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PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 121
SECTION - VI
INDEX
6.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION .............................................................................................. 122
6.2 RISK ANALYSIS AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN .......................................... 126
6.2.1 RISK ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................ 126
6.2.2 RISK PRIORITISATION BASED ON HAZARDS IN BAJRI MINING ........................... 126
6.2.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ............................................................................................. 127
6.2.3.1 Measures to prevent accidents during loading ........................................................ 127
6.2.3.2 Measures to prevent accidents during vehicular movement & transportation .... 127
6.2.3.3 Measures to prevent incidents during Inundation/ Flooding .................................. 128
6.2.3.4 Precautionary Measure for Sudden Release of Water from Upstream Dam ......... 128
6.2.3.5 Measures to prevent sudden increase in water level ............................................... 128
6.3 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................ 128
6.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS ......................................................................... 129
6.4.1 PHYSICAL HAZRADS DUE TO MINING OPERATIONS ............................................. 129
6.4.2 MANAGEMENT .............................................................................................................. 130
6.4.3 MEDICAL EXAMINATION SCHEDULE ........................................................................ 131
6.5 REPLENISHMENT STUDY ............................................................................................. 132
6.5.1 DANDY - BOLTON EQUATION .................................................................................... 133
6.6 TRAFFIC STUDY ............................................................................................................ 135
6.6.1 INDIAN ROAD CONGRESS (IRC) GUIDELINES ......................................................... 135
6.6.2 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS AS PER IRC GUIDELINES ........................................................ 137
6.6.2.1 Traffic Scenario in Nearby Project Site ...................................................................... 137
6.6.3 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................. 138
6.7 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) ........................................................ 138
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PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 122
6.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES
6.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION
Public Hearing was conducted on 13.06.2014, 02:00 PM at Gram Panchyat Bhawan,
Village – Gahlot, Tehsil – Piplu, District – Tonk, Rajasthan as per the guidelines of EIA
Notification 14th September’ 2006 and its subsequent amendments. This meeting was
conducted for the Bajri Mine (Lease Area – 3,342.0 ha.; Production – 5.60 lac TPA),
presided by Sh. Kishore Kumar, Additional District Collector; Tonk in the presence of Sh.
V. S. Sankhla, Regional Officer, Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board, Kishangarh.
Notice for the Public Hearing was published in “Dainik Bhaskar” & “Hindustan Times” on
dated 06.05.2014.
At the start of the Public Hearing, Regional Officer, Kishangarh Sh. V. S. Sankhla gave
detailed information regarding the provision, objective and importance of Public Hearing.
He also said that the notice regarding the Public Hearing was issued in two newspapers
“Dainik Bhaskar” and “Hindustan Times” one month prior on 06.05.2014 and that
publicity regarding the Public Hearing was done by the Project Proponent in the nearby
areas.
On behalf of the applicant Shri Som Prakash Sethi, their technical consultant Sh.
Yaswant Bordia (Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur) gave detailed information of
the Bajri mine to the people present in the meeting.
Thereafter, the Regional Officer invited the people present in the meeting to give their
suggestion/ objections.
Issues raised during the public hearing and commitment by the Project Proponent along
with time bound action plan is given below:-
Table 6.1: Issues of Public Haring raised.
S. No. Name & Address Objections/ Query Answer to the Objection/ Query
1. Sh. Babu Lal
Maheshwari, Village -
Gahlot
� Due to bajri mining, water level
is going down.
� There has been reported decline in water
level all over Rajasthan. This is due to
poor monsoon in last few years, water
level has gone down. However, mining will
be restricted to 3.0 m depth from bed level
or 1.0 m above from the ground water
table.
� Due to bajri transportation, road
is getting damage.
� Overloading will be avoided.
� Speed breakers will be constructed to
avoid the speed.
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 123
� Transportation roads come under PWD
and Project Proponent will contribute in the
maintenance of concerned road by
engaging PWD officials.
� Pollution is increasing due to
bajri mine.
� To minimize the dust emission, trucks will
be covered by tarpaulin sheets.
� Uniform speed will be maintained and
water sprinkling will be done.
� To control the dust emission, water
sprinkling will be done on non-metalled
roads at 37.4km stretch connecting to
nearest metalled road.
� Accidents are increasing. � No road accidents were observed.
2. Sh. Ram Karan Gurjar,
Village - Gahlot
� Due to bajri mining, we are
facing water scarcity problem.
� Water scarcity is not due to mining but due
to poor monsoon and increased
consumption.
� Water tank will be constructed in villages
having water scarcity problem i.e. Gahlot,
Markhera, Dodwari etc. and water will be
supplied through tanker.
� As a part of CSR activity an amount of Rs.
3.25 lacs has been earmarked for
providing drinking water facility.
3. Sh. Matin Mohammed,
Village - Gahlot
� Due to bajri mining, road has
been damaged and it is
increasing road accidents.
� Overloading will be avoided.
� Transportation roads come under PWD
and Project Proponent will contribute in
the maintenance of concerned road by
engaging PWD officials.
� No road accidents were observed.
� Due to bajri spillage on roads,
people are facing traffic
problem.
� To minimize the bajri spillage, optimum
loading will be done and free board will be
left.
� Trucks will be covered with tarpaulin
sheets.
� Speed breakers will be constructed to limit
the speed @ 20km/ hr while crossing near
the villages.
� Regular roads will be maintained.
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 124
4. Sh. Jaan Nisar, Village
- Gahlot
� Due to bajri mining, road has
been damaged and it is causing
dust emission.
� Travelling on road has become
difficult.
� The same issue has been addressed in
above mentioned points no. 2 and 3.
5. Sh. Prem Chand
Khatik, Sarpanch,
Village - Gahlot
� Salinity in water is increasing � Baseline study was carried out in the
month of October, November and
December’ 2013 and found that water is
non-potable in nature.
� The PP has started mining activity since
January’ 2014 after the order from the
Hon’ble Supreme Court of India.
� The present study shows the water quality
was already degraded.
� However, as a part of CSR activity water
filter system will be installed in village Chuli,
Borda and Sohela to provide safe &
adequate drinking water.
� Regular monitoring and analysis of water
samples will be carried out to monitor the
water quality of the area.
� Water level is going down. � The same issue has been addressed in
above mentioned points no. 1 and 3. � Due to bajri transportation, road
has been damaged, hence
hampering the traffic.
� Due to the vehicular movement
and playing of tape recorders in
the trucks, people are facing
noise pollution.
� Transportation of loaded trucks (bajri)
occurs only during night time.
� However, as per the baseline study carried
out, background generation of ambient
noise (night time) was observed to be in
the range of 35.1 – 35.0 dB (A), which is
within the prescribed standard of 45 dB
(A).
6. Sh. Bhanwar Singh,
Village - Markhera
� There is no problem with
mining, but it should not be so
much deep.
� As per the Rules and Regulation, mining
depth will be maintained 3.0m below from
the river bed or 1.0m above the ground
water table.
7. Sh. Narayan Gurjar, � Mining should be carried out up The same issue has been addressed in above
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 125
Village - Markhera to 3.0 m. mentioned point no. 6.
� Government should spend the
royalty received by bajri mining
for the development of village
and he has no other objection.
� The expenditure of royalty paid for bajri
mining, totally depends on Government
policy.
� However, as a part of CSR activities like
organizing health camps, scholarships to
students, drinking water facilities etc. an
amount of Rs. 32.0lacs has been
earmarked.
8. Sh. Shivnarayan
Gurjar, Village -
Markhera
� Bajri mining should be done as
per the rules.
� Mining is being carried out as per the
Rules and Regulations.
9. Smt. Krishna
Maheshwari, Village -
Gahlot
� There is scarcity of water in the
village and it should be
supplied.
� The same issue has been addressed in
above mentioned point no. 1 and 2.
10. Sh. Mangi Lal, Village -
Dodwari
� Pipeline from Bisalpur dam
should be laid down for water
supply.
� This is matter of Government policy.
� Project Proponent will contribute
financially to resume the water supply by
Bisalpur dam through existing pipeline.
� Mining should be carried out up
to 3.0 m.
� Mining is being carried out as per Rules
and Regulations.
� Villagers are dependent on
agriculture, therefore, water
level should be maintained and
mining should not be carried out
below 3.0 m.
� There has been reported decline in water
level all over Rajasthan. This is due to
poor monsoon in last few years and
increased consumption.
� However, as a part of CSR activity, to
maintain the water level rain water
harvesting structures will be constructed. It
will also help in agriculture.
� Awareness programme will be organized
to encourage the water conservation.
10. Sh. Rajesh Gurjar � There is no problem due to bajri
mining, but for proper
transportation dedicated routes
should be developed, so that
villagers should not face
problem.
� This is matter of Government policy.
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 126
Table 6.2: Time Bound Action Plan
S.
No.
Activity Action Undertaken Cost (Rs. In lacs)/ Year Time Schedule
Capital Recurring I II III IV V
1. Drinking Water
facility
Water supply through tanker in villages
Kakraj Kalan, Borkhandi Khurd and
Gahlot.
-- 3.25
Financial aid will be provided to resume
the water supply by Bisalpur Dam
through existing pipeline in villages
Gahlot, Dodwari and Markhera.
1.0 --
Construction of water tank in villages
Nayagaon, Lank, Sardarpura, Lahan,
Islampuragata, Jebariya, Karola and
Kanduliya.
0.5 0.05
2. Rain Water
Harvesting
Rain water harvesting structure
(percolation tank) are proposed in the
nearby villages like Borda, Markhera,
Kakraj Kalan, Dodwari, Gehlot etc.
5.0 0.5
3. Road
Maintenance
Maintenance of roads with the help of
PWD Department.
-- 1.0
4. Air, water &
Noise Pollution
Control
Water Sprinkling -- 3.0
Greenbelt Development 6.0 1.0
Environmental Monitoring -- 3.0
6.2 RISK ANALYSIS AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6.2.1 RISK ANALYSIS
Risk analysis is the systematic study of uncertainties and risks encountered in various
areas. Risk analysis seek to identify the risks involved in mining operations, to
understand how and when they arise, and estimate the impact (financial or otherwise) of
adverse outcomes. It also defines and analyzes the dangers to individuals, businesses
and government agencies posed by potential natural and human-caused adverse
events.
6.2.2 RISK PRIORITISATION BASED ON HAZARDS IN BAJRI MINING
Bajri mining is done by open cast semi-mechanized method. Mining is done only within
the Banas River stretch located near revenue villages of Tehsil - Piplu, District-Tonk,
Rajasthan. The lease area is 3342.10ha. There is no land degradation due to mining
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 127
activities as mining is done only on river bed surface. There will be no OB or waste
generation as the sand is exposed in the river bed. There will be neither any stacking of
soil nor creation of OB dumps. So, no dumping area as well as stock piling area is
required. Therefore, there is no chance of failure of dumps and no slope failure due to
OB dump and stock piling.
However, there are various factors, which can create unsafe working conditions /
hazards in mining of Bajri (minor minerals) from river bed. The following types of hazards
are identified during the Bajri mining operations:-
1. Accident during sand/mineral loading, transportation and dumping
2. Accident due to vehicular movement
3. Inundation/ Flooding
4. Quick Sand Condition
6.2.3 MITIGATION MEASURES
6.2.3.1 Measures to prevent accidents during loading
The following activities will be done to minimize the risk are:-
a. At the time of loading no person will be there within the swing radius of the
excavator/ JCB.
b. The dumpers/ trucks will stand near the loading equipment and fully braked when the
muck is filled in it.
c. The truck would be brought to a lower level so that the loading operation suits to the
ergonomic condition of the workers.
d. The workers will be provided with gloves and safety shoes during loading.
e. Opening of the side covers (pattas) should be done carefully and with warning to
prevent injury to the loaders.
f. Operations during daylight only.
6.2.3.2 Measures to prevent accidents during vehicular movement & transportation
The following activities will be done to minimize the risk are:-
a. The truck will be covered with tarpaulin and maintained to prevent any spillage.
b. To avoid danger while reversing the trackless vehicles especially at the embankment
and tipping points, all areas for reversing of lorries should be made man free as far
as possible.
c. The vehicles must be maintained in good repairs and checked thoroughly at least
once in a week.
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 128
d. All transportation within the main working will be carried out directly under the
supervision and control of the management.
e. Overloading should not be permitted and the maximum permissible speed limit
should be ensured.
f. The truck drivers should have proper driving license.
g. A statutory provision of the fences, constant education, training etc. will go a long
way in reducing the incidents of such accidents.
6.2.3.3 Measures to prevent incidents during Inundation/ Flooding
The following activities will be done to minimize the risk are:-
a. During monsoon months and heavy rains the mining operations are ceased.
b. There should be mechanism/ warning system of heavy rains and discharges from the
upstream dams.
Inundation of flooding is expected and beneficial for these mines as during this time only
the mineral reserve gets replenished.
6.2.3.4 Precautionary Measure for Sudden Release of Water from Upstream Dam
The following activities will be done to minimize the risk are:-
a. The mining should be done only during the dry season and under strict supervision.
b. Mining activities should be avoided during monsoon season.
c. No go zones should be clearly marked and made aware to the mine workers.
d. Deep water areas must be identified.
6.2.3.5 Measures to prevent sudden increase in water level
The following activities will be done to minimize the risk are:-
a. The mining activities will be restricted to 3m depth from river bed surface.
b. Mining activities will be avoided during monsoon season.
c. Mining will be done as per the approved Mining Plan and it will also be conformed to
avoid the ponding effect.
6.3 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
This should deal with action plan for high risk accidents like landslides, subsidence,
flood, inundation in underground mines, fire, seismic activities, tailing dam failures etc.
and emergency plan proposed for quick evacuation, ameliorative measures to be taken
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 129
etc. The capability of lessee to meet such eventualities and the assistance to be
required from the local authorities should be described.
� The shallow depth of activities in river bed mining will not involve any high risk
accident due to side falls/collapse.
� The complete mining operation will be carried out under the Management and
control of experienced and qualified Mines Manager having Certificate of
Competency to manage the mines granted by DGMS.
� All the provisions of Mines Act 1952, MMR 1961 and Mines Rules 1955 and other
laws applicable to mine will strictly be complied with.
� During heavy rainfall the mining activities will be closed.
� All persons in supervisory capacity will be provided with proper communication
facilities.
� Proper coordination with Irrigation Department will be maintained so that at the time
of releasing water, if any, from the dam suitable warning/information is given in
advance.
6.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS
Dry- pit mining by open cast method involves dust generation by excavation, loading and
transportation of mineral. At site, during excavation and loading activity, dust is main
pollutant which affects the health of workers whereas environmental and climatic
conditions also generate the health problems.
Addressing the occupational health hazard means gaining an understanding of the
source (its location and magnitude or concentration), identifying an exposure pathway
(e.g. a means to get it in contact with someone), and determination of likely a receptor
(someone receiving the stuff that is migrating).
Occupational hazard due to sand mining mainly comes under the physical hazards.
Possible physical hazards are as below mention:-
6.4.1 PHYSICAL HAZRADS DUE TO MINING OPERATIONS
Following health related hazards were indentified due to riverbed sand mining operations
to the workers:-
1. Light: - The workers may be exposed to the risk of poor illumination or excessive
brightness. The effects are eye strain, headache, eye pain and lachrymation,
congestion around the cornea and eye fatigue.
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 130
2. Heat and Humidity: - The most common physical hazard is heat. The direct effects
of heat exposure are burns, heat exhaustion, heat stroke and heat cramps; the
indirect effects are decreased efficiency, increased fatigue and enhanced accident
rates. Heat and humidity are encountered in hot and humid condition when
temperatures and air temperatures increase in summer time up to 480C or above in
the river bed mining area.
3. Eye Irritation: - During the high windy days in summer the sand could be the
problems for eyes like itching and watering of eyes.
4. Respiratory Problems: - Large amounts of dust in air can be a health hazard,
exacerbating respiratory disorders such as asthma and irritating the lungs and
bronchial passages.
5. Noise Induced Hearing Loss: - Machinery is the main source of noise pollution at
the mine site.
6.4.2 MANAGEMENT
Particulars Control Measures
Heat & Light � The mine site will have adequate drinking water supply so that workers do not get
dehydration.
� Lightweight and loose fitting clothes having light colors will be preferred to wear.
� Rigorous exercise and more physical activities will be avoided in hot weather.
Noise � Noise exposure measurements will be taken to determine the need for noise control
strategies.
� The personal protective equipment will be provided for each mine workers.
� Supervisor will be instructed for reporting any problems with hearing protectors or noise
control equipment.
� At noisy working activity, exposure time will be minimized.
� Machineries will be labeled with noise levels.
Respiratory � PPE like face mask etc. will be provided during mining activity.
� Periodic medical examinations will be provided for all workers.
� Awareness program will be organized for workers.
Functional Area No. of Persons Activities Measures
Supervisory 17 Statutory
personnel’s
Supervisors
� Regular Management Training, VTC, updating in
safety measures, Equipment deployment, Safety
and Risk Management.
Transportation 50 Drivers/
operators
� All drivers/ operators to have HMV license;
� Good roads to prevent body vibrations while in
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 131
operation.
� Enclosed cabin to protect from noise and dusty
atmosphere;
� Regular water sprinkling on haul roads.
� Provision of dust mask, safety shoes after every six
months interval and helmets after every three years.
� Audiometric testing to be carried out during
periodical medical check-ups.
Mining operations
& Maintenance
74 Excavation � Safety shoes, helmets and face mask will be
provided;
� To protect from heat, shelters will be provided;
� Arrangement of drinking water near the working
place.
General 20 Cleaning,
Sanitation,
Medical,
Plantation,
Office etc.
� IME and PME at regular intervals;
� Display of poster’s and directions for safe and
unsafe practices and Do’s and Don’t’s while at
work;
� Telephone numbers along with name of key
personnel’s will be displayed at conspicuous
places on notice boards for emergencies;
� First aid facilities and provision of ambulance at the
Office.
Total 161
6.4.3 MEDICAL EXAMINATION SCHEDULE
To minimize the health impacts PPE like dust masks, ear plugs/ muffs and other
equipments will be provided for use by the work personnel. All workers will be subjected
to Initial Medical Examination as per Mines Rule 1955 at the time of appointment.
Periodical Medical Examination will be conducted at least once in five years. Medical
camps will be organized. The detail of health check up and periodical medical
examination schedule is given below in Table 6.3.
Table 6.3: Medical Examination Schedule
S. No. Activities 1st
Year 2nd
Year 3rd
Year 4th
Year 5th
Year
1. Initial Medical Examination (Mine Workers)
a. Physical Check - up -- -- -- --
b. Psychological Test -- -- -- --
c. Audiometric Test -- -- -- --
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 132
d. Respiratory Test
2. Periodical Medical Examination (Mine Workers)
a. Physical Check - up --
b. Audiometric Test --
c. Eye Check - up --
d. Respiratory Test
3. Medical Camp (Mine Workers & Nearby Villagers) --
4. Training (Mine Workers)
Medical Follow ups:- Work force will be divided into three targeted groups age wise as follows:-
Age Group PME as per Mines Rules’ 1955 Special Examination
Less than 25 years Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies
Between 25 to 40 Years Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies
Above 40 Years Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies
Medical help on top priority immediately after diagnosis/ accident is the essence of preventive aspects.
6.5 REPLENISHMENT STUDY
Replenishment Rate is the rate at which sand/ gravel is transported into the river
channel, due to sand extraction. Dandy - Bolton formula is used to calculate the
sedimentation yield which uses catchment area and mean annual runoff as key
determinants to give a yield value.
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 133
Figure 3.5: Watershed Area and Drainage Map of Piplu, Tonk District
6.5.1 DANDY - BOLTON EQUATION
Dandy Bolton formula is often used to calculate the sedimentation yield. But use of these
equations to predict sediment yield for a specific location would be unwise because of
the wide variability caused by local factors not considered in the equations development.
However, they may provide a quick, rough approximation of mean sediment yields on a
regional basis for preliminary planning. The accuracy of the sedimentation surveys
varied, ranging from reconnaissance type measurements of sediment deposits to
detailed surveys. Dandy- Bolton determined the combined influence of runoff and
drainage area on sediment yield to compute the sediment yield. They develop two
equations i.e. for run off less than 2 inch and for run off more than 2 inch, which are
given below:-
For run off less than 2 inches (Q < 2 in)
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 134
For run off more than 2 inches (Q > 2 in):
Where: S = Sediment yield (tons/ mi2/ yr)
Sr = Reference sediment yield value = 1645 tons/ mi2/ yr
Q = Mean Annual runoff (inch)
Qr = Reference Mean Annual runoff = 2 in
A = Net drainage area (mi2)
Ar = Reference Net drainage area = 1 mi2
The calculation of catchment area is based on SRTM data processed using ARCGIS
software. The mean annual rainfall of Tonk district is 566 mm as per Monsoon 2013
Report, Water Resource Department, Govt. of Rajasthan. The total run off which will
contribute in sediment yield will be considered as 75% of total rainfall i.e. 425 mm.
The computations for total annual suspended and bed load sediment yield are given
below:-
Sediment Yield:-
For run off less than 2 inches (Q < 2 in) For run off more than 2 inches (Q > 2 in)
Where:-
Q (in) = Mean Annual run off = 425 mm = 16.71 inch
A (mi2) = Catchment area= 10118.2531 km2 = 3906.65754 mi2
Sediment Yield, S (tonnes/ yr) = 1965 e - 0.055Q [1.43-0.26 log (A)]
S = 1965 e-0.055 x 16.71 [1.43 - 0.26 log (3906.65754)]
S = 15,19,023 tonnes/ year
Thus, 15,19,023 tonnes/ year sediment will be regenerated every year in the catchment
area as replenishment against the quantities mined out. The area 10,118.2531 km2 is
representing the catchment area of the Banas River in Tonk district. The total river
stretches on which mining activities will be carried out in the district is 128.2 km. The
lease area of Piplu mine stretches in a length of around 24.40 km. Therefore, the
sediment yield 2,89,112 tonnes/ year was calculated for the mine. The maximum annual
production is 56,00,000 tonnes/ year. The amount of sediment regenerated every year
will be 2,89,112 tonnes/ year in the catchment area. Therefore, the percentage of
replenishment is about 5% every year.
The hypothetical derivation of replenishment data is not supported by any ground
evidence as the same can be derived only after annual study due to inconsistent rains in
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 135
Rajasthan. The derived replenishment data is based on macro-watershed data taken
from satellite imagery with sample ground truthing and annual average rainfall. The data
works out to be around 5% which after detailed study will show some divergence. The
data derived is based on SRTM 30 m resolution processed using ARCGIS software with
linear and resolution factors affecting the derivation.
In addition to this, a preliminary replenishment study on River Banas was carried out by
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee on dated 18th
– 19th
June, 2014 by Prof. Z.
Ahmed, Professor, Civil Engineering Department, IIT Roorkee. After this preliminary study,
it has been concluded that “the intervening catchment of the Banas River i.e., from
downstream of Bisalpur dam to the confluence of Banas River with Chambal River shall
contribute sand to the Banas River through soil erosion and replenish the River if the sand
from the river shall be lifted/ mined.” In the light of above observation, a comprehensive
replenishment study is envisaged during the rainy season at least for few continuous
years as the river is seasonal not perennial to understand the pattern and potential of
sedimentation and replenishment.
6.6 TRAFFIC STUDY
A traffic study is an investigation to evaluate a transportation system. The study is a
means of identifying and documenting any deficiencies or improvements both-
operational and physical - necessary to accommodate current or projected traffic
volumes. Traffic impact study can be used to help evaluate whether the development is
appropriate for a site and what type of transportation improvements may be necessary. It
will help:-
� To establish the existing trips/ day without the project activity;
� To understand the increment on the traffic load due to the project activity;
� To know the existing road will sustain or not after the commission of the project.
6.6.1 INDIAN ROAD CONGRESS (IRC) GUIDELINES
Factors for conversion of different type of vehicle into equivalent passenger car unit
(PCU) based on their relative interference value as per Indian Road Congress
Guidelines i.e. IRC 64: 1990 & IRC 106: 1990 (Table 6.1) is given below:-
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 136
Table 6.4: Recommended PCU Factors for various types of vehicles on road
Vehicle Type Rural Road Urban Road
Equivalency
factor for PCU
Equivalent PCU factors percentage
composition of vehicle type in traffic stream
5% 10% and above
Fast Vehicle
Motor Scooter (Two wheelers) 0.50 0.50 0.75
Passenger Car, Pickup Van 1.0 1.0 1.0
Auto Rickshaw 1.0 1.2 2.0
Tractor, Light Commercial Vehicle 1.5 1.4 3.7
Bus or Trucks 3.0 2.2 5.0
Truck Trailer 4.5 4.0 -
Slow Moving Vehicles
Cycle 0.50 0.4 0.5
Cycle Rickshaw 2.0 0.5 2.0
Hand Cart 3.0 2.0 3.0
Horse Drawn Vehicle 4.0 1.5 2.0
Bullock Cart 8.0 - --
(Source: - IRC 64-1990 & IRC 106-1990)
Level of Service (LOS)
Capacity standards are fixed normally in relation to the Level of Service (LOS) adopted
for design. Six levels of service are recognized commonly designated from A to F.
Considering the need for smooth traffic flow; it is recommended that normally LOS-C be
adopted for design of urban roads. At this level volume of traffic will be around 0.70
times the maximum capacity. Capacity or Design Service volume is the maximum hourly
volume at which vehicle can reasonably be expected to transfers a point or uniform
section of a lane or road way during a given time period. As per IRC 64: 1990 guidelines,
ratio of existing volume of PCU on roads (V) and its capacity (C) with corresponding
level of services (LOS) and their performance is given below:-
Table 6.5: Referenced V/C Ratio for Level of Service and Performance of the Road
V/C LOS Performance
0.0 - 0.2 A Excellent
0.2 - 0.4 B Very Good
0.4 - 0.6 C Good / Average / Fair
0.6 - 0.8 D Poor
0.8 - 1.0 E Very Poor
(Note: Capacity as per IRC: 64-1990)
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 137
6.6.2 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS AS PER IRC GUIDELINES
Traffic analysis is carried out by understanding the existing carrying capacity of the
roads near to the project site and the connecting main roads in the area. Then
depending on the capacity of the mine, the number of trucks that will be added to the
present scenario will be compared to the carrying capacity. The roads connect from the
mine site to NH-12. These roads are wide enough to facilitate easy and smooth
movement of heavy duty trucks. During mining operation, there are 80-85 trucks per
hour will be deployed from the mine site. Detail of truck capacity, no. of trucks and
working hours are given below:-
Table 6.6: Working Details
Total Capacity of Mine 5.60 MMTA
Lease Area 3342.10 Ha
No. of Blocks 5 (Blocks- A, B, C, D & E)
No. of Working Days 280 days
Truck Capacity 20 tonnes
No. of Trucks Deployed/ Day 1000 trips
Working Hours per Day 12 hours
No. of Trucks Deployed/Hr 84 trucks
6.6.2.1 Traffic Scenario in Nearby Project Site
River bed mining is carried out in revenue villages of Piplu tehsil, Tonk district. Mined out
Bajri/ Sand are dispatched to the destination places via village road which finally met to
the highway NH-12. At present, the traffic load at village road and highway are 52 and
86 vehicles/hr. The traffic scenario with project & LOS are given below:-
Table 6.7: Traffic Scenario and LOS
Road Vol. in
PCU’s/hr (V)
Capacity in
PCU’s/ hr (C)
Modified
V/C ratio
LOS
Village Road 138 250 0.55 C
NH-12 intersection 187 625 0.30 B
From the above analysis, it can be concluded that the V/C ratio is found to be 0.55 and
0.30 for village road and Highway respectively. So, the Level of Service is C & B
respectively for village road and Highway which is ‘good’ and ‘very good’, as per
classification. Hence, the load on the carrying capacity of the concerned roads is not
likely to have any significant adverse impact due to proposed project.
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 138
6.6.3 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
The movement of trucks at the mine site will be regulated as per the traffic rules framed
and given below:-
� Driver of the truck will park the vehicle at the earmarked site and report at the site
office/ security check post.
� After submission of documents, checking, making entries driver will be given a
TOKEN and directed to report for loading to a particular block/ equipment.
� After the TOKEN is checked and verified, truck will be loaded and allowed to move
out.
� After reaching the truck terminal driver will park the vehicle and report back to the
site office/ check post.
� Permit as per rules will be given which will be again checked at the security check
post before the vehicle moves out of the terminal premises.
� Only R.T.O. passed vehicle will be allowed for loading and up to the permissible limit.
� An engineer or supervisor will check the vehicle for brakes and its general condition.
� No gate pass will be given to the vehicle to move out unless covered with tarpaulin.
6.7 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)
The total capital cost involved in CSR activities will be Rs. 19.3 lacs and Rs. 7.18 lacs as
recurring cost. As a corporate responsibility following measures along with budget
provision (Table 6.6) is proposed for improving the conditions of persons in and around
the project area:-
Table 6.8: CSR Activities
(Rs In lacs)
S. No. Description Capital Cost Recurring Cost
1. Health check up camps 2.0 1.00
2. Assistance to local schools, scholarships to students 2.50 0.50
3. Sanitation and Toilet Construction 5.00 1.00
4. Drinking Water Facilities through tanker supply 0.50 3.30
5. Installation of water filter in nearby villages (i.e. Chuli,
Borda and Sohela)
0.50 0.05
6. Vocational training to persons for Income Generation 3.00 0.30
7. Awareness Programme. 0.30 0.03
8.` Assistance to Self Help Groups 3.00 0.50
9. Rain Water Harvesting 5.00 0.50
Total 21.8 7.18
PROJECT :- RIVER BED SAND MINING SECTION - VI: ADDITIONAL STUDIES
APPLICANT :- SOMPRAKASH SETHI
DOCUMENT NO.:- EESPL/SS/ 001/ 147 – EC/ Mine/ 2013
ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES PVT. LTD., JAIPUR
DECEMBER’ 2014 139
The detail of villages in which CSR activities will be carried out is given below:-
Block 1st
Year 2nd
Year 3rd
Year 4th
Year 5th
Year
A Borda -- Lank -- Dodawari
B Lahan -- -- Islampuragata --
C Markhera -- Nayagoan -- --
D -- Kakraj Kalan Kakraj Khurd Jebriya Kanduliya
E Borkhandi Khurd -- Sardarpura Karola Sohela
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