12 issues and challenges for disaster risk reduction - dr. emmanuel m. luna - reaching out for...

8/9/2019 12 Issues and Challenges for Disaster Risk Reduction - Dr. Emmanuel M. Luna - Reaching Out for Breath

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RP DISASTER RISK PROFILE

RP is prone to almost all types of natural

hazards because of its geographical locationSource of Slide : Duque, OCD 2006


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The Philippine Archipelago occupies the western ring of the PacificOcean (Western Segment of the Pacific Ring of Fire), a most activepart of the earth that is characterized by an ocean-encircling belt

of active volcanoes and earthquake generators (faults).Source of slide: Duque,OCD 2006


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Huling Hininga: The Losses and PainsFrom Disasters


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From 1994 to 2003, some 2.5 billion* people wereaffected by natural disasters alone worldwide, whichis an increase of 60% over the past decade. More than

478,000* people were killed during this period.Source of slide: Duque, OCD 2006

Calapan CityDec. 2005

Infanta, QuezonNov. 2004

Southern LeyteDec. 2003

Brgy. Guinsaugon, S. LeyteFeb. 17, 2006

TsunamiDec. 2004

Pakistan EarthquakeOct. 2005



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Bucayao River, Calapan City

Dec. 2005

Luzon EarthquakeJul. 1990

Pakistan EarthquakeOct. 2005

Hurricane KatrinaAug. 2005


Floods and Earthquakes are the deadliest

accounting for more than half of the casualties.Source of Slide : Duque 2006


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FLOOD DAMAGES IN RP (1990 2005)

PHP 76 billion

(Out of the PHP 111.46 billion worthof damages from natural disasters)

Average of750 deaths per year

Source of Slide:

Duque, OCD 2006


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CASUALTIES AFFECTEDPOPULATION COST OF

DAMAGESDEAD INJ MIS FAMILIES PERSONS

11,057 21,270 2,746 11,525,833 59,355,193 P 104.989 B

EFFECTS OF MAJOR & MINOR DISASTER EVENTSIN THE PHILIPPINES (1995-2005)

Source: Duque 2006,OCD


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Yearly, the country experiences an average oftwenty (20)tropical cyclones; a host to 300 volcanoes, twenty-two (22) of

which are active, together with active faults and trenchesthat are potential sources of earthquakes.

Source of slide: Duque OCD 2006


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On February 17, 2006, another landslide hit SouthernLeyte that almost wiped out the entire 480 hectares inBrgy. Guinsaugon, one of the 16 villages of the town ofSt. Bernard, leaving in its wake 154 dead, 28 injured,

410 registered survivors and 968 still missing



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Source of Slide: Duque OCD 2006


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Source: MGB-DENR

REINA Area, Quezon

November 14-26, 2004

752 dead 616 injured

325 missing


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Source: MGB-DENR

San Francisco, S. LeyteDecember 2003

207 dead 54 injured 1 missing

P508.4M

cost of damage


15/41Source of Pictures: PAGAS


16/41Source: PAGASA in Duque, 2006


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Source: MGB-DENR

Dingalan, Aurora

Nov. 28 - Dec. 3 2004

138 dead 48 injured

27 missing


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Source: PCG

December 18, 2005

195,000 liters of bunker fuel

Semirara Island, Antique


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Source: PCG in Duques,OCD 2006

M/V Maria Carmela Ferry

July 10, 2002

25 dead - 88 injured

108 missing


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Payatas Dump Site Tragedy

July 10, 2000

224 dead, 38 missingSource: Duque,OCD 2006


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Source: NDCC in Duque, OCD 2006

ULTRA Stampede

February 4, 2006

74 dead 600 injured


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Poverty and Vulnerability

Buntong Hininga: Issues and Barriers to DRR

35% of estimated 92.2 million

population in 2009 live belowpoverty line

This means 32.27 Filipinos

There are socio-economic, political

structures and processes that give

rise to vulnerability


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Issues and Barriers to DRR

Determining how and the extent of emergency relief, given the limited resources;when relief should end and rehabilitation should begin (Vargas, 1996: 206).

Promoting and maintaining NGO-LGU collaboration without establishing apolitical dependency (Knud, 2002:30).

Duplication and overlapping of functions of government and NGOs and the unhealthycompetition in the delivery of services (Dejoras, 1996: 226).

Wars and conflict affecting the community, thus NGO resources are divertedfor relief and emergency purposes. ( Luna, 2001: 223).


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Mga Buntong Hininga: Issues and Barriersto DRR

Difficulty to get funds for disaster mitigation andpreparedness compared to emergency operationsbecause of the perception that the impact of DMPprograms is more difficult to measure while

emergency needs are more visible (Luna, 2001:223).

Perceived lack of political will among the governmentorganizations in implementing DM law and corruptionin times of disasters (Luna, 2001:224; Laigo, 1996: 59).

Bureaucratic procedures of the government in disasterresponse, where mandated procedures cause unduedelay (Luna. 2001: 225).


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Mga Buntong Hininga.

Tendency to give priority to economic growth byfavoring development initiatives which threaten tocreate disaster or environmental havoc(Luna, 2001:225).

The lack of appropriate indicator to measure

vulnerability reduction in a systematic way.(Donors, 1999:20 cited by Heijmans andVictoria,2001: 22).


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DOTC55%

DENR 43%

DPWH 40%

DOST 32%

DOH 20%

Agencies which have poorly integrate DRM in their sectoral plans


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DSWD 48%

NDCC/OCD 30%

DOH 30%

DENR 30%

LGUs 18%

Agencies where DRM is decentralized


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DSWD 29%

LGUs 21%

NDCC/OCD 18%

DPWH 18%

DOH, DILG-BFP, PNP 11%

Agencies with adequate manpower, competence,

budget facilities and equipment


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DSWD 47%

DOH 35%

NDCC/OCD 32%

LGUs 18%

AFP 14%

Agencies which performed their roles

and responsibilities well


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DSWD 39%

LGUs 33%

AFP 28%

DOH 22%

NDCC/OCD, PNP 11%

Agencies that are well-equipped and ready

for emergency


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Hininga ng Buhay: Hopes to Sustain DRR

1. Paradigm shift from emergency management to DRR

2. The Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-20015

3. The Philippine Strategic National Action Plan 2009-2019

4. The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction andManagement Act of 2010

5. Community-Based Disaster Risk Management


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Paradigm Shifts From Emergency Management to DR

Emergency Management

Disaster Preparedness

Disaster Management

Disaster risk management


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The Hyogo Framework of Action 2005-2015

A comprehensive, action oriented response to internationalconcern on disasters

Adopted by 168 governments including RP at the World Conferenceon Disaster Reduction held in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan

Emphasizes DRR as a central issue for development policies

Goal 1: integration of DRR into sustainable development policies

Goal 2: Development and strengthening of institutions,

mechanisms and capabilities to build resilienceto hazards

Goal 3: Systematic incorporation or risk reduction approachesinto the implementation of emergency preparedness,response and recovery


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Philippine Strategic National Action Plan

Contains 18 priority programs and projects for 2009-2019

Developed from consultations with the different stakeholders such asGovernmnet agencies, LGUs, NGOs, academe, PO, media, private sector


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The Philippine Disaster Risk Reductionand Management Act of 2010

Upholds constitutional rights to life and propertyby addressing the roots causes of vulnerabilities

Adopts DRRM approach that is holistic, comprehensive,

integrated and pro-active in lesseningthe socio-economic and environmental impact of disasters

Mainstream DRR and climate change in development

Mainstream DRR into the peace processand conflict resolution approaches


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CBDRM is participatory and putthe people at the center of action.

Comm nit Based Disaster


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Community-Based DisasterRisk Management

The CBDRM hopes to accomplish both long term transformationalchanges, as well as short term remedial improvements in thewell being of the people.

Transformation of structures andrelationships that generate inequityand underdevelopment

Public safety and reduced loses

in the lives, properties, resourcesand environment due to hazards

Empowered individuals andcommunity institutions

Reduction of peoples vulnerabilities


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A more holistic disaster management framework orcomprehensive disaster risk management

Maintains the four basic categories in the disaster continuumsuch as emergency response, post emergency, prevention andmitigation, and preparedness.

Four other concerns are integrated namely the management

and reduction of risks, protection of development gains,sustainable human development and mainstreaming disasterreduction into development.

Community Based Disaster


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People and development oriented

Comprehensive

Participatory approach

Reduce possible loses in the lives, properties,community resources and environment

due to natural and human induced hazards.

Encompasses four major processes namelydisaster prevention and mitigation,disaster preparedness, emergency

response and post emergency

Views disasters as a questionof peoples vulnerability

Empowers people to address the roots ofvulnerabilities

Transforming structures that generateinequity and underdevelopment


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The promises that they bring asstipulated in their well crafted formulation

are challenges that have to be faced,

not just by appreciating the wordsbut by concretizing them into actionsat the various levels, by all stakeholders,

at all times.

Conclusion


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Maraming salamat

12 issues and challenges for disaster risk reduction - dr. emmanuel m. luna - reaching out for...

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