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10 Means 10… Not 90: Ensuring Compliance with MDR Timelines Andrea Mooney and Holly Wardell, Eichelbaum, Wardell, Hansen, Powell & Mehl, P.C.

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Page 1: 10 Means 10…Not 90: Ensuring Compliance with MDR Timelines · the Board’s final decision to be the “decision to change the ... MDR may also be triggered by a series of ... 4:13CV63,

10 Means 10… Not 90: Ensuring Compliance with MDR Timelines

Andrea Mooney and Holly Wardell, Eichelbaum, Wardell, Hansen, Powell & Mehl, P.C.

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10 Means 10…Not 90 Ensuring Compliance with MDR Timelines

Presented by: Andrea L. Mooney Holly Boyd Wardell February 20, 2018

AUSTIN 4201 W. Parmer Lane, Suite A-100

Austin, TX 78727 (512) 476-9944

D/FW METROPLEX 5801 Tennyson Parkway, Suite 360

Plano, TX 75024 (972) 377-7900

(800) 488-9045 | [email protected] | www.edlaw.com

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5801 Tennyson Parkway, Suite 360, Plano, Texas 75024 Ph: 972.377.7900   Fax: 972.377.7277 

www.edlaw.com  |  [email protected] 

Andrea L. Mooney  

Andrea,  a  Shareholder  in  our  Plano  office,  received  her  Juris Doctor from Texas Tech University School of Law.  She graduated magna  cum  laude with  a Bachelor of Business Administration  in Management also from Texas Tech University. 

Andrea has an extensive background  in  litigation. Prior  to  joining our  firm,  she practiced  family  law  for  several  years,  successfully representing  clients  in  highly  contested  divorce,  custody,  and adoption matters.  This  experience makes Andrea  invaluable  not only  in  court, but also  in  training  school personnel  in  family  law 

issues and in handling sensitive situations with parents and students. 

Currently,  one  focus  of  Andrea’s  practice  is  the  area  of  disability  rights.  She  represents school districts  in ARD meetings, Section 504 meetings, OCR  complaints, mediations, and due  process  hearings.  She  also  litigates  appeals  of  due  process  hearings  in  the  federal courts.  She  has  prevailed  in  oral  arguments  before  the  Fifth  Circuit  and  has  authored countless  briefs  and motions  resulting  in  victories  for  school  districts  at  the  district  and appellate court levels. 

In addition, Andrea routinely litigates employment, personnel, and contract matters in both administrative and court proceedings.  She is also a frequent speaker at school districts and regional education service centers across Texas on a wide variety of topics, including special education, personnel, family law, and student issues. 

Andrea  is admitted  to practice  in  the United States Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals and  the United States District Courts of  the Northern, Eastern, Southern and Western Districts of Texas.  She is a member of the School Law section of the Texas Bar and the Texas Council of School  Attorneys.   She  also  comes  from  good  education  stock;  both  of  her  parents  are school administrators. 

Andrea’s email address is [email protected].  

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4201 W. Parmer Lane, Suite A‐100, Austin, Texas 78727 Ph: 512.476.9944   Fax: 512.472.2599 

www.edlaw.com  |  [email protected] 

Holly Boyd Wardell 

Holly  is a Shareholder  in our Austin office. Holly graduated Cum Laude  from Texas Wesleyan University  in 1992 and earned her Juris Doctorate  from  The University  of  Texas  School  of  Law  in 1996. 

Holly  is  licensed  to  practice  law  in  all  Texas  state  courts;  the United  States  District  Courts  for  the  Western,  Northern  and Southern Districts of Texas;  the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit; and the United States Supreme Court.  

She is a member of the National School Boards Association Council of School Attorneys, School Law, Administrative, and Labor and Employment Law Sections of the Texas Bar, Texas Council of School Attorneys, and the Texas Association of Defense Counsel. Holly has also served on the State Bar's Disabilities Issues Committee and the Texas Education Agency's State Supervision Committee & Complaints Management System.  

Holly  has  an  impressive  litigation  background  in whistleblower  cases  and  civil  rights cases  including  gender,  race,  and  national  origin,  and  disability  discrimination  claims. Her work on position statements, motions, and briefs has resulted in numerous victories for  school districts at every  level  conceivable. Additionally,  she  regularly attends ARD and Section 504 Committee meetings and represents clients at due process hearings.  

Holly's  outgoing  personality,  enthusiasm,  and  thoroughness  combine  to make  her  a popular lecturer. She is a frequent guest speaker for school districts, regional education service centers, special education shared service arrangements, state organizations, and universities  on  a  variety  of  topics  related  to  school  law,  including  special  education, Section 504, education  records, sexual harassment, student discipline, and search and seizure. Holly has published numerous articles for state and firm publications on special education and other issues.  

Holly’s email address is [email protected]

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www.edlaw.com800.488.9045

10 Means 10MDR Timelines

Scenario I

AUGUST

Violation of SCOC

A special education student commits a DAEP‐worthy infraction in August.  

AUGUST

Removal to DAEP

Student is removed to DAEP pending the disciplinary hearing and MDR.

SEPTEMBER

Discipline Hearing

At the disciplinary hearing, he is found to have violated the SCOC meriting DAEP placement.  

OCTOBER

Level I Appeal

Scenario I cont’d

NOVEMBER

Level 2 Appeal

DECEMBER

MDR

The District schedules MDR within 10 school days.

*Student has been in “temporary” DAEP since August.

DECEMBER

Level 3 Appeal – Board

The District then deems the Board’s final decision to be the “decision to change the student’s placement.”

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• When should MDR have been conducted?

• When should PS be sent?

Scenario…

• A first‐grade student with an undisclosed disability exhibits defiant and physically aggressive behavior dating back to preschool.

• When his disruptive behavior escalates, staff members take multiple disciplinary measures, including a referral to law enforcement, before removing the boy from class on multiple occasions. 

• Throughout the school year, the grade schooler amasses 39 total days of suspension.

This is an actual case.

Broward County School Board, 66 IDELR 294 (SEA FL 2015).

School failed to conduct a manifestation determination to determine if the child's behavior was related to his disability. This misstep denied the student FAPE.

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The Lesson?

Regardless of the outcome of an MDR, you must:

1. Have one when required

2. Be timely!

Required StepsStep #1: Complete the general education discipline process (Chapter 37 and SCOC).  This can also be the last step.

Step #2: If discipline is to result in a change of placement that exceeds ten (10) days, then parents must be notified of MDR.

Required Steps

Step #3: Send Procedural Safeguards and Prior Written Notice to Parents. 

Step #4: Manifestation, Determination, & Review MUST be conducted.

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Step #1 General Education Discipline Process

• The Discipline Placement hearing will be conducted.*

• In accordance with the Student Code of Conduct, disciplinary consequences will be determined.

* If you do this step last, you are NOT wrong.

When Disciplining a Student with a Disability

1.Is the student receiving special education or 504 services?

2.Will the discipline result in a change of placement?

Section 504

Although the term "manifestation determination" does not appear in the regulatory language of Section 504, OCR interprets Section 504 as requiring an MDR in connection with disciplinary actions that constitute a significant change in placement. OCR Staff Memorandum, 16 IDELR (OCR 1989), See also Greenville Indep. Sch. Dist., 113 LRP 27897 (OCR 2013).

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Section 504• OCR: a suspension of less than 10 days does not constitute a significant change in placement.

• As under the IDEA, the duty to conduct an MDR may also be triggered by a series of suspensions that constitute a pattern of removals, which cumulatively total more than 10 school days.

Section 504

• Like the IDEA, the duty to conduct an MDR may also be triggered by a series of suspensions that constitute a patternof removals, which cumulatively total more than 10 school days.

Step #2: Notice

• Is the student’s removal or change in placement to exceed ten (10) days?

• Is the removal part of a pattern of removal?

• If yes, MDR MUST be conducted within ten (10) days of the decision to change placement.

• Notify parents of decision to change placement.

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Short Term Removals

School officials may unilaterally remove a student who violates the code of conduct for up to 10 school days in a school year without triggering IDEA procedures.

Step #3 Prior Written Notice and Procedural Safeguards

Parents of a child with a disability must be provided PWN when the District proposes to change a student’s placement.  

34 CFR §300.530(h)

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Does anything need to be filed in the eligibility folder showing this was done?

Yes, the eligibility folder must include documentation of all notices under 19 TAC 89.1075(a).

Should We Have the Parent Sign to Acknowledge Receipt of PS?

• Yes! Texas Courts are clear that receipt of procedural safeguards is constructive knowledge of rights under the IDEA.

• “…Regardless of whether parents later examine the text of these safeguards to acquire actual knowledge, that simple act [of LEA delivering a copy of PS to parents] suffices to impute upon them constructive knowledge of their various rights under the IDEA.” 

El Paso Indep. Sch. Dist. v. Richard R., 567 F. Supp. 2d 918, 946 (W.D. Tex 2008); see also, e.g., C.P. v. Krum Indep. Sch. Dist., 4:13CV63, 2014 WL 4651534, at *9 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 17, 2014).

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Once you hold a MDR, do you have to hold subsequent MDRs for the same behavior if a student 

receives another out‐of‐school suspension?

Under 34 CFR 300.530 (b)(1), a district does not have to hold another MDR for additional removals of not more than 10 consecutive school days in the same school year for separate incidents of misconduct (as long as those removals do not constitute a change of placement under 34 CFR 300.536 ).

It might be a good idea to stay ahead of the curve on behavior issues. If a student receives another out‐of‐school suspension for the same behavior after an MDR has been held, it might mean that the BIP needs further review.

Step #4: MDR

A MDR must be held within 10 school days of any decision to change the placement of a student with a disability because of a violation of a student code of conduct.

34 CFR § 300.530(e)

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What Do We Do With A Student Pending an MDR?

Emergency DAEP

ISS

OSS

ISS in the interim…

Student may be placed in ISS without incurring a change of placement, only if:

1. The student is afforded the opportunity to continue to appropriately participate in the general curriculum;

2. Continue to receive all services; and

3. Continue to participate with non‐disabled children to the extent they would have in their current placement (smart ISS)

A MDR must be held within 10 school days of any decision to change the placement of a student with a disability because of a violation of a student code of conduct.

34 CFR § 300.530(e)

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What is a Change of Placement?

• More than 10 consecutive school days

• Pattern of short term removals constitutes a change of placement

Determining whether a “pattern of removals that constitutes a change of placement” has occurred can be tricky.

Consider factors such as:

• Series of removals total more than 10 days

• Whether behavior is substantially similar

• Length of each removal

• Total amount of time removed

• Proximity of the removals

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Pattern?Tacoma Sch. Dist.:  

• 12.5 days over school year

• 2.5 days in Dec., 4 days in Jan., 6 days in April

• All for disruptive conduct

• Hearing officer:  change of placement

Recent Texas “Pattern” Case

Student v. Allen ISD, Docket No. 166‐SE‐0216 (TEA 2016)

• Student had SLD and SI eligibilities.

• Although student had a BIP early on for behaviors outside of classroom in “unstructured environment,” since 2008, ARDC agreed there was no need for student to have a BIP.

• Student gets in fight and placed in DAEP.

• MDR convened on Student’s ninth consecutive day of removal and ARDC found conduct not a manifestation of disabilities

Student v. Allen ISD

• Mom testified that the entire time Student has been in school Student has had difficulties outside of the classroom setting.

• Mom claimed student had been to OSS, ISS, and DAEP that school year, so there was a pattern triggering MDR safeguards prior to the ninth school day of this DAEP removal

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• Prior incidents involving Student include several occasions of tardiness to class and a disruption of the classroom in school. 

• LSSP testified that if Student had a disability leading to fighting, Student would be fighting much more frequently and in all situations, including fighting, in the classroom, in the halls, etc. 

• There was no pattern of fighting for Student across settings, and thus fighting was not a manifestation of Student’s disabilities. 

Student v. Allen ISD

HO concluded Student’s removal from current educational placement to OSS, ISS and the DAEP did not constitute a “pattern” of removals under the IDEA .

POSSIBLE CHANGES OF PLACEMENT

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If parents are called to pick up a student, this may or may not count as a change of placement.

If a student’s IEP states that the student must be provided transportation, then removing the student from the bus may or may not be a change of placement.

Portions of the school day in which a student has been suspended may or may not be a changed of placement.

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If it is a Change of Placement…

• ARDC meeting is needed to make manifestation determination.

• EVEN IF removal is “mandatory” under policy/SCOC

• NO SUCH THING AS “MANDATORY” for a sped student.

What Must be Considered?

At the MDR, we must review:

• all relevant information in the student's file

• the student's IEP

• any teacher observations, and 

• any relevant information provided by the parents

What is Relevant?• Comments from all teachers who have this student in class during the year.

• Current performance in classes, attendance at tutorials and other support opportunities.

• The eligibility and how it manifests itself with THIS student based on evaluations, services, modifications, accommodations.

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What is Relevant?• Medication Change

• FBAs and BIPs

• The student's current schedule

• Hours/minutes of support in IEP

• “On track to graduate" status and accountability testing results

• Other recent behavioral issues

When MDR First Backfired

Bristol Township Sch. Dist. v. Z.B. 67 IDELR 9,  (E.D. PA 2016).

• 3‐17: Student gets in trouble for “play fighting” with his girlfriend in the hallway.

• 3‐18: Date of ARD notice for 3‐25 ARD 

• 3‐23: Date ARD notice actually mailed. Parents told over the phone that an “informal MDR” would be held 3‐25, but not told that a “real MDR” would be held right after if necessary.

• 3‐25: ARD scheduled. Parents have still not received notice.  Parents show up, realize it may be a “real MDR” and complain that they are unprepared.

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Bristol Township Cont.• 3‐31: Rescheduled MDR date

• 4‐8: Disciplinary hearing (Did student violate SCOC?)

• Student has been removed since 3‐17 

• Student gets compensatory education for missing more than 10 school days without MDR safeguards or disciplinary hearing

• Parents get attorney’s fees

HOW MIGHT ONE KEEP AN MDRFROM COMING ON LIKE A 

SURPRISE?

1.  Know who’s who in the school.

• Know the students

• Be certain that staff is mindful of which students have disabilities and history of misconduct

• Consider limiting the number of personnel authorized to administer discipline so just a few staff members are familiar with the same students

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2.  Keep careful count.

• Three days here, two there, next thing you know, student has surpassed 10 total school days with no MDR.

• Easy to lose track when removals are frequent and vary in length

• Keep meticulous attendance records of who has been removed

• Have a software program or a person in charge of tracking disciplinary measures and flagging when its time to hold MDR.

3.  Look for emerging patterns of behavior.

• Must be assessed on case‐by‐case basis.

• Seek out qualified individuals who regularly work with the student.

• Review IEP and BIP‐ what behaviors were previously targeted?

• Why was the student previously suspended/removed?

4.  Assemble the MDR Team.

At the MDR, the following must attend:

• the Local Education Agency (LEA) (Administrator)

• the parent, and 

• relevant members of the child's IEP team (as determined by the parent and the LEA)

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5.   Consider what to document

• Document key discussion points and the result of the meeting. 

• Will a functional behavioral assessment or BIP be necessary? 

• Will the child need placement in an interim alternative educational setting and how will he continue to be provided FAPE? 

THEN, We Get to Our 2 Questions:

MDR Pointers

• Address potential MDR issues in FIE reports

• If behavior addressed in BIP…

• If in behavior unit…

• If student has engaged in behavior on multiple occasions…

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If Behavior IS a Manifestation of Disability

• The student may not be disciplined.

• ARDC/504 Committee must determine whether the student's IEP/IAP is appropriate.

• Consider whether a behavior plan is appropriate.

If Behavior IS NOT a Manifestation of Disability

• Student may be disciplined just as any other student.

• May be placed in alternate setting IF student’s IEP/IAP can be implemented in that setting.

Some Notes on That

• Optional to provide services? NO!• Individualized!!!!!• How do we communicate perceived

difficulties in providing services?

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Some Notes on That

• Issues with saying “we can’t provide services”

• Expulsion to the Street: If you don’t have DAEP/JJAEP, you still have to find a way to provide services.

• Provide Procedural Safeguards immediately when there is an intent to place student in DAEP for more than ten days.

• Send ARD notice as soon as possible, while still giving parent five school days’ notice of the MDR.

• Hold MDR within 10 days of the first school day the student is removed from his or her normal classes with an intent to place the student in DAEP for more than ten days.

MDR Dos

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