Chapter 12: WATERLearning Target Vocabulary Word Definition Facts or Examples Symbol/PictureLesson 1

I can state how people and other living things use

water…

habitat a __________ where an organism _________and obtains all the things it

needs to________.

Living things need _________ in order to carry out their _________ ___________. In

addition, many living things _________ in water. Water provides_____________ for

many living things.

I can describe how Earth’s water is

distributed…

oceans List the 4 major oceans:

____________________________________________________

_____ % of Earth’s ___________ water is found in oceans

icemost of Earth’s ________

water is frozen into __________ of ice

they sometime break off into floating chunks

called icebergs

only _____% is fresh water(and 2/3 of that is ________

in huge masses near________s)

North America’s

Great Lakes

contain about ____% of all the water in the

world’s _________ water lakes

groundwaterwater that fills the ___________ and

___________ in underground ________

and rock layers.

Far more fresh water is located ______________than in all of Earth's rivers and

_____________

I can explain how Earth’s water

moves through the water cycle…

water cycle

continuous __________by which water moves form

Earth's _________ to the ___________and back,

driven by energy from the ______ and ____________.

evaporation

process by which _____________at the

surface of a ___________ absorb enough________

to change to a _______________ state

transpirationprocess where water is given off through the l____________ as water

____________

part of the water cycle

precipitation water that falls to Earth as rain, _____________

, _____________or _____________

most falls directly into _______

most of precipitation that falls on land_____________, just a small amount _____

off

source of almost all fresh

water on & below Earth’s surface has remained fairly

______________– rates of evaporation & precipitation

are ___________________

runoff precipitation that runs in to ___________and

___________

most seeps in to ________________

Lesson 2

I can tell what a river system is…

tributaries __________and smaller rivers that feed into a

_____________river

flow ____________toward the main river, pulled by force

of _____________

watershed The__________ area that supplies __________ to a

river system

sometimes known as ___________ basins

We are part of the ______ River watershed which

flows into the ____________ River watershed, which covers nearly 1/3 of U.S.

divide a _________ of land that separates one

____________from another.

The Great Divide is also called the ______________ Divide and is the longest

divide in N.A. It follows the line of the

_______Mountains.

I can explain how ponds and lakes

form…

ponds and lakes

ponds are smaller and _________than lakes

____________ usually reaches the ________ of all

parts of a pond

supplied by________, melting snow, ice and

________

form when water collects in ________or low-lying areas

of landoxbow lake a river may ________and

________as it encounters ________in

its path. A new channel might form cutting off a loop. The cut off loop may become an oxbow

lake.

lake formation

types:1) ________ lake

2) ________created by ice sheets melted at

end of________ Age3) __________

4) people/dams

reservoir a lake that stores water for ________ use.

People can create a reservoir by building a

dam.

I can describe the changes that

occur in ponds and lakes…

eutrophication

a process in which ___________ build up in a ________ over time

________use these nutrients and spread, forming a layer on the lake's________. When the algae layer becomes so

thick that it blocks ________t, plants die . . .

________can also cause or increase eutrophication

(________from farms)Lesson 3

I can describe how water moves

through underground

layers of soil and rock…

permeable materials that ________water to pass through or permeate

________and ________are permeable materials

impermeable water cannot pass ________through the

material.

materials that have few or no ________ or ________or

the pores are very ________Ex. clay, ________

unsaturated zone

________layer of soil that contains________

as well as water and is not saturated or

________ with water

saturated zone

________in the ground are saturated or

________ with wateroften reaches

________into Earth

water table ________of the saturated ________

I can explain how people obtain water from an

aquifer…

aquifer any underground layer of ________ rock or ________ that holds

water and allows it to ________

Can range in size from a small patch to an area the size of several________. Can provide water for millions

of________ , as well as crops and________.

Aquifers are ________ unlimited sources of water

artesian well water ________on its own because of

________ within an ________

ressure sends water ________ up through the

hole, no ________ is necessary

Lesson 4

I can describe the common types of

freshwater wetlands…

wetlandland area that is

covered with a ________ layer of water during

some or all of the________ .

Wetlands help control ________ and provide

________ for many species. They form in places where

water is t________ in low areas or where

groundwater seeps to the________.

Ex. ________in Florida

marshes usually ________areas covered by

________water or streams

a ________water wetland

swampslook more like

flooded________, with trees and ________ sprouting from the

water

a fresh water wetlandlocated in warm,

________climates where trees grow ________

bogsoften form in

________left by pieces of ________ ice sheets from ________ of years

ago

a freshwater wetlandmore common in ________

areas

water tends to be ________ and ________thrive in these

conditions

salt marshes grasses grow in rich ________

located along the east and west ________ of

the U.S.

a ________ wetland

contains both fresh and salt water

mangrove forests

short mangrove trees have thick, ________

roots

found along the ________ cost of the

U.S.

a ________ wetland

contains both fresh and salt water

I can explain important

functions that wetlands serve…

important to wildlife: _____________ waters and rich supply of ________,

wetlands proved habitats for many living things

important to people: act as ________ water ________. They help control floods by ________ extra runoff from

heavy rains.Lesson 5

I can identify what causes surface currents and explain how

surface currents affect climate…

currentlarge stream of

________ water that flows through the

oceans

Currents carry ________ from one place to another (unlike ________ that only

carry energy)

Coriolis effect the effect of Earth's ________ on the

________ of winds and currents

In the Northern hemisphere, the Coriolis

effect causes the currents to curve ________ . In the

Southern hemisphere, they curve _____________.

Gulf Stream the largest and most powerful ________

current in the North ________ Ocean

Caused by strong winds from the ________ . Moves ________ water from the

Gulf of Mexico to the ________ Sea, then along

the coast of the U.S.

climatepattern of ________

and ________ typical of an area over a ________

period of time

The Gulf Stream has a ________ effect on the climate of nearby land areas. ________ affect

climate by moving cold and warm water around the

________.

El Nino

unusual pattern of winds in the W.

________ that causes a vast sheet of ________

water moves east toward the S.

___________ coast.

Warm water prevents the cold ________ water from

moving to the surface. This shifts weather ________

(happens every ________ yrs)

La Nina when surface waters in the ________ Pacific are ________ than normal.

Typically brings ________ than normal winters and ________ precipitation to

the Pacific NW and N ________ U.S.

.

I can identify the causes of deep currents and describe the

effects that deep currents have…

deep ocean currents

Deep ocean currents are created by

differences in water ________ . Cold or salty

water is ________ dense & ________, warm or less salty water is _______ dense and

________

These currents are connected, and are

sometimes called the ocean “________ belt.” One circuit can take ________ years to

complete.

Learning Targets Chapter 12

Lesson 1

I can explain why water is important. . .All living things need ____________ to carry out their _______________ ______________. In addition, may living things live in water.

I can explain where water is found. . .Most of Earth's ________________ water - roughly ____ percent - is __________ water found in oceans. Only __________ percent is _______________ water.

I can explain how Earth’s water moves through the water cycle . . .

In the water cycle, water moves between ___________, ____________ things, bodies of ____________ on Earth's _______________ and the atmosphere.

Lesson 2

I can explain what a river system is . . .

A river and all the ____________ and smaller ____________ that flow into it together make up a river ___________.

I can explain what ponds and lakes are and how lakes can change.

Ponds and lakes form when water collects in _______________ and _____________________ areas of land.

Natural _______________ and ____________ activities can cause lakes to _____________________.

Lesson 3

I can tell how water moves underground …

Water underground ______________ down between particles of __________ and through ___________ and spaces in ___________ of rock.

I can explain how people use groundwater …

People can obtain ___________________ from an _____________________ by drilling a _____________ below the ___________ _______________.

Lesson 4

I can explain what wetlands are and why they are important . . .The three common types of _____________________ wetlands are ________________, __________________ and _________________.

Wetlands provide ________________ for many living things.

Wetlands act as natural ________________ _________________ and help control ____________.

Lesson 5

I can explain what causes surface currents . . .Surface currents are driven mainly by ________________. A surface current warms or cools the __________ above it, affecting the ___________________ of the land near the _______________.

I can explain what causes deep currents . . .

Deep currents are caused by _____________________ in the _______________ of ocean water. They move and ______________ water around the world and carry __________ from the poles toward the _________________.