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Biology 105 – Human Biology

Midterm Exam 2 Part 2

Session 2016Sections

Class LocationDays / Time

Instructor

Fall69003 4 Units2210 / 2030T Th 800 AM – 920 AM LECT 930 AM – 1220 PM LABRIDDELL

Fall69007 4 Units2210 / 2030T Th 800 AM – 920 AM LECTh 930 AM – 1220 PM LABRIDDELL

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM BLOOD

1. The process of blood clotting is an example of which function of blood?A) stabilizing body temperatureB) transporting dissolved gases, nutrients, hormones, and metabolic wastesC) defending against toxins and pathogensD) regulating the pH and ion composition of interstitial fluids throughout the bodyE) restricting fluid losses at injury sites

2. Plasma and interstitial fluid account for most of the volume of ________ in the body.A) serumB) lymphatic fluidC) whole bloodD) extracellular fluidE) packed blood

3. Red blood cells result from the process od sequential _______divisions of multipotent stem cells.A) hemocytopeniaB) mitosisC) meiosisD) differentiationE) progenitor cells

4. In adults, the stem cells responsible for the production of red and white blood cells originate primarily in theA) liver.B) thymus.C) spleen.D) red bone marrow.E) yellow bone marrow.

5. The average life span of a red blood cell is aboutA) 10 daysB) 60 days.C) 120 daysD) almost a yearE) about ½ of a year

6. The function of hemoglobin is toA) bind and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.B) protect the body against infectious agents.C) aid in the process of blood clotting.D) carry nutrients from the intestine to the body's cells.E) absorb and neutralize the acids generated by active tissues.

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7. ________ are the most abundant cell population of the formed elements of blood.A) ErythrocytesB) PlateletsC) NeutrophilsD) LymphocytesE) Monocytes

8. A person's blood type is determined by theA) Genes that specify presence of specific surface antigens on the plasma membrane of the white blood cells.B) shape of the red blood cells.C) chemical character of the hemoglobin.D) Genes that specify presence of specific surface antigens on the plasma membrane of the red blood cells.E) number of specific molecules on the plasma membrane.

9. Agglutinogens of the various blood types are examples ofA) surface antibodies.B) channel proteins.C) leukocytes.D) surface antigens.E) agranulocytes.

10. Type AB blood containsA) A agglutinins on the red blood cells.B) agglutinogen A and agglutinogen B.C) B agglutinogens on the red blood cells.D) B agglutinins in the plasma.E) agglutinin A and B.

11. Raul wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A serum and anti-Rh serum, but not with the anti-B serum. This means

A) Raul could receive type B blood in a transfusion.B) Raul could donate blood to an individual with type AB blood.C) Raul is Rh-negative.D) Raul's plasma would cross-react with type O negative red blood cells.E) Raul's plasma contains anti-B antibodies.

12. The primary function of white blood cells is toA) remove carbon dioxide from active cells.B) clump together and stick to the blood vessel walls.C) carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells.D) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body's cells.E) help defend the body against infectious organisms.

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Identify the following cells by name

Photomicrograph of White Blood Cells Choices

13. Basophil

14. Eosinophil

15. Lymphocyte

16. Macrophage

17. Monocyte

18. Neutrophil

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM VESSELS

19. Thick-walled vessels, which are large and extremely resilient, are called ________ arteries.A) coronaryB) pulmonaryC) elasticD) muscularE) arteriolar

20. The external carotid artery would be classified as an example of a(n) ________ artery.A) anastomoticB) elasticC) conductingD) largeE) muscular

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21. The vessels that permit exchange of materials between the blood and the surrounding interstitial fluid are termedA) capillaries.B) arterioles.C) arteries.D) venules.E) veins.

22. The instrument used to measure blood pressure is the ________.A) stethoscopeB) thermometerC) endoscopeD) sphygmomanometerE) hydrostatic pressure cuff

23. As blood travels through the venous system toward the heart, why do the veins become larger in diameter?A) The transition causes the resistance to increase further so that the flow rate of blood increases.B) The transition causes the resistance to drop further so that the flow rate of blood increases.C) The transition causes the resistance to decrease further so that the flow rate of blood decreases.D) The transition causes the resistance to increase further so that the flow rate of blood decreases.E) The transition reflects no change in the resistance, but causes the flow rate of blood to increase.

24. As blood travels from the aorta toward the capillaries,A) cardiovascular pressure decreases.B) vascular resistance decreases.C) vascular flow increases.D) viscosity decreases.E) both cardiovascular pressure and vascular flow increase.

25. Which hormone is released by the kidneys when blood pressure falls or the oxygen content of the blood becomes abnormally low?

A) ADHB) ANPC) angiotensin IID) erythropoietinE) renin

26. How do the arteries of the pulmonary circuit differ from those of the systemic circuit?A) They branch more than those of the systemic circuit.B) Their vessels' diameters are narrower.C) The tunic composition of their vessel walls is generally thicker.D) They carry oxygen-poor blood.E) There are valves in the branching arteries of the pulmonary circuit.

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27. The ________ divides the aorta into a superior thoracic aorta and an inferior abdominal aorta.A) pericardiumB) mediastinumC) diaphragmD) peritoneumE) pleura

28. The vessel that receives most of the blood from organs inferior to the diaphragm is theA) internal jugular vein.B) external jugular vein.C) superior vena cava.D) inferior vena cava.E) coronary sinus.

29. The two common iliac veins form theA) femoral vein.B) popliteal vein.C) inferior vena cava.D) lumbar vein.E) great saphenous vein.

30. The vessel that passes deep to the clavicle and supplies blood to the arm, shoulder, chest wall, back, and spinal cord is called the ________.

A) internal thoracic arteryB) vertebral arteryC) thyrocervical trunkD) subclavian arteryE) brachial artery

31. The strong pulse that is felt by pressing gently along either side of the trachea usually indicates the location of the ________.

A) internal jugular veinB) vertebral arteryC) external carotid arteryD) vertebral veinE) cephalic vein

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Name these Vessels, Valves and Chambers

32. Identify !

33. Identify ?

34. Identify @

35. Identify %

36. Identify #

37. Identify $

38. Identify &

Schematic CODE Choices

ABCDE

ABACADAEBCBDBECDCEDE

ABCABDABEACD

Abdominal Inferior Vena CavaAbdominal Superior Vena CavaAortic ArchAortic ValveAscending AortaCoronary ArteryCoronary SinusDescending Abdominal AortaDescending Thoracic AortaDescending Vena CavaHead and neckInterventricular SeptumL AV ValveLower LimbsPulmonary ValveR AV ValveThoracic Inferior Vena CavaThoracic Superior Vena CavaUpper Limbs

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CARDIOVASCCULARSYSTEM HEART

39. The heart AND PERIARDIUM ARE LOCATED WITHIN THE by theA) pleural cavity.B) peritoneal cavity.C) cardiac skeleton.D) mediastinum.E) coronary sinus.

40. The wall between the atria is called theA) ventricle.B) coronary sinus.C) coronary sulcus.D) auricle.E) interatrial septum.

41. The loose-fitting sac around the heart is lined by theA) parietal pericardium.B) epicardium.C) endocardium.D) parietal myocardium.E) parietal endocardium.

42. The innermost layer of the heart wall is theA) mediastinum.B) parietal pericardium.C) epicardium.D) myocardium.E) endocardium.

43. Blood returning directly from the systemic circulation enters theA) right atrium.B) right ventricle.C) left atrium.D) left ventricle.E) pulmonary trunk.

44. The tricuspid valve is locatedA) in the opening of the aorta.B) in the opening of the pulmonary trunk.C) where the vena cavae join the right atrium.D) between the right atrium and right ventricle.E) between the left atrium and left ventricle.

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45. The left and right coronary arteries supply blood to the muscle tissue of theA) intestines.B) head.C) brain.D) heart.E) liver.

46. The heart is surrounded by the ________ cavity.A) peritonealB) valvularC) cardiacD) coronaryE) pericardial

47. The ________ circuit carries blood to and from all parts of the body except the lungs.A) pulmonaryB) coronaryC) systemicD) systolicE) diastolic

48. The muscle layer of the heart is the ________.A) epicardiumB) myocardiumC) endocardiumD) visceral pericardiumE) endothelium

49. ________ permit the exchange of nutrients, dissolved gases, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues.

A) VeinsB) ArteriesC) Arterial trunksD) CapillariesE) Vena cavae

50. The right ventricle pumps blood to theA) left atrium.B) left ventricle.C) lungs.D) systemic circuit.E) right atrium.

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51. The first blood vessels to branch from the pulmonary trunk are theA) pulmonary arteries.B) bronchial arteries.C) circumflex arteries.D) carotid arteries.E) subclavian arteries.

52. The pulmonary arteries carry blood to theA) heart.B) lungs.C) brain.D) kidneys.E) pancreas.

53. The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart.1. right atrium2. left atrium3. right ventricle4. left ventricle5. vena cavae6. aorta7. pulmonary trunk8. pulmonary veins

What is the correct order for the flow of blood entering from the systemic circulation?A) 1, 2, 7, 8, 3, 4, 6, 5B) 1, 7, 3, 8, 2, 4, 6, 5C) 5, 1, 3, 7, 8, 2, 4, 6D) 5, 3, 1, 7, 8, 4, 2, 6E) 5, 1, 3, 8, 7, 2, 4, 6

54. Which of the following is greatest during left ventricular systole?A) the pressure in the ventricleB) the pressure in the aortaC) the pressure in the left atriumD) the pressure in the arteriesE) the pressure in the right atrium

55. The second heart sound ("dup") is produced as the atrioventricular valves ________ and the semilunar valves ________.

A) open; closeB) close; openC) open; openD) close; closeE) The actions of the valves do not contribute to the heart sounds.

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56. Following are events that occur during the cardiac cycle.1. Ventricular pressure increases and exceeds pressure in the arteries.2. Ventricles fill passively.3. Atrial relaxation begins.4. Atrial contraction forces a small amount of additional blood into relaxed ventricles.5. Pressure in ventricles drops and blood flows back against cusps of semilunar valves, forcing them closed.6. Ventricular contraction pushes AV valves closed.Choose the correct order of events in the cardiac cycle.A) 4, 6, 3, 1, 2, 5B) 2, 4, 3, 6, 1, 5C) 3, 6, 1, 5, 4, 2D) 2, 5, 1, 6, 3, 4E) 4, 3, 6, 1, 5, 2

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM, MALE & FEMALE

57. The primary organ(s) of the male reproductive system is(are) the ________.A) prostateB) testesC) bulbo-urethral glandsD) epididymisE) glans

58. What is the function of the gonads?A) secrete fluids into the reproductive system ducts or other excretory ductsB) connect the uterus with the exteriorC) receive and transport the gametesD) produce the gametes and hormonesE) enclose and support a developing embryo

59. ________ are produced at the end of the meiotic divisions in the seminiferous tubules.A) SpermatogoniaB) Primary spermatocytesC) SpermatidsD) Secondary spermatocytesE) Spermatozoa

60. In males, meiosis involves ________ cycle(s) of cell division and produces ________ cells, or gametes, each containing 23 individual chromosomes.

A) one; fourB) two; fourC) one; six

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D) two; twoE) four; four

61. The anterior surface of the flaccid (nonerect) penis covers two cylindrical columns of erectile tissues called (the)A) glans penis.B) prepuce.C) corpus spongiosum.D) corpora cavernosa.E) penile urethra.

62. The portion of erectile tissue that surrounds the urethra is theA) prepuce.B) glans.C) corpus spongiosum.D) corpora cavernosa.E) corona radiate

63. 2The tubular gland that produces a secretion that contains fructose, is slightly alkaline, and contributes about 60 percent to the volume of the semen is the

A) prostate gland.B) bulbourethral gland.C) corpus cavernosum.D) seminal vesicle.E) preputial gland.

64. The following is a list of structures of the male reproductive tract.1 - ductus deferens2 - urethra3 - ejaculatory duct4 - epididymis

The correct order in which spermatozoa pass through these structures from the testes to the penis isA) 1, 3, 4, 2.B) 4, 3, 1, 2.C) 4, 1, 2, 3.D) 4, 1, 3, 2.E) 1, 4, 3, 2.

65. The female structure that is derived from the same embryonic structures as the penis in males is theA) vagina.B) clitoris.C) vestibule.D) labia minora.E) labia majora.

66. The hormone responsible for the development and maintenance of female secondary sexual characteristics is

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A) estrogen.B) progesterone.C) LH.D) FSH.E) gonadotropin.

67. The tubular structure of the uterus that projects a short distance into the vagina is called theA) urethra.B) ejaculatory duct.C) cervix.D) perimetrium.E) isthmus.

68. The shallow recess surrounding the cervical protrusion is known as theA) isthmus.B) fornix.C) fundus.D) body.E) os.

69. The anterior enlargement of erectile tissue in females is known as theA) fornix.B) vestibule.C) hymen.D) clitoris.E) isthmus.

70. The reddish brown skin that surrounds the nipple is called theA) vestibule.B) fornix.C) zona pellucida.D) hymen.E) areola.

71. The process of oogenesis produces ________ viable ovum/ova.A) oneB) twoC) threeD) fourE) eight

72. The average length of the uterine (menstrual) cycle is ________ days.A) 5B) 14C) 20D) 28E) 37

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73. During the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle, LH levels remain elevated for ________, long enough to stimulate the formation of a functional corpus luteum.

A) 5 daysB) 24 hoursC) 7 daysD) 2 daysE) 6 hours

74. Oogenesis beginsA) by age 5.B) at puberty.C) by age 10.D) at birth.E) during embryonic development.

75. The ________ is a layer of follicle cells that surrounds the oocyte on day 14 of a 28-day cycle.A) antrumB) zona pellucidaC) corona radiataD) corpus albicansE) isthmus

76. In females, mammary glands are specialized organs of the ________ system that are controlled by hormones of the reproductive system.

A) endocrineB) nervousC) integumentaryD) muscularE) skeletal

77. The ovary does not release a mature gamete. Instead, a ________ is released.A) oocyteB) oogoniaC) primary oocyteD) secondary oocyteE) zygote

78. The principal hormone secreted by the corpus luteum, which prepares the uterus for pregnancy, isA) LH.B) FSH.C) progesterone.

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D) estradiol.E) estrogen.

79. The time in which ovulation and menstruation cease is called ________.A) oogenesisB) menarcheC) andropauseD) menopauseE) climacteric

GREEK LATIN Lexicon

Greek / Latin CODE Common Name

80. Ana

81. Arthro

82. Cephal

83. Cerebro

84. Cervic

85. Cost

86. Cranio

87. Endo

88. Femin

89. Intra

90. Mono

91. Ology

92. Phalang

93. Squam

94. Tars

95. Tomy

96. Xiph

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

Ankle

Arm

Brain

Cartilage

Close Formation, Fingers, Toes

Female

Head

Inside

Joint

Know

Neck

Rib

Scale

Single

Skull

Study

Sword

To Cut

Up, Back

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ACE Within

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