11.6 kingdom animalia_platy_nematode_annelids (1 hour)

7/30/2019 11.6 Kingdom Animalia_Platy_Nematode_Annelids (1 Hour)

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Powerpoint@lecture Slides Are Prepared By Biology Lecturer, KMPk

CHAPTER 11

BIODIVERSITY
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PREVIOUS LECTURE


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11.6.3 PHYLUM

PLATYHELMINTHES


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OBJECTIVES

Describe the unique characteristics of

Platyhelminthes

State the classification of Platyhelminthes into

4 classes:

Class Cestoda (Taenia)

Class Trematoda (Fasciola)

Class Turbellaria (Planaria)

Class Monogenea (Dactylogyrus)


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Unique Characteristics of

PlatyhelminthesPlatyhelminth --- flat worm

Bilaterally symmetrical

Unsegmented

Acoelomate

Triploblastic


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Shows cephalization Development of head region.

No specialized circulatory or respiratorystructure

Gas exchange occur by diffusion

Incomplete digestive system

Has mouth but no anus


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Excretory system

Protonephridia

2 lateral canals with

branches bearing

flame cells


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Incomplete digestive system No anus

No circulatory system Gaseous exchange occurs throughout the body

Nervous system


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Parasitic Except Class

Turbellaria


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Class Cestoda

eg: Taenia

Class Turbellaria

eg: Planaria

Class Trematoda

eg: Fasciola

CLASSIFICATION

Class Monogenea

eg: Dactylogyrus


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mouthFlattened body

Ventral suckerExcretory pore

Genital opening


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11.6.4 PHYLUM

NEMATODAeg : Roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides)


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OBJECTIVES


Nematoda


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Unique Characteristics of Phylum

Nematoda Unsegmented

Bilaterally symmetry

Tripoblastic

Pseudocoelomate

Elongated, round

worms

with a tapered tail &

blunt head


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Most are free living

found in fresh water, marine,

moist soil, tissues

Some are parasitic

Endoparasite

found in guts of humans,

pig and tissues of plant


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Unisexual

separate sexes in most

species

female is much bigger &

longer than male


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Complete alimentary

canal

with separate mouth &

anus

No circulatory &

respiratory systems


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Excretory system

has an anus

a series of excretory tubes that end in an

excretory pore

Have hydrostatic skeleton

move by contracting muscles on alternating sides

of the body


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Body is covered with smooth cuticle (thick

flexible cuticle)

- provides protection

- reduces H2O loss

- withstand hydrostatic pressure of

pseudocoelom


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11.6.5 PHYLUM ANNELIDA


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OBJECTIVES


Annelida

State the classification of Annelida into three

classes:

Class Oligochaeta (earthworm: Pheretima)

Class Polychaeta (rag worm: Nereis)

Class Hirudinea (leech : Hirudo)


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Annelida

Free-living, terrestrial or

aquatic form


Tripoblastic

Coelomates


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Chitinous setae

each segment has

setae to assist

movement

Closed blood

circulation system


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Metamericsegmentation

Division of body into a

number of segments

each contains same

organs (muscles, blood

vessels, nerves)


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Nervous & sensory system are present

Excretory system

- consists of a pair of

nephridium for

each segment


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Complete digestive system:

mouth, long tube &

anus

digestive tract withanterior mouth &

posterior anus

one-way digestive tract


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Annelida

Unsegmented


Tripoblastic

Pseudocoelomates


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Body wall

Epithelium

Circular muscle

Longitudinal muscle

Muscular body wall

(two layers of muscles)

- circular muscle (outer)

- longitudinal muscles (inner)


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Classification

Class Oligochaeta (earthworm: Pheretima)

Class Polychaeta (rag worm: Nereis)

Class Hirudinea (leech : Hirudo)


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Roles of

Annelida

Soil aeration

Burrowing activity

Permits greater

penetration of air into the

soil

Improves the drainage

capacity of the soil

Suitable for growing crop


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Medical use

Leeches used to suck blood out of patients

Release anti-coagulant (heparin) to prevent

blood clotting

11 6 6 PHYLUM


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11.6.6 PHYLUM

ARTHROPODA

11.6 kingdom animalia_platy_nematode_annelids (1 hour)

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