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21st APAN,Jan.22,2006,Tokyo

Yukio Haruyama

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

GEOSS 10-Year Implementation Plan &

JAXA contribution in Asia Pacific

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Earth Observation Summit I

U.S. Department of State, Washington DCJuly 31, 2003

34 Countries and 20 International Organizations

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Earth Observation Summit I: Declaration

• Linked to WSSD & G8 outcomes• Affirmed need for:

– Comprehensive, coordinated, sustained Earth observation system or systems; – Coordinated effort to address capacity-building

needs related to Earth observations;– Exchange of observations in a full and open manner

with minimum time delay and minimum cost; – Preparing a 10-year Implementation Plan, building

on existing systems and initiatives• Created the ad hoc Group on Earth Observations

(ad hoc GEO)

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Earth Observation Summit II

Hotel Okura, Tokyo, Japan April 25, 2004

47 Countries and 26 International Organizations

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Earth Observation Summit II: Framework Document

This set out nine societal benefit topics to be derived through Global Earth Observation System of Systems, GEOSS.

Nine Societal Benefit Areas

1. Reduction and Prevention of Disasters2. Human Health 3. Energy Management4. Climate Change5. Water Resource Management6. Weather Forecasting7. Ecosystems8. Agriculture and Desertification9. Biodiversity

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Earth Observation Summit III

Palais d’Egmont, Brussels, BelgiumFebruary 16, 2005

Nearly 60 Countries, EC and over 40 International Organizations

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Earth Observation Summit III: Resolution

• Affirmed link to WSSD & G8 outcomes

• Endorsed : GEOSS 10-Year Implementation Plan

• Noted with appreciation the extensive supporting material in its companion Reference Document

• Established :Group on Earth Observations (GEO)

• Issued special communiqué relating to support for tsunami and multi-hazard warning systems

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Group on Earth Observations (GEO)GEO Plenary

Executive Committee

Capacity Building

Architecture & Data

Science & Technology

User Interface

Expert Communiti

es

Director

Management Team

Work Plan Team

Standing Committees GEO Secretariat

Coordination & Facilitation

Advice & Requirements

Dialogue

Inputs Coordination

Guidance & Participation

Leadership Oversight

Implementation & Guidance

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GEO Members (58 Countries & EC)• Algeria• Argentina• Australia• Belgium• Belize• Brazil• Cameroon• Canada• Central

African Republic

• Chile• China• Croatia• Cyprus• Denmark• Egypt• European

Commission

• Russian Federation

• Slovak Republic• South Africa • Spain• Sudan• Sweden • Switzerland • Thailand• Tunisia• Ukraine• United Kingdom• United States• Uzbekistan

• Finland

• France• Germany• Greece• Guinea-

Bissau• Honduras• Iceland• India• Indonesia• Iran• Ireland• Israel• Italy

• Japan

• Kazakhstan

• Luxembourg

• Malaysia

• Mali

• Mauritius

• Mexico

• Morocco

• Nepal

• Netherlands

• New Zealand

• Niger• Nigeria• Norway• Portugal• Republic of

Korea• Republic of the

Congo

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GEO Participating Organizations (43 international and regional organizations)• AARSE• ADIE• APN• CEOS• ECMWF• EEA• ESA• ESEAS• EUMETNET• EUMETSAT• EuroGeoSurveys• FAO• FDSN• GCOS• GSDI• GOOS• GTOS

• IAG• ICSU• IEEE• IGBP• IGFA• IGOS-P• IISL• INCOSE• IO3C• IOC• ISCGM• ISDR• ISPRS• OGC• POGO• SICA/CCAD• SOPAC

• UNCBD

• UNEP

• UNESCO

• UNFCCC

• UNITAR

• UNOOSA

• UNU-EHS

• WCRP

• WMO

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GEO Next Steps after Summit III

• Transition GEO Secretariat operations to Geneva, Switzerland (WMO Building)

• Establish Work Plan Team till end of Dec. 2005• Establish GEO Executive Committee (GEO-I, May

2005)• Assign GEO Secretariat Director (Jose Achache)

on Sep.1st 2005.• Establish 4 Subcommittees

– Science & Technology, Architecture & Data, User Interface, Capacity Building

• Initiate 2005 GEOSS Activities • Develop 2006 GEOSS Work Plan

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GEO-I3-4 May

Dec.Nov.Oct.Sep.Aug.Jul.Jun.MayApr.Mar.

Feb.

EOS-III16 Feb.

GEO-II 14-15 Dec.

WPT Reportat GEO-I

Approval of WP at

GEO-II

Release of 2005 Activities

Preparation of 2005 Activities

Monitoring/coordination of 2005 Activities

WP V0 WP V1 WP V2

Preparation of 2006 Work Plan

WPT 1st Mtg. at WMO

2005 Schedule

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2006 Work Plan Development

• Starting point: 2-, 6-, and 10-Year Targets (as per 10-Year Implementation Plan Reference Document)

• Initial focus on 107 2-Year Targets (completion of tasks expected by end of 2007)

• Translation of 2-Year Targets into concrete tasks/activities with the support of external organizations / experts

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Five Transverse Areas

1. User Engagement (3)2. Architecture (11)3. Data Management (9)4. Capacity Building (3)5. Outreach (7)

Nine Societal Benefit Areas

1. Disasters (14) 2. Health (5)3. Energy (6)4. Climate (6)5. Water (7)6. Weather (5)7. Ecosystems (7)8. Agriculture (7)9. Biodiversity (5)

2006 Work Plan: 95 Tasks + GEO-Netcast

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For more information about GEO & GEOSS

• GEO web site: http://earthobservations.org

• Following information is available via web site;– How to join GEO– Official documents, including 10-

Year Implementation Plan, and accompanying Reference Document

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Earth System Models　・ Oceans　・ Cryosphere　・ Land　・ Atmosphere　・ Solid Earth　・ Biosphere

Decision Support

・ Assessment・ Decision Support Systems

Observations

Ongoing feedback to optimize value, reduce gaps, and account for human activity

GEOSS

Standards & Interoperability

Management Decisions

Policy Decisions

Prediction and AnalysisHigh Performance Computing;CommunicationVisualization

Other Data SourcesSocio-economic data

Earth Observation Systems・ In Situ・ Airborne・ Space-based

GEOSSGEOSS(Global Earth Observation System of Systems)(Global Earth Observation System of Systems)

Disasters

EnergyEnergy Climate WaterHealth WeatherEcosystems Agriculture

Biodiversity

9 Societal Benefit Areas9 Societal Benefit Areas

Assimilation

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JAXA Earth Observation for GEOSS

GlobalWarming

and CarbonCycle

Change

CarbonDioxide(CO2),Methane(CH4),

etc.

2006

Sea Surafec WindVector, etc.

JapaneseContribution Field 2003 2004

Cloud OpticalThickness,

Aerosol OpticalThickness, Land

Biomass, etc.

ClimateChange

includingWaterCycle

Variation

3D structure ofPrecipitation, Soil

Moisture, etc.

Reductionand

Preventionof

Disasters

2012

CrustalMovements

Amount, Biomass,Flood Area, etc.

2008 2009 20102005 2007 20192017

3D structure ofCloud and

Aerosol, etc.

Precipitation,Water Vapor, Sea

SurfaceTemperature, etc.

Land Change,Volcanic Ash Fall,Flood Area, etc.

20162011Observation Parameter 2013 2014 2015 2018

ALOS / PRISM, AVNIR-2

GOSAT / Greenhouse Gas Observation Sensor (GOS)ADEOS-II/ILAS-II

Aqua /AMSR-E

ADEOS-II/AMSR

ADEOS-II Follow-on #2/GLI Follow-on Sensor

ADEOS-II Follow-on #1/AMSR Follow-on Sensor

ADEOS-II/GLI

EarthCARE /CPR

Next Disaster Monitoring Mission

GPM /DPR (Dual Frequency Precipitation Radar)TRMM /PR

ALOS / PALSAR

Terra /ASTER

ADEOS-II Follow-on #1/Microwave Scatterometer

Next Greenhouse Gas Observation Satellite

ADEOS-II/SeaWinds

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Advanced Land Observing Satellite <ALOS>

Japanese Earth Resources Satellite-1

(JERS-1)

© JAXA

ALOS

Enhanced land-observation technology

© JAXA

© JAXA

PRISMPanchromatic Remote sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping

PALSAR Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar

© JAXA AVNIR-2 Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer type 2

• Disaster monitoring• Cartography• Regional observation• Resources surveying

Advanced Earth Observing Satellite

(ADEOS)

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Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite <GOSAT>

Number and distribution of ground-based CO2 monitoring stations is not enough.Satellite data from global and frequent observation is needed.

~’91 ’92~

Observing Station

Provided by NIES

GOSAT

© JAXA

Objectives•To observe the distribution of the concentration of CO2 and to confirm both the amounts and the area of CO2 sources and sinks.

•To observe the distribution of the concentration of other greenhouse gases e.g. CH4 in order to understand global warming more precisely.

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Global Precipitation Mission <GPM>

GPM is a follow-on and expanded mission of the current on-going TRMM

Improve the accuracy of both long-term and short-　　　　　　　 term weather forecasts

Improve water resource management in river control and irrigation systems for agriculture

Core SatelliteDual-frequency precipitation radar (DPR)

Microwave radiometer (GMI) •Precipitation with high precision •Discrimination between rain and snow

Constellation SatellitesMicrowave radiometer

•Global precipitation every three hours

Core Satellite

Constellation Satellites

TRMM Era GPM Era

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ADEOS-II Follow-on Mission (GCOM) JAXA will propose a series of satellites for

establishing GEOSS mainly focused on observations of global warming, water cycle and disaster.

The series of satellites, GCOM (Global Climate Observation Mission), consist of 2 satellite series:

GCOM-W: Sea surface observation mission with AMSR F/O and scatterometer.

GCOM-C: Atmospheric and terrestrial observation mission with GLI F/O.