1.2 server operating system

8/12/2019 1.2 Server Operating System

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It is important to know the basicsabout popular NOS families.Many networks now includemore than one server type, andknowing how to get these

diverse systems to interoperateis an important skill for anetwork administrator.Operating systems on thenetwork have their ownlanguage.Different NOS vendors use thesame terms in different ways.


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Windows server-based networksthat run Windows NT Server orWindows 2000 Server are basedon the concept of the domain.A domain is a group ofcomputers and users that servesas a boundary of administrativeauthority.Windows NT domains and

Windows 2000 domains,although similar in function,interact with one anotherdifferently.


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The Domain Structure ofWindows NT was entirelydifferent from the DomainStructure in Windows 2000.Instead of Active Directory,Windows NT provides anadministrative tool called theUser Manager for Domains.It is accessed from the domain

controller and is used to create,manage, and remove domainuser accounts.


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Each NT domain requires one Primary Domain Controller(PDC).

This is a "master" server that contains the Security AccountsManagement Database (SAM).

A domain can also have one or more Backup DomainControllers (BDCs), each of which contains a read-only copyof the SAM.

The SAM is what controls the authentication process when auser logs onto the domain.


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The offline folders feature enables usersto copy and synchronize documents fromthe network to the local system so thatthey can be accessed when the computeris not connected to the network.

The Internet Printing Protocol (IPP)enables users to print to a URL andmanage printers through a web browserinterface.

Built-in disk defragmenters and othertools and utilities help users maintain andmanage the operating system.It supports Kerberos security (developingstandard for authenticating networkusers), and the features of a Windows2000 domain as an Active Directory client.


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XP also offers:More extensive hardware and driver support.More user-friendly file-sharing and networkconfiguration for setting up home networks.

Enhanced wireless network featuresIncreased securityRemote Desktop controlOverall improvements to the GUI, including thewelcome screen additions, start menuimprovements.Enhanced multimedia support for digital video,audio, and pictures.


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The Windows 2000 family of operating systemsincludes:

Windows 2000 Professional

Windows 2000 Server

Windows 2000 Advanced Server

The specific needs of the network will determine thebest version of Windows 2000 for the installation.

The Windows 2003 family of operating systemsincludes:

Standard Edition

Enterprise Edition

Datacenter EditionWeb Edition

Small Business Server Edition

2003 Server release is the available support for 64-bitsystems in order to compete in the enterprise levelserver arena.


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Linux is an operating system similar to UNIX. It runs on

many different computers and was first released in 1991.Linux is portable, which means versions can be foundrunning on name brand or clone PCs.Linux offers many features adopted from other versions ofUNIX.


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The UNIX NOS was developedin 1969, and it has evolvedinto many varieties.The source code is opened,that is, available at no cost toanyone who wants to modifyit.It is written in C programminglanguage so businesses,academic institutions, and

even individuals can developtheir own versions.There are hundreds ofdifferent versions of UNIX.


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Linux is sometimes referred to as "UNIX Lite", and it isdesigned to run on Intel-compatible PCs.However, Linux will run on other machines as well.Linux brings the advantages of UNIX to home andsmall business computers.The following are a few of the most popular types:

Red Hat LinuxLinux MandrakeCaldera eDesktop and eServerDebian GNU/LinuxCorel LinuxTurbo Linux


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Windows clients can accessLinux servers without clientsoftware if the UNIX serversrun Samba, which is aprogram that uses the ServerMessage Block (SMB)application layer protocol.Windows computers use SMBfor file access across the

network.Samba permits them to seethe Linux file system.


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The X Window System iswhat comprises the LinuxGUI environment.Corels WordPerfect and Sun

StarOffice are the top two

office suites capable ofrunning on Linux.There also single packagesrather than full office suitsthat come shipped withLinux and some are installedby default during theinstallation process.Some examples of these areLyX and AbiWord.


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Some of the popular audioand visual programsavailable for Linux includetools for viewing andediting graphics like XVand GIMP.


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A popular use of a Linux system is a web server.Web server software uses Hypertext Transfer Protocol(HTTP) to deliver files to users that request them, using aweb browser from their workstation.

A Mail Server is a system that is configured with theproper programs and services that enable handling theexchange of e-mail sent from one client to another.The Linux operating system provides file server either in aLinux environment or in a cross-platform environment

consisting of Windows, Macintosh, UNIX, or OS/2workstation.


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There are some programs andsoftware that are essential toadd to a Linux systemregardless of whether it isconfigured as a workstation ora server.Text editors are essential forperforming any type ofmaintenance tasks that a useror an administrator may needto do.Some examples of text editorsavailable in Linux are vi, jed,pico, or Emacs.


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Programming tools are helpful Linux servers as well tospecific users at workstations if they are programmers.These programming tools are also referred to as compilersor interpreters.A complier converts the program source code, which iswritten by the programmer into binary form the computercan read.Common scripting languages include Javascript, Python,and Perl.

Every Linux system relies on a library called the C library(libc). Linux systems rely on the C library for the routinesthat are necessary for C programs to run in Linux.


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When installing a package, the first step should beto always check and make sure that the operatingsystem supports the package.

Generally, any Linux software and package can beinstalled on any UNIX-like operating system.Check CPU requirements, library requirements,and development tools.


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SEKIAN TERIMA KASIH

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1.2 server operating system

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