1.2 summary of ers results-district bahawalpur &...

DELINEATION OF SUBSURFACE LITHOLOGICAL & HYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS

PROJECT: ERS at PUNJAB SAAF PANI PROJECT – Package II 2

1.2 SUMMARY OF ERS RESULTS-DISTRICT BAHAWALPUR &

LODHRAN.

Sr.No District Tehsil Name of

Village

ERS

Point Location Results

7.

Bah

awal

pur

Has

ilp

ur

Chak 195

Murad

VES-1 29.47087

72.54797 All saline from water table to maximum depth of

exploration

VES-2 29.47319

72.54987 All saline from water table to maximum depth of exploration

8.

Chak 188

Murad

VES-1 29.48254


exploration

VES-2 29.48572


exploration

9. Chak 161

Murad

VES-1 29.51390


VES-2 29.51729

72.66105 15.1-20.0 Meter (Fine to Medium Sand with

Marginal quality water )(Res ≈ 30.3 Ohm meter)

10.

Bah

awal

pur

Chak 2 / BC

East, Chak

35/BC East,

Chak 35/BC

VES-1 29.52654

71.53562 13.6-79.7 Meter (Medium to coarse Sand with

Fresh quality water) (Res ≈ 68.1 Ohm meter)

VES-2 29.42462



11.

Khai

rpur

Tam

ewal

i

MochiWala

VES-1 29.51021

72.08736 9.1-49.9 Meter (Medium to coarse Sand with Fresh quality water) (Res ≈ 57.7 Ohm meter)

VES-2 29.50238

72.08915 9.1-49.9 Meter (Medium to Coarse Sand with Marginal quality water) (Res ≈ 35.4 Ohm –m)

12.

Yaz

man

6 DNB

VES-1 29.09833


exploration

VES-2 29.09562


exploration

13.

43 DNB VES-1

29.06513


VES-2 29.06677


14.

Ah

mad

pu

r E

ast

Chak Gobind

VES-1 29.34603



VES-2 29.34656,



15.

Lodhra

n

Lo

dh

ran

Fazal Wala

VES-1 29.52236

71.53577 21.3-85.8 Meter (Medium to coarse Sand with Fresh quality water) (Res ≈152.9 Ohm meter)

VES-2 29.52655

71.53564 15.2-70.0 Meter (Medium to coarse Sand with Fresh quality water) (Res ≈ 78.5 Ohm meter)

16.

Dun

yap

ur

Chak No

219 / WB

VES-1 29.83835



VES-2 29.83519



@A@A@A@A@A

@A @A@A

@A@A@A

@A

@A@A

@A

@A

@A

@A

!.

!.

!.

!.

!.

!.

!.

!.

!.!. Yazman

Hasilpur

Bahawalpur

Ahmedpir East

Khairpur Tamewali

6 DNB43 DNB

Mochiwala

Chak Gobind

Chak 2 BC East

Chak 161 MuradChak 188 MuradChak 195 Murad

Chak 35 BC EastChak 35 BC East

6-L/AP Disty

Uch Disty

Dhari Disty (NP)

Sultan

Disty

Shahiwala Disty

Bahaw

al Disty

4-L/AP Disty

3-L/D.

B Disty

Bagh Ali D

isty

1-R /AP Disty

Mithra Disty NP

Jhandani Disty

Banw

ah Di

sty

2-R/Mithra Disty

Dese

rt Bran

ch

Abbassia Canal

73°0'0"E

73°0'0"E

72°30'0"E

72°30'0"E

72°0'0"E

72°0'0"E

71°30'0"E

71°30'0"E

71°0'0"E

71°0'0"E

70°30'0"E

70°30'0"E29

°30'0

"N

29°3

0'0"N

29°0

'0"N

29°0

'0"N

28°3

0'0"N

28°3

0'0"N

28°0

'0"N

28°0

'0"N

±

0 50 10025Kilometers

Legend

!. Main Cities

@A ERS Points

Roads

Main Canals

Link Canals

Branch Canals

River

District Bahawalpur

1:900,000 30-09-2015Rana FarooqGIS Expert

JV of ACE, SMEC,EGC & ECSP.Submitted To:GEO - DYNAMICSOffice2 Ist Floor, Liaqat Plaza Chowk, Sabzazar -Lahore

Submitted By:

PROJECT: PUNJAB SAAF PANI PROJECT (PSPP)- PACKAGE II Location Map of ERS Sites in District BahawalpurTITLE

DRAWN DESIGNED CHECKED RECOMMENDED APPROVED SCALE DATERana Farooq(GIS Expert) 1:900,000 01-10-15

Figure-2(b)

DELINEATION OF SUBSURFACE LITHOLOGICAL AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS

Site ID: Chak No. 161 Murad, Tehsil: Hasilpur, District: Bahawalpur.

ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY SURVEY

ELECTRICAL SOUNDING FIELD DATA

Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: 161 Murad, Tehsil: Hasilpur .District: Bahawalpur.

Coordinates :( 29.51390, 72.65363) VES No: 01

Date: 3/9/2015 Configuration: Schlumberger

AB/2 MN/2 MN/2 MN/2 MN/2 R1 RES (1) R2 RES (2)

m 0.5m 1m 5m 10m ohm ohm-m ohm ohm-m

2 11.8 1.64 19.35

3 27.5 0.811 22.30

5 77.8 0.311 24.19

7 153.2 75.4 0.155 23.74 0.311 23.44

10 313 156 0.0671 21.01 0.1288 20.10

15 706 352 0.0427 15.04

20 1256 627 0.0208 13.09

25 1963 980 0.0103 10.33

30 2827 1412 275 0.032 8.8 0.0064 9.15

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.0148 7.32 0.0143 7.12

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.0078 6.0

60 5653 1123 550 0.0046 5.16

90 2537 1257 0.0013 3.51

120 4516 2245 0.0006 2.19

Interpretation

Depth Meter

Interpreted Lithology

0.0-0.8 Dry Surface material

(Res ≈13.5 Ohm meter)

0.8-3.4 Dry Silty Clay


3.4-8.5 Moist Fine to medium

Silty Sand (Res ≈ 18.9 Ohm meter)

8.5-31.3

Fine to Medium Sand with saline

quality water (Res ≈ 6.8 Ohm meter)

31.3-120







Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: 161 Murad, Tehsil: Hasilpur. District: Bahawalpur.





2 11.8 4.7 55.46

3 27.5 1.47 40.42

5 77.8 0.414 32.30

7 153.2 75.4 0.204 31.25

10 313 156 0.106 33.17 0.198 30.88

15 706 352 0.044 31.06 0.080 28.21

20 1256 627 0.040 25.08

25 1963 980 0.025 24.5

30 2827 1412 275 0.0146 20.6

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.0070 17.5

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.014 10.89 0.0034 13.5

60 5653 1123 550 0.0087 9.8 0.0016 9.13

90 2537 1257 0.0024 6.3

120 4516 2245 0.0009 4.2

Interpretation

Depth Meter






15.1-20.0

Fine to Medium Sand with marginal


20.0-58.1



58.1-120





THE RESULTS

Based on the interpretation of resistivity soundings i.e. VES No-1 located at (29.51390, 72.65363) and VES No-2 located at (29.51729, 72.66105) & hydrogeological reconnaissance study of the area followings are the results of interpreted ERS data.

Depth to water table varies from 8.5 to 15meter in the area.

Subsurface lithology is dominantly fine to course Sand with inter-bedding of Clay of

variable thickness.

Although interpretation results shows that deep aquifer is saline yet a thin sand layer

containing fresh water has distributed subsurface hydrogeological zones into following

three types;

ZONE ABOVE WATER TABLE

This zone extends from ground level to almost 15 meter depth. The resistivity values

in this zone are haphazard depending upon many natural and cultural factors like

surface materials, their compactness and moisture contents etc.

MEDIUM RESISTIVITY ZONE

Interpreted resistivity values ≈ 25-50 Ohm-m constitutes medium resistivity zone. Interpreted lithology of this zone is predominantly fine to medium grained sand with clay layers of variable thickness.

This zone is just 5 meter thick and has been encountered from 15 to 20 meter depth at VES No-2 only having marginal groundwater quality. Estimated Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the ground water in this zone is ≈ 1200-3000 µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≈ 800-1200 ppm.

VERY LOW RESISTIVITY ZONE

Interpreted resistivity values ≤ 10 Ohm-m falls in low resistivity zone. Interpreted lithology for this zone is predominantly fine to medium grained Sand with clay layers of variable thickness.

This zone is interpreted to be having Saline groundwater quality. Estimated Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the water in this zone is ≥ 5000 µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≥ 2500 ppm.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Since the results of ERS survey conducted in the area shows contaminated water in

both lithological layers below water table so following parameters are recommended;

For limited supply thin medium resistivity zone at VES-2 can be used to draw

marginal quality water from 15-20 meter depth only.

Low Resistivity Zone can be considered favorable for drawing marginal quality water

from water table to 50 meter depth at VESNo.1.

Geophysical logging, comprising SN, LN, SP, SPR and Natural Gamma will be

mandatory in the open hole for safe design and accurate placement of screen/filter.


Site ID: Chak 188 / Murad, Tehsil: Hasilpur, District: Bahawalpur.








2 11.8 2.88 33.9

3 27.5 0.9967 27.41

5 77.8 0.320 24.89

7 153.2 75.4 0.4398 23.4

10 313 156 0.074 23.16 0.1431 22.33

15 706 352 0.032 22.59 0.51 17.95

20 1256 627 0.0308 19.33

25 1963 980 0.1879 18.42

30 2827 1412 275 0.0126 17.91

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.030 14.9 0.0063 15.82

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.0171 13.34 0.0036 14.30

60 5653 1123 550 0.0099 11.15

90 2537 1257 0.0027 7.08

120 4516 2245 0.0013 6.30

Interpretation

Depth Meter




2.3-4.9 Moist Silty Clay


4.9-16.0 Dry Fine to medium

Sand / Hard Silty Clay (Res ≈ 27.0 Ohm meter)

16.0-31.4

Fine to Medium Sand with marginal to

saline quality water (Res ≈ 11.0 Ohm meter

31.4-120












2 11.8 2.49 29.38

3 27.5 0.954 26.23

5 77.8 0.320 24.89

7 153.2 75.4 0.4466 23.76

10 313 156 0.071 22.2

15 706 352 0.030 21.18 0.0601 21.17

20 1256 627 0.017 20.35 0.0344 21.57

25 1963 980 0.0190 18.69

30 2827 1412 275 0.012 16.94

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.0059 14.8

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.014 11.12 0.0031 12.16

60 5653 1123 550 0.0089 10.10 0.0028 15.82

90 2537 1257 0.0029 7.5

120 4516 2245 0.0013 6.3

Interpretation

Depth Meter








15.4-30.7



30.7-120





THE RESULTS

Based on the interpretation of resistivity soundings i.e. VES No-1 located at (29.48254,

72.66744) and VES No-2 located at (29.48572, 72.67052) & hydrogeological

reconnaissance study of the area followings are the results of interpreted ERS data.

Depth to water table varies from 15 to 16 meter in the area.


variable thickness.

Interpretation of VES data shows that three lithological zones with following

hydrogeological conditions have been identified;





LOW RESISTIVITY ZONE

Interpreted resistivity values ≈ 10-25 ohm-m falls in low resistivity zone. Interpreted

lithology of this zone is predominantly fine to medium grained sand with clay layers

of variable thickness.

This zone is interpreted to be having brackish / moderately saline groundwater

quality. Estimated Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the groundwater in this zone is

≥ 3000 µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≥ 1500 ppm.


Interpreted resistivity values ≤ 10 Ohm-m falls in low resistivity zone. Interpreted

lithology for this zone is predominantly fine to medium grained Sand with clay layers


This zone is interpreted to be having Saline groundwater quality. Estimated

Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the water in this zone is ≥ 5000 µs/cm and mineral

content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≥ 2500 ppm.

RECOMMENDATIONS



Search for any alternate location for safe installation of tubewell in the area.

Low Resistivity Zone can be considered favorable for drawing marginal quality water

from water table to 30 meter depth at both VES points.




Site ID: Chak No. 35/BC, Chak No. 2/BC, Tehsil & District: Bahawalpur.



Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: 2 BC (Sharqi),Tehsil & District:Bahawalpur.





2 11.8 1.14 13.45

3 27.5 0.295 8.11

5 77.8 0.080 6.22

7 153.2 75.4 0.0934 4.97 0.072 5.42

10 313 156 0.0183 5.72 0.0374 5.84

15 706 352 0.0201 7.09

20 1256 627 0.0143 9.01

25 1963 980 0.0107 10.50

30 2827 1412 275 0.0095 13.54

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.0307 15.2 0.0060 15.08

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.0257 19.99 0.0049 19.23

60 5653 1123 550 0.0189 21.22

90 2537 1257 0.0105 26.87

120 4516 2245 0.0139 31.2

Interpretation

Depth Meter








13.6-79.7 Medium to Coarse Sand with Fresh quality water (Res ≈ 68.1 Ohm meter)

79.7-120

Fine to Medium Sand with Marginal quality

water (Res ≈ 24.3 Ohm meter)





Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: 35 BC (Sharqi), Tehsil &District: Bahawalpur.


Date:3/9/2015 Configuration: Schlumberger



2 11.8 2.69 31.74

3 27.5 1.04 28.6

5 77.8 0.347 26.99

7 153.2 75.4 0.182 27.8 0.360 27.14

10 313 156 0.087 28.12 0.184 28.7

15 706 352 0.082 28.8

20 1256 627 0.0514 32.22

25 1963 980 0.0356 34.88

30 2827 1412 275 0.0251 35.44

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.014 36.32

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.0331 25.75 0.015 39.31

60 5653 1123 550 0.022 24.70 0.0081 45.78

90 2537 1257 0.0083 21.05

120 4516 2245 0.0042 19.31

Interpretation

Depth Meter









49.9-120 Fine to Medium Sand with

Brackish quality water (Res ≈ 15.7Ohm meter)



THE RESULTS

Based on the interpretation of resistivity soundings and hydrogeological reconnaissance

study of the area following results have been worked out.

Depth to water table lies from NSL to 14 meterin the area.


variable thickness.

The area has been distributed into three major resistivity zones, described below;





HIGH RESISTIVITY ZONE

Interpreted resistivity values ≥50 Ohm-m constitute this zone. The interpreted

lithology for this zone is mainly composed of medium to coarse Sand.

This zone is interpreted to be having fresh groundwater quality. Estimated

Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the groundwater in this zone is 675 - 1200 µs/cm and

mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are 450 - 800 ppm.


Interpreted resistivity values ≈ 10-25 Ohm-m falls in low resistivity zone. Interpreted




quality. Estimated Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the water in this zone is ≥ 3000

µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≥ 1500 ppm.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the results of ERS surveys conducted in the area two hydrogeological

zones have been identified. Following parameters are recommended for safe

installation of tubewell in the area.

High Resistivity Hydrogeological Zone is favorable for drawing fresh water from

water table to 80 meter depth at VES-1and approximately 50 meter depth at VES -2.




Site ID: Chak No. 43 DNB, Tehsil Yazman, District Bahawalpur.



Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: 43 DNB, Tehsil: Yazman .District: Bahawalpur.





2 11.8 2.33 27.5

3 27.5 1.16 31.9

5 77.8 0.392 30.49

7 153.2 75.4 0.4701 25.01

10 313 156 0.06 18.78 0.123 19.18

15 706 352 0.022 15.53 0.043 15.01

20 1256 627 0.025 15.87

25 1963 980 0.0163 16.01

30 2827 1412 275 0.0115 16.23

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.029 14.3 0.0064 16.16

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.018 14.00 0.004 15.96

60 5653 1123 550 0.013 15.01

90 2537 1257 0.0051 13.19

120 4516 2245 0.0022 10.07

Interpretation

Depth Meter


0.0 - 0.8 Dry Surface material


0.8 -3.2 Dry Silty Clay




12.0-44.5

Fine to Medium Sand with Marginal


44.5-120

Fine to Medium Sand with Brackish






Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: 43 DNB, Tehsil: Yazman. District: Bahawalpur.





2 11.8 1.2 14.16

3 27.5 0.356 9.7

5 77.8 0.127 9.9

7 153.2 75.4 0.078 11.9 0.1647 12.42

10 313 156 0.044 13.77 0.096 14.97

15 706 352 0.0525 18.50

20 1256 627 0.0296 18.56

25 1963 980 0.018 17.66

30 2827 1412 275 0.0119 16.91

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.030 14.85 0.006 15.07

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.018 14.00 0.0036 14.21

60 5653 1123 550 0.011 12.35

90 2537 1257 0.0031 8.06

120 4516 2245 0.0011 5.06

Interpretation

Depth Meter








11.9-35.9

Fine to Medium Sand with Brackish


35.9-120 Fine to Medium

Sand with saline water (Res ≈ 3.9 Ohm meter)



THE RESULTS

Based on the interpretation of resistivity soundings i.e. VES No-1 located at (29.06513, 71.37565) and VES No-2 located at (29.06677, 71.37501) & hydrogeological reconnaissance study of the area following results have been deduced from the study.

Depth to water table lies from NSL to 12meter in the area. Subsurface lithology is dominantly fine to course Sand with inter-bedding of Clay of

variable thickness. The area has been distributed lithlogically into three major resistivity zones but hydrogeologically seems uniform as described below; ZONE ABOVE WATER TABLE

This zone extends from ground level to almost 12 meter depth. The resistivity values in this zone are haphazard depending upon many natural and cultural factors like surface materials, their compactness and moisture contents etc.


Interpreted resistivity values ≈ 10-25 Ohm-m falls in low resistivity zone. Interpreted lithology of this zone is predominantly fine to medium grained sand with clay layers of variable thickness.

This zone is interpreted to be having brackish / moderately saline groundwater quality. Estimated Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the water in this zone is ≥ 3000 µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≥ 1500 ppm.


Interpreted resistivity values ≤ 10 Ohm-m falls in low resistivity zone. Interpreted lithology for this zone is predominantly fine to medium grained Sand with clay layers of variable thickness.

This zone is interpreted to be having Saline groundwater quality. Estimated Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the groundwater in this zone is ≥ 5000 µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≥ 2500 ppm.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Since the results of ERS survey conducted in the area shows contaminated water in both lithological layers below water table so following parameters are recommended;


Low Resistivity Zone can be considered favorable for drawing marginal quality water from water table to 50 meter depth at VESNo.1.

Geophysical logging, comprising SN, LN, SP, SPR and Natural Gamma will be mandatory in the open hole for safe design and accurate placement of screen/filter.





Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: Chak 195 Murad, Tehsil: Hasilpur. District: Bahawalpur.





2 11.8 4.2 49.56

3 27.5 1.98 32.45

5 77.8 0.3107 24.18

7 153.2 75.4 0.462 24.58 0.3084 23.26

10 313 156 0.078 24.41 0.161 25.11

15 706 352 0.0571 20.13

20 1256 627 0.031 19.43

25 1963 980 0.0166 16.31

30 2827 1412 275 0.0094 13.29

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.02 9.9 0.002 5.02

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.0110 8.6 0.0021 8.4

60 5653 1123 550 0.0068 7.7

90 2537 1257 0.0025 6.5

120 4516 2245 0.0013 5.9

Interpretation

Depth Meter


1.40.0 Dry Surface material






10.9-24.8



24.8-120












2 11.8 6.09 71.86

3 27.5 2.13 58.57

5 77.8 0.538 41.85

7 153.2 75.4 0.220 33.66

10 313 156 0.099 30.98 0.200 31.21

15 706 352 0.0411 29.05 0.092 32.38

20 1256 627 0.046 28.84

25 1963 980 0.0230 22.60

30 2827 1412 275 0.012 16.94

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.032 15.84 0.0055 14.06

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.0168 13.12 0.0034 13.67

60 5653 1123 550 0.009 10.49

90 2537 1257 0.0029 7.5

120 4516 2245 0.0013 6.13

Interpretation

Depth Meter








14.6-29.9



29.9-120 Fine to Medium Sand

with saline quality water (Res ≈ 5.5 Ohm meter)



THE RESULTS



reconnaissance study of the area followings are the results of interpreted ERS data.

Depth to water table varies from 11 to 15 meter in the area.


variable thickness.

Interpretation of VES data shows that three lithological zones with following

hydrogeological conditions have been identified;






Interpreted resistivity values ≈ 10-25 Ohm-m falls in low resistivity zone. This zone

has been encountered at VES No-2 at 15 to 30 meter depth. Interpreted lithology of

this zone is predominantly fine to medium grained sand with clay layers of variable

thickness.


quality. Estimated Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the groundwater in this zone is ≥

3000 µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≥ 1500 ppm.


Interpreted resistivity values ≤ 10 Ohm-m falls in low resistivity zone. Interpreted



This zone is interpreted to be having Saline groundwater quality. Estimated

Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the formation water in this zone is ≥ 5000 µs/cm and

mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≥ 2500 ppm.

RECOMMENDATIONS



Low Resistivity Zone can be used for drawing brackish to saline quality water for

RO/UF plant up to 30 meter depth at VES No. 2 only.




Site ID: Chak No. 6 DNB, Tehsil: Yazman, District: Bahawalpur.



Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: Chak 6 DNB, Tehsil: Yazman. District: Bahawalpur.





2 11.8 0.491 5.79

3 27.5 0.240 6.6

5 77.8 0.1028 8

7 153.2 75.4 0.1597 8.5

10 313 156 0.029 9.10 0.060 9.50

15 706 352 0.0119 8.43 0.0247 8.7

20 1256 627 0.0128 8.01

25 1963 980 0.0074 7.26

30 2827 1412 275 0.0044 6.35

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.0108 5.36 0.0020 5.18

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.0055 4.91

60 5653 1123 550 0.0037 4.21

90 2537 1257 0.0012 3.1

120 4516 2245 0.0005 2.7

Interpretation

Depth Meter


0.0-1.1 Moist Surface material (Res ≈3.8 Ohm meter)

1.1-5.7 Moist Silty Clay / Sand (Res ≈12.9 Ohm meter)



12.7-42.7 Fine to Medium Sand

with saline water (Res ≈ 4.0 Ohm meter)







Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: Chak 6 DNB, Tehsil: Yazman. District: Bahawalpur.





2 11.8 1.17 13.8

3 27.5 0.730 15.01

5 77.8 0.243 18.9

7 153.2 75.4 0.3385 18.01

10 313 156 0.054 16.90 0.109 17.0

15 706 352 0.022 15.72 0.045 15.84

20 1256 627 0.024 15.0

25 1963 980 0.0138 13.61

30 2827 1412 275 0.0085 12.0

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.020 9.9 0.0041 10.21

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.010 7.78 0.0018 7.23

60 5653 1123 550 0.006 6.73

90 2537 1257 0.0019 4.91

120 4516 2245 0.0008 3.86

Interpretation

Depth Meter


0.0-0.6 Moist Surface material (Res ≈7.1 Ohm meter)

0.6-7.3 Moist Silty Clay / Sand (Res ≈22.3 Ohm meter)

7.3-15.9


saline quality water (Res ≈ 11.9 Ohm meter)

15.9-47.8 Fine to Medium Sand






THE RESULTS



reconnaissance study of the area following results have been deduced from the study.

Depth to water table varies from 5.7 to 7.3 meter in this village.


variable thickness.

The area has been distributed lithlogically into two major resistivity zones i.e. zone

above water table and very low resistivity zone as described below;


This zone extends from ground level to almost 7.5 meter depth. The resistivity

values in this zone are haphazard depending upon many natural and cultural factors

like surface materials, their compactness and moisture contents etc.


Interpreted resistivity values ≈ 10-25 ohm-m falls in low resistivity zone. Interpreted

lithology of this zone is predominantly fine to medium grained sand with clay layers



quality. Estimated Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the groundwater in this zone is

≥ 3000 µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≥ 1500 ppm.


This zone is interpreted immediately below water table with resistivity values ≤ 10

Ohm-m and water quality is uniform throughout the depth of exploration while

change in lithology has been detected at both ERS points from 42 to 46 meter depth.

This zone has Saline groundwater quality with Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the

water in this zone is ≥ 5000 µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids

(TDS) are ≥ 2500 ppm.

RECOMMENDATIONS




Saline water is available which can be extracted for treatment or filtration plant.




Site ID: ChakGobind, Tehsil:Ahmadpur East, District: Bahawalpur.



Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: Chak Gobind, Tehsil: Ahmadpur East. District: Bahawalpur.





2 11.8 1.58 18.64

3 27.5 0.684 18.81

5 77.8 0.340 26.45

7 153.2 75.4 0.6601 35.12

10 313 156 0.151 47.25 0.313 48.82

15 706 352 0.091 64.24 0.189 66.52

20 1256 627 0.131 82.13

25 1963 980 0.0899 88.14

30 2827 1412 275 0.067 94.6

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.178 88.11 0.034 87.91

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.1044 81.24 0.0206 80.85

60 5653 1123 550 0.0685 76.92

90 2537 1257 0.0219 55.81

120 4516 2245 0.0104 47.17

Interpretation

Depth Meter





(Res ≈ 11.8 Ohm meter)




36.4-120







Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: Chak Gobind, Tehsil: Ahmadpur East. District: Bahawalpur.





2 11.8 1.47 17.34

3 27.5 0.815 22.41

5 77.8 0.430 33.45

7 153.2 75.4 0.8494 45.19

10 313 156 0.180 56.34 0.375 58.5

15 706 352 0.097 68.48 0.202 71.10

20 1256 627 0.133 83.39

25 1963 980 0.0981 96.17

30 2827 1412 275 0.072 101.66

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.045 113.0

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.167 129.9 0.029 113.8

60 5653 1123 550 0.110 123.5 0.019 107.4

90 2537 1257 0.040 101.55

120 4516 2245 0.021 95.25

Interpretation

Depth Meter




0.9-2.7 Moist Silty Clay/sand





80.6-120





THE RESULTS


71.26558) and VES No-2 located at (29.34656, 70.26075), following results have been

derived;

Depth to water table varies from 13 to 16 meterin the area.


variable thickness.









This zone is interpreted to be having fresh groundwater quality. Estimated

Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the fresh water in this zone is 675 - 1200 µs/cm and







quality. Estimated Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the water in this zone is ≥ 1500

µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≥ 1000 ppm.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the results of ERS surveys conducted in the area two hydrogeological

zones have been identified. Following parameters are recommended for safe

installation of tubewell in the area.

High Resistivity Hydrogeological Zone is favorable for drawing fresh water from

water table to 80 meter depth at VES-2 and approximately 36 meter depth at VES-1.




Site ID: MochiWala, Tehsil: KhairpurTamewali, District: Bahawalpur.



Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: Mochi Wala, Tehsil: Khairpur Tamewali. District: Bahawalpur.





2 11.8 2.5 29.5

3 27.5 1.25 34.37

5 77.8 0.6443 50.13

7 153.2 75.4 0.406 62.19 0.8168 61.59

10 313 156 0.2445 76.54 0.4841 75.53

15 706 352 0.240 84.48

20 1256 627 0.1421 89.13

25 1963 980 0.0915 89.69

30 2827 1412 275 0.0638 90.10

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.144 71.29 0.029 72.8

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.0889 69.23 0.0174 68.47

60 5653 1123 550 0.0531 59.67

90 2537 1257 0.0165 42.11

120 4516 2245 .00712 32.19

Interpretation

Depth Meter




1.2-13.0 Dry Silty Clay / sand



35.4-64.1

Medium to Coarse Sand with marginal quality

water (Res ≈ 36.4 Ohm meter

64.1-120

Fine to Medium Sand with Brackish quality






Project: Punjab Saaf Pani Project Location: Mochi Wala, Tehsil: Khairpur Tamewali. District: Bahawalpur.





2 11.8 10.69 126.14

3 27.5 2.34 64.35

5 77.8 0.3132 24.37

7 153.2 75.4 0.2736 14.56 0.1884 14.21

10 313 156 0.059 9.21

15 706 352 0.0200 7.06

20 1256 627 0.0103 6.5

25 1963 980 0.0061 6.01

30 2827 1412 275 0.021 5.77 0.0042 5.98

40 5026 2512 495 236 0.0139 6.91 0.0027 6.87

50 7853 3925 778 377 0.0103 8.06

60 5653 1123 550 0.0082 9.26

90 2537 1257 0.0055 14.12

120 4516 2245 0.0033 15.21

Interpretation

Depth Meter




1.2-5.7 MoistSilty Clay / sand


5.7-25.4 Moist Clayey Silty Sand


25.4-105.2

Medium to Coarse Sand with marginal quality

water (Res ≈ 35.4 Ohm meter

105.2-120

Fine to Medium Sand with brackish quality




THE RESULTS


72.08736) and VES No-2 located at (29.50238, 72.08915), following results have been

deduced;

Depth to water table at VES-1 is 13 meter while at VES-2 (Located in desert) is at

24 - 26 meter.


variable thickness.



This zone extends from 14 to 25 meter depth in the area. The resistivity values in

this zone are haphazard depending upon many natural and cultural factors like





This zone having thin contribution of 20 meters only at VES-1is the prominent

feature and is interpreted to be having fresh groundwater quality. Estimated

Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the fresh water in this zone is 675 - 1200 µs/cm and


MEDIUM RESISTIVITY ZONE

Interpreted resistivity values ≈25-50 Ohm-m constitutes medium resistivity zone.

Interpreted lithology of this zone is predominantly fine to medium grained sand with

clay layers of variable thickness.

The contribution of this zone has been interpreted at VES-1 from 35 to 65 meter

depth while at VES No-2 it extends from 26 to 105 meter depth having marginal

groundwater quality. Estimated Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the fresh water in

this zone is ≈ 1600 - 2400 µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids

(TDS) are ≈800-1200 ppm.





This zone is interpreted to be having brackish/moderately saline groundwater

quality. Estimated Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the fresh water in this zone is≥

2400 µs/cm and mineral content i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) are ≥ 1200 ppm.



RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the results of ERS surveys conducted in the area three hydrogeological zones have been identified. Following parameters are recommended for safe installation of tubewell in the area.

High Resistivity Hydrogeological Zone is favorable for drawing fresh water from water table to 36 meter depth at VES-1 only.

Marginal quality water can be drawn from Medium Resistivity Hydrogeological Zone at both ERS points up to 100 meter depth.

Geophysical logging, comprising SN, LN, SP, SPR and Natural Gamma will be mandatory in the open hole for safe design and accurate placement of screen/filter.

1.2 summary of ers results-district bahawalpur &...

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