10. adjuvants
TRANSCRIPT
Adjuvants
Any material added to a pesticide mixture to modify its behavior; includes wetting
agents, spreader stickers, other surfactants, penetrants, and drift control
agents
Adjuvants – some definitions
Polar vs. non-polar
Polar compounds are compounds which have, due to their structure, have a definite imbalance in charge – resulting in a positive and a negatively charged end - +
Polar bear?
Adjuvants – some definitions
Polar vs. non-polar
Non-polar compounds are compounds which have evenly distributed charge throughout their molecules
Adjuvants – some definitions
Polar vs. non-polar
Polarity in a chemical aids in spreading the chemical over a polar surface or in penetrating one
Adjuvants – some definitions
Ionic vs. non-ionic
In solution ionic molecules separate into positively and negatively charged subparts (ions) while non-ionic molecules do not
Adjuvants – some definitions
Ionic vs. non-ionic
R +
-
Ions from an ionic compound
Non-ionic molecule
Adjuvants – some definitions
Ionic vs. non-ionic
Ions from an ionic compound can interfere with the activity of a polar or an ionic pesticide while non-ionic compounds do not
Surfactant
Any material added to a pesticide formulation which is designed to modify the surface characteristics of the target
organism
Wetting Agent
Any material added to a pesticide mixture which serves to make the surface
“wetter” so as to allow more rapid spread of the pesticide on the target –
often called a ‘spreader’
Without wetting agent
With a wetting agent
Penetrant
Any material which modifies the target surface in a way which allows more
rapid penetration of the surface of the organism by the pesticidal formulation
Spreader
Any material added to a pesticide formulation which improves the
formulations ability to rapidly form a film on the target surface – generally interchanged with “wetting agent”
Sticker
Any material added to a formulated pesticide which improves the ability of the pesticide to adhere to the target
surface
Drift Control Agent
Materials added to a mixture to increase the size of droplets and decrease the tendency of the pesticide to drift off-
target
Materials added to a formulation which marks a treated stem so that later identification of those treated vs. not treated is simplified Dyes in either amine or ester formulations
are the most common pattern indicators