL questions 4 X 10 = 40 1 a) Explain the basic properties of nucleus
OÉAlµñOµ¶¢ÀÀ ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ ¶¢ÀÔwOµ v°µg¸v¶mÀ hÇvÀ¶pÁ¶¢ÀÀ OR
b) Explain the liquid drop modal of nucleus
OÉAlµñOµ¶¢ÀÀ ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ lµñ¶¢tAlµÀ ¶m¶¢ÀÃm¸¶mÀ £¶¢±¼A¶pÁ¶¢ÀÀ 2 a) Describe Gamow’s theory of α-decay
α-°½ghµOµÀ ¶ªAsAlû¼AW¶m S¸È¢Ã »ªl¸çAhµ¶¢ÀÀmÀ ¶¢±¼äA¶pÁ¶¢ÀÀ OR
b) What are nuclear reactions? Explain different types of nuclear reactions
OÉAlµñOµ Vµ±µïv¶mS¸Êm£ ? ££lûµ ±µOµ¶¢ÀÀv OÉAlµñOµVµ±µïv¶mÀ £¶¢±¼A¶pÁ¶¢ÀÀ 3 a) Explain the seven crystal system with an example for each system
LOÍÖOµÖ ¶¢ï¶¢¶ªçOµÀ LOÍÖOµÖ Gl¸¶¬±µghÐ JfµÀ ¶ªëdºOµ ¶¢ï¶¢¶ªçv¶mÀ £¶¢±¼A¶pÁ¶¢ÀÀ
OR
b) Describe the powder method for the analysis of crystal structure. What are its
advantages?
¶ªëdºOµ n±¸îg¶¢ÀÀ £Ê¥ô¶¨gOµÀ ¶ªëdºOµVµÃ±µä ¶plµçin £¶¢±¼AVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ. l¸n¶¢v¶m v¹sûµÊ¢À£À? 4 a) Give a detailed account of dia, para and ferro magnetic materials
q¸±¸, fµ±ÀµÃ, Èpû±Ðñ C±ÀµÀ«¸ÖAhµ ¶pl¸±µç¶¢ÀÀv SµÀ±¼AW £¶pÁv¶¢ÀÀS¸ hÇvÀ¶pÁ¶¢ÀÀ
OR
b) Describe the Weiss theory of ferromagnetism
Èpû±Ðñ C±ÀµÀ«¸ÖAhµhµö¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ SµÃ±¼Û¶m ¤´ª »ªl¸çAhµ¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ ¶¢±¼äAVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ
SECTION II
Answer any FIVE questions 5 X 3 = 15
5. A G.M.counter wire collects 108 electrons per discharge when the counting rate
is 500/minute, What will be the average current in the circuit?
LOµ G.M. SµgOµ¶¢ÀÀ LOµ Ghµù±µØ¶¢ÀÀ¶mOµÀ 108 IvO¸àò¶mÀv¶mÀ ʪOµ±¼AVµÀ VµÀ¶mél¼. OÓAdÀ ±ÉdÀ 500/n¶¢ÀÀ¶¨A C±ÀÀ¶m ¶¢v±ÀµÀ¶¢ÀÀvÑ ¶ªSµdÀ £lµÀïh³ ¶pñ¢¸¶¬ È¢ÀAhµ? 6. State and explain Geiger- Nuttal law
ËSÇSµ±³-¶mÀïdv³ ¶ªÃhµñ¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ ¢¸ñ»ª £¶¢±¼AVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ 7. Describe Born-Haber cycle.
sѱ³é-ʬs±³ ¶¢v±ÀµÀ¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ ¶¢±¼äAVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ 8. Write short note on nanomaterials and their applications
m¸mÐ ¶pl¸±µç¶¢ÀÀv SµÃ±¼Û¶¢À±¼±ÀµÀÀ ¢¸n C¶mÀ¶¢±µåm¸v¶mÀ SµÃ±¼Û v¶TÀd½Oµ ¢¸ñ±ÀµÀÀ¶¢ÀÀ 9. Explain the construction and working of Wilson Cloud Chamber
¤vù´m Ê¢À¶TÊpdºOµ n±¸îg¶¢ÀÀ ¶pnVɱÀµÀÀ £lû¸¶m¶¢ÀÀv¶mÀ SµÃ±¼Û £¶¢±¼A¶pÁ¶¢ÀÀ 10. What is the mass number of a nucleus whose radius is 2.71Fermi(r0=1.3 X 10-15m)
2.71 Èpû±¼î ¢¸ï«¸±µç¶¢ÀÀSµv OÉAlµñOµ¶¢ÀÀ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ lµñ¶¢ï±¸¦¶ªAPïIAhµ?(
r0=1.3 X 10-15¤À) 11. Calculate the longest wavelength that can be analyzed by rock salt crystal of
spacing 2.82A0 In the 1st order
¶pñlûµ¶¢À OÐdºvÑ 2.82A0 ʪ껪AS³ OµwS¼±ÀµÀÀ¶mé ±¸O³ «¸v³à ¶ªëdºOµ¶¢ÀÀVÉ £Ê¥ô¶¨g VɱÀµÀlµSµÀ Sµ±¼¶¨à hµ±µASµËlDZµÙþﶢÀÀ¶mÀ vÇOºÖAVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ 12. Calculate the Q value of the following reaction
7N14 + 2He4 8O17 +1H1 + Q given mass of
7N14 =14.00755 amu
2He4 =4.00388 amu
8O17 = 17.00453 amu
1H1 = 1.00815 amu
1 amu – 931.5 MeV
OºñAl¼Vµ±µï¶mÀAfº Q £vÀ¶¢¶mÀ SµgºAVµÀ¶¢ÀÀ 7N14 + 2He4 8O17 +1H1 + Q
lµñ¶¢ï±¸¶¥ÀvÀ 7N14 =14.00755 amu
2He4 =4.00388 amu
8O17 = 17.00453 amu
1H1 = 1.00815 amu
1 amu – 931.5 MeV Cn F±ÀµÀsfº¶m£
SECTION III
Answer ALL questions 10 X 2 = 20
13. Name different Nuclear forces
££lûµ OÉAlµñOµ sv¹v¶mÀ ¢¸ñ±ÀµÀÀ¶¢ÀÀ 14. What are Miller Indices
£Àvô±³ ¶ªÃWOµ vn Ê¢n¶mAlµÀ±µÀ? 15. Explain the solid state detector
¶T¶m»ªçi ¥ÑlûµOµ¶¢ÀÀ¶mÀ £¶¢±¼A¶pÁ¶¢ÀÀ 16. Name the different bondings that present in crystals
¶ªëdºOµ¶¢ÀÀvvÑ Sµv ££lûµ sAlû¸v¶mÀ Êp±ÍÖ¶mÀ¶¢ÀÀ 17.What are the properties of ferries
Èpû˱Çþñd³ v lûµ±µî¶¢ÀÀvÉ£? 18. What is Meissner effect
ËÈ¢À´ª¶m±³ ¶pûwhµ¶¢ÀÀ C¶mS¸J£À?
19.What are the uses of super conductors
Ci¢¸¶¬Oµ¶¢ÀÀv ¶¢v¶m ¶pñ±ÀÇÃY¶m¶¢ÀÀvÉ£? 20. What is lattice energy of a crystal
LOµ ¶ªëdºOµ¶¢ÀÀ±ÀÇÀÀOµÖ Y¹vOµ ¶¥Oºå C¶mS¸J£À? 21. What is the importance of nuclear reactions?
OÉAlµñOµ Vµ±µïv q¸ñ¶¢ÀÀPïhµ J£À? 22.What are magnetic Domains
C±ÀµÀ«¸ÖAhµ fÍËÈ¢À´m v¶mS¸J£À?
***