11.3.10

Agenda

The Scientific Revolution

Enlightenment and Revolution

1550 - 1789

The Roots of Modern Science

Drill - would you deny an idea you knew was true?

Section 1: The Scientific Revolution

Homework – Just READ ch. 10, section 1

Pages 302 - 309

Chapter 10: Revolution and Enlightenment1550 - 1789

The Medieval ViewThe earth = center of universeSun revolves around earthGeocentric idea came from AristotleChristianity suggested that earth was the

center of everything and God had intentionally made it that way

Geocentric ModelAristotleThe Earth = Center of universe

Scientific RevolutionNew way of thinking about the natural

worldSparked when Muslim scholarly work was

translated during Middle AgesRenaissance and printing press helped

spread ideas that were previously repressed by the church

Scientists observed the world and started to challenge ancient beliefs

Revolutionary Model of UniverseCopernicus Heliocentric version of Universe »

Heliocentric Theory Geocentric idea did NOT explain why the

moon, sun and planets all movedCopernicus was the first one to think that

everything revolved around the sun, not the earth

Kepler came after Copernicus died, and used mathematical formulas to figure out planetary motion

Galileo’s DiscoveriesEach swing of a pendulum takes the same

amount of timeFalling objects move at a Fixed and predictable ratePublished a book called Starry MessengerDescribed that the moon and stars are not smooth, rather rough and

uneven

Conflicts with the ChurchGalileo went against church teachings

and authoritiesHad to go in front of the Pope after he

published the ideas of both Copernicus and Ptolemy – his ideas were against the church’s beliefs

Galileo signed a confession in front of the court saying he denied Copernicus. The church and its cardinals threatened him with torture if he didn’t take back his ideas… so Galileo did. Alas, he was a bit of a wuss.

GalileoNot a great looking

guy, but how smart was he?

I would lie under oath to avoid torture. Wouldn’t you?

The Scientific MethodFrancis Bacon New approach to

scienceLogical procedure

for gathering and testing ideas

Bacon loved science and believed the more people learned of the world, the more people’s lives would be improved

Using your notes and only your notes, make FIVE questions that I can use on tomorrow’s quiz.

This will be collected

More Scientific RevolutionBacon didn’t believe in anything without a

reasonable experimentEmpiricism = experimental method, that

conclusions should only come from proof

Scientific Revolutionaries Decartes Used math and logic Came up with the idea “I

think, therefore I am.”

Isaac Newton Great English scientist Developed the theory of

motion

The Law of GravityThe same force rules the planets,

pendulums, Ms. Hooks’ wheelchair etc.Discovered the “law of universal

gravitation” – every object in the universe attracts every other object, the degree depends on the mass and distance between them

Compared universe to a complex clock and said God was the Great Clockmaker

The Scientific Revolution SpreadsPeople invented

microscopes and figured out how to read temperature

Figured out a lot about the human body, too

Boyle = science guy who figured out Boyle’s law

Robert Boyle

More discoveriesAnother guy figured out how to separate

pure gas from air: gas oxygenOrderly, rational and industrious people –

saw themselves as “enlightened”Leads us into the Enlightenment…