10978-1-4613-3315...ice dynamics project, u.s.g.s., university of puget sound, thompson hall, room...

Venice Symposium - Note of thanks

The 200 scientists from 20 countries who attended the Venice Symposium are grateful to their Italian hosts for a valuable and enjoyable meeting. We must particularly thank Prof. F. Benvenuti, Rector of the University of Venice, Prof. ~1. Merlin, Director of the Applied Project "Oceanografia e fondi Marini" of the C.N.R. and Ing. G. Muscarella, Director of the Sub-project "Tecnologie Marine," for accommodation in the delightful palace Cal Dolfin and for financial sponsorship. We thank Pierro Petrelli, Luigi Alberotanza, Gianfranco Albighieri and administrative personnel of the Instituto per 10 Studio della Dinamica delle Grandi Masse for their work during the meeting, and Jane Zanin for her work before, during and afterwards. I think all attendees would want to join me in thanking Paola Malanotte-Rizzoli for her warm personal hospitality and unbelievable energy, which combined to give such a happy feeling to the week.

941

942 VENICE SYMPOSIUM

Venice Symposium. (Centre) Coffee break in the garden of Ca' Dolfin, (Clockwise from top left) Unloading supplies at Palazzo Papadopoli on the Grand Canal, St. Mark's Square, Venetian street scene with organizing committee, quiet moments in Ca' Dolfin garden, one of the three poster sessions of the meeting, heading for dinner on Burano, the entrance to Ca' Dolfin.

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

ABIGUN A. ABIODUN Outer Space Affairs Division, United Nations Secretariat 42nd Street and 1st Avenue, New York, New York 10017, U.S.A.

LUIGI ALBEROTANZA Instituto per 10 Studio della Dinamica delle Grandi Masse (CNR) San Polo 1364, 30125 Venezia, ITALY

GRAHAM ALCOCK Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Bidston Observatory Birkenhead, Merseyside L43 7RA, ENGLAND

GIANFRANCO ALDIGHIERI Instituto per 10 Studio della Dinamica delle Grandi Masse (CNR) San Polo 1364, 30125 Venezia, ITALY

T.D. ALLAN Institute of Oceanographic Sciences Brook Road, Wormley, Godalming, Surrey GU8 SUB, ENGLAND

WERNER ALPERS Institut fUr Geophysik, Universitat Hamburg Schluterstr. 22, 2 Hamburg 13, WEST GERMANY

VOLKER AMANN Deutsche Forschung u. Versuchsanstalt f. Luft und Raumfaht(DFVLR) D-803l Oberpfaffenhofen, WEST GERMANY

DAVID ANDERSON Dept. of Atmospheric Physics, Clarendon Laboratory Oxford OXI 3P6, ENGLAND

FRANK P. ANDERSON, DIRECTOR National Research Inst. for Oceanology P.O. Box 320, Stellenbosch 7600, SOUTH AFRICA

JOHN R. APEL, DIRECTOR NOAA/ERL/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory 3711 - 15th Ave. N.E., Seattle, Washington 98105, U.S.A.

GUSTAF ARRHENIUS Ritter Hall, Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.

943

944 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

ANTONIO ARTEGIANI Instituto di Tecnologia della Pesca-CNR Molo Mandracchio, Ancona, ITALY

ROSWELL W. AUSTIN, DIRECTOR Visibility Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.

W.B. BAILEY Atlantic Oceanographic Laboratory, Bedford Inst. of Oceanography P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia AlB 3X5, CANADA

DENES BAJZAK Dept. of Eng. & Applied Science, Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland St. John's, Newfoundland AlB 3X5, CANADA

VITTORIO BARALE Visibility Lab., Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.

T. BARNETT Mail-Code A-024, Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.

WILLARD BASCOM Coastal Water Research 646 West Pacific Coast Highway, Long Beach, Calif. 90802, U.S.A.

L. BATTISTON Instituto per 10 Studio della Dinamica delle Grandi Masse (CNR) San Polo 1364, 30125 Venezia, ITALY

PETER E. BAYLIS Univ. of Dundee, Dept. of Electrical Engineering & Electronics Dundee DDI 4HN, SCOTLAND

ROBERT BEAL John Hopkins Applied Physics Lab. John Hopkins Road, Laurel, Maryland 20810, U.S.A.

J.J. MARTINEZ BENJAMIN Catedra Special de Tecnologias del Espacio Universidad Politecnica de Barcelona, Barcelona, SPAIN

A. BERGAMASCO Castello 1303 Venezia, ITALY


MARCELLO BERNABO S.M.A., S.p.A. Via del Ferrone, Firenza, ITALY

BOB BERNSTEIN Scripps Inst. of Oceanography, Univ. of Cal. at San Diego La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.

L. BERTOTTI Via B. Pellegrino 10 Padova, ITALY

J.P. BETHOUX Lab. de Physique et Chimie Marines La Darse, B.O. 8, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, FRANCE

KARLHEINZ BISCHOFF Academy of Sciences of GDR, Institut fUr Elektronik Rudower Chaussee 6, DDR-1199 Berlin-Adershof, GDR

GEORGE BORN SEASAT Management, Jet Propulsion Laboratory 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91103, U.S.A.

JtlRGEN BRENNECKE

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Institut f. Angewandte Geodasie, Abt. II des DGF I Richard-Straussee-Allee 11, D-6000 Frankfurt A.M., WEST GERMANY

ANNICK BRICAUD Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Marines, Univ. P. et M. Curie F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, FRANCE

PETER BROCHE L.S.E.E.T., Universite de Toulon et du Var, "La Giponne" Boulevard des Armaris,83000 Toulon, FRANCE

HANS-JURGEN BROSIN Academy of Sciences of GDR, Institute of Marine Research Seestrasse 15, DDR-2530 Rostock-Warnemunde, GDR

CLAUDE BROSSIER CNES/GRGS 18 Avenue E. Belin, 31055 Toulouse Cedex, FRANCE

OTIS B. BROWN RSMAS/MPO, University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, U.S.A.


RICHARD D. BROWN Phoenix Corporation 1700 Old Meadow Road, McLean, Virginia 22102, U.S.A.

LESLIE CAMPBELL University of California, San Diego La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.

WILLIAM CAMPBELL Ice Dynamics Project, U.S.G.S., University of Puget Sound, Thompson Hall, Room 113, Tacoma, Washington 98416, U.S.A.

MARK CANE M.LT. Room 54-1720, Cambridge, Mass. 02139, U.S.A.

DAVID E. CARTWRIGHT Institute of Oceanographic Sciences Bidston, Birkenhead, Merseyside L43 7RA, ENGLAND

MOUSTAFA T. CHAHINE Jet Propulsion Lab. 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91103, U.S.A.

ALFRED T.C. CHANG NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 924 Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, U.S.A.

HENRY CHARNOCK Dept. of Oceanography, University of Southampton Southampton S09 5N4, ENGLAND

ROBERT CHASE NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, U.S.A.

ROBERT CHENEY Geodynamics Branch-Code 921, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, U.S.A.

RENATO CINI Instituto di Chimica Fisica, Universita di Firenze Via G. Capponi 9, 50126 Firenze, ITALY

DENNIS K. CLARK NOAA/NESS World Weather Bldg., E.S.G. Code S-33, Rm. 810 Washington, D.C. 20233, U.S.A.

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 947

FRANCO COSTA Instituto per 10 Studio della Dinamica delle Grandi Masse (CNR) San Polo 1364, 30125 Venezia, ITALY

A.P. CRACKNELL Carnegie Laboratory of Physics, University of Dundee Dundee DDI 4HN, Scotland, U.K.

JOHN CRAWFORD Code 490, NASA/Langley Research Center Hampton, Virginia, U.S.A.

D.L. CROOM Appleton Laboratory Ditton Park, Slough, Berks SL3 9JX, U.K.

GUISEPPE DALU IFA-CNR Piazzale Luigi Sturzo 31, 00144 Roma, ITALY

G. DANIELE Telespazio S.p.A. Corso d'Italia 42/43, Roma, ITALY

J.M. DELAMARE DGRST 35 rue Saint Dominique, 75006 Paris, FRANCE

RENE DELEPINE Biogeographie et Ecologie Benthiques, Univer. P. et M. Curie 7, Quai St. Bernard, 75230 Paris Cedex 05, FRANCE

J.C. De MAISTRE L.S.E.E.T., Universite de Toulon et du Var, "La Giponne" Boulevard des Armaris, 83000 Toulon, FRANCE

PETER E. DEXTER Physical Research Section, Bureau of Meteorology G.P.O. Box l289K, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, AUSTRALIA

R. DOERFFER GKSS Forschungszentrum Postfach 1160, 2054 Geesthacht, WEST GERMANY

BRUCE DOUGLAS NOAA/National Ocean Survey Rockville, Maryland 20852, U.S.A.

948

CECILE DUPOUY Lab. d'Optique Atmospherique B.P. 5, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, FRANCE

S.Z. EL-SAYED Texas A & M University College Station, Texas 77840, U.S.A.

YASUFUMI EMORI Inst. of Color Tech., Chiba University 1-33, Yayoicho Chiba, JAPAN

JOHN ERNST NOAA/NESS, Spacecraft Oceanography Group


WWB, 53Xl, M/S-G, Washington, D.C. 20233, U.S.A.

BRIAN FARRELLY Geofysisk Inst. AVD. A Allegt. 70, 5014 Bergen-Univ., NORWAY

P. FORGET L.S.E.E.T., Universite de Toulon et du Var, "La Giponne" Boulevard des Armaris, 83100 Toulon, FRANCE

PAOLO FRANCO Instituto di Biologia del Mare-CNR Castello 1364, Venezia ITALY

ROBERTO FRASSETTO Instituto per 10 Studio della Dinamica delle Grandi Masse (CNR) San Polo 1364, 30125 Venezia, ITALY

M. FROUIN Univ. des Sciences et Technique de Lille 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, FRANCE

JAMES J. GALLAGHER Code 33, Bldg. 36, U.S. Navy Underwater Systems Center New London, Conn. 06320, U.S.A.

E. GAPOSCHKIN Smithsonian Obs. 60 Garden St., Cambridge, Mass. 02138, U.S.A.

JOHN GARRETT Institute of Ocean Sciences P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, B.C. V8L 4B2, CANADA


CATHERINE GAUTIER Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin 53706, U.S.A.

P.J.F. GEERDERS Netherlands Centre for Oceanographic Data, c/o KNMI Wihelminalaan 10, 3732 GK De Bilt, THE NETHERLANDS

ALBERTO GERACI Instituto di Macchine, Universita degli Studi di Catania Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, ITALY

LUCIANNO GIANNINI Instituto per 10 Studio della Dinamica delle Grandi Masse (CNR) San Polo 1364, 30125 Venezia, ITALY

WOLFGANG C. GIERATHS Dornier-System GmbH Postfach 1360, D-7990 Friedrichshafen, WEST GERMANY

PER GLOERSON Code 912, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, U.S.A.

HOWARD GORDON University of Miami, Physics Dept. Coral Gables, Florida 33124, U.S.A.

F. GOUTORBE EPSHOM 13, rue du Chatellier, B.P. 426, 29275 Brest Cedex, FRANCE

JIM F.R. GOWER Institute of Ocean Sciences P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, B.C. V8L4B2, CANADA

HARTMUT GRASSL Max-Planck-Institut fur Meteorologie Bundesstr. 55, D-2000 Hamburg 13, WEST GERMANY

A.L. GRAY Electromagnetics Institute, Building 348, Tech. Univ. Of Denmark DK-2800 Lyngby, DENMARK

PREBEN GUDMANDSEN E1ectromagnetics Institute, Building 348, Tech. Univ. of Denmark DK-2800 Lyngby, DENMARK


J.P. GUIGNARD ESA-Estc Noordwijk, THE NETHERLANDS

O.R. HARGER Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, Maryland 20742, U.S.A.

RICHARD F. HARRINGTON Mail Stop 490, Langley Research Center/NASA Hampton, Virginia 23665, U.S.A.

KLAUS HASSELMANN Max Planck Inst. f. Meteorlogie, GEOMATlKUM Bundesstrasse 55, 2000 Hamburg 13, WEST GERMANY

JOHN HAYES Environmental Research & Technology Inc. 696 Virginia Road, Concord, Mass. 01742, U.S.A.

J.W. HEATON British Aerospace Dynamics Group, Space & Communications Div. Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Herts, ENGLAND

HORST HELBIG DFVLR Oberpfaffenhofen, D-803l Wessling, GERMANY

NIELS K. H0JERSLEV Institute of Physical Oceanography, University of Copenhagen Haraldsgade 6, 2200 N Copenhagen, DENMARK

INGEMAR HOLSTROM Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Inst. Box 923, S660l 19 Norrk8ping, SWEDEN

THOMAS S. HOPKINS Oceanographic Sciences Div., Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York 11973, U.S.A.

U. HORSTMANN Institute for Marine Research, University of Kiel Dustenbrooker Weg 20, 2300 Kie1, GERMANY

JOHN T. HOUGHTON Rutherford and Appleton Laboratories Chilton, Didcot, OxfordshireOXll OQX, U.K.


WARREN HOVIS U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA/NESS Washington, D.C. 20233, U.S.A.

J.L. HYACINTHE CNEXO 66, avenue d'lena, 75116 Paris, FRANCE

JOJI IISAKA IBM Japan, Ltd.

951

Mori Bldg. 21, 4-34, Roppongi 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 10~ JAPAN

D. IMBAULT Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique, Ecole Poletechnique Route Departmentale 36, 91120 Pa1aiseau, FRANCE

SURESH C. JAIN Moniteq Ltd. 630 Rivermede Road, Concord, Ontario L4K IB6, CANADA

JOHNNY JOHANNESSEN University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute, Div. A Allegaten 70, N-5014 Bergen-Universitet, NORWAY

OLA M. JOHANNESSEN Geofysisk Inst. Avd. A, Allegaten 70, 5014 Bergen-Univ., NORWAY

FRANCIS S. JOHNSON National Science Foundation 1800 G Street N.W., Room 510, Washington, D.C. 20550, U.S.A.

J.W. JOHNSON Langley Research Center, Code 490 Hampton, Virginia 23665, U.S.A.

KRISTINA KATSAROS Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, AK 40 Seattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A.

JOHN KEEGAN Naval Underwater Systems Center, Code 24 New London, Conn. 06320, U.S.A.

KATHRYN A . KELLY Center for Coastal Studies-A009, Scripps Inst. of Oceanography La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.


DALE KIEFER Dept. Biological Sciences, University of Southern California University Park, Los Angeles, California 90007, U.S.A.

PETER KOEPKE Universitat Mlinchen, Meteorologisches Institut Theresienstrasse 37, D-8000 Mlinchen 2, WEST GERMANY

ADAM KOZMA Environmental Research Institute of Michigan P.O. Box 8618. Ann Arbor, Michigan 48107, U.S.A.

L.H. LARSEN Dept. of Oceanography WB-lO, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A.

MS. LAVANANT CNES 18, avenue E. Belin, 31055 Toulouse Cedex, FRANCE

M. LEFEBVRE GRGS-CNES 18, avenue E. Belin, 31055 Toulouse Cedex, FRANCE

C. LE PROVOST Institut de Mecanique B.P. 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex, FRANCE

WILLIAM LITTLE Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 132 Clark Lab. Woods Hole, Mass. 02543, U.S.A.

R. LJ0EN Institute of Marine Research P.O. Box 1870-72, 5011 Bergen-Nordnes, NORWAY

P.P. LOMBARDINI Inst. di Fisica Generale dell'Univ. Corso d'Azeglio 46, 10125 Torino, ITALY

CHARLES A. LUTHER Office of Naval Research 800 Quincy St., Arlington, Virginia 22217, U.S.A.

J.R.E. LUTJEHARMS National Research Inst. for Oceanology, CSIR P.O. Box 320, 7600 Stellenbosch, SOUTH AFRICA


HANSPETER LUTZ ESA/ESTEC Zwarteweg 62, 2200 A6 Noordwijk, THE NETHERLANDS

O.G. MALAN National Physical Research Lab. P.O. Box 395, 0001 Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA

LIVIO MARELLI ESRIN Via Galileo Galilei, 00044 Frascati, ITALY

GIANCARLO MARACCI Joint Research Centre, EURATOM 21020 Ispra (Varese), ITALY

GUGLIELMO MARSIGLIA SMA S.p.A. Via del Ferrone. Firenze, ITALY

C. MATZLER University of Berne, Institute of Applied Physics Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Berne, SWITZERLAND

E.P. McCLAIN National Environmental Satellite Service, NOAA Washington, D.C. 20233, U.S.A.

J. McGINNETY Natural Environment Research Council Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 lEU, ENGLAND

J. T. McGOOGAN NASA/Wallops Flight Center Wallops Island, Virginia 23337, U.S.A.

A. S. McCLAREN Commanding Officer, Naval Underwater Systems Center Newport, R.I., 02840, U.S.A.

YVES MENARD CNES/GRGS 18, avenue Edouard Belin, 31055 Toulouse Cedex, FRANCE

A.R. DE MESQUITA Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo C.P. 9075, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL

953


J.R. MILLER Centre for Research in Experimental Space Science, York Univ. 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, CANADA

C. MILLOT Lab. d'Oceanographie Physique B.P. 2, 83501 La Seyne Cedex, FRANCE

P. MOGOROVICH CNUCE-CNR Via Santa Maria 36, 56100 Pisa, ITALY

E. C. MONAHAN Dept. of Oceanography, University College Galway, IRELAND

J.M. MONGET Ecole des Mines 35, rue St. Honore, 77305 Fontainebleau, FRANCE

MARIELLO MONTI SCI Marite1erada, Accademia Nava1e Via1e Ita1ia 72, 57100 Livorno, ITALY

RICHARD K. MOORE Remote Sensing Lab., The University of Kansas 2291 Irving Hill Drive, Campus West, Lawrence, Kansas 66045,U.S.A.

ANDRE MOREL Laboratoire d'Oceanographie Physique Vi11efranche-sur-Mer 06230, FRANCE

S. MOSTERT Sea Fisheries Inst. Private Bag, 8060 Sea Point, SOUTH AFRICA

WAYNE D. MOUNT Geo-Atmospherics Corp. P.O. Box 177, Lincoln, Mass. 01773, U.S.A.

J. MUELLER Code 941, GLAS/NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, U.S.A.

H.J. MULLER DFVLR-NE-HF Kunchneostr. 30, 8031 Oberpfaffenhofen OBB, WEST GERMANY


W.A. NIERENBERG Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ. of Calif. at San Diego La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.

ENI G. NJOKU Jet Propulsion Laboratory 168-314 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91106, U.S.A.

FRANCOIS NYFFELER Case 450 Ch-250l Bienne, SWITZERLAND

IOGNAID O'MUIRCHEARTAIGH Dept. of Oceanography, University College Galway, IRELAND

B. OSTROM National Board of Fisheries, Hydrographic Laboratory Box 2566, 40317 Goteborg, SWEDEN

GUIDO PACI ESA-EOPO 18, Av. Edouard Belin, 31 Toulouse, FRANCE

MARCELLO PAGLIARI ENEL-CRTN Bastioni di Porta Voltaio, Milano, ITALY

MICHAEL E. PARKE Jet Propulsion Laboratory 4800 Oak Drive, Pasadena, California 91103, U.S.A.

RICCARDO PESARESI Tecnomare S.p.A. San Marco 2091, Venezia, ITALY

STEVEN PETEHERYCH Atmospheric Environment Service 4905 Dufferin St., Downsview, Ontario M3H 5T4, CANADA

MICHELE PHILIPPE Centre de Meteorologie Spatiale 22300 Lannion, FRANCE

WILLARD J. PIERSON Cuny Inst. of Marine & Atmospheric Sciences, Science Bldg. J307A Convent Ave. at l38th St., New York, New York 10031, U.S.A.


L. PILAN Instituto per 10 Studio della Dinamica delle Grandi Masse (CNR) San Polo 1364, 30125 Venezia, ITALY

GILBERT N. PLASS Dept. of Physics Texas A & M Univeristy, College Station, Texas 77840, U.S.A.

L. PRIEUR Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Marines La Darse, B.P. 8, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, FRANCE

GIAMPIETRO PUPPI Tecnomare S.p.A. San Marco 2091, 30124 Venezia, ITALY

ZH. QUANAN First Institute of Oceanography, National Bureau of Oceanography P.O. Box 98, Qingdao, CHINA

P. QUEFFEULOU Univ. de Bretagne Occidentale Av. Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, FRANCE

H. QUENZEL Universitat Mlinchen, Meteorologisches Inst. Theresienstrasse 37, D-8000 Kunchen 2, WEST GERMANY

R. KEITH RANEY Canada Centre for Remote Sensing 2464 Sheffield Rd., Ottawa, Ontario KIA OY7, CANADA

CHRISTOPHER RIZOS Dept. of Geodesy, School of Surveying, University of N.S.W. P.O. Box 1, Kensington 2033, Sydney, AUSTRALIA

PAOLA MALANOTTE RIZZOLI Instituto per 10 Studio della Dinamica delle Grandi Masse (CNR) San Polo 1364, 30125 Venezia, ITALY

PHILIP W. ROSENKRANZ M.I.T., Room 26-343 Cambridge, Mass. 02139, U.S.A.

GIORGIO ROSSI Dorsoduro 1253 Venezia, ITALY


CLIFFORD RUFENACH NOAA/ERL, Mail Code R45x5 326 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80302, U.S.A.

STANLEY RUTTENBERG NCAR P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Colorado 80302, U.S.A.

SEI-ICHI SAITOH Research Inst. of North Pacific Fisheries, Hokkaido Univ. Kalodate, Hokkaido, 041, JAPAN

GORDON SCHACHER Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California 93940, U.S.A.

P.M. SCHLITTENHARDT JRC - EURATOM 21020 Ispra (Varese), ITALY

JENS SCHROTER Max Pl"anck Inst. f. Meteorologie Bundesstrasse 55, 2000 Hamburg 13, GERMANY

OMAR SHEMDIN Jet Propulsion Lab. 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91103, U.S.A.

ROBERT SHUCHMAN ERIM P.O. Box 8618, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48107, U.S.A.

A.M. SHUTKO

957

Institute of Radio Engineering & Electronics, Academy of Sciences Marx Avenue 18, Moscow, GSP-3, 103907, U.S.S.R.

VLADIMIR E. SKLYAROV P.P. Shirshov Inst. of Oceanology, Academy of Sciences, U.S.S.R. Drasikova 23, 117218 Moscow, B-218, U.S.S.R.

NIELS SKOU E1ectromagnetics Inst., Bldg. 348, Technical Univ. of Denmark DK-2800 Lyngby, DENMARK

RAYMOND SMITH Visibility Lab., Scripps Inst. of Oceanography, Univ. of Cal. La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.

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GIORGIO SOCAL Inst. Biologia del Mare (CNR) Castello 1364, Venezia, ITALY

ROBERTO SORANI Itav. Servizio Meteorologico A.M.


Quadrato della Concordia 7, Roma (EUR) , ITALY

BENNY M0LLER S0RENSEN JRC - EURATOM 21020 Ispra (Varese), ITALY

RUDI SPANOFF Rijkswaterstaat, Directorate Water-Management Hooftskade 1, 2526 KA The Hague, THE NETHERLANDS

C.H. SPIKES Office of Naval Research, Branch Office 223 Old Marylebone Road, London NWI 5TH, ENGLAND

D. SPITZER Netherlands Inst. for Sea Research P.O. Box 59, Den Burg-Texel, Postgiro 89515, THE NETHERLANDS

R.E. STEVENSON Office of Naval Research, Q-043, Scripps Inst. of Oceanography La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.

ROBERT STEWART IGPP A-025, Scripps Inst. of Oceanography La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.

KLAUS STRUBLING Deutsches Hydrographisches Inst. Bernhard-Nocht-Strasse 78, D-2000 Hamburg 4, GERMANY

EINAR SVENDSEN Geofysisk Inst. AVD. A. Allegt, 70, 5014 Bergen-Univ., NORWAY

S. TABATA Institute of Ocean Sciences P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, B.C. V8L 4B2, CANADA

S. TASSAN C.C.R. Ispra Ispra (Va), ITALY


VINCENZO TERRANOVA Instituto di Macchine, Facolta di Ingegneria, Univ. di Catania V.le A. Doria, 6, Catania, ITALY

DAVID P. THOMAS Space Systems, British Aerospace-Dynamics Group Filton, Bristol, ENGLAND

J.O. THOMAS Imperial College of Sci. & Technology Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2B7, ENGLAND

JAMES P. THOMAS U.S. Department Commerce, NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Servo Highlands, New Jersey 07732, U.S.A.

L. THOMAS S.R.C. Rutherford & Appleton Laboratories Ditton Park, Slough Berks SL3 9JX, ENGLAND

M. TOMASINO ENEL - CRIS, Servizio Idrologico Corso del Popolo 245, Mestre-Venezia, ITALY

R.W. TRITES Bedford Institute of Oceanography P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, N.W., CANADA

GASPER R. VALENZUELA Physical Oceanography Br., U.S. Naval Research Lab., Code 4344 Washington, D.C. 20375, U.S.A.

O.A. VAN DER WESTHUYSEN CSIR P.O. Box 395, Pretoria 0001, SOUTH AFRICA

V.V.R. VARADACHARI National Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, INDIA

JOHN F. VESECKY Stanford Center for Radar Astronomy 233 Durand, Stanford, California 94305, U.S.A.

M. VIOLLIER Laboratoire d'Optique Atmospherique, Universit€ de Lille I 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, FRANCE


L. WALD CTAMN, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines de Paris Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, FRANCE

F. WALDNER Instituto di Fisica Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, ITALY

N. WALTERS NPRL/CSIR P.O. Box 395, Pretoria 0001, SOUTH AFRICA

BRIAN WANNAMAKER NATO Saclant Center Viale San Bartolomeo 400, 19026 La Spezia, ITALY

DAVID WEISSMAN Dept. of Engineering & Computer Sciences, Hofstra University Hempstead, New York 11550, U.S.A.

FRANK J. WENTZ Remote Sensing Systems 2015 Bridgeway, Ste. 302, Sausalito, California 94965, U.S.A.

M. WERNER DFVLR (NE-HF) 8031 Oberpfaffenhofen, WEST GERMANY

THOMAS T. WILHEIT Code 946, NASA/GSFC Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, U.S.A.

STAN WILSON NASA Headquarters, EBC-8 Washington, D.C. 20645, U.S.A.

E.P .L. WINDSOR British Aerospace Dynamics Group, Bristol Div. (F.P.C. 78) P.O. Box 5, Filton, Bristol BS12 7QW, ENGLAND

H.W. YATES NOAA/NESS Federal Bldg. 4, Rm. 0215, Washington, D.C. 20233, U.S.A.

CH. YENTSCH Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences West Booth Bay Harbor, Maine 04575, U.S.A.


A. ZANDONELLA Telespazio S.p.A. Corso d'Italia 42/43, Roma, ITALY

HAROLD ZWICK Canada Centre for Remote Sensing 2464 Sheffield Road, Ottawa, Ontario KlA OY7, CANADA

961

ACRONYMS AND DEFINITIONS

1. GROUPS OF PEOPLE

CO SPAR ERIM ESA FNOC ICSU IUCRM

IUGG JOC

NASA NCC NESS

NET NMFS NOAA

NWS PEG SCOR SURGE SWFC URSI WMO

2. SATELLITES

COMSS

COSMOS DOMSAT

Committee for Space Research, of ICSU Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, USA European Space Agency Fleet Numerical Oceanographic Center (US) International Council of Scientific Unions Inter-Union Commission on Radio Meteorology, of

URSI and IUGG International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics Joint Organizing Committee of GARP (see

experiments) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US) National Climatic Center (US) National Environmental Satellite Service, of

NOAA (US) Nimbus Experiment Team responsible for CZCS Sensor National Marine Fisheries Service (US) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

(US) National Weather Service (US) Pacific Environmental Group (US) Scientific Committee for Oceanic Research, of ICSU SEASAT Users Research Group of Europe South West Fisheries Center (US) Union Radio Scientifique International, of ICSU World Meteorological Organization

Coastal Oceans Monitoring Surveillance Satellite. Planned by ESA, now ERS-l

General name for Russian satellites, continuing. Domestic geostationary communication satellite.

Planned, US.

963

964 ACRONYMS AND DEFINITIONS

ERS-l ESA Remote Sensing satellite. Planned; Microwave and ocean colour sensors

ERTS Earth Resource Technology Satellite, NASA, US, renamed LANDSAT

GEOS-3 Geodynamics Experimental Ocean Satellite, NASA, US, 1975-1978. Radar altimeter and tracking systems

GMS Geostationary Meteorological Satellite, Japan, continuing. Visible and infrared full disc imaging.

GEOS Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, NOAA, US, continuing. East is located at 750 W and West at l350 W longitude. Visible and infrared full disc imaging.

GRAVSAT Gravity Satellite, NASA, US, planned. A satellite pair in very low, drag-corrected orbit.

INTERCOSMOS Russian satellite with international participation, continuing.

LANDSAT Land resources satellite, NASA, US, continuing. High resolution optical sensors, with infrared planned.

METEOSAT European geostationary weather satellite, continuing with gaps. Visible and infrared full disc imaging.

NIMBUS A series of experimental weather satellites, NASA, US, continuing. A wide variety of atmosphere, ice and ocean sensors.

NOAA A series of operational weather satellites, NASA, US, continuing. Visible and infrared imaging.

NOSS National Ocean Satellite System, US. A planned demonstration satellite with ocean microwave sensors.

SARSAT Synthetic Aperture Radar Satellite, planned, Canada, US, imaging radar emphasizing ice mapping.

SARSAT Search and Rescue Satellite, planned system be confused with the above, for satellite positioning of aircraft emergency locator transmitters. US, Canada, France, Russia.

SEASAT Experimental Ocean Satellite, NASA, US, 1978. Microwave sensor experiments.

SMS Synchronous Meteorological Satellite. Original, NASA, name for GOES satellites.

SURSAT Surveillance Satellite, Canada. A project to evaluate satellite capapilities.

TIROS Television Infrared Operational Satellite. NOAA weather satellites starting with the world's first weather satellite in 1960. TIROS N was the prototype for the latest series of NOAA satellites.

ACRONYMS AND DEFINITIONS 965

TOPEX

3. SENSORS

ALT

AMTS

ARGOS

ARIES

AVHRR

AXBT

CZCS

ESMR

HIRS

IRIS

LAMMR

MSS

MSU

OCS

RAMS

SAR

Ocean Topography Experiment planned US. Precision radar altimeter and tracking systems, with supporting microwave instruments.

Radar altimeter on SEASAT for ocean topography measurements.

Advanced Meteorological Temperature Sounder. Proposed multichannel infrared instrument for atmosphere and ocean surface temperatures.

Platform positioning to 1 km and data relay system on NASA and NOAA satellites operated by Service Argos, France.

Two channel infrared scanner operated by Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique, France.

Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer. Visible and infrared scanner replacing VHRR, giving more channels and higher radiometric precision, on TIROS-N, NOAA-6 and later NOAA satellites.

Airborne Expendable Bathy-Thermograph. Radio or wire connected droppable probe for ocean temperatures to 300 meters depth.

Coastal Zone Color Scanner. Precise, narrowband optical scanner for ocean colour measurements on NIMBUS 7.

Electronically Scanning Microwave Radiometer on NIMBUS 5 and 6 for ice and rain-rate mapping.

High Resolution Infrared Sounder on NIMBUS 6, TIROS N and later NOAA satellites.

Infrared Interferometer Spectrometer. Sounder on NIMBUS 3 and 4.

Large Antenna Multichannel Microwave Radiometer. Planned for NOSS. Similar to the SEASAT SMMR but with a 4 meter dish antenna.

Multispectral Scanner on LANDSAT. High resolution, broad band, optical and near infrared scanner designed for land applications.

Microwave Sounder Unit on TIROS-N and later NOAA satellites.

Ocean Color Scanner. An airborne prototype of the CZCS flown on a U2 aircraft.

Random Access Measurement System on NIMBUS 6. Platform positioning to 2 km, and data relay.

Synthetic Aperture Radar. Side looking mapping radar with along-track resolution greatly enhanced by coherent signal processing. Used in space on SEASAT.

966

SAR-580

SASS

SLAR

SMMR

SR

VHRR

VIRR

VISSR

VTPR

4. EXPERIMENTS

CFOX

DUCKEX

FGGE

FLEX

GARP GATE

GOASEX

JASIN

LAMP EX

ACRONYMS AND DEFINITIONS

The ERIM X-L band SAR transferred to a Canadian Convair 580 aircraft and operated for SUR SAT and other programs.

SEASAT - A Scatterometer System. Measured directional scattering properties of the surface for wind velocity measurements over the ocean.

Side-Looking Airborne Radar. The term 'describes both real and synthetic aperture systems, but usually implies a real aperture non-coherent mapping radar as opposed to SAR.

Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer on SEASAT and NIMBUS-7. Uses a 1.25 meter dish antenna to map ocean, ice and atmosphere parameters.

Scanning radiometer. Relatively low resolution visible and infrared scanner used on early NIMBUS satellites.

Very High Resolution Radiometer. Visible and infrared scanner giving about 1 km resolution on NOAA satellites. Now replaced by AVHRR.

Visible and Infrared Radiometer. Gave coarse visible and infrared feature location on SEASAT. Similar to SR.

Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer. Forms full disc images from SMS and GOES satellites.

Vertical Temperature Profile Radiometer. Used on NOAA satellites for atmospheric profiling.

Canada France Ocean Optics Experiment. Canada west coast and Arctic, Mediterranean.

Duck Island Experiment on SAR imaging of the Ocean. US east coast.

First GARP Global Experiment. Intensive weather observations world wide, emphasizing southern oceans, international.

International Fladenground Experiment in the North Sea.

Global Atmospheric Research Program, international. GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment. Air-sea

interactions off West Africa, international. Gulf of Alaska Experiment. SEASAT-related ocean

measurements, US, Canada. Joint Air-Sea Interaction Experiment. Inter

national study centred in Atlantic northwest of Scotland.

Large Area Marine Productivity Pollution Experiment. US East coast.

ACRONYMS AND DEFINITIONS 967

MARS EN

PROLIFIC

SURSAT

TOPEX

Maritime Remote Sensing Experiment, North Sea 1979, international.

Programme Ligurean France Italy Canada 1978 Ligurean Sea, Mediterranean.

Surveillance Satellite experiments, Canada 1978, SEASAT and airborne SAR. Ocean Topography Experiment. Precision radar

altimeter and geoid measurements for ocean circulation mapping.

5. DATA PRODUCTS

CGNS-2 DSA-5

FGF

GEM

GOSSTCOMP

HSST

TDF

6. GENERAL

HF

IR

IR SST

NE~T

RFI

R/V

SST

Geoid for the North Sea area. Densites Spectro-Angulaires. Surface wave model

of Meteoro1ogie Nationa1e Francaise. First Guess Field of satellite sea surface

temperature observations from SR and VTPR sensors. See GOSSTCOMP.

Goddard Earth Model. A series of geoids derived by NASA Goddard (US).

Global Operational Sea Surface Temperature Composite. A product derived by NOAA NESS from FGF data (see FGF).

Historical Sea Surface Temperature. Summary product derived from TDF data by the National Climatic Center (US).

Temperature Daily File. Sea surface temperatures compiled by WMO from ship measurements.

High Frequency. Radio frequency band covering approximately 3 to 30 MHz.

Infrared. May refer to the near infrared area of the spectrum (0.7 to 3 microns wavelength) or to the thermal infrared (3 to 14 microns wavelength, or longer).

Sea surface temperature deduced from infrared measurements.

Noise Equivalent Temperature difference. The r.m.s. noise level of a sensor expressed as a temperature difference.

Radio Frequency Interference. Man-made radio signals that interfere with passive microwave measurements.

Research Vessel. A term applied in the index to any vessel used for research purposes. Sea Surface Temperature.

INDEX

Underlined entries refer to complete papers. See "Acronyms and Definitions" for terms used.

Acania (Research Vessel), 600 Adria (Programma Adria) Experi

ment, 396 Adriatic Sea Experiments, 395,

44, 413 Aerosol Absorption, 99, 100,

269, 273 path radiance, 209, 257, 271,

278, 282, 285 Aerosol Optical Properties, 261-

264, 270, 273, 278, 358, 368, 441

Airborne Observations AXBT, 80, 83, 301, 302, 675-

677, 718, 882 ice, 773, 785, 801, 813, 831,

845 IR radiometer, 300, 301, 334,

757 IR sca~r, 115, 121 microwave radiometers, 409,

717, 757, 788, 791-797, 801, 813, 831, 849-851

optical scarrner~14, 358-362, 395, 409

optical spectrometer, 329, 339 photography, 721, 835 SAR, 459, 482-495, 511, 543,

848, 849, 851 scatterometer, 547-548, 607,

651, 794-797, 813, 851 SLAR, 785, 846, 847

Akademik Kurchakov (Research Vessel), 40-43

ALT (Sensor, SEASAT) data processing, 626-631, 865,

877, 885, 897, 919, 927

969

ALT (Sensor, SEASAT) (continued) evaluation, 8-9 instrument, 4, 625-627, 877 observations of

currents, 631-636, 853, 854, 877

ice, 632-634, 774, 854 lithosphere effects, 853,

887-891 sea surface topography, 631-

636, 853, 855, 877, 885, 897

tides, 22, 25-27, 854, 885, 897, 915, 919, 927

waves, 21, 24, 625, 637, 854 wind, 627, 854 --- ---

Altimeter Data Error Sources atmospheric pressure, 866, 882,

886, 922, 9_J, 929, 930 wave bias, 882, 922, 923 wind stress, 866, 929, 930

Altimeter (GEOS-3) Instrument, 866, 877

data processing, 865, 871, 897, 907, 933

observations of currents. 865, 871 lithosphere effects, 933 sea surface topography, 855,

865, 871, 933 tides, 897, 907

Altimeter Mu1tibeam, 635 AMTS (Sensor), 93 Arabian Sea Experiment, 135 Argos (Data System), 63,~0 ARIES Airborne Sensor, 115, 121 Atlantic Ocean Experiments, 19,

970

Atlantic Ocean Experiments (continued) 123, 295, 449, 559-562, 565-568, 573, 637, 691, 707, 855, 871,880-883, 885, 907

Atlantis (Res~ch Vessel), 701 Atlantis II (Research Vessel),

459 Atmospheric Transmittance (see

also Rayleigh, aerosol CZCS data processing and gaseous absorbers by name), 271, 278, 279, 763

AVHRR (Sensor, TIROS-N, NOAA), 50, 51, 57, 74, 115

data processing, 51-53, 145 image (thermal), 52, 82, 164,

165, 192 AXBT, 80, 83, 301, 302, 675-677,

718, 882

Backscatter Coefficient Observed By Ship, 164, 167

Bathymetric Effects On SAR Images, 509

Barometric Pressure, Buoy Observation, 62

Buoy Tracking, 61, 189 observations of

baro. pressure, 62 currents, 64-66, 191-193 SST, 61, 80, 83, 129, 130,

677, 679 waves, 452-456, 462-466 wind speed, 710, 711

Canada Arctic Experiment, 334, 335, 785, 813, 839

Canada (East Coast) Experiment, 189, 303, 792

Canada Great Lakes Experiment, 355

Canada (West Coast) Experiment, 145, 331, 333, 459, 513-516, 546-548, 557-559, 565, 581

Captain Cosmo-CVessel), 590, 591

INDEX

Carbon Dioxide Absorption, 77, 88, 93, 99, 100

Case 1/2 Water, 208, 210, 235 CFOX Experiment, 329 Challenger (Research Vessel),

600 Chapman, Talwani (Geoid), 889-

891 Chesapeake Bay Plume Experiment,

409 China Coastal Experiment, 169 Chlorophyll !!.

fluorescence, 211, 323, 329, 342, 344, 345

effect on colour, 208-211, 228, 232-235, 252, 289, 291, 274-278, 299, 306, 325, 334, 341-343, 348-350, 374, 382-384, 390, 392, 395

measured by ship, 161, 167, 228, 383, 390-392, 406-408

Cineca V-Charcot (Research Vessel), 243-249, 287

Cirolana (Research Vessel), 340 Cloud Effects (Infrared), 77,

78, 80, 92, 94 Cloud Effects (Visible), 201 Cloud Liquid Water, 683, 691,

707, 736-740:-743-744, 825-829

Colour Index, 347 Colour (see also radiance ratios,

diff~ces, fluorescence, CZCS chlorophyll a, suspended solids)-

COMSS (Satellite) (ERS-l), 29 Cosmic Background Radiation,

742 Currents

observed by altimeter, 631-636, 853, 854,

858-863, 865, 871, 877 buoy, 64-66, 191-193 IR SST, 172, 176, 179, 183,

192, 193, 195 SAR, 472-475, 508, 509, 511 2 frequency scatterometer,

620, 622

INDEX

CYCLES (Experiment), 699 CZCS (Sensor, NIMBUS 7), 213, 337

comparison to ship, 228, 253, 254, 291, 309, 310, 383, 392

data processing, 54, 215-223, 227, 239, 257, 267, 281, 365, 412

images channell, 219, 221, 274,

306, 389 channel 2, 219, 437 channel 3, 54, 219 channel 4, 219, 272, 389 channel 5, 219 channel IR, 219, 298, 306,

416 of chlorophyll, 222, 290,

299, 386, 415 of aerosol path radiance,

221, 293 of diffuse attenuation coeff.,

222, 253 observations of

chlorophyll, 309, 381, 385, 386, 392, 415, 437

fronts, 208, 295, 309 mixing, 309 pollution, 211 sediment, 211, 390 upwelling, 381

Dafne (Research Vessel), 396 Dallas (Research Vessel), 204,

205 David Starr Jordan (Research

Vessel), 243-249, 287 Denmark Coastal Experiment, 347 Dielectric Constant Ice, 793 Diffuse Attenuation Coeffi-

cient, 209, 239 Discovery (Research Vessel),

701 DOMSAT Satellite, 16 DSA-5 (Wave Model), 639-643 DUCKEX (Experiment), 454, 547 Dundee (Receiving Station), 49

Earthnet (Receiving Stations), 33-34

Eddies, 858-863, 867, 873-875, 880-883

971

Eigenvalue Analysis, 340 Emissivity of Ice, 801, 831, 826,

832-834, 849-851 Emissivity of Sea Surface IR,

89-92, 101 Emissivity of Sea Surface

(Microwave), 741, 757 Endeavour (Research Vessel),

149 Endurer (Research Vessel), 697 Energy Budget, 201 England Coastal Experiment, 518

519, 927 ERIM, 481-486, 513, 514, 846,

848, 849 ERIM X-L Band SAR (see SAR-580) ERS-l (Satellite) (COMSS), 11 ESA Agency, 25, ~ ESMR (Sensor, NIMBUS 5), 839 Euphotic Zone, 208, 210, 347 Euroliner (Vessel), 591

Fabry-Perot Effect in Ice, 794, 831

Factor Analysis, 339 Fisheries, 385 FGF (Product), 138 FGGE (Experiment), 61 FLEX 76 (Experiment), 339 Fluorescence of Chlorophyll ~,

211, 323, 329, 340-345 FNOC (Center), 127 Forecasting

of weather, 581, 587 of waves, 639-643

Fourier Transforms, 444, 445, 460, 469-472, 506, 707

France (North) Coastal Experiments, 518, 519, 927

France (South) Coastal Experiments, 159, 183, 219, 221, 222, 329, 387

Freon Absorption, 101 Friction Velocity, 597, 741 Fronts

observed by IR SST, 162, 175, 186, 208,

295, 305, 306

972

Fronts (continued) observed by

colour difference, 208, 295, 309

Fucino (Receiving Station), 34

Gardline Endurer (Research Vessel), 696

GATE (Experiment), 201 Gelbstoff, 347 GEM (Geoid):-Tsee Geoid) Geoid

CGNS 2, 932 Chapman Talwani, 889-891 GEM-8, 856-857 GEM-9, 867, 873 GEM-lO, 22, 856-857, 899 GEOS-3, 856-857, 933 Marsh-Chang, 856-857, 873,

881, 908, 911 Georges Bank, 192, 193 GEOS-3 (Satellite), (see

altimeter GEOS-3) Germany Coastal Experiments,

339, 429, 607 Glitter (see reflectivity of

sea surface) GMS-l (Satellite), 169 GOASEX Experiment, 5, 7, 454,

459, 546-548, 557-559, 565, 574, 575, 691-695, 699, 700, 728

GOES-East (SMS-l) (Satellite), 201, 574

GOSSTCOMP--CProduct), 74-77, 135

GRAVSAT (Satellite), 16 Greenland Experiment, 793, 801 Gulf of Lions Experiment, l~ Gulf Stream

altimeter observations, 631, 632, 858-863, 873-875, 880-883

buoy observations, 191-193 colour, 295 eddies, 858-863, 867, 873-

875, 880-883 IR response, 40-46, 191-

193, 295, 873 publication, 873

INDEX

Gulf Stream (continued) radar effects, 469, 509, 545,

546 Gyre (Research Vessel), 243-249,

287

Harmattan (Research Vessel), 243-249, 287

Hayes (Research Vessel), 600 Heda (Research Vessel), 696 H.F. radar, 657 HIRS (Sensor~74, 92 Holland Coastal Experiment, 607 HSST (Product), 124 Hurricane Data, 710-714

Ice alt, 632-634, 854 classification, 773, 801, 813,

823 concentration, 774, 777, 823,

839 contouring, 854 Fabry Perot effect, 794, 831 fresh water, 837, 838, 84~

847 imaging radar, 774, 785, 846-

849, 851 IR sensors, 58 island T3, 816, 820, 846, 848,

849 microwave properties, 773,

777, 785, 801, 813, 823, 832-834, 849-851

observed with ~ wave radiometer, 670, 773, 777, 801, 813, 823, 83~839, 849-851 - - -

polarization effects, 779-782, 792, 793

polynya, 839 roughness, 632-634, 794-797,

813, 846, 847, 854 scatterometer, 774, 851 seasonal variations, 794, 814 snow cover, 794, 846, 847 temperature, 814, 815, 823 vis. sensors, 58, 835

Indian Ocean Experiment, 993-996

INDEX

Intercosmos 20 (Satellite), 439

Internal Waves, 525, 535 IR Images, 40, 160, 164, 165,

170, 177, 178, 180, 192, 196, 198, 219, 298, 306, 416

IR SST comparison with surface

observations, 40-42, 79, 80, 83, 135, 145, 159

measurement errors, 37-39, 11, 83, E, J2, 109, ll5, 123, 135, 145

multiple window, 11, E, 105, 109, 112, 113, 115

observations of currents, 172, 176, 179,

183, 191-193, 195 eddies, 191-193 fronts, 162, 175, 186, 208,

295, 305, 306 mixing, 308 upwelling, 176, 183, 195

superwindows, E Irradiance, 235, 241, 271, 278,

279, 383, 384 IRIS (Sensor), 74, III Italy Coastal Experiments, 395,

411, 413, 421, 645 IUCRM Colloquium, 207

JASIN Experiment, 5, 19, 449, 559-562, 565-568, 691, 710, 711

JOC (Committee of GARP), 105 John Murray (Research Vessel),

696, 699

Kane (Research Vessel), 600 Kelez (Research Vessel), 408 Kendra (Hurricane), 710-714 Kerguelen Island, 66, 993-

996 Kiruna (Receiving Station),

34, 59 Kuroshio, 863, 878-880

LAMMR (Sensor, NOSS), 704

973

LAMPEX (Experiment), 403 LANDSAT (Satellite) (see MSS) Ligurean Sea Experiments, 159,

183, 219, 221, 222, 329, 387, 645

Liquid Water in Clouds, 683, 691, 707, 736-740, 734-744-

Lithosphere Observed With Altimeter, 853, 887-891, 933

Marineland (Experiment), 482-486, 545, 546

MARSEN (Experiment), 607, 621, 651

Marsili (Research Vessel), 396 Marsh-Chang (Geoid), 856, 857,

873, 881, 908, 911 Maspalomas (Receiving Station),

34 Mediterranean Experiments, 121,

159, 175, 183, 219, 221, 222, 329, 645

Meteor (Research Vessel~696 Meteosat (Satellite), 53, 103,

104, 196 Mexico Coastal Experiment, 525 Microwave Radiometry (see also

SMMR) ---ice, 773, 777, 788, 791-797,

801, 813, 831, 839, 849-851

images, 809 liquid water, 736-740 measurement of SST, 717, 736-

740, 757 salinity, 736-738, 757 water vapour, 736-740 windspeed, 736-740

Mixing observed by

IRSST, 308 colour, 309

Modelling of SMMR response, 771 tides, 886, 908, 912-918,

923-925, 930-932 water movements, 413 water optical properties, 355 waves, 639-643

974

MSS (Sensor, LANDSAT), 421, 429

images, 424, 425, 430, 431, 433

MSU (Sensor), 92 Multispectral Classification,

423

NCC (Center), 124 NE~T (Noise Equivalent ~T),

75 NESS, MONTHLY (Product), 135 NESS (Service, NOAA), 74,---

76, 79, 137, 138 NET (Team), 217 New Horizon (Research Vessel),

243-249, 287, 290, 291

NIMBUS 5 (Satellite), (see ESMR)

NIMBUS 7 (Satellite), (~ CZCS, SMMR)

Nitric Acid Absorption, 99, 100

NMFS (Service), 124 NOAA (Satellite), (see also

VHRR) , 49, 50 Noordwijk (Research Tower),

611, 651, 652 Nordsee (Research Tower),

611, 614 North Sea (Experiment), 607 Norway Coastal Experiment,

717 NOSS (Satellite), (see also

CZCS, LAMMR), 15, 16, 569

NWS (Service, NOAA), 79

Oakhanger (Receiving Station), 34

Ocean Colour Scanner (OCS) on U2, 214, 395, 404

Ocean Front Analysis Chart (U. S. Navy), 191

OCEAN SAR (SARSAT) Satellite, 16

Oceanographer (Research Vessel), 204, 205

Oceanography From Space (1964),1

INDEX

Oceanus (Research Vessel), 243-249, 287, 310

Optical Measurements In Situ, 229-230, 240-243

Orthogonal Rotation, 340 Ozone Absorption, 99, 100, 269,

273, 357, 368

P (Line of Stations), 145 Pacific Ocean Experiment, 123,

145, 281, 673, 686-689, 691, 878-880, 897

Pacific Tropical Island Observations, 695, 698, 702-705

PAPA (Ocean Station), 677, 693, 695

PEG (Group), 127 Phaeopigments (~chlorophyll

.!!) Phytoplankton Optical Proper

ties (see also chlorophyll ~), 210, 242, 313

vertical distribution, 231, 234

Planet (Research Vessel), 701 Polarization Effects

microwave on ice, 779-782, 792, 793

SMMR, 663, 666-670 Po1ynya, 839 Principle Components, 340 Productivity of Coastal Waters,

311 Puerto Rico Experiment, 757

Quadra (Research Vessel), 145 Queen Elizabeth II (Vessel--

and Storm), 566, 573, 590, 591

Radar, Ground Based, 619, 620, 645, 651, 657

Radiance differences, 209, 374, 382-

384, 390, 395 interrelation, 247-252, 287 ratios, 208-211, 232-235, 239,

274-278, 287, 289, 325,

INDEX

Radiance (continued) ratios (continued)

334, 341, 343, 348-350, 374, 382-384

Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) , 728

Radiosonde Data, 76, 112, 688, 691

Rain Drop Properties, 709, 710

Rainfall Rate Observed With SMMR, 683, 691, 707

RAMS (Data System), 190 --Rayleigh Path Radiance, 269,

282, 357, 368 Receiving Stations

Dundee, 49 Fucino, 34 Kiruna, 34, 59 Maspalomas, 34 Oakhanger, 34 Shoe Cove, 34

Reflectivity of Sea Surface IR, 89, 92, 101 microwave, 676, 677, 728 vis, 269, 270, 274, 283,

358, 359, 368. 371, 377

Researcher (Research Vessel), 204, 205, 243-249, 287

Research Vessels R/V Acania, 600 Akademik Kurchakov, 40-43 Atlantis, 701 Atlantis II, 456 Challenger, 600, 701 Cineca V-Charcot, 243-249,

287 Cirolana, 340 Dafne, 396 Dallas, 204, 205 David Starr Jordan, 243-

249, 287 Discovery, 701 Endeavour, 149 Endurer, 697 Gardline Endurer, 696 Gyre, 243-249, 287 Harmattan, 243-249, 287

975

Research Vessels R/V (Continued) Hayes, 600 Heda, 696 John Murray, 696, 699 Kane, 600 Kelez, 408 Marsili, 396 Meteor, 696 New Horizon, 243-249, 287 Oceanographer, 204, 205, 693,

695, 700 Oceanus, 243-249, 287, 310 Planet, 701 Quadra, 145 Researcher, 204, 205, 243-

249, 287, 290, 291 SCOR Discoverer, 243-249, 287 Shackleton, 701 Tydeman, 701 Vancouver, 145

Roughness Features Observed by SAR, 446, 507-509, 525, 535

Salinity Measured by Microwave Radiometer, 736-738, 757

SAR airborne observations, 459,

482-495, 511, 543, 848, 849, 851

image, 494 SAR-580 Aircraft, 459, 511,

788-790, 851 SAR (SEASAT) Observations of

Ice, 774, 786-791, 797 SAR (Sensor, SEASAT), 5

data processing, 20, 21, 450-453, 471, 472, 477, 497, 512-517

evaluation, 12, 13 images, 22, 23, 470, 506-509,

517, 518, 527, 787 measurements of

bathymetry effects, 509 currents, 472-475, 508, 509,

511 internal waves, 525, 535 surface roughnes~44~507-

509, 525, 535

976

SAR (Sensor, SEASAT) (continued) measurements of (continued)

surface waves, 445, 446, 449, 459, 469, 477, 497, 506, 507, 521

wind, 507, 508, 543 Salinity Measured by Microwave

Radiometer, 736-738, 757

SARSAT (Ocean SAR Satellite), 16

SASS (Sensor, SEASAT), 4, 554, 555

data processing, 555-557, 763

evaluation, 11, 12 measurement of

surface stress, 597, 741 wind velocity, 444, 446,

547, 548, 553, 563, 573, 581, 587, 597

observation of ice, 774 Scatterometer (~ also

SASS) airborne observations,

547-548, 607, 651, 794-797, 813, 851

land based, 617 2 frequency, 607, 617

Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 619

SCOR Discoverer (Research Vessel), 243-249, 287

Scotian Shelf, 192, 193 Seamounts, 887-891, 933 SEASAT (Satellite), (see also

SAR, SMMR, SASS, ALT), 3

VIRR, 5, 663, 665, 708 Sec chi Depth, 350 Shackleton (Research Vessel),

701 Ship Observations

backscatter coefficient, 164, 167

chlorophyll, 161, 167, 228, 383, 390-392, 406-408, 436

diffuse attenuation

INDEX

Ship Observations (continued) diffuse attenuation (continued)

coefficient, 253, 254 optical data, 229, 230, 240,

243 SST, 37-46, 112, 113, 123,

135, 145, 161, 163, 164, 180, 181, 677, 678, 728, 729, 858

wind, 557-562, 563-569, 575, 597, 710, 711

Skin Dep~(Ice), 789, 793 SLAR Airborne Observations,

785, 846, 847 SMMR (Se~r, SEASAT, NIMBUS 7)

data processing, 13, 14, 663, 665, 673-674, 683-686, 691-694, 707-710, 727, 735, 742-744, 763, 771, 823

evaluation, 8-11 images, 667, 670, 671, 687,

688, 780-782 measurement of

atmospheric attenuation, 763

cloud liquid water, 683, 691, 707, 743-744, 825-829

emissivity of ocean, 741 ice classification, 670,

773, 823 ice concentration, 774, 777,

823 ice temperature, 823 rain rate, 683, 691, 707 sea surface temperature,

669-671, 673, 710-713, 717, 727, 757

water vapour, 570, 683, 691, 707, 730

wind speed, 673, 707, 747 Snow Cover Effects on Ice

Observations, 794, 846, 847

Solar Flux (Extraterrestrial), 261, 262, 273, 278, 368

South Africa Coastal Experiments, 195, 381

South America Coastal Experiments, 919

INDEX

Soviet American Tsunami Expedition, 878

Spectrometers, Optical, 329, 339

Springs, Submarine, 757 SR (Sensor), 137 SST (see IR SST, ship, buoy,

aircraft, XBT, AXBT, SMMR)

Stress, Into Sea Surface, 597, 741

Structure Function Analysis, 730-733

Surface Analysis Weather Charts, 575, 584, 585, 592, 593, 641-643, 720

SURGE Group, 19, 20 SUR SAT Program, 785, 786, 794,

814, 846 Suspended Solids Observed by

Colour, 58, 209, 390, 426, 439

Sweden Coastal Experiments, 57

SWFC (Center), 124

TANGO (Ocean Station), 695, 698

TDF-ll (Product), 125, 137 Thermal Infrared (see IR) Tide Models, 886, 908, 912-918,

923-925, 930-932 Tides Observed by Altimeter

SEASAT, 22, 25-27, 854, 885, 897, 915, 919, 927

GEOS, 897, 907 TIROS-N Satellite (see also

AVHRR) , 50 - --TOPEX Satellite, 16 Topography

sea surface GEOS-3, 855, 865, 871 SEASAT, 631-636, 855

Towers, Research, 611, 614 Tydeman (Research Vessel),

701

Upwelling Observed By IR SST, 183, 195

Upwelling Observed By (continued)

colour, 381 U.S. Arctic Experiments, 773,

831

977

U.S. East Coast Experiment, 303, 403, 469, 482-486, 505, 545, 546

U.S. Gulf of Mexico Experiment, 257

U.S. West Coast Experiment, 281, 515-518, 581

Vancouver (Research Vessel), 145

Venice Lagoon Experiment, 421 VHRR (Sensor, NOAA), 50, 51

data processing, 50, 51, 53, 145

images thermal, 40, 160, 177, 178,

180, 198 visible, 576

VIRR (SEASAT), 14, 15 VISSR (Sensor) (see GOES sat

ellite) VTPR (Sensor), 74, 138

Water Vapour absorption, 90, 91, 98, 100,

Ill, 115, 368, 439 measurement, 112, 113, 570,

683, 691, 707, 730, 736-740

Waves (Internal) observed by

SAR, 525, 535 Waves (Surface)

forecasting, 639-643 observed by

altimeter (SEASAT), 21, 24, 625, 637, 854

buoy, 452-456, 462-466 ground based radar, 619,

620, 645, 657 2 frequency scatterometer,

607, 618, 620 SAR (SEASAT), 445, 446, 449,

459, 469, 477, 497, 506, 507, 521

978

Waves (Surface) (continued) observed by (continued)

ship, 637-639 spectral model, 639-643

Weather Charts, 575, 584, 585, 592, 593, 640-642, 720

Weather Forecasting, 581, 587 White Caps, 270, 368, 371,

741, 751 Wind Veloci ty

observed by altimeter, 627, 854 buoy, 710, 711 ground based radar, 631 microwave radiometer, 673,

707, 736-740, 747---SAR (SEASAT), 507, 508,

543 SASS~EASAT), 444-446,

547, 548, 553, 563, 573, 581, 587, 597

Ship, 557-562, 565-569, 575, 597, 700, 711

Wind Velocity Related to White Caps, 721, 751

WMO (Organization), 137

XBT Observations, 80, 83, 675, 858

Yellow Sea Experiment, 169 Yellow Substance, 347

INDEX

10978-1-4613-3315...ice dynamics project, u.s.g.s., university of puget sound, thompson hall, room...

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