1000 drug cards

PHARMOCOLOGY

DRUG CARDS

Trade Name: Innovar

Classification: General anesthetic, narcotic analgesic, neuroleptic analgesic

Use(s): Premedication, adjunct/maintenance of anesthesia,

Action: Acts at subcortical levels to reduce motor activity.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, <2 years old.

Side Effects: Laryngospasm, bronchospasm, respiratory arrest.

Nursing implications: V/S, LFT, BUN, Creatine, Paco2. After 1st dose of narcotic reduce dosage.

Trade Name: Progesterone

Classification: Progesterone, hormone

Use(s): Contraception, amenorrhea, PMS, abnormal uterine bleeding.

Action: Prevents pituitary release of gonadotrophins, which prevents follicular maturation.

Contraindications: Breast/Reproductive CA, , cerebral bleeds.

Side Effects: Stroke, PE, MI, spontaneous AB

Nursing implications: Weight, B/P, LFT, edema, mental status, hypercalcemia.

Trade Name: Estrogens

Classification: Estrogen, hormone

Use(s): Menopause, inoperable breast CA, Prostate CA, osteoporosis

Action: Inhibits release of pituitary gonadotrophins, inhibits ovulation and calcium use in bone.

Contraindications: Breast/Reproductive CA

Side Effects: Seizures, Stroke, MI

Nursing implications: Assess LFT, AST, ALT, bilirubin.

Trade Name: Rocephin (ceftriaxone)

Classification: Broad-Spectrum antibiotic, 3rd generation cephalosporin

Use(s): Gram-negative bacilli, less effective against gram positive

Action: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis

Contraindications: to cephalosporins, <1 month old, pregnancy, lactation.

Side Effects: N/V/D, bleeding, proteinuria, lymphocytosis, super infection, headache, dizziness, rash

Nursing implications: Sensitivity to PCN or other cephalosporins. Assess for diarrhea, and blood chemistry studies, assess for s/s of superifection such as thrush and yeast infection

Trade Name: Doxycycline

Classification: Antiinfectives

Use(s): syphilis, Clap, gonorrhea, rickettsia

Action: Inhibits protein synthesis

Contraindications: hypersensitivity to tetracycline, children <8 years old, pregnancy, lactation.

Side Effects: Fever, neutropenia, angioedema, hepatotoxicity

Nursing implications: Assess I&O, allergic Rx, Blood studies, Signs of infection.

Trade Name: Tetracycline

Classification: Broad-Spectrum anti-infective

Use(s): Syphilis, clap, gonorrhea, rickettsia infections, acne, ophthalmic neonatorum

Action: Inhibits protein synthesis

Contraindications: hypersensitivity to tetracycline, children <8 years old, pregnancy, and lactation. Hypersensitivity to light

Side Effects: Fever, HA, neutropenia, hemolytic anemia, angioedema.

Nursing implications: Signs of anemia, Allergic reactions, N/V/D. Store out of heat/light

Trade Name: Penicillin

Classification: Broad-Spectrum antiinfectives.

Use(s): Gram +/- bacilli and cocci.

Action: interferes with cell wall replication, producing inferior cell walls.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to PCN, neonates. Sensitivity to cephalosporins

Side Effects: anemia, increased bleeding time, Oliguria, proteinuria, Hematuria, rash, uticaria, anaphylaxsis

Nursing implications: Infection, I&O, liver studies, blood studies, respiratory status.

Trade Name: Acyclovir

Classification: Antiviral

Use(s): Herpes zoster, herpes simplex, herpes genitalis

Action: Interferes with DNA synthesis causing decreased viral replication.

Contraindications:

Side Effects: Tremors, confusion, lethargy, convulsions, acute renal failure.

Nursing implications: Signs of infection, I&O ratio, skin eruptions, allergic Reactions

Trade Name: Podophyllin

Classification: Antiviral

Use(s): Genital wart removal

Action: unknown

Contraindications: hypersensitivity; perianal or MM warts.

Side Effects: inflammation, burning

Nursing implications: None noted.

Trade Name: Flagyl (Metronidazole HCL)

Classification: Antiinfectives

Use(s): Intestinal amoeba, bone / joint infections, lower respiratory infections. Trichomonas vaginalis

Action: Direct acting amebicide

Contraindications: , renal disease, pregnancy (1st tri), CNS disorders.

Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, convulsions, Blurred vision, sore throat, dry mouth.

Nursing implications: Assess for signs of infection. Assess stools, check vision, allergic reactions.

Trade Name: Pepcid

Classification: H2-receptor antagonist.

Use(s): Duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, GERD

Action: Competitively inhibits histamine, while pepsin stays at a stable level, inhibits gastric secretions

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

Side Effects: Thrombocytopenia, seizure, bronchospasm,

Nursing implications: Blood counts, bleeding

Trade Name: Tobramycin

Classification: Antiinfectives-Aminoglycoside

Use(s): Infections of pseudomonas, E.Coli, enterobacter, staphylococcus

Action: Interferes with protein synthesis, causing an inaccurate peptide sequence resulting in death.

Contraindications: Severe renal disease, hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides.

Side Effects Oliguria, hematuria, renal failure, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, & leukopenia.

Nursing implications: Assess weight, I&O, blood studies, serum levels

Trade Name: Neomycin

Classification: Antiinfectives-Aminoglycoside

Use(s): Severe systemic infections with pseudomonas, E.Coli, enterobacter, Proteus.

Action: Interferes with protein synthesis by binding to the 30s subunit, causing an erroneous protein that causes death.

Contraindications: Bowel obstruction, severe renal disease, hypersensitivity, infants, and children.

Side Effects Oliguria, hematuria, renal failure, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, & leukopenia.

Nursing implications: Assess Weight, I&O, renal impairment, dehydration, blood studies, serum levels.

Trade/generic: Zinacef (cefuroxime sodium)

Class: Antibacterial Agents: 2nd gen. Cephalosporin

Route: IM, IV

Ind: Gram +/- bacteria, including most staph, gp. A & B Strep, most strep, E. coli, meningitits.

Action: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, making the cell wall unstable.

Contra: Hypers, seizure disorders.

S/E: Dizziness, headache, fatigue, rash, nephrotoxicity, renal failure.

RN: Assess for nephrotoxicity, I&O, Blood serum studies & allergic reactions.

Trade Name: Claforan

Classification: Broad-spectrum antibiotic-Cephalosporin

Use(s): Gram - & gram + organisms

Action: Inhibits cell wall synthesis, making cell wall unstable.

Contraindications: hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, infants < 1 month.

Side Effects: N/V/D, anaphylaxis, Proteinuria, leukopenia.

Nursing implications: Assess for sensitivity to PCN/Cephalosporins, nephrotoxicity, blood studies, and electrolytes.

Trade Name: Tazidime

Classification: Broad-spectrum antibiotic-Cephalosporin

Use(s): Gram negative and gram positive organisms

Action: Inhibits cell wall synthesis, making cell wall unstable.

Contraindications: hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, infants < 1 month.

Side Effects: N/V/D, anaphylaxis, Proteinuria, leukopenia.

Nursing implications: Assess for sensitivity to PCN/Cephalosporins, nephrotoxicity, blood studies, and electrolytes.

Trade Name: Erythromycin

Classification: Broad-Spectrum Antiinfectives-Microlide

Use(s): Bacterial infections, Legionaire’s disease, syphilis.

Action: Binds to P site of 50s ribosomal subunit, interfereing w/protein synthesis.

Contraindications: Hypersens., cisapride use, astemizole use,impaired liver function, impaired hearing.

Side Effects: anaphylaxis, N/V, diarrhea, anorexia, abd pain, abd cramps, pruritus,

Nursing implications: observe for allergic reactions,

Trade Name: Ticar (ticarcillin)

Classification: Broad-spectrum Antiinfectives-Penicillin

Use(s): Gram +/- cocci, Gram +/- bacilli.

Action: Interferes with cell wall replication, and causes unstable cell walls to burst.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to PCN

Side Effects: Anemia, increased bleeding time, bone marrow depression, N/V/D.

Nursing implications: Assess, I&O, liver studies, blood studies, lethargy, coma, convulsions.

Trade Name: Ampicillin

Classification: Broad-Spectrum Antiinfectives-Penicillin

Use(s): Gram +/- cocci, Gram +/- bacilli

Action: Interferes with cell wall replication & causes cell walls to burst.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to PCN

Side Effects: Rash, anemia, bone marrow depression, coma, convulsions, and anaphylaxis.

Nursing implications: Assess I&O, liver studies, blood studies, respiratory and vitals, as well as bowel habits.

Trade Name: Cipro

Classification: Broad-Spectrum Antiinfectives

Use(s): Infections caused by susceptible organisms E. Coli, Proteus, staph.

Action: Interferes with conversion of DNA fragments into higher molecular weight ones. DNA gyrase inhibitors.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to quinolones

Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, restlessness, N/V/D.

Nursing implications: Assess for CNS symptoms, I&O ratio, allergic reactions.

Trade Name: Bactrim

Classification: Antiinfectives-Sulfonamides

Use(s): UTI, Otitis media, and shigellosis

Action: Bacteriostatic agent that prevents bacterial growth byInhibiting folic acid production.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, infants <2 months.

Side Effects: N/V, diarrhea, joint pain, urticaria, convulsions, fever, renal failure, leukopenia.

Nursing implications: Assess for allergic reactions, kidney functions, and allergic reactions, maintain adequate fluid inake

Trade Name: Virazole (ribavirin)

Classification: Antiviral Agents-ribavirin

Use(s): Infants and young children w/ lower resp. infections caused By RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)

Action: Inhibits viral RNA and DNA synthesis

Contraindications: Pregnant or lactating, COPD, asthma, ventilation,

Side Effects: resp. function, vent. Dependence, pneumothorax, apnea, cardiac arrest, HTN, rash, conjunctivitis, erythema of eyelids.

Nursing implications: Monitor: VS, cardiac status, CBC. Route of administration is aerosol inhalation

Trade Name: Respigam

Classification: Immune serums

Use(s): Prevention of serious lower respiratory tract infections caused by RSV in children <2 years old, with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or premature birth.

Action: Higher titer of neutralizing antibody against RSV.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to this drug or other human immunoglobulin preparations.

Side Effects: Resp distress, hypoxia, fever, HTN, anaphylaxis

Nursing implications: Assess vital signs, respiratory status, for signs of aseptic meningitis.

Trade Name: Synagis

Classification: monoclonal antibodies

Use(s): Prevention of serious lower respiratory tract disease caused by RSV in pediatric PT’s.

Action: A humanized monoclonal antibody that exhibits neutralizing and fusion-inhibitory activity against RSV.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, adults, and cyanotic congenital heart disease.

Side Effects: N/V/D, URI, apnea, and rash site injection.

Nursing implications: For presence of RSV infections.

Trade Name: antimycotic Agents (nystatin, clotrimazole, miconazole, fluconizole, etc.)

Classification: Antifungals

Use(s): fungal infections: tinea pedis (common) to sporotrichosis (rare)

Action: cell wall permeability.Some interfere w/ protein synthsis by binding to sterol..

Contraindications: Hypersens., Pregnant or Lactating Pts.

Side Effects: Nephrotoxicity, hypokalemia, chills, fever, N/V, muscle & joint pain, HA, anorexia, abd. Pain.

Nursing implications: Monitor LFT’s, do not administer w/ antacids.

Trade Name: Cotazym

Classification: Digestant

Use(s): Exocrine pancreatic secretion insufficiency, cystic fibrosis, steatorrhea, and pancreatic enzyme deficiency.

Action: Pancreatic enzyme needed for breaking down substances from the pancreas.

Contraindications: Allergy to pork, chronic pancreatic disease.

Side Effects: Anorexia, N/V/D

Nursing implications: Assess for proper development, administer with meals, I&O ratio, 3 p’s.

Trade Name: Pancreatin


Use(s): Exocrine pancreatic secretion insufficiency, cystic fibrosis (digestive aid)

Action: Pancreatic enzyme needed for breakdown of substances released from the pancreas.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to pork, chronic pancreatic disease.

Side Effects: Anorexia, N/V/D, and rash, hypersensitivity, buccal soreness.

Nursing implications: Assess I&O, for 3 P’s for allergy to pork.

Trade Name: Pancrease


Use(s): Exocrine pancreatic secretion insufficiency, cystic fibrosis (digestive aid), and Pancreatic enzyme deficiency.

Action: Pancreatic enzyme needed for breakdown of substances released from the pancreas.

Contraindications: Allergy to pork, chronic pancreatic disease.

Side Effects: N/V/D

Nursing implications: Assess for 3 P’s, pork sensitivity, appropriate height and weight.

Trade Name: Mucomyst

Classification: Mucolytic; antidote - acetaminophen

Use(s): Bronchitis; pneumonia; CF; emphysema; diagnostic in lab tests.

Action: Decreases viscosity of secretions by breaking disulfide links of mucoproteins.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity; increased ICP, status asthmaticus.

Side Effects: Dizziness; drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, bronchospasm, hemoptysis. stomatitis

Nursing implications: Assess cough, respiratory status, VS.

Trade Name: Flexeril (cyclobenzaprine)

Classification: Skeletal muscle relaxant, central acting.

Use(s): Adjunct for relief of muscle spasm and pain in muscle injuries.

Action: Unknown may be related to antidepressant effects.

Contraindications: Acute recovery from an MI, dysrhythmias, heart block, CHF, hypersensitivity, child <12 years, thyroid disease.

Side Effects: Dizziness, weakness, drowsiness, and dysrhythmias.

Nursing implications: Assess blood studies, LFT’s, ECG in epileptic Pt’s., allergic Rx, CNS Depression.

Trade Name: Pulmozyme

Classification: cystic fibrosis agent

Use(s): Management of Cystic fibrosis

Action: Breaks down molecules of infected sputum, to help get the sputum out.


Side Effects: Possible laryngitis, uticaria, rash, chest pain.

Nursing implications: Assess respiratory function, B/P, pulse, lung sounds.

Trade Name: Cromolyn (same as intal)

Classification: Antiasthmatic

Use(s): Preventive allergic rhinitis, asthma, and bronchial asthma, exercise induced asthma.

Action: Stabilizes the membrane of the senthestized cell, preventing the release of additional chemical mediators

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to this drug or lactose or status asthmaticus.

Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, urinary frequency, dysuria, N/V, dry mouth, bitter taste.

Nursing implications: Assess eosinophil count during treatment, respiratory status.

Trade Name: Robaxin

Classification: Skeletal muscle relaxant, central acting.

Use(s): Adjunct for relief of spasms and pain in muscles, tetanus management.

Action: Depresses multisynaptic pathways in the spinal cord, causing skeletal muscle relaxant.

Contraindications: hypersensitivity, child <12 yr., intermittent porphyria

Side Effects: Dizziness, weakness, drowsiness, seizures, N/V, anaphylaxis.

Nursing implications: Assess blood studies, liver function tests, ECG, allergic RX, CNS depression.

Trade Name: Prednisone

Classification: Corticosteroid

Use(s): Severe inflammation, immunosuppression, neoplasm’s, MS, collagen disorders.

Action: Decreases inflammation by suppression of migration of leukocytes and fibroblasts increases capillary permeability and lysosomal stabilization.

Contraindications: Psychosis, hypersensitivity, amebiasis, fungal infections, child <2 years old, aids, TB.

Side Effects: Circulatory collapse, thrombophlebitis, embolism, GI hemorrhage.

Nursing implications: Assess for N/V, Weight, BP, I&O, infection, edema, mental status.

Trade Name: Valium (diazepam)

Classification: Antianxiety, anti-convulsant, skeletal muscle relaxant

Use(s): Anxiety, acute ETOH withdrawal, adjunct in seizure disorders. IV with anesthesia for labor

Action: Potentates the action of GABA, especially in the limbic system.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines, narrow angle glaucoma, psychosis.

Side Effects: Neutropenia, respiratory depression, dizziness drowsiness, and orthostatic hypotension.

Nursing implications: Assess B/P, anxiety, for seizure, forchanges in mental status.

Trade Name: Indocin

Classification: NSAID

Use(s): Rheumatoid arthritis, gout, closure of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants.

Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, asthma, severe renal disease, severe renal disease, and severe hepatic disease

Side Effects: N/V/D, ulceration, and perforation, GI bleeds, hematuria, Oliguria.

Nursing implications: Assess renal, blood and liver status, eye and ear problems, for confusion.

Trade Name: Tilade


Use(s): Severe perennial bronchial asthma, prevention of exercise-induced asthma. Not for treatment of acute asthma attacks.

Action: Stabilizes the membrane of the sensitized mast cell, preventing further release of chemical mediators after the initial response.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to this drug or lactose, status asthmaticus.

Side Effects: Throat irritation, cough, nasal congestion, and rhinitis, burning eyes, N/V, bitter taste.

Nursing implications: Assess pulmonary function test, respiratory status

Trade Name: Intal


Use(s): Allergic rhinitis, severe perennial asthma, prevention of exercise induced bronchial asthma, asthma induced by pollutants.

Action: Stabilizes the membrane of the sensitized mast cell, preventing further release of chemical mediators.

Contraindications: hypersensitivity to this drug or lactose, status asthmaticus

Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, neuritis, urinary frequency, dysuria, nausea, vomiting.

Nursing implications: Assess eosinophil, respiratory status.

Trade Name: Aspirin ( acetylsalicylic acid ASA)

Classification: Non-narcotic analgesic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antiplatelet

Use(s): Mild to moderate pain or fever, prophylaxis of MI, angina & ischemic stroke

Action: Blocks pain impulses at the CNS, antipyretic, decreases platelet aggregation, prolongs bleeding

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to ASA, yellow #5, GI bleed, Children <12 years old, children with flu-like symptoms, peptic ulcer.

Side Effects: convulsion, GI bleed, hepatitis, and Reye’s syndrome, decreases hearing acuity, gastric irritation

Nursing implications: Assess Liver function, renal function, blood studies, I&O ratio. Do not give with Ibuprofen, take with food

Trade Name: Alupent

Classification: Bronchodilator selective B2 agonist

Use(s): Bronchial asthma, bronchial spasm.

Action: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by direct action on B2 Adrenergic receptors.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics, narrow angle glaucoma.

Side Effects: N/V, palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea, nervousness, headache, and increased bronchospasm, cardiac arrest.

Nursing implications: Assess respiratory function, for tolerance.

Trade Name: Solu-Cortef

Classification: Corticosteroid

Use(s): Severe inflammation, septic shock, adrenal insufficiency, ulcerative colitis, collagen disorders.

Action: Decreases inflammation by suppression of leukocytes reverses capillary permeability.

Contraindications: Psychosis, hypersensitivity, idiopathic thrombocytopenia, fungal infections, bronchial disease, children <2 years old, aids, TB.

Side Effects: Circulatory collapse, thrombophlebitis, and embolism, thrombocytopenia, GI hemorrhage.

Nursing implications: Assess mental status, weight, B/P, I&O, infection, edema, hypertension.

Trade Name: Theophylline

Classification: Spasmolytic, bronchodilator

Use(s): Bronchial asthma, broncho-spasm of COPD, chronic bronchitis.

Action: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by blocking phosphodiesterase.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to xanthine, tachydysrhythmias.

Side Effects: Convulsions, palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea, nervousness, and headache,restlessness, irritability, insomnia, dizziness. Adverse CNS reactions often more severe in children

Nursing implications: Assess Theophylline level, heart rate, respiratory status, for allergic reactions, monitor blood levels. If dose missed call MD before doubling.

Trade Name: Proventil/Ventolin

Classification: Adrenergic B2-agonist, sympathomimetic, bronchodilator

Use(s): Prevention of exercise induced asthma, bronchospasm, bronchitis, emphysema, or other respiratory diseases.

Action: Causes bronchodilation by interacting with B2 receptors,relaxes bronchial smooth muscle.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics, tachydysrhythmias, severe cardiac disease, and heart block.

Side Effects: Palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea, nervousness, headache, and increased bronchospasm.

Nursing implications: Assess the need for the drug, respiratory function, ability to self medicate, evidence of allergic Reactions

Trade Name: Accutane (isotretirion)

Classification: Antiacne agent

Use(s): Rarely used for severe recalcitrant acne

Action: Unknown

Contraindications: hypersensitivity, inflamed skin, pregnancy

Side Effects: Pseudotumor cerebri, hyperostosis, hepatotoxicity, chelitis, dry skin, skin fragility, pruritus, dry mouth, depression. Fetal abnormalities

Nursing implications: caution if psychiatric disorder.

Trade Name: Brethine (terbutaline)

Classification: Selective B2 agonist; Bronchodilator

Use(s): Bronchospasm, hyperkalemia, and premature labor.

Action: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by acting on B2 Adrenergic receptors that relax bronchial smooth muscle.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics, narrow angle glaucoma, tachydysrhythmias.

Side Effects: N/V, palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea, nervousness, headache, and cardiac arrest.

Nursing implications: Assess respiratory function, vitals, and tolerance to treatment, monitor FHT’s, uterine activity

Trade Name: Azulfidine (sulfasalazine)

Classification: Anti-inflammatory

Use(s): Ulcerative colitis, used for rheumatoid arthritis in pt’s who are unresponsive to or intolerant to NSAIDS.

Action: anti-inflammatory in connective tissue. A prodrug that delivers sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid to the colon.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides or salicylates, pregnancy @ term, child <2 years old, intestinal/urinary obstruction.

Side Effects: Anaphylaxis, N/V/D, abdominal pain, hepatitis, convulsions, skin and urine discoloration may occur

Nursing implications: Assess kidney function studies, for blood dyscrasis, allergic reaction. Administer after meals

Trade Name: Aminophylline

Classification: Spasmolytic

Use(s): Bronchial asthma, bronchial spasm, Cheyne-Stokes respiration. wheezing

Action: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, and produces bronchodilation.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to xanthines, tachydysrhythmias

Side Effects: N/V, palpitations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea, nervousness, headache, tachypnea.

Nursing implications: Assess: Theophylline levels, respiratory status, allergic reactions.

Trade Name: Nix (permethrin)Classification: Antiparasitic-Pediculicide

Use(s): Lice, ticks, nits, flea nits

Action: disrupts parasitic nerve cells.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity,

Side Effects: Burning, pruritus, erythema, numbness, tingling.

Nursing implications: Assess for signs of infection. Identify sources of infection.

Trade Name: Kwell (lindane)

Classification: Scabicide, pediculicide.

Use(s): Scabies, Lice, nits.

Action: Stimulates the nervous system of arthropods, causing seizures and death of organism.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity; premature neonate; pt’s with seizure disorders, inflammation of skin, or breaks in skin.

Side Effects: Pruritis, rash, irritation, contact dermatitis, aplastic anemia, seizures

Nursing implications: Assess for organisms prior to/after treatment. Identify sources of infection.

Trade Name: Norplant

Classification: Contraceptive system

Use(s): Prevention of pregnancy for 5 years.

Action: Progestin that inhibits secretion of gonadotropins & prohibits follicular maturation.

Contraindications: , pregnancy, and liver disease/tumors, breast carcinoma.

Side Effects: dizziness, HA, nervousness, vaginitis.

Nursing implications: Assess for jaundice, acne, and menstrual irregularities.

Trade Name: Urecholine (bethanechol)

Classification: Cholinergic stimulant.

Use(s): Urinary retention (postoperative, postpartum); neurogenic atony of the bladder with retention.

Action: Stimulates the muscarinc Ach receptors directly; mimics parasympathetic NS stimulation, stimulates GI motility/Micturition.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, severe Bradycardia, asthma,hypotension, PUD, CAD, COPD.

Side Effects: Rash, N/V/Bloody diarrhea, Cardiac arrest, circulatory collapse, acute asthma, dyspnea, bronchoconstriction.

Nursing implications: Assess vitals, I&O, Assess for abnormalHR/Rhythm and respiratory issues D/C if develop. Give on an empty stomach

Trade Name(s) Xylocaine Classification: Anesthetics local

Use(s): Nerve block for pain

Action: Inhibits conduction of nerve impulses from sensoryNerves.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, application to large areas

Side Effects: Rash, irritation, and sensitization

Nursing implications: Assess pain, assess for any infection, evaluate response, redness, swelling, pain.

Trade Name: Danocrine (danazol)

Classification: androgen

Use(s): endometriosis, fibrocystic breast disease, and prevention of heredity angioedema.

Action: Decreases FSH, LH which leads to amenorrhea / anovulation.

Contraindications: Severe renal/cardiac/hepatic disease, , pregnancy.

Side Effects: Rash, acne, dizziness, mood change, cramps, BP

Nursing implications: Assess K+, mental status, hypercalcemia,

Trade Name(s) Duramorph

Classification: Anesthetics: Opiate analgesic Use(s): Severe painAction: Depresses pain impulse transmission at the spinal

cord level by interacting with opioid receptors.Contraindications: hypersensitivity, addiction, hemorrhage,

bronchial asthma, increased intracranial pressure.Side Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, headache,

sedation, euphoria, palpitations, bradycardia, change in B/P, n/v, rash, respiratory depression.

Nursing implications: Assess:PainBowel statusI&OVitalsCNSRespiratory depressionAllergic reactions

Trade Name(s) Novocain Classification: Local anestheticUse(s): Spinal, epidermal, periph. nerve block, & perineum,

lower extremities, infiltration.Action: Completes w/ Ca+ for sites in nerve membrane that

controls Na+ transport across the cell membrane; decreases rise of depolarization phase of action potential.

Contraindications: Hypersens., children 12, severe liver disease.Side Effects: Palpatations, tachycardia, tremors, nausea,

nervousness, & HA.Nursing implications: Assess: VS, HFT if used during labor, allergic reactions, rash

urticaria, itching, as well as cardiac status.Administer: Only clear drugs, only with resuscitative equipment

nearby, only use drugs w/o preservatives for epidural or caudal anesthesia.

Trade Name(s) Nesacaine

Classification: Local anesthetic

Use(s): Epidural, peripheral block, caudal anesthesia, &infiltration block.

Action: Competes with calcium for sites in the nerve membranethat control sodium transport. Thus slowing thedepolarization phase of the action potential.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, children <12 years, severeliver disease.

Side Effects: Seizures, loss of consciousness, myocardialdepression, arrest, dysrhythmias, status asthmaticus, respiratory arrest, anaphylaxis.

Nursing implications: VS, FHT’s. Look for allergic reactions.

Trade Name(s) Marcaine

Classification: Local anesthetic

Use(s): Epidural, peripheral block, caudal anesthesia, &Infiltration, block

Action: Block nerve impulses at the point of contact in all kindsof nerves.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity.

Side Effects:Anxiety, dizziness, HA, restlessness, tremor, HTN palpitations, tachycardia, anginal pain.

Nursing implications: Monitor for cyanosis, angina

Trade Name: Vitamin K (aqua mephyton)

Classification: Vitamin K, Fat-soluble vitamin

Use(s): Vitamin K malabsorption, to prevent hemorrhage, prevents hemorrhagic disease

Action: Needed for adequate blood clotting, factors 2, 7, 9, 10

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, severe hepatic disease, last few weeks of pregnancy.

Side Effects: HA, brain damage, hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria& hyperbilirubinemia.

Nursing implications: Assess for bleeding (emesis, stools, urine) Check PTT, nutritional status (is K intake adequate?)

Trade Name(s) Demerol (meperidine hydrochloride)

Classification: Opiate analgesic. Narcotic analgesic

Use(s): Pain control

Action: Depresses pain impulse transmission at the spinal cordlevel by interacting with opioid receptors.

Contraindications:: Hypersensitivity, addiction.

Side Effects: Increased ICP, seizures, respiratory depression,drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, headache, sedation, &euphoria

Nursing implications: Assess pain, renal function, I&O, constipation, allergic reaction, respiratory rate, in labor

do not give if delivery is expected within 2-4 hours

Trade Name(s): Stadol (butorphanol)

Classification: Narcotic analgesic, opiate analgesic

Use(s): Moderate to severe pain.

Action: Decreases pain impulse at the spinal cord level byinteracting with opioid receptors.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, addiction, CHF, myocardialinfarction

Side Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, confusion, sedation, euphoria, n/v, anorexia, constipation, cramps. Respiratory depression, pulmonary HTN.

Nursing implications: Assess pain, decreased output, CNS changes, allergic Rx and respiratory dysfunction.

Trade Name(s): Nubain Classification: Opioid analgesic

Use(s): Moderate to severe pain

Action: Depresses pain impulse transmission at the spinal cordlevel by interacting with opioid receptors.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity and addiction.

Side Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, HA, sedation,euphoria, N/V, anorexia, constipation, and cramps.

Nursing implications: I&O, CNS changes, dizziness, need formedication, allergic reactions.

Trade Name(s): Narcan (naloxone)

Classification: Opioid antagonist

Use(s): Reverses narcotics, treat respiratory depression caused by narcotics and narcotic overdose

Action: Competes with opioids at opiate receptor sites.


Side Effects: Drowsiness, nervousness, Rapid pulse, V-Tach, V-Fib.

Nursing implications: Withdrawal symptoms, respiratory & cardiac

status, pain.

Trade Name: Morphine Sulfate

Classification: Opiate analgesic

Use(s): Severe pain

Action: Depress pain impulse transmission at the spinal cord level by interacting with opioid receptors

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, addiction, hemorrhage, bronchial asthma, increase ICP.

Side Effects:

Nursing implications: Assess need for pain medication, respiratory depression, and allergic reactions. Antidote is Narcan

Trade Name: Versed (midazolam)

Classification: Sedative, hypnotic

Use(s): Pre-op, general induction, sedation for procedures.

Action: Binds to Benzodiazepine receptors, induces amnesia

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, shock, coma, Etoh ingestion, acute narrow angle glaucoma.

Side Effects: Apnea, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, retrograde amnesia

Nursing implications: injection site, vital signs, and signs of apnea

Trade Name: Sublimaze

Classification: Narcotic analgesic

Use(s): Pre-op, post-op, adjunct to general anesthetic

Action: Inhibits ascending pain pathways

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to opiates, myasthenia gravis

Side Effects: Bradycardia, arrest, respiratory depression, respiratory arrest.

Nursing implications: Vital signs

Trade Name: Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment

Classification: Antibacterial

Use(s): prevention of gonococal conjunctivitis and chiamydial conjunctivitis

Action bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal based on concentration and target organism

Contraindications: none

Side Effects: chemical conjunctivitis

Nursing implications: place ½ in. ribbon of ointment in the lower conjunctival sac within 1 hour of delivery

Trade Name: Achromycin ophthalmic ointment

Classification: Antibacterial

Use(s): prevents neisseria gonorrhea, ophthalmic neonatorium

Action bacteriostatic

Contraindications: none

Side Effects: chemical conjunctivitis

Nursing implications: place ½ in. ribbon of ointment in the lower conjunctival sac within 1 hour of delivery

Trade Name: Hepatitis B Vaccine

Classification: Immune Globulin

Use(s): Prevention of Hepatitis B virus in exposed patients

Action: Provides passive immunity to Hepatitis B

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to immune globulins, coagulation disorders

Side Effects: Soreness at injection site, angioedema, anaphylaxis

Nursing implications: For history of anaphylaxis to vaccines.

Trade Name: Toradol (ketorolac)

Classification: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory/nonopioid analgesic.

Use(s): Mild to moderate pain.

Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, analgesic, anti-inflammatory

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, asthma, renal disease, PUD, lactation, CV bleed.

Side Effects: Gi Bleeds, perforation, Dysuria, Hematuria

Nursing implications: For ASA sensitivity, pain characteristics, bleeding time, tinnitus.

Trade/Generic Name: Motrin/Advil/Ibuprofen

Classificationn: NSAID

Use(s): Fever, dental pain, rheumatoid arthritis, musculoskeletal disorders

Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory, antipyretic.

Contraindications: PUD, asthma, and severe renal/hepatic disease.

Side Effects: N/V/D, dizziness, light-headedness, fatigue

Nursing implications: For pain, fever/temp, and for a history of contraindications.

Trade Name: chlorpropamide (Glucamide)100-750mg/dayClassification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-1st Generation Sulfonureas

Use(s): Hyperglycemia, Adjunct to diet, exercise to glucose levels w/ Mild to mod.Type 2 DM.

Action: Unk., probably stimulates insulin release from the pancreas. peripheral sensitivity to insulin. Potentiates ADH.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas, juvenile or brittle diabetes, pregnancy, lactation, pregnancy.

Side Effects: parasthesia, fatigue, dizziness, vertigo, malaise, HA, tinnitus, N/V, heartburn, epigastric distress, rash, urticaria.

Nursing implications: caution w/ renal failure, elderly, malnourished, allergy to. Monitor S/S of hypoglycemia.

Trade Name: tolbutamide (Orinase)100-1,000mg/dayClassification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-1st Generation Sulfonureas


Action: Unk., probably stimulates insulin release from the pancreas. peripheral sensitivity to insulin.

Contraindications: Hypersens., sole agent for Type 1, pregnant or lactating, DKA.

Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, N/V, cholestasis, rash, pruritis,leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.


Trade Name: acetohexamide (Dymelor)

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-1st Generation Sulfonureas



Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas, juvenile or brittle diabetes, pregnancy, lactation.

Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, N/V, cholestasis, rash, pruritis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.

Nursing implications: caution w/ renal failure, elderly,malnourished, allergy to. Monitor S/S of hypoglycemia.

Trade Name: tolazamide (Tolinase)

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-1st Generation Sulfonureas



Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas, juvenile or brittle diabetes, pregnancy, lactation, pregnancy

Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, N/V, cholestasis, rash, pruritis,leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.


Trade Name: glipizide (Glucatrol)

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-2nd Generation Sulfonureas

Use(s): Stable adult onset DM type II, NIDDM.

Action: Causes functioning pancreas cells to release insulin.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas, juvenile or brittle Diabetes.

Side Effects: N/V/D, headache, dizziness, hepatotoxicity, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia.

Nursing implications: Assess for hypo/hyperglycemic reactionsthat can occur soon after a meal. Assess blood and urine glucose levels after treatment.

Trade Name: glyburide (Diabeta,Micronase)

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-2nd Generation Sulfonureas

Use(s): Stable adult onset DM (NIDDM)

Action: Causes functioning Beta cells in the pancreas to release insulin.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas, juvenile or brittle Diabetes

Side Effects: Headache, weakness, N/V/D, Rash, Hypoglycemia

Nursing implications: Assess for hypo/hyperglycemic reaction that can occur after meals.

Trade Name: Pioglitazone hydrochloride (NDH) (Actos)

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-NEW

Use(s): Stable adult onset DM

Action: insulin sensitivity by hepatic glucose metabolism

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Thiazolidinedione, lactation, children, DKA,

Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, aggravated DM, URTI, Pharyngitis, HA, edema, HDL.

Nursing implications: Assess for Hypo/hyperglycemic reactions, Monitor CBG’s, LFT’s, CBC. Caution w/ CHF.

Trade Name: metformin (Glucophage)

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-Biguanides

Use(s): Stable adult onset diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)

Action: Inhibits hepatic glucose production and increases sensitivity of insulin dependent cells.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, hepatic, renal disease, alcoholism, cardiopulmonary disease, history of lactic acidosis.

Side Effects: N/V/D, rash, headache, weakness, dizziness.

Nursing implications: Assess for hypo/hyperglycemic reaction, assess CBC, for lactic acidosis.

Trade Name: insulin: Lispro / Lente / Regular/ Semilente/ NPH / Ultralente /70-30 Classification: InsulinsUse(s): DM type I ,ketoacidosis in DM type I & II, PTs. on TPN or G tube feeding. See pharm book for peak, onset and duration times

Action: blood sugar by facilitating the uptake & metabolism if glucose by insulin dependent cells. Also inhibits hepatic glucose production & the breakdown of glycogen, protein & fat, while it promotes the formation of glycogen, protein & triglycerides.

Contraindications: Hypersensitive to protamine, Hypoglycemia, NPO status,

Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, anaphylaxis, hepatotoxicity.Nursing implications: CBG’s (fasting & during treatment),rotate injection sites, Monitor signs of hypoglycemia. Peak times as per pharm book, Regular insulin acts quickly.

Trade Name: rosiglitazone maleate (NDH) (Avandia)

Classification: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents-NEW

Use(s): Stable adult onset DM, NIDDM.

Action: Improves insulin resistance by hepatic glucose metabolism.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Thiazolidinediones

Side Effects: Hypo/hyperglycemia, fatigue, Headache

Nursing implications: Assess for hypo/hyperglycemic reactions, blood studies

Trade Name: Estrogen/Progesterone (comb.)

Classification: Contraceptives

Use(s): Birth Control.

Action: the release of FSH & LH.

Contraindications: Pregnancy, thrombophlebitis, thromboembolic disorders, estrogen dependent CA of the breast or reproductive organs.

Side Effects: Fluid retention, N/V, cramping, constipation, hyperpigmentation, HTN, risk of MI,

Nursing implications: Monitor for adverse reactions.

Trade Name: glucagon

Classification: Oral hyperglycemic agent (occurs naturally in body also)

Use(s): Sever hypoglycemia, insulin antagonist

Action: Converts hepatic glycogen to glucose.

Contraindications: hypoglycemia,

Side Effects: Hypersens., Pt. W/ pheochromocytoma, hyperglycemia, hypotension, N/V, urticaria, resp. distress.

Nursing implications: Monitor CBG’s, VS, S/S of hyperglycemia. Initial dose is IM effect in 5-20 minutes. IV for severe hypoglycemia. Destroyed by the GI tract.

Trade Name: Progesterone only

Classification: Progesterone

Use(s): Contraception, amenorrhea, PMS, abnormal uterine bleeding.

Action: Inhibits secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, which prevents follicular maturation.

Contraindications: Breast CA, pregnancy, thrombolytic disorders.

Side Effects: Dizziness, HA, migraine, fatigue, depression, stroke, embolism, MI, spontaneous Abortion

Nursing implications: Assess Weight, B/P, I&O, edema, HTN.

Trade Name: Depo-Provera

Classification: Antineoplastic, hormone

Use(s): Uterine bleeding, endometrial / renal cancer, and secondary amenorrhea

Action: Inhibits secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, which prevents maturation and ovulation.

Contraindications: Breast/reproductive CA, , pregnancy, thrombolytic disorders.

Side Effects: Stroke, PE, MI, N/V, spontaneous AB.

Nursing implications: Assess Weight, B/P, I&O, edema, HTN.

Trade Name: Norplant (559-560)

Trade Name: Ergotrate Maleate

Classification: Oxytocic

Use(s): Postpartum or postabortion hemorrhage

Action: Stimulates uterine contractions and vascular smooth muscle, decreases bleeding.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to ergot medications, augmentation of labor, before delivery of placenta, threatened AB

Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, fainting, HTN, Chest pain, N/V

Nursing implications: Assess for ergotism, vitals, and fundal tone.

Trade Name: RU486 (mifepristone)

Classification: ContraceptivesDose: 600 mg PO Use(s): Early Pregnancy Termination

Action: Inhibits progesterone receptors.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, ectopic preg., IUD use, anticoagulants, cortico-steriods, chronic adrenal failure, bleeding disorder.

Side Effects: Incomplete abortion, hemorrhage fetal malformation, vag. Bleeding, abd cramps, abd pain, N/V, HA,

Nursing implications: Monitor for adverse reactions.

Trade Name: Nupercainal Ointment

Classification: Topical anesthetics

Use(s): Minor external irritation

Action: Inhibits the conduction of nerve impulses from sensory nerves

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, large areas, Less than 1 year old.

Side Effects: Rash, irritation, and sensitization

Nursing implications: Assess pain, do not use until infection is treated, remove any scales or crust before applying medication

Trade/generic: Methergine (methylergonovine maleate)

Class: Oxytocic, Uterine Motility Agent: Ergot Alkaloid

Ind: Treatment of PPH or postabortion, uterine contractions, uterine atont

Route: PO, IM, PRAction: Stimulates uterine, vascular, smooth muscle, causing contractions & bleeding

Contra: Hypersensitivity to ergot preparations, in labor, before delivery of placenta, hypertension, PID,.

S/E: N/V, HA, dizziness, dyspnea, cramping, chest pain, hypertension & dysrhythmias

RN: monitor vitals, character & amt. of vag.bdg & watch for hemorrhage.

Trade Name: Epifoam

Classification: Topical Glucocorticoids

Use(s): Contact dermatitis

Action: Antipruritic, anti-inflammatory

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, viral and fungal infections.

Side Effects: Acne, atrophy, epidermal thinning, purpura, and striae.

Nursing implications: Assess for a temperature, and for systemic absorption leading to a temperature.

Trade Name: Syntocinon Nasal Spray

Classification: Oxytocic

Use(s): Stimulation or induction of labor; missed or incomplete abortion; postpartum bleeding.

Action: Acts directly on myofibrils, producing uterine contractions; stimulates milk ejection by the breast.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, serum toxicity, fetal distress, and hypertonic uterus.

Side Effects: convulsions, tetanic contractions. Hypo/Hyper-tension, Brady/tachy-cardia, abruptio placenta, decreased uterine blood flow.

Nursing implications: I&O, respiration, B/P and pulse (watch for hemorrhage) Length of contractions.

Trade Name: Colace

Classification: Laxative, emollient

Use(s): To soften stools

Action: Increases water and fat penetration in the intestine; allows for easier passage of the stool

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, obstruction, fecal impaction, and nausea/vomiting.

Side Effects: Nausea, cramps, diarrhea, rash, bitter taste, throat irritation.

Nursing implications: Causes of constipation, bleeding, N/V

Trade Name: Proctofoam

Classification: Topical anesthetics

Use(s): Rectal pain and itching, post partum hemorrhoids

Action: Inhibits conduction of nerve impulses

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, infants less than 1 year of age.

Side Effects: Rash, irritation, and sensitization.

Nursing implications: Assess for pain and infection.

Trade Name: Surfak

Classification: Laxative, emollient

Use(s): To soften stools

Action: Increases water and fat penetration in the intestine; allows for easier passage of the stool

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, obstruction, fecal impaction, and nausea/vomiting.

Side Effects: Nausea, cramps, diarrhea, rash, bitter taste, throat irritation.

Nursing implications: Causes of constipation, bleeding, N/V.

Trade Name: Zantac

Classification: H2-histamine receptor antagonist

Use(s): Duodenal ulcer, H. Pylori, ERD

Action: Inhibits histamine sites, which ceases acid production


Side Effects: HA, Sleeplessness, confusion, hepatotoxicity.

Nursing implications: I&O, Bun, Creatine, mental status, GI complaints.

Trade Name: Rubella Vaccine

Classification: Vaccines & toxoids

Use(s): Rubella immunization

Action: Promotes immunity by causing antibodies to be produced.

Contraindications: immunosuppressed, CA, blood dyscrasia, GG disorders, TB, do not get pregnant for 3 months Side Effects: HA, malaise, rash, pain, erythema, sore throat,

Nursing implications: Watch for anaphylaxis. Give SQ

Trade Name: Dulcolax

Classification: Laxative, stimulant

Use(s): Short term treatment of constipation, bowel or rectal preparation for surgery/examination

Action: Acts directly on the intestines by increasing motor activity

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, rectal problems, N/V, acute abdomen, obstruction

Side Effects: muscle weakness, N/V, cramps

Nursing implications: Assess cause of constipation, monitor blood/urine/electrolytes if used often by the patient. Assess for cramping or rectal bleeding.

Trade Name(s): Yutopar ( ritodrine)

Class: Tocolytic, uterine relaxant.

Ind: Management of premature labor.

Route: PO, IV

Action: frequency & intensity of uterine contractionsby stimulating beta-2 receptors in uterine smooth muscle.

Contra: hypersens, eclampsia, HTN, dysrhythmias, before 20th week of pregnancy, bronchial asthma.

S/E: Erythema, rash, dyspnea, hyperventilation, glycosuria, lactic acidosis, hyperglycemia, Hypokalemia, nervousness, tremors.

RN: Maternal & FHT, EKG, intensity & length of contractions, fluid intake.

Trade Name: RhoGAM

Classification: Immunizing agent

Use(s): Prevention of isoimmunization in Rh negative women who are given Rh positive blood after abortions, miscarriages, and amniocentesisSuppress active antibiody response and formation of anti-Rh(D) in Rh negative clients exposed to Rh positive blood, promotes destruction of Rh positive fetal cells

Action: Suppress the immune response of non-sensitized Rh cells, to sensitized cells, , blocks maternal antibody prodction

Contraindications: Previous immunization with the drug

Side Effects: Irritation at injection site, fever, lethargy, myalgia

Nursing implications: For allergic reactions,

Trade/generic: Pitocin (oxytocin) Syntocinon

Class: Oxytocic

Route: IM, IV, spray

Ind: Stimulates or induces labor; for missed or incomplete Abortion, PPH, preeclampsia, eclampsia, PROM.

Action: Acts directly on myofibrils, producing uterine contractions; stimulates milk ejection by the breast.

Contra: Hypers., serum toxemia, fetal distress, hypert. uterus, PPH, GI disturbance, diapheresis, HA, dizziness.

S/E: Convulsions, tetanic contractions, abruptio placenta, uterine blood flow

RN: I&O, VS, FHT’s

Trade Name(s): Magnesium Sulfate

Classification: Electrolyte, anticonvulsant

Use(s): Smooth muscle relaxant, inhibit or prevent pre-term labor ,uterine hyperstimulation, anticonvulsant

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects: Muscle weakness, flushing, sweating, confusion,sedation, depressed reflexes, flaccidity, paralysis, hypothermia, nausea, vomiting, cramps, hypotension,heart block, circulatory collapse.

Nursing implications: Assess for magnesium toxicity, cramping,bleeding. In PIH prevents seizures. Calcium gluconate is the

antagonist.

Trade Name: MMR vaccine

Classification: vaccine

Use(s): prevention of measles, mumps, and rubella

Action: produces antibodies to measles, mumps and rubella

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, anemia, active infection, allergy to eggs/chickens, pregnancy, febrile illness.

Side Effects: anaphylaxis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, and blindness associated with optic neuritis

Nursing implications: Watch for skin reactions and anaphylaxis, bronchospasm, inability to breathe, must dilute with specific diluent that comes with the medication. Instruct female patients not to get pregnant for 3 months

Trade Name(s): Prostaglandin

Classification: hormone

Use(s): To maintain patent ductus arteriosus

Action: Relaxes the smooth muscle of the ductus arteriosus; this results in increased o2 content in the body

Contraindications: hypersensitivity, respiratory distress syndrome.

Side Effects: Sepsis, peritonitis, apnea, bradycardia, wheezing,respiratory depression, DIC, cerebral bleed, dysrhythmias

Nursing implications: ABG’s, apnea, bradycardia

Gen./Trade Name: Vitamins A, D, E, K

Classification: fat soluble

Use(s): A-night blindness, D-maintains Ca & P homeostasis, E-antioxidant platelet aggregation, K-clotting factors.

Action: Catalysts for biochemical and metabolic reactions.

Contraindications:

Side Effects: Anaphylaxis, N/V, fatigue, weakness, HA. dizziness, lethargy.

Nursing implications: monitor bilirubin, hypersensitivity, bleeding, PT times.

Trade Name: DPT vaccine

Classification: Vaccine, toxoid

Use(s): Prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.

Action: Provides immunity by stimulating antibody/antitoxin production.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, active infection, immunosuppression, and febrile illness

Side Effects: seizures, N/V, anaphylaxis, encephalopathy

Nursing implications: for skin reactions, inability to breath, bronchospasm.

Trade Name: Iron

Classification: Vitamin

Use(s): To prevent maternal deficiency.

Action: Replaces iron stores needed for RBC development

Contraindications:

Side Effects: N/V/D, constipation, black or red tarry stools, epigastric pain.

Nursing implications: Liquid forms should be diluted to prevent discoloration of teeth.

Gen./Trade Name: bile salts (Bilron)

Classification: Digestive agents

Use(s): Initiate bile flow from the liver. Once used to treat pts. w/ biliary fistula & resection of the ileum. Used infrequently today.

Action: Bile salts are converted to cholic acid & chenodeoxycholic acid. They conjugate w/ glycerine & taurine to form bile acids. Then the salts of the bile acids are secreted in the bile.

Contraindications: Hepatic dysfunction, obstruction, N/V, abd. pain.

Side Effects: Abd. cramping, diarrhea, MM resistance to acid, colic, HCl can damage tooth enamel

RN implications: Monitor for abd pain, colic.

Trade Name: Reglan

Classification: cholinergic

Use(s): prevention of nausea and vomiting.

Action: blocks dopamine in the chemoreceptor trigger zone

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to this drug or procainamide, seizure disorders, breast cancer

Side Effects: Sedation, fatigue, restlessness, neutropenia, leukopenia.

Nursing implications: Mental status, GI complaints.

Vitamins B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3, (niacin), B6

(pyridoxine), nicotinamide, C (ascorbic acid)

Classification: Water Soluble

Use(s): B1 -beriberi, B2 -skin, eyes, B3-pellagra, B6 seizures, C-scurvy Action: Catalysts for biochemical and metabolic reactions.

Contraindications:

Side Effects: Generally water soluble vitamins are nontoxic b/c excesses are excreted in urine.

Nursing implications: Monitor for S/S of allergic reactions to parenteral thiamine.

Trade Name: Zofran (ondansetron)

Classification: Antiemetic

Use(s): Prevention of N/V

Action: Blocks serotonin


Side Effects: Diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue.

Nursing implications: For hypersensitivity

Trade Name: Folic Acid

Classification: Vitamin

Use(s): To assist with a normal pregnancy.

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects: Allergic bronchospasm, rash, Pruritis, Erythema, malaise.

Nursing implications: A client trying to get pregnant should take folic acid 3-6 months before conception.

Trade Name: Atropine Sulfate

Classification: Antidysrhythmic, anticholinergic, parasympatholytic

Use(s): Bradycardias, blocks vagal response, pre-surgery to decrease secretions, increase heart rate and dilate pupils

Action: Blocks ACH at parasympathetic receptors, decreases oral and respiratory secretions, muscarinic antagonist drug

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to belladonna alkaloids, tachycardia, GI obstruction, closed angle glaucoma, paralytic ileus

Side Effects: Dry mouth, n/v tachycardia, blurred vision, decrease perspiration, constipation, urinary retention

Nursing implications: I&O, EKG, respiratory status

Trade Name: Calcium

Classification: Electrolyte

Use(s): To manage hypocalcemia, to prevent deficits.

Action:

Contraindications: Hypercalcemia, renal calculi, dig toxicity, V-Fib.

Side Effects: N/V, pain, constipation, drowsiness, muscle weakness, HA.

Nursing implications: Assess the need for Calcium intake.

Trade Name: Riopan

Classification: Antacid

Use(s): Antacid, PUD, gastric ulcers, indigestion.

Action: Neutralizes gastric acidity.

Contraindications: hypersensitivity to this drug or aluminum

Side Effects: Constipation, diarrhea, hypermagnesemia

Nursing implications: GI status, Serum MG++ Levels if decreased liver function. Give after meals and atbedtime

Trade Name: Antivert (meclizine)

Classification: Antiemetic, antihistamine, anticholinergic

Use(s): Vertigo, motion sickness

Action: Acts by blocking the chemoreceptor trigger zone

Contraindications: hypersensitivity to cyclizines, shock.

Side Effects: Drowsiness, fatigue

Nursing implications: V/S, signs of toxicity

Trade Name: Anectine

Classification: Neuromuscular blocker

Use(s): Skeletal muscle relaxant

Action: Inhibits transmission of nerve impulses

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Malignant hypothermia, penetrating eye injuries.

Side Effects: Sinus arrest, dysrhythmias, prolonged apnea, bronchospasm.

Nursing implications: Electrolyte imbalances, I&O ratio, allergic reactions.

Trade Name: Inapsine

Classification: neuroleptic

Use(s): postoperatively for N/V

Action: Acts on CNS at subcortical level, produces, tranquilization, sleep, Antiemetic.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, child <2 years old, pregnancy, lactation.

Side Effects: Laryngospasm, bronchospasm, Tachycardia, hypotension.

Nursing implications: Vital signs.

Trade Name: Tagamet

Classification: H2-histamine receptor antagonist

Use(s): Short term treatment of GERD, duodenal and gastric ulcers

Action: Inhibits histamine at the gastric acid site which inhibits secretion


Side Effects: Convulsions, paralytic ileus, jaundice, neutropenia, increased PTT.

Nursing implications: Assess I&O, bun, Creatine, and a CBC with differential monthly.

Trade Name: Kytril (granisetron)

Classification: Antiemetic

Use(s): Prevention of N/V

Action: Blocks serotonin

Contraindications: hypersensitivity

Side Effects: HA, anxiety, bronchospasm, leukopenia

Nursing implications: For Hypersensitivity reactions

Trade Name: Robinul (glycopyrrolate)

Classification: Cholinergic blocker, anticholinergic

Use(s): decreases secretions before surgery, PUD, Irritable bowel, reduces gastric secretions

Action: Inhibits Ach in the autonomic nervous system

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, narrow angle glaucoma, child <3 Y.O., MI.

Side Effects: Dry mouth, constipation.

Nursing implications: I&O, constipation, mental status.

Trade Name: Gelsolin

Classification:

Use(s):

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects:

Nursing implications:

Trade Name: RID

Classification:

Use(s):

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects:


Trade Name: DNase

Classification:

Use(s):

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects:


Trade Name: Triple Dye

Classification:

Use(s): Prevent infection of umbilical cord and promotes drying of the cord

Action

Contraindications:

Side Effects:


Trade Name: Multi-Vitamins

Classification: Vitamins

Use(s): To prevent birth defects

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects:


Trade Name: Silver nitrate Solution

Classification:

Use(s):

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects:


Trade Name: Bicitra

Classification:

Use(s): Treating metabolic acidosis and certain kidney problems (eg, kidney stones).Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects: Diarrhea; loose stools; nausea; upset stomach; vomiting


Trade Name: Dermoplast

Classification: OTC

Use(s):

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects:


Trade Name: Americain Spray

Classification: OTC

Use(s):

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects:


Trade Name: Masse Cream

Classification: OTC

Use(s):

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects:


Trade Name: Tucks

Classification: Astringents-OTC

Use(s):

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects:


Trade Name: Witch Hazel

Classification: Astringents-OTC

Use(s):

Action:

Contraindications:

Side Effects:


1000 drug cards

Documents