12 CP ENGLISH HACK

PERIOD 4

Final Review

Memoir

a historical account or biography written from personal knowledge or special sources.

Night was a memoir… it was also an autobiography.

Eurocentric Non-Eurocentric

focusing on European culture or history to the exclusion of a wider view of the world;

indirectly regarding European culture as leading.

Does not believe that European culture is superior

Things Fall Apart

Imperialistic Anti-Imperialistic

a policy or practice by which a country increases its power by gaining control over other areas of the world and pushes for colonization

The Africans did not believe in colonization, nor saw the benefit, and they wanted to remain in their villages

Things Fall Apart

Allusion

A reference to a statement, person, place, event or thing that is known from literature, history, religion, myth, politics, etc.

Examples: “I was surprised his nose was not growing like

Pinocchio’s.” This refers to the story of Pinocchio, where his nose grew whenever he told a lie.

“When she lost her job, she acted like a Scrooge, and refused to buy anything that wasn’t necessary.” Scrooge was an extremely stingy character from Charles Dickens’, A Christmas Carol.

“He was a real Romeo with the ladies.” Romeo was a character in Shakespeare’s play, Romeo and Juliet, and was very romantic in expressing his love for Juliet.

Metaphor

A figure of speech that makes a comparison between 2 seemingly unlike things WITHOUT using like, as, than or resembles.

Examples: The stars are icy diamonds. He drowned in a sea of grief.

Personification

A kind of metaphor in which a nonhuman thing or quality is talked about as if it were human.

Examples: “an angry sky” “The run down house seemed depressed” “My computer throws a fit every time I try to use it”

Literary Elements

Foreshadow- Clues that hint at what is going to happen later in the plot Example: The Long Exile – Ivan’s wife’s dream; Night-

Madame Schaeter’s screamsFlash-forward- A scene that interrupts the present

action to skip ahead to an event in the future Example: The Long Exile; Norwegian Rat

Characterization- methods the author uses to reveal the personality of the character Indirect Characterization- We have to use our own judgment

and put clues together to figure out what the character is like

Direct Characterization- The author tells us directly

Dramatic Elements

Aside: private words that a character in a play speaks to another character or to the audience that are NOT suppose to be heard by others onstage

Diction: The writer’s or speaker’s choice of words

Dialogue: Conversation between 2 or more people

Soliloquy

A long speech in which a character who is usually alone onstage expresses his or her private thoughts or feelings

Monologues are long, formal speeches but usually directed at another character or the audience.

Myth/Proverb

Myth: Used to explain natural occurrence

Proverb: Short, witty saying that gives advice or truth

Elements of Tragedy

Tragedy- a play, novel or other narrative depicting serious and important events in which the main character comes to an unhappy end

Tragic Hero- usually dignified, courageous, and high ranking (NOBILITY)- wins some self-knowledge and wisdom (REVELATION) despite defeat (death)

Tragic Flaw- Error in judgment or character weakness that results in downfall