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Design of a Gun Barrel Tank for

Heavy Oil-Water Dehydration

Oil Engineer Challenges

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PRESENTATION TOPICS

Pemex: Organization and Activities

Problem Description:

Is possible D&D heavy crude oil in a Gun Barrel?

Methodology:

Unique Development of Thermophisics model from PVTS

analysis to plug and play on CFX (applied research).

Goals.

Conclusion and next steps.

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They are four subsidiary bodies and besides theres another one Pemex

International, they have been organized to carry out explotation, production,

processing and sale of hydrocarbons and their derivatives.

Pemex

Exploration andProduction

Pemex

Refinement

Pemex Gas and

BasicPetrochemical

Pemex

Petrochemical

Pemex

Internacional

PemexCorporative

PEMEX: ORGANIZATION AND ACTIVITIES

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PEMEX: ORGANIZATION AND ACTIVITIES

The productive chain of PEMEX: Oil Exploration and Production, Oil

Refinement, Process and Conditioning of Gas, and Production of secondary

Petrochemical.

PEMEX

Exploration andProductin

Oil

Oil

Gas and

condensates

Pemex Refinement

Pemex Petrochemical

Exportation

GasolinesDiesel

Combustoleo

Residues

Sales

Ethane

LGP

Natural gasolines

Sulphur

Methane Chain

Aromatics

Ethane Chain

Propane Chain

Natural Gas

Gas

Crudo

Gas

Oil

Reservoir

PemexGas and Basic Petrochemical

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DOS BOCAS MARITIME TERMINAL

Pemex has implemented a technological improvement, with the incorporation of adehydration and desalting system of Maya oil in Dos Bocas Maritime Terminal bymeans of storage tanks of 500 TB converted into Gun Barrel.

This project was developed in Dos Bocas Maritime Terminal located in Ranchera ElLimn S/N Paraso, Tabasco, Mxico.

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SUBSTANTIAL ACTIVITIES IN THE DOS BOCAS MARITIME

TERMINAL.

Oil ReceptionOil

StabilizationDehydration

and DesaltingHouse ofpumps

Storage

Exportation

National

consumption

Separationbattery

GasCompression

Effluent treatmentCPG Cactus

Oil

Blend

Gas-oil

Injection to wellsElectric

generation

Electric powerfor operation ofthe Dos Bocas

DFP

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IS POSSIBLE D&D HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN A GUN BARREL?

0

5

10

15

20

25

Ene Feb Mar Abr May Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dic Ene Feb

20082007

Lnea 1

Lnea 2

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

Ene Feb M ar Abr May Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dic Ene Feb

20082007

Lnea 1

Lnea 2

% Water

SALT PTB

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What can we do?

Stimulate wells

Electrostatic Vessel

Water treatment

...but which one is first?

Gun Barrel

Forecast

Close Production

Nothing to do

IS POSSIBLE D&D HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN A GUN BARREL?

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IS POSSIBLE D&D HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN A GUN BARREL?

LIFECYCLE PROJECTPROCESS

ENGINEERING

FABRICATIONS/

CONSTRUCTION

OPERATIONS &

MAINTENANCEPROJECT

CREATION

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PROJECT EJECUTION

Energy & Mass

Balance.P & IDs

Detailed

DesignRequisition

Procurement

and Building

Project Management

Deliverables Management

Operation

P & IDsProcurement

and Building

Project Management

Deliverables Management

Operation

4 months 5 months 6 months 3 days

Gun Barrel

14 months 1 month

Electrostatic Vessel

5 months4 months

IS POSSIBLE D&D HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN A GUN BARREL?

Energy & Mass

Balance.

Detailed

DesignRequisition

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Heat Oil

Tank

Conversion

Pipeline

Subsea

Oil

Dehydration

&

DesaltingWaterTreatment

IS POSSIBLE D&D HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN A GUN BARREL?

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IS POSSIBLE D&D HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN A GUN BARREL?

DEHYDRATION AND DESALTING IN THE DOS BOCAS

Heating options

Advantages and benefits

1. Avoid the shipment of 130,000 TonsCO2 annual.

2. 5 MMFCD approx. of natual gas notburned.

3. Reduces the temperature of wastecorrespondents gases to the

atmosphere, diminishing the GLOBALHEATING.

Gas

5 MMFCD

Typical Design

Oil

thermal 400C

Ecological Design

RECUPERATOR HEAT

300C

Oilthermal

30C 60C600 TBD

Oil thermal

Dehydrator DesalterExchanger

PROJECT IN CERs

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IS POSSIBLE D&D HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN A GUN BARREL?

PROJECT IN CERTIFIED EMMISION REDUCTION (CERs)

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IS POSSIBLE D&D HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN A GUN BARREL?

In the Gun-Barreltanks the feeding hydrated oil is carried out for thebottom through a distributor.

Conventional hydraulic efficiency in GB 1-21%,best 65-80% (distributor).

DISTRIBUTOR

TANK 500 TB

HOLE 3 AND 9 HS HOLE 5 AND 7 HS

HOLE 3, 5, 7 AND 9 HS

HOLE 3 AND 9 HS HOLE 5 AND 7 HS

HOLE 3, 5, 7 AND 9 HS

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IS POSSIBLE D&D HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN A GUN BARREL?

In the Gun-Barreltanks, the associated water in the oil enters in contact withthe interface, in order to the water drops have coalescence and fall them out,the outputs of dehydrated oil are on the top and the water is drained in thebottom.

Diameter 12in.

Diameter 36in.

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IS POSSIBLE D&D HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN A GUN BARREL?

By mean ANSYS-CFD simulation it was determined that the Gun-Barrel tankwhit 500 TB capacity operates with flows of 450-750 TBD of oil, this ispossible reaching quality with values inside the contractual requirements of0.5% vol. of water and 50 PTB of salt maximum.

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IS POSSIBLE D&D HEAVY CRUDE OIL IN A GUN BARREL?

Internal Gun Barrel tanks Patent Design

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GOALS

Unique system D&D on line for 600 TBD heavy oil.

Permanence in the global market offering quality oil.

Construction record time.

$350 Millions USD by year Penalties off.

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CONCLUSION AND NEXT STEPS

The project expectations were complete covered by the good designdistributor with ANSYS-CFD.

The prediction by ANSYS simulation between the real behavior is alsothe same because the desviation was 1%.

The great real results about this system have broken paradigms, so much

that Pemex is now constructing an additional system.