12 · 2017. 6. 6. · institute of aeronautics and space (lapan), are privileged to host porsec...

12th Biennial Conference of Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference

(PORSEC) 2014

"Ocean Remote Sensing for

Sustainable Resources"

04 – 07 November 2014, Bali-Indonesia

ISBN 978-602-72335-0-8

ii

12th Biennial Conference of Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference (PORSEC) 2014


Sustainable Resources" 04 – 07 November 2014, Bali-Indonesia

Scientific Committee: Prof. Dr. Dan Ling Tang Prof. Dr. Bonar P. Pasaribu Prof. Dr. Made Sudiana Mahendra Dr. Orbita Roswintiarti Dr. Kristina Katsaros Dr. Antony Liu Dr. Masahisa Kubota Editors: Prof. Dr. Tasuku Tanaka YAMAGUCHI Univ. – Japan Dr. Gad Levy NWRA – USA Dr. James Gower DFO – Canada Dr. Ir. I Wayan Nuarsa UDAYANA Univ. – Indonesia Dr. Wikanti Asriningrum LAPAN – Indonesia Ir. Wawan K. Harsanugraha, M.Si LAPAN – Indonesia ISBN 978-602-72335-0-8 JAKARTA, March 2015

iii

12th Biennial Conference of Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference (PORSEC) 2014


Sustainable Resources"

04 – 07 November 2014, Bali-Indonesia All papers in this book have been selected by the scientific committee.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, downloaded, disseminated, published, or transferred in any form or by any means, except with the prior written permission of, and with express attribution to the author.

The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot any legal

responsibility or liability for any errors that may be made.

ISBN 978-602-72335-0-8 JAKARTA, March 2015

iv

Preface

Since its establishment in 1990, the Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference

(PORSEC) has rapidly gained global status as one of the most prestigious

Remote Sensing Conference in the world, with a scope covering all world

oceans. PORSEC is an organization dedicated to helping developing nations

stimulate their science programs with focus on the applications of remote

sensing technology in Ocean Sciences. PORSEC has provided over a decade of

effort with scientists from over thirty countries participating in conferences

once every two years.

The Indonesian National University of Udayana, together with National

Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN), are privileged to host PORSEC

2014, the Twelfth Biennial Conference with the theme “Ocean Remote Sensing

for Sustainable Resources” in Denpasar – Bali, Indonesia during November 4th-

7th, 2014.

The conference reviewed and discussed the state of ocean remote sensing and

will help scientists and students involved in ocean-atmosphere studies using

remote sensing techniques to benefit from interactions with the experts

participating from all over the globe. The conference also provide an

opportunity to showcase the research work carried out using remote sensing

techniques from various satellite missions and the applications of ocean

remote sensing for societal benefits.

The successful completion of the PORSEC 2014 Proceedings is the result of the

cooperation, confidence, and endurance of many people. All contributions are

greatly appreciated. It is impossible to overestimate the importance of their

efforts in helping us meet deadlines, their insights in editing, and their donation

of time.

Jakarta, March 2015

Editors

v

Local Organizing Committee

PORSEC 2014

Steering:

Orbita Roswintiarti National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

I Made Suastra

A.A. Raka Sudewi Udayana University, Indonesia

Udayana University, Indonesia

Responsible Person:

Rokhis Khomarudin National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Made Budiarsa Udayana University, Indonesia

Chair Person:

Made Sudiana Mahendra Udayana University, Indonesia

Syarif Budhiman National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Co-Chair Person:

Maryani Hartuti National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Takahiro Osawa Udayana University, Indonesia

Budiarsa Suyasa Udayana University, Indonesia

Hamidah Yunus Udayana University, Indonesia

Members:

Winanto National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Ketut Budiartawan Udayana University, Indonesia

Noer Syamsu National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Gathot Winarso National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

vi

I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang Udayana University, Indonesia

Nyoman Arto Suprapto Udayana University, Indonesia

Teguh Prayogo National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Hanggar Prasetyo Kadarisman Udayana University, Indonesia

Ety Parwati National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Rossi Hamzah National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

I Gede Nyoman Konsumajaya Udayana University, Indonesia

Abd.Rahman As-Syakur Udayana University, Indonesia

I Ketut Budiartawan Udayana University, Indonesia

Kuncoro Teguh Setiawan National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Ketut Sukadana Udayana University, Indonesia

Anang Dwi Purwanto National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Ahcmad Supriyono National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

I Made Sukawijaya Udayana University, Indonesia

Komang Arya Purwanto Udayana University, Indonesia

I Wayan Budiada Udayana University, Indonesia

Yennie Marini National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Anneke K.S. Manoppo National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

vii

Paper and Proceeding

Coordinator:

Wawan K. Harsanugraha National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Members:

I Wayan Nuarsa Udayana University, Indonesia

Wikanti Asriningrum National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Sartono Marpaung National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Emiyati National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Kuncoro Teguh Setiawan National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Yennie Marini National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Anneke K.S. Manoppo National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Nanin Anggraini National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Syifa Wismayati Adawiah National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Hamdi Eko Putranto National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Udhi Catur Nugroho National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

I Made Karsika Udayana University, Indonesia

Putu Ari Ardiswana Udayana University, Indonesia

vii

Paper and Proceeding

Coordinator:

Wawan K. Harsanugraha

National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Members:

I Wayan Nuarsa


Wikanti Asriningrum

National Institute of Aeronautics

and Space (LAPAN)

Sartono Marpaung


and Space (LAPAN)

Emiyati


and Space (LAPAN)

Kuncoro Teguh Setiawan


and Space (LAPAN)

Yennie Marini


and Space (LAPAN)

Anneke K.S. Manoppo


and Space (LAPAN)

Nanin Anggraini


and Space (LAPAN)

Syifa Wismayati Adawiah


and Space (LAPAN)

Hamdi Eko Putranto


and Space (LAPAN)

Udhi Catur Nugroho


and Space (LAPAN)

I Made Karsika


Putu Ari Ardiswana


viii

CONTENTS

A. ORAL PRESENTATIONS

1 Habitat Model Development of Pacific Saury (Cololabis Saira) Using Satellite Remotely Sensed Data in the Northwestern North Pacific Achmad Fachruddin Syah, Sei-Ichi Saitoh, Irene Alabia, and Toru Hirawake

1-12

2 Cost-Effective Approach to Estimate Unreported Data: Rebuilding History of Lift-Net Fishing in Kwandang Waters Andhika Prima Prasetyo, Duto Nugroho, Lilis Sadiyah, and Rudy Masuswo Purwoko

13-20

3 The Use of Image Rotations on Multispectral-Based Benthic Habitats Mapping Pramaditya Wicaksono

21-30

4 The Utilization of Landsat-8 for Mapping the Surface Waters Temperature of Grupuk Bay - West Nusa Tenggara: with Implications for Seaweeds Cultivation Bidawi Hasyim, Syarif Budiman, Arlina Ratnasari, Emiyati, and Anneke Manoppo

31-40

5 Multispectral Satellite Data for Mapping of Coral Reef Death Due to El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in Western Sumatra Munawaroh and Nurul Ihsan Fawzi

41-46

6 Spatial-Temporal Variability of Satellite-Derived Phytoplankton Size Classes in the South China Sea Hai Jun YE, Dan Ling TANG, and R.P.P.K. Jayasinghe

47-58

7 Morphological Characteristics of Antarctic Coast Based on the Laser Altimetry Jieun Kim and Jaehyung Yu

59-62

8 Investigation of Coastal Sediment Spectrums Behavior Based on Moisture Content and Mineralogy; a Case Study of South Korea Haein Shin and Jaehyung Yu

63-66

9 40 Year Record of Antarctic Coastal Change from 1960s to 2000s Based on the Remote Sensing Monitoring Jaehyung Yu and Yongshik Jeon

67-70

10 Performance Multimodel Climate-Sytem Historical Forecast Project (CHFP) in Characterize Feature and Impact of El Nino Modoki Ida Bagus Mandhara Brasika and Nurjanna Joko Trilaksono

71-78

11 Shallow Sounding Bathymetric Using Multibeam Echosounder and Topographic Laser Scanner Nursugi, Tri Patmasari, dan Khafid

79-86

12 Impacts of Human Activities on the Evolution of Estuarine Wetland in the Yangtze Delta from 2000 to 2010 Lei Zhang Bingfang Wu Kai Yin ·Xiaosong Li· Kun Kia· Liang Zhu

87-102

13 New Land Accretion from 2000-2003 at Segara Anakan Lagoon, Southcoast of West and Central Java I Wayan Lugra, Deny Setyady, I.N. Astawa, G.M. Hermansyah, and P.H. Wijaya

103-114

14 Spatial Dynamics and Distribution of Live Coral, in Outer Zone, Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia Nurjannah Nurdin, Khaerul Amri, Abd. Rasyid Djalil, Ilham Jaya, Agus, and M. Akbar A.S.

115-126

15 The European Atlas of the Seas: Combining Conventional and Satellite Data for 127-136

)

ix

ApplicationsIn Fisheries and Aquaculture Management Vittorio Barale, Jean Dusart, Michael Assouline, and Alberto Lorenzo-Alonso

16 Influence of the Asia Monsoon on the Red Sea Basic Ecosystem Dynamics Vittorio Barale and Martin Gade

137-150

17 Three Dimensional Reconstruction of Rain Rates from X – SAR Measurements Using Tomography Marco Moscatelli and Gad Levy

151-162

18 Application of Multibeam Data for Characterizing Seabed Geology at Morotai Strait Taufan Wiguna and Muhammad Irfan

163-170

19 Wave Characteristics of Indonesian Waters for Sea Transport Safety and Planning Mia Khusnul Khotimah and Roni Kurniawan

171-186

20 Remote Sensing Applied to the Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Dengue Incidence Based on Ecological and Socio-Economic and Demographic Factors in Sri Lanka Sumiko Anno, Keiji Imaoka, Takeo Tadono, Tamotsu Igarashi, Subramaniam Sivaganesh, Selvam Kannathasan, Vaithehi Kumaran, and Sinnathamby Noble Surendran

187-194

21 Bigeye Tuna (Thunnus Obesus) Hotspots in the Eastern Indian Ocean Off Java Mega Syamsuddin, Sei-Ichi Saitoh, and Toru Hirawake

195-200

22 Comparison of Sun Glint Correction Methods for Casi-1500 Data in Shallow Waters Joo-Young Jeon, Sun-Hwa Kim, Chan-Su Yang, and Kazuo Ouchi

201-208

23 The Study on the Development of Satellite Data Processing System Chen Yuanwei

209-216

24 Comparative Study of Phytoplankton Bloom in Indonesian Waters Using Aqua-Modis Satellite Data Rion S. Salman dan Ayufitriya

217-224

25 Spaceborne SAR Imaging of Coastal Ocean Phenomena in the China Seas Xiaofeng Li and Feng Sha

225-228

26 Monthly Sea Surface Salinity Variation in Aru and Arafura Sea By Using Aquarius Satellite Image Data Yuwana Setiabudi Sriraharjo and Susanna Nurdjaman

229-234

27 Business Process Analysis for High Resolution Remote Sensing Data Acquisition and Distribution Andie Setiyoko and Rubini Jusuf

235-240

28 Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Catch Data to Characterize Potential Fishing Zones for Skipjack Tuna in Bone Bay-Flores Sea During Northwest Monsoon Mukti Zainuddin, Safruddin, M. Banda Selamat, Adam Malik, and Sei-Ichi Saitoh

241-250

29 Analysis of Total Suspended Solid Using Landsat 8 Imagery (Study of Case: Sampit Bay, Indonesia) Anang Dwi Purwanto and Syarif Budhiman

251-256

30 Monitoring Volcanic Activity of the Nishinoshima Island from Spaceborne SAR Tadashi Sasagawa

257-260

31 Modeling Sensor Proton Magnetometer in Small Satellite Sofian Rizal

261-266

32 Variability of Chlorophyll-a Distribution and Its Relation to the Wind Patterns in Lombok Waters Anneke K.S. Manoppo, Muhammad Riandy, Emiyati, Bidawi Hasyim, and Syarif

Budhiman

267-272

C

x

33 An Evaluation of Theuse of SRTM Data to the Accuracy of Local Geoid Determination: A Case Study of Yogyakarta Region, Indonesia Bagas Triarahmadhana and Leni S. Heliani

273-280

34 Ocean Front Application on Fishing Ground Identification in the Sourthern Taiwan Strait Yi Chang, Ming-An Lee, Tzu-Huang Chang, and Cheng-Hsin Liao

281-286

35 The Effect of Different DEM Accuracyon the Orthoimage Generation Jali Octariady, Djurdjani, and Heri Sutanta

287-292

36 Blue Carbon Stock of Mangrove Ecosystem in Nusa Penida, Bali Mariska A. Kusumaningtyas, August Daulat, Devi D. Suryono, Restu Nur Afi Ati, Terry L., Kepel, Agustin Rustam, Yusmiana P. Rahayu, Peter Mangindaan, Nasir Sudirman, and Andreas A. Hutahaean

293-300

37 Distribution and Sources of Oil Slicks in the Middle Adriatic Sea Mira Morović, Andrei Ivanov, Marinko Oluić, Žarko Kovač, and Nadezhda Terleeva

301-308

38 New Mangrove Index as Degradation/Health Indicator Using Remote Sensing Data: Segara Anakan and Alas Purwo Case Study Gathot Winarso, Anang D. Purwanto, and Doddy M. Yuwono

309-316

39 The Improvement of the Sustainable Aquaculture Model for Kelp and Scallop in Southern Hokkaido, Japan Using Satellite Remote Sensing, GIS and OGCM Yang Liu, Sei-Ichi Saitoh, I. Nyoman Radiarta, and Toru Hirawake

317-322

40 Satellite Detection of Giant Colonies of PhaeocystisGlobosa in Coastal Waters off Viet Nam Montes-Hugo M.A., Doan-Nhu H., and Nguyen-Ngoc L.

323-328

41 MCS Detection Using Lightning Recording and Satellite Imagery I Putu Dedy Pratama, Pande Komang Gede Arta Negara, Pande Made, and Rony Kurniawan

329-336

42 Analysis of Cloud Removal Method on Sea Area Using Landsat-8 Multi-Temporal Danang Surya and Candra Yudi Prabowo

337-340

43 Accuracy Estimation and Validation of Offshore Wind Speed by Using Terra SAR-X RyotaroAbo, Katsutoshi Kozai, Teruo Ohsawa, and Koji Kawaguchi

341-344

44 Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Satellite Data Processing System to Produce Sea Surface Temperature Budhi Gustiandi and Andy Indradjad

345-354

45 Bio-Physical Coupling in the Bay of Bengal – A Remote Sensing Perspective Benny N. Peter, Mridula K.R., Mazlan Hashim, and Nadzri Reba

355-362

46 Analysis of Monthly Mean Surface Currents for Bali Waters Using OSCAR Subekti Mujiasih and A. Rita Tisiana Dwi Kuswardani

363-372

47 Sea Surface Chlorophyll Fronts in the Taiwan Strait Yi-Sin Fang, Tzu-Huang Chang, and Yi Chang

372-376

48 Shoreline Change Analysis of Gulf of Cambay Using GIS Vivek Gouda and Robinu Rose Mathew

377-380

49 Seasonal and Inter-Annual Variability of the Coccolithophore Blooms in the Barents and the Black Seas from Satellite Data Oleg Kopelevich, Sergey Sheberstov, Vladimir Burenkov, and Svetlana Vazyulya

381-390

50 Observed the Indian Ocean Dipole 2011 from Satellite and In-Situ In West Java Sea Waters Jonson Lumban-Gaol, Bonar P. Pasaribu, Djisman Manurung, Risti Endriani Arhatin, Sripujiati, and Marisa Meiling

391-394

51 Satellite Altimetry and Hydrologic Modeling of Poorly-Gauged Tropical Watershed Y. Budi Sulistioadi, Kuo-Hsin Tseng, C.K. Shum, Michael F. Jasinski, and Hidayat

395-404

C

xi

52 Harmful Algal Bloom Phenomenon in Lampung Bay Base on Red Tide Analysis Using SPOT-4 Image Emiyati, Ety Parwati, and Syarif Budhiman

405-408

53 Acoustic Emission and Laser Breakdown of Water with Different Salinity Alexey V. Bulanov

409-414

54 Squid Habitat Hotspots in Pelagic Waters of Western and Central North Pacific: Roles of Eddies and Sub-Surface Features Sei-Ichi Saitoh, Irene Alabia, Robinson Mugo, Hiromichi Igarashi, Yoichi Ishikawa, Norihisa Usui, Masafumi Kamachi, Toshiyuki Awaji, and Masaki Seito

415-420

55 Extraction Method Development in Land and Ocean Salinity Wiweka

421-428

56 Indonesian Multi-Scale Grid System for Environmental and Oceanic Data Akhmad Riqqi and Ivonne M. Radjawan

429-434

57 Mapping of Total Suspended Matter Using Landsat 8 in Coastal Areas of Lombok Island Emiyati, Anneke K.S. Manoppo, and Syarif Budhiman

435-438

58 Trend Analysis of Mean Sea Level at South China Sea Using Mann-Kendall Method Moehammad Ediyan Raza Karmel

439-446

59 Visualization System of Monthly Average Sea Surface Temperature Modis Using KML in Google Earth Andy Indradjad and Yennie Marini

447-452

60 On the Use of Satellite-Measured Chlorophyll Fluorescence for Monitoring Coastal and Ocean Waters Jim Gower

453-460

61 Global Sea Level Rise: the Case for a Dam on the Strait of Gibraltar Jim Gower

461-468

62 Compatibility Test of Windsat Data over Indonesian Monsoon Path I Ketut Swardika

469-476

63 Extraction Model of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration Using Landsat Remote Sensing Satelite Data. Case Study: Ringgung Coastal Waters Muchlisin Arief

477-488

64 Oceanographic Characteristics Studies in North of Papua Waters Between 2010 to 2012 Using Modis Imagery Amalia Hadiyanti and Retnadi Heru Jatmiko

489-496

65 Spatial Distribution and Interaction of Phytoplankton, Zooplankton and Fish Biomass at the North of Papua A. Hartoko and Subiyanto

497-504

66 Temporal and Spatial Changes of the Coastline and Coastal Wetlands in the Red River Estuary, Vietnam from 1986 to 2013 Nguyen Tien Cong, Ngo DucAnh, and Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy

505-514

67 Development of Ocean Wave Spectrum Estimation from HF Radar Yukiharu Hisaki Syah

515-520

68 A Numerical Simulation of Wave and Sediment Transport in the Balikpapan Bay, East Kalimantan, Indonseia Idris Mandang, Ashadi A. Nur, and Arya M. Fitroh

521-526

69 Numerical Simulations in Coastal Hydraulics and Sediment Transport: Application to Mahakam Estuary, East Kalimantan, Indonesia Ansorullah Jamal, Idris Mandang, and Pariwate Varnakovida

527-532

xii

70 The Effect of Different Atmospheric Correction on Bathymetry Extraction Using Landsat Satellite Imagery Kuncoro Teguh Setiawan, Yennie Marini, Achmad Supriyono, and Syarif Budhiman

533-538

71 Spatial Data Analysis and Remote Sensing for Observing Tsunami-Inundated Area Abu Bakar Sambah and Fusanori Miura

539-548

72 Development of Method for Extracting Low-Level Tropospheric Moisture Content from Ground Based GPS Derived Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) Aries Kristianto, Tri Wahyu Hadi, and Dudy Darmawan Wijaya

549-558

73 VIIRS Detection of Lit Fishing Boats Christopher D. Elvidge, Mikhail Zhizhin, Kimberly Baugh, and Feng-Chi Hsu

559-562

74 The Assessment of Mangrove Ecosystem for Capture Fisheries Product Dewayany Sutrisno, Yatin Suwarno, and Irmadi Nahib

563-568

75 Utilization of Satellite Remote Sensing Data for the Determination of Potential Fishing Areas and Its Validation in the Strait of Bali Nyoman Dati Pertami and Komang Iwan Suniada

569-574

76 Spatial Distribution Analysis of Albacore Tuna (Thunnus Alalunga) Using Argo Float Sub-Surface Temperature Related to Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) Impact in South Java Indian Ocean Bambang Sukresno, Agus Hartoko, Budi Sulistyo, and Subiyanto

575-582

77 Sea Surface Temperature Measurement from TMI and Modis Data Yennie Marini, Gathot Winarso, and Anneke K.S. Manoppo

583-588

78 Prediction of Coral Reef Damage Using Cellular Automata-Markov Agus Aris, Nurjannah Nurdin, Vincentius P. Siregar, and Ibnu Sofian

589-596

79 Estimation of Sea Surface Temperature Distribution in Ekas Bay Using Landsat-8 Satellite Imagery Muhammad Ramdhan

597-604

80 Coastal Characteristics of Indonesia and Its Relation to the Tsunami Hazard M. Priyatna, M. Rokhis Khomarudin, and Dini Ambarwati

605-614

81 Evaluation of Multitemporal Landsat Satellite Images to Identify Total Suspended Solid (TSS) Alteration in Saguling Reservoir, West Bandung, Indonesia Anjar Dimara Sakti, Soni Darmawan, and Ketut Wikantika

615-622

82 Sea Surface Temperature Variability in the Southern Part of Java Island and the Lesser Sunda: Corresponding to the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM) I Gede Hendrawan, I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang, I Made Kertayasa, and I G.A. Diah Valentina Lestari

623-630

83 Laboratory Study of Cross-Polarized Radar Return at Gale-force Winds Yu. Troitskaya, V. Abramov, A. Ermoshkin, E. Zuikova, V. Kazakov, D. Sergeev, and A. Kandaurov

631-636

84 Satellite Observation of Large-Scale Coastal Change: A Case Study from Cigu Lagoon, Taiwan Tzu-Huang Chang, Yi Chang, Laurence Zsu-Hsin Chuang, and Ming-An Lee

637-642

85 Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Surface Chlorophyll in Relation to Bigeye Tuna

Fishery in the Southern Waters Off Java and Bali Martiwi Diah Setiawati and Fusanori Miura

643-654

86 Mode 2 Internal Solitary Waves: Measurements of Surface Currents from Laboratory Experiments and Numerical Simulations, and the Results of a SAR Simulator Donald P. Delisi, Jinsong Chong, Xiangzhen Yu, Thomas S. Lund, and David Y. Lai

655-662

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xiii

87 The Climate Change Impact on Coralin Weh Island and Aceh Island Indonesia A. Besse Rimba, Joseph Maina, and Fusanori Miura

663-670

88 Investigating the Effect of Rainstorm on Coastal Coral Reef Water -- A Case Study in Xuwen Coral Reef Coast Region, South China Weiqi Chen, Xuelian Meng,

Shuisen Chen, Liusheng Han, and Siyu Huang

671-682

89 Satellite Remote Sensing in Fishery Forecast in India: Past, Present, and Challenges Aishwarya Narain

683-690

90 Identifying of Change of Mangrove Forest and Mining Areas at the Coastal of Karimun Besar Island Tatik Kartika and Silvia Anwar

691-696

91 Basin Configuration Identification by Airborne Gravity in WesternTanjung, South Borneo Ermin Retnowati, Dyah Pangastuti, Boko Nurdiyanto S., Arisauna M. Pahlevi, Gonata Pranajaya and Thomas Cafreza Atarita

697-704

92 A DASH7 Based Monitoring System for Mariculture Environment Yuvin Ha, Sang-Hwa Chung, Yun-Sung Lee, Ik Joo Jeong, Sung-Jun Lee, Jung-hoon Cha, and Hyong-ki Yoon

705-712

93 Assessment and Mapping of Coastal Vulnerability to Sea Level Rise (Case Study at Semarang Coastal Area, Central Java) Husnayaen, Takahiro Osawa, and Ida Ayu Astarini

713-722

94 Detecting the Affected Areas of Mount Sinabung Eruption Using Landsat-8 Based on Reflectance Change Suwarsono, Hidayat, Jalu Tejo Nugroho, Wiweka, Parwati, and M. Rokhis Khomarudin

723-734

95 Detection of Seabed in Seribu Islands Seawaters Sri Pujiyati, Kaisar Akhir, and Risti E. Arhatin

735-738

96 The Creation of Forest Base Probability Image in Coastal Area of East Kalimantan Indonesia Using Canonical Variate Analysis Ita Carolita and Tatik Kartika

739-744

97 Satellite Data for Water Clarity Mapping in Indonesia Lake Water Bambang Trisakti, Nana Suwargana and I Made Parsa

745-752

98 Study on Seasonal Variability in Internal Wave Signatures in the Lombok Strait Area Using SAR and Optical Sensor I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang, Takahiro Osawa, Leonid Mitnik, and I Made Satria Wibawa

753-766

B. POSTER PRESENTATIONS

01 Bathymetric Mapping of Shallow Water Surrounding Dongsha Island Using Quickbird Image Li Dongling, Zhang Huaguo, and Lou Xiulin

769-774

02 Impacts of Typhoons on Hypoxia Off the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary: Estimations from Satellite Data Jianyu Chen, Zhihua Mao, Fang Gong, and Kui Wang

775-782

03 Investigation of Whitening Event Using Hyperspectral Data in the Coastal Region of Jeju Island, South Korea Sun-Hwa Kim, Joo-Young Jeon, and Chan-SuYang

783-788

04 Vertical Structure in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre Based on the Wind-Driven Circulation Theory Rina Tajima, KunioKutsuwada, and Kunihiro Aoki

789-796

C

xiv

05 Design and Construction of a Remote Sensing-Based Harmful Algal Blooms Monitoring System Qiankun Zhu, Bangyi Tao, Hui Lei, and Jianyu Chen

797-802

06 The Propagation and Sources Analysis of the Internal Waves in the Northwestern South China Sea Based an Satellite Remote Sensing Juan Wang, Jingsong Yang, Huaguo Zhang, Dongling Li, Lin Ren, and Gang Zheng

803-808

07 Acceleration Development Region Capture Fisheries Economy Oriented (A Case at Coast Southern District Garut West Java Province) Atikah Nurhayatidan and Agus Heri Purnomo

809-816

08 Developing Fishing Grounds Prediction Model for Neon Flying Squid in the Central North Pacific Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Vessel Monitoring System Yang Liu, Sei-Ichi Saitoh, Hiroki Takegawa, and Toru Hirawake

817-820

09 Construction of Long-Term Data Set of Sea Surface Wind Speed/Stress Vectors by Multiple Satellite Observations Suguru Kameda and Kunio Kutsuwada

821-828

10 Evaluation of Offshore Wind Energy Resources by Using Scatterometer and Radiometer-Derived Wind Speeds and WRF Katsutoshi Kozai, Tsuguhiro Morita, and Teruo Ohsawa

829-832

11 Monitoring the Impact of Sea Surface Temperature Increase on Coral Bleaching in Indonesian Waters Rion S. Salman and Ayufitriya

833-838

12 Spectral Unmixing Applied to Meris Images of Berau Estuary Waters to Separate the Effects of Atmospheric Haze from Water Sediment Widiatmaka, Wiwin Ambarwulan, Bambang Riadi, Irmadi Nahib, Syarif Budhiman, and Abdul Halim

839-848

13 Spatial Multi Criteria Land Evaluation and Remote Sensing for Area Delineation of Shrimp Pond Culture Revitalization in Mahakam Delta, Indonesia Wiwin Ambarwulan, W. Verhoef, and C. Mannaerts

849-856

14 Settlement Pattern of Bajoe Tribe in Indonesia Based on Remote Sensing Data Satellite Observation JakaSuryanta

857-862

15 Local Economic Wisdom for Sustainable Coastal Resources: Lemukutan, West Kalimantan Suhana, Aninda W. Rudiastuti, and Gatot Rudiyono

863-870

16 Monitoring Changes on Mangroves Coasts Using High Resolution Satellite Images. A Case Study in the Perancak Estuary, Bali Christophe Proisy, Rinny Rahmania, Gaëlle Viennois, Ariani Andayani, Sophie Baudel, Riza Fahran, Niken Gusmawati, Olivier Germain, Hugues Lemonnier, Nurman Mbay, Bambang Nugraha, Juliana Prosperi, Frida Sidik, Berni Subki, Suhardjono, Nuryani Widagti, and Philippe Gaspar

871-876

17 Research on 3D Simulation of FY-2E Infrared Satellite Cloud Image Based on Open GL Liuo Jiano and Fan Xiangtao

877-880

18 A Method of Evaluating Island Exploitation Degree Based on Multi-Scale Analysis of Remote Sensing Indices Zhang Huaguo, Li Lihong, Shi Aiqin, Li Dongling, and Lou Xiulin

881-886

12th Biennial Conference of Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference (PORSEC 2014)04 – 07 November 2014, Bali-Indonesia

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SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE VARIABILITY IN THESOUTHERN PART OF JAVA ISLAND AND THE LESSER

SUNDA: CORRESPONDING TO THE INDIAN OCEANDIPOLE MODE (IODM)

I Gede Hendrawan1,*), I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang1), I Made Kertayasa2),and I G.A. Diah Valentina Lestari2)

1)Department of Marine Sciences, Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran,Badung, Bali, Indonesia 80361

2)Department of Physics, Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran,Badung, Bali, Indonesia 80361

*) E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The impact of Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM) for the sea surface temperature (SST)variability in the Southern of Java and Lesser Sunda has been investigated. The Aqua MODISsatellite data has been used to investigating the SST distribution both spatially and temporally.The Dipole Mode Index (DMI) was calculated from 2003 until 2011 and found that 2010 has anindication as an IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) year. It was coincide with the spatial change ofSST distribution in the Southern of Java and Lesser Sunda. The temporal change has beeninvestigating by wavelet transform, and found that the high spectrum indicated in 2010. It wasclearly found that in 2010 the SST variability in the southern part of Java Island and the LesserSunda has a strong relationship with the IODM. Those relationship was confirmed through thespatial, temporal and wavelet analysis methods.

Keywords: IODM, MODIS, SST, wavelet

1. INTRODUCTION

El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)andthe Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM)are the largest earth climate phenomenon thathas a connection with the sea surfacetemperature (SST) anomaly. Severalinvestigation regarding to the influence ofENSO in the Indonesia seas has beenconducted, such as: the influence of ENSOfor the chlorophyll-a variability in thesouthern of Java (Susanto and Marra, 2005),the influence of ENSO for the upwelling inJava and Sumatra Sea (Susanto et al., 2001),and the influence of ENSO for the SST in theIndonesian Seas (Nicholl, 1983).Furthermore, some researches has been doneregarding to the IODM phenomenon, suchas: the dipole mode in the tropical area of theIndian Ocean (Saji et al., 1999), the structureof SST variability and surface wind in the

Indian Ocean during the IODM (Saji,Yamagata, 2003), the influence of IODM forthe rainfall in Indonesia (Hermawan, 2007),and the influence of IODM for the SST andsalinity in the Western of Sumatra(Holliludin, 2009).

The IODM has an impact for the rainfallvariability in some countries, such as Africaand Asia (Hu, Nita, 1996; Behera et al.,2006; Harou et al., 2006). The SSTvariability in the southern of Java and thewestern of Sumatra is one of the key factorsfor the IODM phenomenon, which is alsooccurred simultaneously with the changingof Indonesia season (Qu et al., 2005). Theperiod of IODM is more than a year(interannual) (Saji et al., 1999 and 2003; Raoet al., 2002) that could be influencing theclimate in Indonesia.

The SST in Indonesia Seas is the mostimportant point to determine the regional and


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global climate. This is due to the complexsea bottom topography of the Indonesianseas, and also connecting the Pacific and theIndian Ocean (Qu et al., 2005).From thenumerical model and the field observationshows that a little change of SST inIndonesia could give a high change on therainfall in the Indo-pacific (Miller et al.,1992; McBride et al., 2003; Ashok et al.,2001; Neale, Slingo, 2003). The SSTvariability in Indonesia seas is also importantfor the ecology point of view, since theIndonesia Sea has a rich of the oceanbiodiversity. Therefore the investigation ofSST variability and its characteristicsbecome a substantial work. In this study, weused the satellite data to make aninvestigation of SST variability and itscharacteristics in the southern of Java and thelesser Sunda.

Remote sensing technology had beenwidely used to observe the ocean resources.The Moderate Resolution ImagingSpectroradiometer (MODIS) is one of thesatellite imaging that can be used easily tomake a periodic SST observation.Furthermore, the temporal analysis of SSTdata is done using wavelet transform, andhence the period and the time of thephenomenon can be analyzed.

1.1. Dipole Mode Index (DMI)

IODM signature are originally occurs inthe Indian Ocean. It could be due to anincreasing of SST in the western IndianOcean (50 W - 70 W and 10 S - 10 N), andsimultaneously decreasing of the SST in theeastern part of Indian Ocean (90 W – 110 Wand 10 S - Equator) (Saji et al., 1999). TheIODM is recognized by determining theDipole Mode Index (DMI), which is thedifference of SST anomaly between thewestern part and eastern part of Indian Ocean(Saji et al., 1999). Saji, et al. (1999)mentioned that the positive DMI (above 0.7)is the indication of the positive IODMphenomenon, whereas the negative of theDMI (below -0.7) is indicating the negativeIODM phenomenon. The more positive the

IODM, the higher SST in the western IndianOcean will be. This makes the convectionincrease around the western part of theIndian Ocean. However, the eastern part ofIndian Ocean will experience drought(including some areas in Indonesia). Theopposite phenomenon will occur during thenegative IODM.

1.2. Wavelet Transform

The wavelet transform is useful to analyzetime series data that contain non-stationarypower at many different frequencies(Foufoula-Georgiou and Kumar, 1995;Daubechies, 1990). Torrence, and Compo(1997) proposed a Morlet Wavelet that usedas the mother wavelet (Equation 1).

Ψ η = π / e ω ηe η / (1)Where is the non-dimensional frequencyand was taken to be 6 in this study to satisfythe admissibility condition (Farge, 1992).This is known as the scaled wavelet, which isdefined by:

Ψ′ − = /

Ψ′ − (2)

Where s is the dilation parameter used tochange the scale, and n is the translationalparameters used as time shifting. The s-1/2 isa normalization factor to maintain the totalenergy of the scaled wavelet constant.

The continuous wavelet transform (CWT)of a discrete sequence xn is a convolution ofxn with the scaled wavelet functions andtranslated from Ψ0() (Torrence and Compo,1997):

= ′Ψ∗ ′ −− 1′= 0 (3)

It is possible to calculate the wavelettransform using equation (3), but it would besimpler and easier if it done in Fourier space.Hence, by using the convolution theorem, thewavelet transform is the inverse of Fouriertransform of the product.


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= Ψ∗− 1= 0 (4)

where the angular frequence is defined by:

= ∶ ≤− ∶ > (5)

Hence, the value of power spectum wavelet| | can be found from the waveletequation aboved.

2. Data and Method

The data used in this research is SSTderived from the Aqua MODIS satellite data.This data can be downloaded from NASAwebsite (http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/) as alevel 3 satellite data. The eight years monthlydata from 2004 until 2011 were used for theSST analysis.

SST Aqua MODIS satellite data in thesouthern part of Java and Lesser Sunda areaveraged spatially. The average value of SSTin the western Indian Ocean and the easternIndian Ocean also calculated to determinethe DMI that will be used for IODManalysis.

IODM is an interannual phenomenon(Saji et al., 1999 and 2003, Rao et al., 2002,etc.), while the period of SST in Indonesia isless than one year. Therefore the monthlySST data from Aqua MODIS is then filtered.This should be done to remove the seasonalchanges of each variable in order to obtain amore significant relationship between SSTand IODM.

After the seasonal effects of the SST hadbeen removed, the wavelet transform wereapplied (Equation 1-5). The power spectrumfor each variable then used to determine therelationship between IODM period and SSTvariability in the study area.

3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION3.1 Seasonal Characteristic ofSSTin the

Indonesia Seas

Seasonal characteristic of SST from 2003-2011 during rainy and dry season are shown

in the figure 1 and figure 2. Thecharacteristic of SST during rainy seasonwere determined by the averaged SST inDecember-January-February (DJF) period.While the June-July-August (JJA) data wereused to find the SST characteristic in dryseason. The SST in Indonesia during therainy season are shows warmer rather thandry season. There is also a significantdifference along the southern of Java Islanduntil Arafuru and Banda Sea, which makesthe SST becomes colder in dry season. Itcould be caused by the upwelling processdue to the monsoon (Wyrtki, 1961 and Qu,2005). However, warmer SST during therainy season is caused by the downwellingprocess.

Figure 1. SST Characteristics during rainy season(December-January-February [DJF])

Beside the difference of SST condition,the SST anomaly is occurred during the dryseasons in 2007, 2008 and 2010 along thesouthern of Java Island until Banda Sea(Figure 1). It shows that the SST wasdecreasing. However, the increasing of SSTwas occurred during rainy season at 2005,2009, and 2010 (Figure 2).

2003-2004

2005-2006

2004-2005

2006-2007

2007-2008 2008-2009

2009-2010 2010-2011


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Figure 2. SST Characteristics during Dry Season(June-July-August [JJA])

3.2 SST Variability along the Southernpart of Java Island and the LesserSunda

The temporal variability of SST from2003-2011 along the southern part of Javaand the lesser Sunda are shows in the figure3. During 2003 and 2004, the SST indicatedwere less than 1 standard deviation duringthe rainy season (DJF period). Meanwhile,the SST was greater than 1 standarddeviation in 2011 during the dry season (JJAperiod).

Further analysis of SST anomaly is shownin figure 4. The positive anomaly wereoccurred in the middle of 2005, early 2007and end of 2010. However, the negativeanomalies were shown in the middle until

end of both 2003 and 2006, and also end of2011. There is also the filtered SST anomalydata that show a significant anomaly in themiddle of 2010. It could be caused by astrong interannual oscillation effect.

Figure 3. SST Variability in the Southern part of JavaIsland and the Lesser Sunda (bold line), and 1standard deviation (dash line)

Figure 4. SST Anomaly in Southern part of JavaIsland and the Lesser Sunda (black bold line),Filtered SST anomaly (black dash line), 1 standarddeviation (gray dash line)

3.3 Dipole Mode Index (DMI)

DMI (Dipole Mode Index) is an IODMindex that calculated from SST data (Saji etal., 1999). The data used were 9 yearsmonthly SST data derived from AquaMODIS. Figure 5 is show the DMI valueduring 2003-2011 and has an indication ofhigh DMI at end of 2004 until early of 2005,end of 2006 and 2007, and also middle of2010 and end of 2011, which are more than 1standard deviation (0.6oC). Figure 5 is alsoshow that the negative IODM occurred in2004- 2007 and 2010, while the positiveIODM occurred in 2006, 2007 and 2011.

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Figure 5. Dipole Mode Index (DMI) (black bold line),and 1 standard deviation (dash line)

3.4 Wavelet Transform

The power spectrum (PS) of DMIwith95% confidence level (bold countur line) arefounded at midle of 2009 until 2011. Theperiod isaround 1 until 2 year (Figure 6a).The IODM is clearly occurred in 2010 withthe period of 2 years. However, thevariability of SST shown that the minimumtemperature is higher than normal conditionin the same year (Figure 3). The SST in thestudy area is spatially increasein 2009 andthe highest is occurred in 2010 (Figure 1 g-h). And the global wavelet spectrum (GWS)shown that the IODM wereoccurredperiodically with time period around 1 until5 years globally (Figure 6b).

Figure 6. a. Power Spectrum of DMI, b. GlobalWavelet Spectrum (GWS) for DMI

Figure 7 shows the power spectrum ofSST in the southern part of Java Island and

Lesser Sunda. The period of SST variabilitywith 95% confidence level are founded at2003 to 2006 with time period of 1.5 year.Meanwhile, the time period in 2009 to 2011is 1 to 4 years. However the SST variabilitythat shown by the power spectrum for 2003to 2006 is not coinciding with the DMIpower spectrum. It might be caused by theannual phenomenon of the Pacific Ocean(El-nino southern oscillation-ENSO). Besideof that, the variability of SST has the similarpattern with the DMI in 2010. SST in thesouthern part of Java Island and LesserSunda has the same periodicity with the DMIas shown in the GWS graph.

Figure 7. Wavelet transform in southern part of JavaIsland and Lesser Sunda, a) Power Spectrum ofSST, b) Global Wavelet Spectrum (GWS) for SST

In order to determine the relationshipbetween SST variability and IODM in thesouthern part of Java Island and LesserSunda, the correlation coefficient betweenthe power spectrum of SST and DMI hadbeen calculated (Figure 8). The dot line inthe figure 8 refers to the 95% confidencelevel. Hence, the correlation coefficientabove the confidence level concluded as asignificant correlation. There is a positivecorrelation above the 95% confidence level,which is show a significant correlationbetween DMI and SST in the southern partof Java Island and Lesser Sunda. The

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significant positive correlations occurred inthe 1.5 to 1.7 years, 2.2 to 2.8 years, and 4.7to 5 years’ time period. The result states thatSST in the southern of Java Island andLesser Sunda got a lot of impact from theIODM during those periods. While a strongnegative correlation may indicate that theannual variability of SST is caused by otherphenomenon.

Figure 8. Power Spectrum Correlation

4. CONCLUSION

The relationship between SST variabilityand the IODM in the southern part of JavaIsland and Lesser Sunda can be confirmed byusing the Aqua Modis Satellite data. It isclearly shown in 2010 that SST in thoseregions has a strong relationship with IODMphenomenon. This relationship is wellconfirmed by spatial, temporal and even bythe wavelet method.

For further study, the numericalsimulation will be useful to find an impactfor the ecology and climate condition inIndonesia, weather by the assimilation ofsatellite data or the in situ data.

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the UdayanaUniversity who was supported under thescheme of “Hibah Penelitian UnggulanUniversitas Udayana” with contract number:21.20/UN14/LPPM/2012.

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