13 colonies: founding america. puritans vs. pilgrims puritans: wanted to escape church of england...
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13 colonies:Founding America
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Puritans vs. Pilgrims
• Puritans: wanted to escape Church of England and start new to “purify” it
• Pilgrims: wanted to break completely away from the Church of England …aka “Separatists”• Both settled in Massachusetts
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Colony
• Colony• An area that is under control by another
country and is occupied by those settlers.
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Plymouth Colony
• 1st major colony (1620)- Massachusetts
• Established by pilgrims seeking religious freedom from Protestant Church.
• Came over on the Mayflower ship.
• Wrote Mayflower Compact • 1st legal document in New World.• 1st sign of self-government in New World!!!!
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New England Colonies
• New Hampshire•Massachusetts• Connecticut• Rhode Island
•Main source of income:
• Fishing, timber, shipping
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Middle Colonies
• New York• Pennsylvania• Delaware• New Jersey
•Main source of income:
• Farming
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Southern Colonies
• Maryland• Virginia• North Carolina• South Carolina• Georgia
• Main Source of income:• Cash crops (cotton,
tobacco)• Plantations
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Characteristics of New England and Middle Colonies• Higher birth rates…greater population…more cities
• Better transportation (boats, carriages)
• Industry #1…controlled production of goods.
• New York becomes #1 trade/business town
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Characterizes of Southern Colonies
• Wide gap between rich and poor
• Slaves were made to work the land
• Agriculture #1- plantation system (cotton and tobacco)
• Few cities and lower populations…plantations housed everything that was needed to live.
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Slaves
• Sold to landowners to work on farms under harsh conditions
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Indentured Servant
• People who came over to colonies to start a new life.• Landowners paid their way.• To pay off debts, they worked on plantations.
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Government in Colonial Times
• Town Meetings• Plymouth, MA.• Everyone comes together and
votes on issues and make laws…still seen today!
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Government in Colonial Times
•Mayflower Compact • Signed by Pilgrims coming over on
Mayflower ship from England.
• Document stating they were still loyal to the King of England but wanted to have their own laws.
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Government in Colonial Times
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Document sent to King of England from colonists wanting their own laws.
1ST WRITTEN CONSTITUTION OF NEW WORLD
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Government in Colonial Times
Jamestown, VA
Joint-Stock Colony When wealthy English men
put money together and invested in a trading company
Began to export tobacco to England
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Mercantilism• When one nation exports resources to another
country to produce goods and is sold back at a higher price.
• Example: cotton sent from America to Europe to make clothes.
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Government in Colonial Times
• Plantation Systems•division of the land into
smaller units under private ownership
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Government in Colonial Times
• Salem Witch Trials
• 1629: Salem, MA is settled• 1641: English law makes witchcraft illegal
• 1688: Goodwin children exhibits strange behavior and a woman is hanged, charged with witchcraft
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Government in Colonial Times
• Salem Witch Trials
• 1692: more children in Salem start exhibiting strange behavior.
• 1692: 52 arrest warrants are issued for several men and women who are suspect of performing witchcraft.
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Government in Colonial Times
• Salem Witch Trials
• 19 men and women were hanged as a result of being a “witch”
• Finally, the governor made it illegal to accuse and try someone without factual evidence.
• The remaining accused were set free.
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• http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/ASAL_DE.HTM
• http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/salemprocedure.HTM
• http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/salemlessons.html