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9 de Diciembre, 1997.

COMENTARIOS AL PEQUEO EXAMEN APLICADO:L! "re#$%&! '%ic!: "(%er )!* &re* c(*!* +$e m* %(* -$bier!% im"!c&!d( de) C$r*(, !+$))( +$ec(%*ider!m(* m* e*e%ci!), *i !)#$%( /i%ier! 0 %(* "re#$%&!r! +$ e* )( +$e -!* !"re%did(23

1 4 L)!m! )! !&e%ci5% +$e m$c-(* %( &$/ier!% c!*i c(%&!c&( %i c(%(cimie%&( !%&eri(r de )! DSI,+$e de*c$br!% "(r "rimer! /e6 +$e )! I#)e*i! *e i%&ere*! "(r )(* "r(b)em!* *(ci!)e*.

4 M$c-(* *$br!0!% )! dimensin evolutivade )! DSI. 8!0 $% b$e% #r$"( +$e de*&!c! e) c!mbi(+$e *e d! ! "!r&ir de) !&ic!%( II. L( +$e %( re*$)&! r!r(, "$e* )( -em(* dic-( m$c-(...

4 Tem!* c(%cre&(*, 0! de c(%&e%id(*:! 4 E) &em! de )!propiedad.

b 4 E) trabajo.c 4 E) c(%ce"&( de bien comn, !$%+$e !)#$%(* "!rece% ide%&i;ic!r)( c(% e) . e) *i%dic!)i*m( ( e) c()ec&i/i*m(.E*c(#e e*&e &em! 0 )( eF")ic! e% e) N b: "(r+$e e) &r!b!>( e* )! "er*"ec&i/! m* !dec$!d!, e)criterio #tico $undamental para comprender todos los problemas sociales . E*&( e* im"(r&!%&e,

"(r+$e %(* d! $%! b$e%! "i*&! "!r! e%&r!r e% e) &eF&(, 0 %(* -!ce /er !d5%de -em(* ))e#!d( e% )!e/()$ci5% de )! DSI. 8em(* id( /ie%d( c5m( "(c( ! "(c( *e -! id( re;(rm$)!%d( e*&e "r(ce*(,de*de e) %;!*i* de )! RN e% )! "r("ied!d, -!*&! )! ce%&r!)id!d de) &r!b!>( e% )! LE. E) e*+$em! de

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)! E%cc)ic!, c(mie%6! "(r !c)!r!r ( de;i%ir )( +$e e* e) &r!b!>(: ".e>. c$!%d( e*&i* )e0e%d( e*&(*D(c$me%&(*, e* e*( &r!b!>(2 B *i !)#$%! /e6 +$eri* )eer $% D(c$me%&( "(r #$*&(2

C;. INDICE:I 4 I%&r(d$cci5%.II 4 E) &r!b!>( 0 e) -(mbre.

III 4 E) c(%;)ic&( e%&re &r!b!>( 0 c!"i&!) e% )! "re*e%&e ;!*e -i*&5ric!.I 4 Derec-(* de )(* -(mbre* de) &r!b!>(. 4 E)eme%&(* "!r! $%! e*"iri&$!)id!d de) &r!b!>(.

J U%! !c)!r!ci5%: e) D(c$me%&( "(%e m$c-( )! ;r!*e (=, +$e *e "$ede &r!d$cir*im")eme%&e "(r !d(r=. De )!* @ "!r&e*, )!* m* ;$%d!me%&!)e* *(% )! 0 )! , +$e

"!rece% -!ber *id( (ri#i%!ri!me%&e $% di*c$r*( +$e P II deb! "r(%$%ci!r e% )! *ede de )! OIT e%Ki%ebr!, "er( %( "$d( -!cer)( "(r e) !&e%&!d( +$e *$;ri5. P!rece &!mbi% +$e e% e*e "eri(d( )!r#(de c(%/!)e*ce%ci! ;$e c$!%d( &ermi%5 de red!c&!r e*&e D(c$me%&(.

? 4 De*!rr())! $%! re$le%in antropolgica & teolgica. 8!0 e% P II $%! "re(c$"!ci5% "(r %(eFc)$r %i%#$%( de e*&(* %i/e)e*: *(ci!), ;i)(*5;ic(, !%&r("()5#ic(, &e()5#ic(. Se re;)eFi(%! ".e>. e%

)! "!r&e *(bre e) &r!b!>( ! "!r&ir de) '#nesis0 )$e#( *e e%&r! e% $%! re;)eFi5% m* ;i)(*5;ic!. Sec(%c)$0e c(% e) &r!b!>( c(m( cri&eri( &ic( ;$%d!me%&!) de )!* c$e*&i(%e* *(ci!)e*.P!r&e : E*&e "ri%ci"i( de) &r!b!>(: -! *id( re*"e&!d( e% )(* *i*&em!* ec(%5mic(* -i*&5ric(*2P!rece *er +$e %i e) c!"i&!)i*m( %i e) c()ec&i/i*m( )( -!% -ec-(. B -!ce e%&(%ce* $%!* "r("$e*&!*.P!r! de*i#%!r !) *(ci!)i*m( $&i)i6! e) &rmi%( (, 0 @ )! espiritualidadde) &r!b!>(, +$e e% #r!% "!r&e re"r(d$ce&eF&(* de )! KAUDIUMETSPES.

Me /(0 ! ce%&r!r e% los dos temas $undamentales de )! LE: E) &r!b!>( 0 )(* *i*&em!*

ec(%5mic(*: c!"i&!)i*m( 0 c()ec&i/i*m(.

A 4 De) trabajo, )( "rimer( e* *!ber +$ e%&ie%de ) "(r &r!b!>(. P!r! e*&( e* m$0 im"(r&!%&e )eerde*"!ci( e) "rr!;( ?c: e) &r!b!>( c(m( ( *e re;iere !) &r!b!>( ( -!0 $%! "er*(%!, $% *$>e&(. E%&(%ce*, )!*e*"eci;ic!ci(%e* de) &r!b!>( *e de%(mi%!% ( (b>e&i/(=, 0 e) &r!b!>!d(r, ( *$b>e&i/(=. Tercer(, P II i%dic! )! prioridad del trabajo subjetivo sobre el trabajo objetivo. C$!%d( *e-!b)! de eFi#e%ci!* &ic!* de) &r!b!>(, /! "(r !-. B &(d( e*&e C!"&$)( II /ie%e ! *&(: ! *$br!0!r )!

"ri(rid!d de) &r!b!>( *$b>e&i/(, de )! "er*(%! de) &r!b!>!d(r. T!mbi%, &e%em(* +$e /er +$e c$!%d() -!b)! de) &r!b!>( %( *e re;iere *5)!me%&e ! )! !c&i/id!d i%di/id$!), *i%( ! *$ dime%*i5% c()ec&i/!.L( re)e/!%&e e% )! *(cied!d m(der%! %( e* )( +$e -!ce $% *$>e&(, *i%( )( +$e *e "r(d$cec()ec&i/!me%&e. i>!(* ".e>. c$!%d( -!b)! de) "r(d$c&( de) &r!b!>( c(m( "!&rim(%i( de#e%er!ci(%e*: $%! c(*! +$e %(*(&r(* $&i)i6!m(* G$%! me*! de c(med(r, $% (rde%!d(r, e&cH +$ e*)( +$e -!0 de&r* de e))!2 +$ -i*&(ri! e* )! +$e "(*ibi)i&! +$e $% &r!b!>!d(r c(%cre&( "r(d$6c! e*e

bie%2 A- *e d! $%! !c$m$)!ci5% ! &r!/* de #e%er!ci(%e*, $%! -i*&(ri! de) &r!b!>( -$m!%( +$e"(*ibi)i&! $%! m!0(r "r(d$c&i/id!d. P II ))e#! ! )! c(%c)$*i5% de +$e *i $%( !%!)i6! &ic!me%&e e)c!"i&!)i*m( ( e) c()ec&i/i*m(, *e /e +$e !mb(* -!% c!d( e% e) err(r de) economicismo 0 de)m!&eri!)i*m(. Q$e *i#%i;ic! "reci*!me%&e )! i%/er*i5% de) "ri%ci"i( &ic(: !mb(* -!% d!d( )!

prioridad al trabajo objetivo sobre el subjetivo. Per( ;i>!(* +$e !+$ -!0 $% c!mbi( %(&!b)e e% e)&r!&!mie%&( de )(* *i*&em!* ec(%5mic(*. P$e* !%&eri(rme%&e *e e%;(c!b!% *iem"re )(* !*"ec&(* e%

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+$e *e di;ere%ci!% c!"i&!)i*m( 0 *(ci!)i*m(, 0 !+$ e% !+$e))( +$e c(i%cide%, +$e e* e% e) d(b)e err(rde) ec(%(mici*m( 0 e) m!&eri!)i*m(.

4 De )(* sistemas econmicos, c!". III, N* 1 0 1?. E) dice: e) "$%&( ;$%d!me%&!) de) c(%;)ic&(e%&re e) c!"i&!)i*m( 0 e) c()ec&i/i*m( c$) -! *id(2 L! i%&er"re&!ci5% de )! "r("ied!d: "(r+$e )(*cr&ic(* de) c!"i&!)i*m( "e%*!b!% +$e )! "r("ied!d "ri/!d! er! e) (ri#e% de) m!), de) err(r de)

c!"i&!)i*m(, +$e c(%*i*&! e% )! *$b(rdi%!ci5% de) &r!b!>( *$b>e&i/( !) &r!b!>( (b>e&i/(. P(r e*( diceP II: )(* +$e i%&e%&!r(% c(%*&r$ir $% *i*&em! !)&er%!&i/(, c(m"re%dier(% !cer&!d!me%&e +$e e)c!"i&!)i*m( -!b! c!d( e% $% err(r ;$%d!me%&!), 0 "e%*!r(%: !d(re* 0E*&!d(, )(* em"re*!ri(* e*&!b!% di*"$e*&(* ! !$me%&!r e) *!)!ri( m%im( G"(r+$e /e!% +$e c(% &!%

b!>( "(der !d+$i*i&i/(, e))(* mi*m(* e*&!b!% "erdie%d(, 0 +$er!% e*&im$)!r $% "(c( e) c(%*$m( de)!* m!*!*H "er( e) E*&!d( *e )( im"idi5, "(r+$e *i *$b!% )(* *!)!ri(*, *e !$me%&!r! )! i%;)!ci5%, 0%( *e c$m")ir!% )(* %dice* eFi#id(* "(r e) MI. B "(r+$e !) *er m* b!>(* )(* *!)!ri(*, -!0m!0(r er!. De d(%de *e /e +$e %( -!0 i%&er* "(r )!* "er*(%!* de)(* &r!b!>!d(re* 0 *$* ;!mi)i!*, *i%( +$e *e *i#$e c(%*ider!%d( *$ &r!b!>(, 0 ! )(* &r!b!>!d(re*mi*m(*, c(m( $%! merc!%c! %e#(ci!b)e. L( +$e me "re#$%&( e*: podra desempear la OIT uncierto arbitraje en la fijacin de los salarios mnimos? A quin puede recurrir el obrero encircunstancias como stas, donde resulta que al perro ms flaco se le car!an las pul!as"? #como I!lesia, no tendramos que tomar ms decididamente la defensa del salario familiar comoposibilidad de una $ida di!na para los trabajadores?

4 C;. N 4 E) &em! de) &r!b!>( c(m( merc!%c! &!) /e6 *e "re*e%&! m* cr$d!me%&e e% e) trabajode los emigrantes, +$e e% )$#!r de re*()/er*e, "!rece e*&!r crecie%d( d! c(% d!, "(r e) i%creme%&(de )!* de*i#$!)d!de* e%&re N(r&e 0 S$r. E% )! E%cc)ic! *e )e &r!&! c(m( !d(re* de )! %!ci5% !%;i&ri(%!. A-(r!

bie%, *!bem(* +$e e*&(* derec-(* r!r*im! /e6 *(% c$m")id(*, 0 +$ed!% c(m( $&("! ( ! )( *$m(c(m(

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(b*&!c$)i6!d! "(r /!))!*, #$!rdi!*, r!d!re*, "!&r$))!*, e&c., )( mi*m( e% )! ;r(%&er! de MFic( c(%)(* EEUU +$e e% )!* de) S$r de E*"!!. B "(r (&r! "!r&e, e* bie% *!bid( +$e ! )(* i%mi#r!%&e* *e)e* (;rece% )(* "e(re* &r!b!>(*, )(* m* d$r(* 0 -$mi))!%&e*, "$e* )(* de) I M$%d( %( +$iere%&(m!r)(*. B +$e c(% )! emi#r!ci5% /ie%e% !dem* &(d! $%! *erie de m!)e*, de*de )! eF")(&!ci5%de*"i!d!d! -!*&! )! de*i%&e#r!ci5% ;!mi)i!r, "(r %( -!b)!r de )! "rdid! de )(* /!)(re* c$)&$r!)e* 0re)i#i(*(*. E*& c)!r( +$e -!0 i%&ere*e* ec(%5mic(* de "(r medi(, 0 mie%&r!* +$e )!

merc!%c!4( de ilegales= *i#! *ie%d( !"e&ecib)e "!r! )(* em"re*!ri(*, )(* #(bier%(* *e -!ce%de )! ( e*& e% rie*#( "(r )! e/()$ci5% &ec%()5#ic! 0 )! de*i#$!) di*&rib$ci5% %( *5)( de )! ri+$e6!,*i%( de )(* "r(ce*(* "r(d$c&i/(* Ge% )(* +$e ))e#!% ! e*&!b)ecer*e m(%("()i(* de de&ermi%!d(* "!*e*0 de de&ermi%!d!* em"re*!* +$e !c!"!r!% )! eFc)$*i/! de )!* . Microso$tH.P!rece +$e )! e/()$ci5% &ec%()5#ic! ")!%&e! e% )(* "!*e* i%d$*&ri!)i6!d(* )! %ece*!ri! red$cci5% de)! >(r%!d! )!b(r!), c(m( c(%*ec$e%ci! de) i%creme%&( de )! "r(d$c&i/id!d de) &r!b!>(. P$e* re*$)&!+$e +$ed! *iem"re $% re*&( de "(b)!ci5% +$e m$0 di;ci)me%&e e%c(%&r!r em")e(. B )! c(*! *e!#$di6! *i "!*!m(* !) III M$%d(, e% d(%de cier&(* !r&c$)(* 0 m!&eri!* !%&e* "r(d$cid!* *e -!%-ec-( . e) -(mbre ese) *$>e&( de) &r!b!>(. Se "$ede (b>e&!rr: $%&( de ide!* e i%&$ici(%e* im"(r&!%&e*. E*&! &!re! de i%&ermedi!ri(* e* m$0 im"(r&!%&e.C(m( ! /ece* )(* &eF&(* *(% di;ci)e*, )(* *im")i;ic!m(* eFce*i/!me%&e, 0 %( e* )( m* c(%/e%ie%&e.Si% emb!r#(, * "!rece +$e e% e) c!*( de )! LE -$bier! *id( b$e%( d!r)e $%!

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J E) )e%#$!>e de )! LE G! di;ere%ci! de )! SRS +$e )$e#( /erem(*H i%&e%&! *er "reci*(: c$!%d( *e-!b)! de (, e%&e%did( c(m( $%! ( e% %$e*&r! *(cied!d e* %( *5)( $%! !c&i/id!d &r!%*i&i/!, *i%( $%! !c&i/id!d

"r(d$c&i/!, +$e #e%er! $% /!)(r ec(%5mic(. A* c$!%d( decim(* +$e )! m$>er &ie%e derec-( !&r!b!>!r, %( %(* re;erim(* ! )!

"$ede &r!%*;(rm!r)!4*(me&er)!. E*& c)!r( +$e c(% e) &rmi%( !(* +$e e*&! &!re! *e "(%e e% re)!ci5% c(% )! (br! cre!d(r! deDi(*. L! !c&i/id!d -$m!%! %( -!0 +$e e%&e%der)! de*c(%ec&!d! de )! !c&i/id!d di/i%!. i>!(*:

"rimer(, !)$*i5% !) &eF&( de) K%e*i*, )$e#( *e !=, 0 /ie%e $% !%)i*i* m* e%"r(;$%did!d, -!ci! e) ( (b>e&i/(= GN @H 0 !) ( *$b>e&i/(= GN H.

J C$!%d( *e -!b)! de +$e e) -(mbre /! *(me&ie%d( 0 d(mi%!%d( )! e&i/(, -! de *er/ir ! )!re!)i6!ci5% de *$ "er*(%!. E*&!m(* e% $% &erre%( c)!r!me%&e &ic(. N( /!)e !r#$me%&!r c(% )!re!)id!d, dicie%d( +$e de -ec-( -!0 m$c-( &r!b!>( de*-$m!%i6!d(r, e*( %( c(%/ier&e e% ;!)*! e*&!!;irm!ci5%, !$%+$e * %(* "$ed! ))e/!r ! decir: Vme%$d( c!mi%( %(* +$ed! "(r rec(rrerWJ E) &eF&( bb)ic( *e re;iere %( *5)( ! )! dime%*i5% (b>e&i/! de) &r!b!>(, *i%( +$e %(* i%&r(d$ce*im$)&%e!me%&e e% )! c(m"re%*i5% de *$ dime%*i5% *$b>e&i/!. E) &r!b!>( e%&e%did( c(m( e)

"r(ce*( "(r e) +$e e) #%er( -$m!%( *(me&e )!

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-(mbre *e re!)i6! ! * mi*m( e% e*&e "r(ce*(. C$) e* e) /!)(r de) &r!b!>(2 N( e) *5)( "r(d$c&( (re*$)&!d(, *i%( e) -ec-( ;$%d!me%&!) de +$e e* $%! !c&i/id!d &ic!. A+$ *e /e )! c(%&r!"(*ici5% de)(* (b>e&i/( 0 )( *$b>e&i/(: e) /!)(r de) &r!b!>( %( /ie%e de *$ e&i/!=, *i%( de +$e

"r(/ie%e de !)#$ie% +$e e* "er*(%!. A* ".e>. e) /!)(r *$b>e&i/( de) &r!b!>( de $% !)b!i) %( e* me%(r+$e e) de $% !r+$i&ec&(, "$e* e% !mb(* c!*(* -!0 $%! "er*(%! de&r*, "(r m* +$e *e! di;ere%&e *$%i/e) de e*&$di(* V0 de i%#re*(*W3 e% !mb(* c!*(* *e &r!&! de *$>e&(* c(%*cie%&e* 0 )ibre*. E*&( -!

&e%id( 0 *i#$e &e%ie%d( $% *i#%i;ic!d( "rim(rdi!).

N 9: T!mbi% &ie%e "re#$%&!* de /$e*&r! "!r&e. L(* %'mer(* 9 0 1 *(% $% i%&e%&( derec$"er!ci5% ! $% %i/e) %( -i*&5ric(. ( e*& di#%i;ic!%d( !)-(mbre, *i%( +$e e* $% bie% +$e eF"re*! *$ -$m!%id!d. Medi!%&e e) &r!b!>( %( *5)( &r!%*;(rm! e)*er -$m!%( )! %!&$r!)e6!, *i%( +$e *e re!)i6! ! * mi*m(. A-(r!, *i *e dice +$e e) &r!b!>( e* e)

$undamento de la vida $amiliar, +$ "!*! c(% )(* +$e %( &ie%e% &r!b!>(2 N( -!ce ;!)&! "re#$%&!r)e! P II "!r! /er +$e )! &ie%e% di;ci).J C(% re*"ec&( !) e&( %( e* e) i%di/id$(, *i%( )! c()ec&i/id!d. P(r +$ -(0 -em(*))e#!d( ! e*&e %i/e) de d(mi%i(2 P(r+$e *(m(* -ereder(* de $% "!&rim(%i( de )! -$m!%id!d. L(+$e -(0 e* %$e*&r! *(cied!d, e) c(%>$%&( de rec$r*(* di*"(%ib)e*, +$e %( *(% *5)!me%&e rec$r*(*%!&$r!)e*, %(* "ermi&e% &e%er e) %i/e) de /id! +$e !-(r! &e%em(*. P(r e*( e*&! %( e* $%!c(%*ider!ci5% "$r!me%&e &e5ric!, *i%( de c!rc&er #e%er!). Si#%i;ic! +$e &(d( e*( e* "(*ib)e "(r e)e*;$er6( de m$c-!* #e%er!ci(%e* !%&eri(re*. E*&( %( %ie#! )! "r("ied!d "ri/!d!, "er( * )e d! (&r(*e%&id(: +$e -!0 $% e&i/(. 0 e) c()ec&i/(*(bre e) i%di/id$!)23

COMENTARIOS A LA LAOREM EXERCENS ;i%!). 17 de Diciembre, 1997.

A")ic!ci5% de $% "e+$e( eF!me%, c(me%&!ri( !) &eF&( de LE, 1!: Se &i&$)!: Ec(%(mi*m(0 M!&eri!)i*m(. 0 *e $bic! e% )! P!r&e III: on$licto entre trabajo & capital en la presente $ase(istrica. L! e%!, c(% )! c(%&r!"(*ici5% &r!b!>(4c!"i&!). L! di*&i%ci5% !%&e* c(%*ider!d! e%&re ( (b>e&i/(=0 ( *$b>e&i/(= *e c(%/ier&e !+$ e% )! di*&i%ci5%

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