13115-ksn cpd 2013 v5 - scsi.ie retrofit – programme – introduction – building regulations tgd...

RESIDENTIAL RETROFIT

Supported by William Scott

Chris Grady & Michael Slevin

RESIDENTIAL RETROFIT – Programme

– Introduction– Building Regulations TGD L – Dwellings– Case Study 1 - 4 Bed Semi, Deep Retrofit– Case Study 2 – ESB HALO 3 Bed Semi-D– Case Study 3 – DEHLG 2010 Energy Efficiency

Programme– SEAI Schemes and Grants– Opportunities for QS

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INTRODUCTION

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Improved energy performance – the drivers

Source DoECLG

INTRODUCTION

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Primary Energy Related CO2 by Sector, 1990 – 2011Source: SEAI annual report 2012

INTRODUCTION

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Source DoECLG

A progression to low / zero carbon housing

New attitude + new knowledge + more tools + heightened diligence

Reduced demand for energy + increasing use renewables diligence

�� Easy----------challenging-----------very difficult ��

Building Regulations TGD L 2011 -Dwellings

• Technical Guidance Document Part L 2011– Some transitional arrangements to Nov 13

• Applies to – Newly constructed dwelling– Window door and boiler replacements in existing

dwellings – New extension to existing dwelling– Existing dwelling undergoing material alteration– Existing building undergoing change of use to become

dwelling(s)• Protected structures are exempt

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TGD L 2011 – Section 0: General guidance

• Application - New Dwellings1. Whole dwelling performance (MPEPC, MPCPC)

2. Component minimum performance levels (backstop)– Renewables– Fabric insulation– Air permeability– Boiler efficiency– Building services controls– Insulation pipes, ducts, vessels– Mechanical ventilation– Performance of completed building

3. User Information

We look at these in sequence ………….

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TGD L 2011 – Section 1: New dwellings

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• Whole Dwelling Performance

– Limits on primary energy and CO2 (DEAP)• Maximum Permissible Energy Performance Coefficient

MPEPC 2011 = 0.4 (60% reduction on 2005 regs dwelling)

• Maximum Permissible Carbon Performance Coefficient MPCPC 2011 = 0.46 (54% reduction on 2005 regs dwelling)

Use of backstop / minimum elemental standards in TGD will not meet maximum permissible performance coefficients for primary energy and CO2

Be sure you meet your MPPCs before you start building!


• Renewable energy

– 10kWh/m2 water or space heat or

– 4kWh/m2 electrical energy

using•Solar thermal•PVs•Biomass/biofuels•Heat pumps•Wind etc.•Combined heat and Power (CHP)

– Installers must be FETAC (or eq) qualified in the technology

CIF IGBC TGDL 2011 William Scott 9


– Building Fabric - U-values improved 20 – 25%

CIF IGBC TGDL 2011 William Scott

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Superseded 2008


CIF IGBC TGDL 2011 William Scott 11

• Building Fabric – Thermal Bridging– Specific compliance options

• Use Acceptable Construction Details – Appropriate Y factor for DEAP = 0.08

or

• Use details from ACDs and / or other certified details (using modelling software IS EN ISO 10211 compliant) for all key junctions and

• Calculate transmission heat loss coefficient Htb using ψvalues for ACDs as detailed in App D or for other certified details


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• Building Fabric – Thermal Bridging - Background

– Y value is critical, for example: DEAP A3 dwelling

• Typical opaque elements U-value ~ 0.14– If Y= 0.02, corrected U = 0.16

– If Y= 0.08, corrected U = 0.22, BER is worse by 13%

– If Y= 0.15, corrected U = 0.29, BER is worse by 30%

• Y value also increases U-value of glazed openings and doors

(Good TB detailing is free, PH standard ~ cost + 1.5%)


• Building Fabric – Air Permeability– Permeability is relevant to entire building envelope

• Max 7m3/(h.m2) under q50 test (accredited tester)

• Methodology– (Define required performance, big benefit DEAP if lower

permeability achieved; heat load down by 30 – 75%)– Identify air barrier elements, VCLs, breathers

– Use ACDs or better details and specify, communicate to those involved in construction

– Responsibility for construction of details should be established.

– QA regime / procedures / air-tightness tests to meet goal

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• Building Services – Hot water storage vessels, pipes, ducts– Hot water storage tanks get 50mm factory applied PU

foam (30kg/m3) or eq– Pipework insulation

• All heating pipes insulated to specified standard unless directly contributing useful heat to space

• Primary circuit (boiler to tank) insulated• All hot pipes connected to hot water storage tank to be

insulated for minimum 1m from connection to tank• Insulation to attic tank / pipes noted


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• Building Services - Boilers / heating– Refer to the HARP database

• Gas or oil boilers, hwch > 90% seasonal efficiency� Condensing boiler technology

• Biomass boiler, hwch > 77% seasonal efficiency

– Effective control of space and water heating• Thermostat and separate time control space heating• Thermostat and separate time control stored water heating• Interlock to boiler or eq – no demand, no activity• Small dwellings also can use TRVs• Dwellings >100m2 need 2 or more heat zones with separate

time and thermostat controls.


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• Construction Quality, Commissioning of Services– Reasonable QA measures during construction– Checks & assessments at completion to ensure

compliance and design aims are met– All to be aware of importance of envelope integrity– Provide user with sufficient information to allow fuel /

energy efficient operation– The building– Fixed building services, maintenance

» O&M Manuals specific to system» Time and temperature settings» Routine maintenance

– Air permeability result

TGD L 2011 – Section 2: Existing dwellings

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• Applies to existing dwellings– Extensions – Change of use to a dwelling

– Material alteration

• Sets minimum performance levels for components• Fabric insulation

– Extensions – Table 1 (as new build)– Material alterations, Change of use – Table 5

• Thermal bridging– Diagram 2 and ACDs

• Air permeability– No test– ACDs and Diagram 3

• Boiler efficiency – as new build• Building services controls – as new build• Insulation pipes, ducts, vessels – as new build• Windows generally U-value < 1.6

TGD L 2011 – The effect on practice & procedure

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• Brief / Design– Establish energy and BER targets– Allocate budgets – Agree both with client– Design smart for energy – use orientation, form, opes, technologies

• Detail design / tender– Set lines of VCL, insulation

• Comprehensive details, robust, continuous, buildable, maintainable• If you don’t have detail drawings, you cannot price it or build it!

– Comprehensive specification– Allocate design and construction responsibilities

• Construction– Site training, briefing, inspection, review, commission and test

Case Study 1 - 4 Bed Semi, Deep Retrofit

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� 210sqm 1930s extended semi-d refurbished in 2010

• The fabric

• The services

• The DEAP and real life results

Building Fabric Improvement Workshop - As Built Case Study

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Concrete floor on insulation, UConcrete floor on insulation, U--value 0.15value 0.15

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Building Fabric Improvement Workshop Building Fabric Improvement Workshop -- As Built Case As Built Case

StudyStudy

MAIN ROOFMAIN ROOF

quilt, Uquilt, U--value = value = 0.120.12

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Building Fabric Improvement Workshop Building Fabric Improvement Workshop -- As Built Case StudyAs Built Case Study

EWI UEWI U--value = 0.14 value = 0.14

Cold bridges very Cold bridges very limitedlimited

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Building Fabric Improvement Workshop Building Fabric Improvement Workshop -- As Built Case StudyAs Built Case StudyIWI UIWI U--value = value = 0.25 0.25 Cold bridgesCold bridges

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•EWI takes out a lot of cold bridges•Insulation continuous from wall to flat roof and on to wall again•Beams are under insulation

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Building Fabric Improvement Workshop Building Fabric Improvement Workshop -- As Built Case StudyAs Built Case StudyTriple glazed Triple glazed windows to rear windows to rear UU--value 1.0 value 1.0 Doors UDoors U--value 0.85value 0.85Double glazed Double glazed windows to front windows to front UU--value 1.4 value 1.4 No rooflights to No rooflights to prevent heat prevent heat loss at shaftloss at shaft

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AIR TIGHTNESS = 0.139ACH

Block 3 chimneys =

Duct to room-sealed wood stove

Blank duct to future enclosed fire, currently open fire with closing damper

lobby

lobby

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AIR TIGHTNESS

Sealed and insulated trapdoors, sealed to ceiling membrane

28Rickaby Thompson Associates | Scott+MacNeill 28

Infiltration ~ 0.139 ac/hr

Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery (MVHR)

1.25W/(l/s)

82% exchanger efficiency

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Solar water – Raised it to maximise sunlight after Sketchup exercise

Aperture area = 3m2, Zero loss efficiency = 0.83, Heat Loss Coeff =1.14

Bird protection and joint insulation snagged later

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Water heating:

Solar for 8 months backed up by gas boiler, 75mm factory insulated tank

Tight distribution –minimum dead legs

Water conservation taps

Building Fabric Improvement Workshop - As Built Case Study

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SPACE HEATING

Gas condensing boiler 91% efficient

5 zoned timers , thermostats and 100% rads have TRVs

Enclosed room-sealed wood burning stove in kitchen has ducted air supply

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LIGHTING – 95% low energy, FL, CFL or LED

No recessed downlighters at first floor

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� TOTAL HEAT LOSS = 190W/K • To keep house at 20C when external temp is say 5C needs

15 (K difference) x 190 = 2.85kW - much of this comes from occupancy, lighting and appliances

� CO2• Main Space Heating System = 728 kg/yr

• Secondary Space Heating System = 14 kg/yr

• Water Heating System = 538 kg/yr

• Pumps and fans = 691 kg/yr

• Renewables = 0

• Total 2559 kg/yr

� BER A3 (was G originally)

� Energy = 66.1 kWh/m2/yr

� CO2 = 13.15 kgCO2/m2/y

DEAP year DEAP kWhr Metered kWhr Euro (2011)

Space Heat 4150

Water heat 2652

Gas 6802 7882 425

Electric pumps, fans, lights 1988 3424 584

(incl cooking & appliances)

Case Study 2 - ESB Halo 3 Bed Semi-D

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• HALO was a free independent home energy survey which ESBEnergy Services' offered to homeowners.

• Developed to support Ireland's 20% energy reduction target by 2020.

• Consisted of a home energy audit followed by an assessment of energy saving proposals

• Homeowners were issued a report outlining energy saving recommendations, estimated capital costs, payback periods and carbon savings.

Case Study 2 - Survey Process

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• Survey assessed energy efficiency and proposed upgrades of :

• Attic Insulation• Rafter Insulation• External Wall Insulation• Cavity Wall Insulation• Internal Wall Insulation (Dry Lining)• Boiler Efficiency• Heating Controls• Lighting• Air Tightness• Sample Halo Survey-cavity KSN ENERGY R2 xls.pdf


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Case Study 2 - Recommendations

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Case Study 2 - Paybacks

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Case Study 2 - Data Collection

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Case Study 2 - Data Outputs

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Case Study 2 - Summary

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• Overall Summary:

• Potential Energy Savings : € 579 per yr. 1,821 KgsCO2 per yr.

Case Study 2 - Conclusion

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• Consistency of advice to public is required to create trust in the market

• Sample Halo Survey-cavity KSN ENERGY R2 xls.xlsx

• Incentive to try to stimulate the market

• Good public feedback and appreciation

• Role is suitable to an experienced or upskilled surveyor

Case Study 3– DEHLG 2010 Energy Efficiency Programme

• Conducted pre-works BER report & resultant BER on behalf of Local Authorities

• Consisted of the following:• Conduct pre-works BER survey

• Input data on DEAP software

• Calculates actual energy value• Enters perceived upgrade works to achieve improved BER

• Each report is bespoke to take into consideration individual tenant needs

• Report is generated and issued to engineer• Once upgrade works are finished a revisit is required to verify

works are complete• Engineer is advised of findings / snags

• Upon satisfactory completion a post works BER is conducted and certificate produced

Property address: 66 St. Patrick's Park, Springfield, Co. CorkDescription of property: 2 storey, 3 bedroom, end of terraceGross internal floor area: 82 sq. m.Year of construction: 1982Current energy rating: 350 kWh/m2/year Current BER Rating: E2Current heating source: Oil-fired boiler, 70% efficiency New BER Rating: C1

Step Proposed Interventions

Energy saving

(kWh/m2/yr)

Revised energy rating

(kWh/m2/yr)

Annual energy saving

(kWh/yr)

Fuel cost per kWh

(€uro) 1

Energy savings

per annum (€uro)

Capital cost

(€uro) 2

Payback period

(years) 3

1Add 250mm additional glass fibre insulation to the attic

24 326 1,968 €0.0665 €130.87 €990 7.56

2Inject full fill cavity wall insulation to all external walls

32 294 2,624 €0.0665 €174.50 €1,740 9.97

3Install 100% low energy fixed lighting bulbs (10 no. light fittings)

12 282 984 €0.0665 €65.44 €180 2.75

4Replace existing boiler with high efficiency boiler (95%).

31 251 2,542 €0.0665 €169.04 €3,000 17.75

5 Provide TRVs to all radiators (8 no. ) 15 236 1,230 €0.0665 €81.80 €400 4.89

6Adapt existing pipework and controls to provide independent service to hot water cylinder.

9 227 738 €0.1093 €80.63 €675 8.37

7Replace hot water storage cylinder with factory insulated cylinder

13 214 1,066 €0.0665 €70.89 €550 7.76

8Replace existing single-glazed windows with double-glazed units - 8 no. in total

35 179 2,870 €0.0665 €190.86 €9,000 47.16

9 Draught-proofing measures to reduce air changes per hour 15 164 1,230 €0.0665 €81.80 €420 5.13

10 Insulate primary pipework 5 159 410 €0.0665 €27.27 €300 11.00

Totals: €1,073 €17,255 16.08

Notes:

1 Energy costs available from the SEI website. For the purposes of this example, gas oil is costed at €0.0665 and electricity is costed at €0.152 per kWh. In the case of Intervention

No. 6 it is assumed the the enegy saving is 50% gas oil and 50% electricity and therefore the energy cost is assessed at half the total of the cost of both energy sources.

2 Capital cost to include VAT on construction costs and design/management costs.

3 The approach to calculating the payback period is simple, in that it does not take account of future costs in terms of inflation/discounting. However, it is sufficient for the

purpose of identifying the most cost-effective interventions.

4 Though the payback period for replacement windows is difficult to justify in its own right, when combined with the other proposed interventions an overall payback period of 15

years is achieved.

5 Cells coloured 'green' require user input; cells coloured 'yellow' are automatically calculated

Proposal under DEHLG 2010 Energy Efficiency Programme (Worked Example)

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Property address: 15 Foyleview Crescent, MovilleDescription of property: 3 Bed Semi detached House.Gross internal floor area: 80.28 sq. m.Year of construction: 1997Current energy rating: 401.14 kWh/m2/year Current BER Rating: F

Current heating source: New BER Rating: B2

Step Proposed Interventions

Energy saving

(kWh/m2/yr)

Revised energy rating

(kWh/m2/yr)

Annual energy saving

(kWh/yr)

Fuel cost per kWh

(€uro) 1

Energy savings

per annum (€uro)

Capital cost

(€uro) 2

Payback period

(years) 3

1

Install new (OFCHS) complete with; new oil condensing boiler (95%) Seasonal Efficiency (Source HARP Database), new 3 channel 7 day programmer, 2 room thermostats (1 Upstairs & 1 Downstairs) and TRVs fitted throughout (3 zones - 1 DHW & 2 Space Central Heating). Install new 50mm thick factory insulated cylinder; fit new hot water cylinder thermostat complete with fully insulated primary pipework to hot-press areas upstairs & downstairs with close attenetion to well taped cosy wrapping on all knuckle joints & wire for boiler interlock also. (C1 Achieved)

237 164 19,014 €0.0665 €1,264.40 €4,800 3.80

2

Remove range cooker to kitchen blocking off open flue permanently; Fit new (75%) (Source HARP Database) Seasonal Efficient Multi-solid fuel stove or fire insert stove in place of open fire to living room as room heater only, whereby converting chimney to open flue. (C1)

12 152 975 €0.0665 €64.86 €1,800 27.75

3Top up attic insulation from 100mm to 300mm overall depth. Attic door also to be insulated & fully draught stripped. (B3 Achieved)

7 145 595 €0.0665 €39.56 €900 22.75

4Pumped top-up Insulation to cavity walls achieving a new U-Value of 0.29 W/m2K or better (Certified) ( B3)

14 131 1,101 €0.0665 €73.19 €1,100 15.03

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Installing solar water heating system min 3.20 m2 of aperature area of evacuated tube solar collector Thermomax HP 400 (30) O.E.A to South West Rear facing roof at 30 degree pitch and new max 300 L combined factory 50mm insulated hot water cylinder with solar part one third of total volume for contribution to DHW. (Full certified data specification in accordance with IS EN 12975-2 required upon completion) (B2 Achieved)

13 118 1,042 €0.0665 €69.30 €4,000 57.72

Totals: €1,511 €12,600 8.34Notes:

1 Energy costs available from the SEI website.

2 Capital cost to include VAT on construction costs and design/management costs.

3 The approach to calculating the payback period is simple, in that it does not take account of future costs in terms of inflation/discounting. However, it is sufficient for the purpose of

identifying the most cost-effective interventions.

4 Cells coloured 'green' require user input; cells coloured 'yellow' are automatically calculated

Proposal under DEHLG 2010 Energy Efficiency Programme

Stanley S/F Range Cooker c/w Integral Boiler & Open S/F Fire.

SEAI Grants and Schemes

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Energy Efficient Works Incentive

Cash Grant Value

Insulation Attic Insulation €200

Wall Insulation - Cavity €250

Wall Insulation - Internal Dry Lining

Apartment (any) OR Mid- terrace House €900

Semi-detached or End of Terrace €1,350

Detached House €1,800

Wall Insulation - External

Apartment (any) OR Mid- terrace House €1,800

Semi-detached or End of Terrace €2,700

Detached House €3,600

Heating System Heating Controls with Boiler (Oil or Gas) Upgrade.

€560

Heating Controls Upgrade only €400

Solar Heating €800

Building Energy Rating (BER) €50

Better Energy Homes Scheme - 2013 grants

SEAI Grants and Schemes

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Warmer Homes Scheme - 2013 works

The service involves the installation of standard energy efficiency measures appropriate to the eligible household subject to SEAI survey, budget allocation and available capacity. The service is provided at no cost to the household and the measures currently available under this scheme are:

-Attic insulation.-Draught proofing.-Lagging jackets.-Low energy light bulbs.-Cavity wall insulation.-Energy advice.

Opportunities for QS

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• BER’s

• QS Services for Deep Retrofit Projects

• Energy Surveys & BER for Local Authorities

• Project Management

• Life Cycle Costing

• Measurement of Embodied Energy (Carbon) measure

• Summer Schools work – Energy Upgrades

RESIDENTIAL RETROFIT- QUESTIONS?

Chris Grady, Michael Slevin

William Scott

13115-ksn cpd 2013 v5 - scsi.ie retrofit – programme – introduction – building regulations tgd...

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