123 go to section: 4 5 article i, section 8 article i, section 8 (u.s. debt clock)u.s. debt clock...
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123 Go To Section: 4 5 Money Powers Chapter 11, Section Power to tax Direct – Income Indirect – gas, cigarettes 2.Power to borrow – government bonds 3.Commerce Power – regulate trade Cannot tax exports, favor certain ports over others, or charge vessels fees to enter states 4. Currency Power 5. Bankruptcy Power – establish laws for declaring bankruptcy 5555TRANSCRIPT
11 22 33Go To Go To Section:Section: 44 55
Article I, Section 8 Article I, Section 8 (U.S. debt clock)
Chapter 11, Section 3Chapter 11, Section 322 4411 55
11 22 33Go To Go To Section:Section: 44 55
Strict Versus Liberal ConstructionStrict Versus Liberal Construction
Strict Constructionists
• Strict constructionists, led by Thomas Jefferson, argued that Congress should only be able to exercise (1) its expressed powers and (2) those implied powers absolutely necessary to carry out those expressed powers.
Chapter 11, Section 1Chapter 11, Section 122 33 44 55
Liberal Constructionists
• Liberal constructionists, led by Alexander Hamilton, favored a liberal interpretation of the Constitution, a broad interpretation of the powers given to Congress.
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Money PowersMoney Powers
Chapter 11, Section 2Chapter 11, Section 233 4411
1. Power to taxDirect – Income
Indirect – gas, cigarettes
2. Power to borrow – government bonds
3. Commerce Power – regulate tradeCannot tax exports, favor certain ports over others, or charge vessels fees to enter states
4. Currency Power
5. Bankruptcy Power – establish laws for declaring bankruptcy
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Federal SpendingFederal Spending
Chapter 11, Section 2Chapter 11, Section 233 4411 55
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Foreign Policy and War PowersForeign Policy and War Powers
1.Declare War
2.Raise and Support an army
3.Provide and maintain a navy
4.Senate must approve of all treaties
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Other Expressed PowersOther Expressed Powers
1.Naturalization - the process by which citizens of one country become citizens of another
2.The Postal Power – to establish and maintain the post office
3.Copyrights and Patents A copyright is the exclusive right of an author to reproduce,
publish, and sell his or her creative work. Life of the author + 50 years.
A patent grants a person the sole right to manufacture, use, or sell “any new and useful art, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter.” 20 year limit.
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More Expressed PowersMore Expressed Powers
Chapter 11, Section 3Chapter 11, Section 322 4411 55
4. Weights and Measures
5. Judicial Powers – Create new courts, approve judicial appointments and impeach judges
6. Territorial Powers - Congress has the power to acquire, manage, and dispose of various federal areas.
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Implied PowersImplied Powers
Chapter 11, Section 4Chapter 11, Section 422 3311 55
1. Can broaden any of the expressed powers
2. The Necessary and Proper Clause gives to Congress the power: “To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper. . .”
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Non-legislative PowersNon-legislative Powers
Chapter 11, Section 5Chapter 11, Section 533 4411 22
1.Amendment – may propose with 2/3rds vote
2.Electoral – select president when there is no winner in the electoral college
3.Impeachment – judges and the president
4.Appointment – must approve of all presidential appointments
5.Investigatory