10.1 early ideas about evolution - weebly...theories of geologic change set the stage for...
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
KEY CONCEPT
There were theories of biological and geologic
change before Darwin.
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
Early scientists proposed ideas about evolution.
• Evolution is the biological change process by which
descendants come to differ from their ancestors.
• A species is a group of organisms that can
reproduce and have fertile offspring.
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
• There were many important naturalists in the 18th century.
– Linnaeus: Developed a classification system for all
types of organisms known at the time based upon their
physical similarities.
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
• There were many important naturalists in the 18th century.
– Buffon: Proposed
that species
shared ancestors
and suggested
that Earth is much
older than6000
years.
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
• There were many important naturalists in the 18th century.
– Erasmus Darwin:
Proposed that all
organisms
descended from a
common ancestor,
and that more-
complex forms of life
arose from less-
complex forms.
– Grandfather of
Charles Darwin
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
• There were many important naturalists in the 18th century.
– Lamarck: Proposed that all organisms evolved toward
perfection and complexity and that structures became
larger or smaller with use or disuse.
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
Theories of geologic change set the stage for Darwin’s
theory.
• There were three theories of geologic change.
– catastrophism
– gradualism
– uniformitarianism
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
Theories of geologic change set the stage for Darwin’s
theory.
• Catastrophism -
Natural disasters such
as floods and volcanic
eruptions have shaped
landforms and caused
species to become
extinct.
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
Theories of geologic change set the stage for Darwin’s
theory.
• Gradualism -
Changes in
landforms resulted
from slow changes
over a long period
of time.
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
Theories of geologic change set the stage for Darwin’s
theory.
• Uniformitarianism
- The geologic
processes that
shape Earth are
uniform through
time.
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
• Uniformitarianism is the prevailing theory of
geologic change.