11 ar 23, farrukh nadeem deep fuondation
TRANSCRIPT
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DEEP FONDATION
PRESNTED BY,
FARRUKH NADEEM
B.ARCH. 3RD YEAR
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WHAT IS FOUNDATION?
A foundation is a structure that transfer the loads
to the earth or the supporting ground.
The supporting ground could be soil, rock or
sea bed.
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FUNCTION OF FOUNDATION
Transfer the load into ground.
Prevent settlement of
structure.
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Prevent possible movement of structure due toperiodic shrinkage or swelling of subsoil.
Allow building over water.
Resist lateral forces due to soil movement.
Resist uplifting or
overturning forces due to
wind
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THERE ARE TWO BASIC TYPE OF
FOUNDATIONS;
1.SHALLOW FOUNDATION
Shallow foundation transfer the load to the soil
at the base of the sub- structure.2.DEEP FOUNDATION
Deep fondation transfer the load far below the
sub-structure.
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TYPES OF DEEP FUNDATION
WELL FONDATION
PILE FOUNDATION
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WELL FOUNDATION
ADVANTAGE OF WELL FOUNDATION
Well foundation provides a solid and massive
foundation for heavy load.
Well are hollow and most of the material is at
periphery. This provide large sectional modulus with
minimum area.
It is possible to sink well at greater depth without
any difficulty.
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PARTSOF WELL
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COMMON TYPE OF WELL
FOUNDATION
CIRCULAR
ADVANTAGE
Simplicity in
constructionEase in sinking
Chances of tilting are
minimum
DISADVANTAGE
Costly
Maximum length is about 11m.
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DOUBLED WELL
ADVANTAGE
Greater lateral stability.
Used in long bridges.
DISADVANTAGE
More prone to tilt.
Vertical cracks developed.
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PILE FOUNDATIONS
Piled foundation is a form of foundation usingpiles to transfer the loads of a structure down to a
firm soil stratum with sufficient load-taking
capacity.
MATERIALS FOR THE PILES CAN BE OF:
Timber
Concrete
Steel piles in horcircular section
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WHEN IS IT NEEDED?
Top layers of soil are highly compressible .
Lateral forces are relatively prominent.In presence of expansive and collapsible soils at the
site.
Offshore structures
Strong uplift forces on shallow foundations due to
shallow.
For structures near flowing water (bridge abutments,
etc.)To avoid the problems due to erosion.
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PILED FOUNDATION DEPENDS ON
SEVERAL FACTORS, SUCH AS:
Depth of sound subsoil.
Constituents and nature of subsoil (e.g. Existing of
boulders, cohesive/non-cohesive nature of soil etc.)
Loading condition of pile
Layout of the structure
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LOADING SUPPORTS TO PILE
End-bearingload is support byresting onto a firm stratum such as
bed-rock or stratum of subsoil withthe required bearing capacity.
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Skin frictionload issupport by the frictional
resistance so created between
the contact surface of the pile
and the embracing soil.
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TYPES OF PILES
STEEL PILES
PIPE PILES
ROLLED STEEL H-SECTION PILES
CONCRETE PILES
PRE-CAST PILES
CAST-IN-SITU PILES
BORED-IN-SITU PILES
TIMBER PILES
COMPOSITE PILES
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STEEL PILES:USUAL LENGTH: 15 M60 M
USUAL LOAD: 300 KN1200 KN
ADVANTAGE:Relatively less hassle during installation and easy to
achieveCut-off level.
High driving force may be used for fast installation
Good to penetrate hard strata
Load carrying capacity is high
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DISADVANTAGE:
Relatively expensive Noise pollution during installation
Corrosion
Bend in piles while driving
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CONCRETE PILES:PRE-CAST PILES:
USUAL LENGTH: 10 M45 M
USUAL LOAD: 7500 KN8500 KN
ADVANTAGE:
Relatively cheap It can be easily combined with
Concrete
Corrosion resistant
It can bear hard drivingDISADVANTAGE:
Difficult to transport.
Difficult to achieve desired
Cut-off.
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FOUNDATION USING STEEL H-PILE
FEATURES OF H-PILE:
Variety of standard pile sizes to fit different loading
requirement
Guaranteed integrity of pile
Ease of handling & driving.
Easy to connect piles by site welding.
Able to penetrate small boulders (certain deflection may
occur)Allow for buckling if driven to greater depth
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FOUNDATION USING PRECAST
CONCRETE PILE:
FEATURES OF CONCRETE PILE:
Maximum allowable loads up to
3000 kN per pilePiles made of high strength concrete up to 75 mpa
Easy to connect by welding the embedded steel end
plate to lengthen pile to reach required depth
Relatively reliable if handle and drive properly.
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THANKS