12.3.12 Intro to newtons Laws

12.3.12newtons 1st LawObjective: The student will investigate and describe applications of Newtons law of inertia, law of force and acceleration, and law of action-reaction such as vehicle.

Starter: **Write the problem in your STARTER section**Count the atoms in the following formulas:4 Al2(SO3)32 (NH4)3PO45 ZnSO4 P: Vocab Break DownObjective: The student will investigate and describe applications of Newtons law of inertia, law of force and acceleration, and law of action-reaction such as vehicle.

Investigation: to observe or study by close examination and systematic inquiry

Describe: to represent or give an account of in words describe a picture; to represent by a figure, model, or picture.

Newton: A unit of measurement for force, named after Sir Isaac Newton.

Inertia: The tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion.

Law: A body of observations. Scientific laws explain things, but they do not describe them. One way to tell a law and a theory apart is to ask if the description gives you a means to explain 'why'.

Force: A push or pull.

Acceleration: When the velocity of an object changes

Action: Is an assertion about the nature of motion from which the trajectory of an object subject to forces can be determined.

Reaction:

Newtons 1st LawAn object at rest, tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion, tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction, unless acted upon by an outside force. Objects resist change in motion.The more mass an object has, the greater its inertia.

Bill Nye Inertia

A- Inertia Cup activityWrite these questions and answer:

What happened to the water as it was being passed around?Explain how this activity relates to Newtons 1st Law?Explain what inertia had to do with this activity.Think of another example of inertia. Explain your example.C- What is the effect of force when (what happens to the force):Brakes are applied to a moving carA football lying on the ground is kickedA basketball player catches a pass

E- ReflectionWrite about todays lesson. Use the key words such as force, speed, unbalanced force, energy. Be sure to write about the activity and how it demonstrated Newtons Laws! Now describe what example you will be using for you Newtons Law Project, and how it relates to todays lesson.

12.5.12newtons 2nd LawObjective: The student will investigate and describe applications of Newtons law of force and acceleration, by looking at different examples.

Starter: Draw and label the Bohr model of Beryllium. Write how many protons, neutrons, electrons, and valence electronsTEK Break downObjective: The student will investigate and describe applications of Newtons law of force and acceleration, by looking at different examples.

P- Newtons 2nd Law of Force and Acceleration

Write these questions in your journal:1.Which vehicle will accelerate more quickly? Why?2. Which vehicle will be more difficult to move? Why? (Use your vocabulary words)It takes more force to move an object with a larger mass and they accelerate at a slower pace. However, once moving they are more difficult to stop.It takes less force to move an object with a smaller mass and they accelerate at a faster pace. They will come to a stop faster than a more massive object13It takes more force to move an object with a larger mass and they accelerate at a slower pace. However, once moving they are more difficult to stop.It takes less force to move an object with a smaller mass and they accelerate at a faster pace. They will come to a stop faster than a more massive object.For exampleIf the force remains constant, smaller masses will have greater acceleration compared to larger masses.

If the force remains constant, larger masses will have less acceleration compared to smaller masses.

F=ma F=ma For examplesmall mass = greater acceleration

large mass = less accelerationForce is same for different masses. Larger masses are slower to accelerate, and smaller masses are quicker to accelerate.15Newtons Law of Force and AccelerationIf the mass of an object remains constant, then acceleration increases as the force increases.

ALWAYS identify the force, mass, and acceleration variables to see which ones are constant.

Mass is the same with different amounts of force. If the mass of two objects is equal and the forces applied to them are different, then the object with the larger force will have greater acceleration.16Recap VideoNewton's 1st Law and FootballNewton's 2nd Law and FootballA- Agree/ Disagree/JustifyScenario:50 N of force is applied to three different masses of balls.Ball A- 70 g ballBall B- 50 g ballBall C- 30 g ball1. Use the formula F = ma to calculate the acceleration of each ball. Explain the process.Note: Since a Newton is equal to kg/m/s/s, we must first convert our mass to kg. (grams 1000 or move the decimal three places to the left) You may use a calculator to do this.2. Agree or disagree with the following statement, and support your answer with evidence using Newtons laws.Ball C will travel the farthest distance, while Ball A will travel the least distance.C- Sketch a real life example of the 2nd law with a description.

E- Using 5 vocabulary words recap on what we learned today12.5.12newtons 3rd LawObjective: The student will investigate and describe applications of Newtons law of action-reaction.

Starter: **Write down the steps you took to get your answer**What is the speed of a jet plane that travels 528 meters in 4 seconds?How much force is required to accelerate a 50 kg mass at 4 m/s2?

P- Newtons Law of Action-Reaction"For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction."

Reaction

Action

21Newtons Law of Action-ReactionAll forces act in pairs.

The action force acts on one object, while the reaction force acts on a second object.

This is not a cause-effect relationship.

The forces occur simultaneously. Newtons 3rd Law in Football

A. Write the question down Each Question and answer in your journalWrite the question down Each Question and answer in your journal

3. A tennis racquet hits a tennis ball. Why doesn't the racquet swing backwards when the ball hits it? (Shouldn't it swing back because of action-reaction forces?)

4. How is shooting a shotgun related to Newton's Third Law?The racquet does not swing backwards because the force of your arm keeps it fromgoing back. The action force is the ball hitting the racquet (which your arm absorbs),the reaction force is the racquet pushing back on the ball causing it to go back across the net.When shooting a gun the action force is the gunpowder in the shell pushing on thelittle BBs in the shotgun shell. The reaction force is the BBs pushing backwards. Thisbackwards force gets transferred to the gun and eventually to your shoulder (holding thegun). This is known as the kick of the shotgun.C-Name 3 examples of Newtons action-reaction law and how it can be applied to real life. Examples must be different examples from the ones we have discussed today.E-Label what law applies to the following:An apple falls from a tree and hits you on top of the head.

You are in a car and the person driving suddenly slams on the brakes. Your body leans forward but your seat belt keeps you in the seat.

Consider the flying motion of birds. A bird flies by use of its wings. The wings of a bird push air downwards. In turn, the air reacts by pushing the bird upwards