13.2: war in europe begins
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13.2: War in Europe Begins. The weak responses of world leaders to Hitler’s aggression leads to WWII. A. Path to War. Fall of Austria & Czechoslovakia Hitler takes over Austria 1938 What does the League of Nations do?. b. Czechoslovakia. Hitler wants to take over the Sudetenland- - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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13.2: War in Europe Begins
The weak responses of world leaders to Hitler’s
aggression leads to WWII
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A. Path to War1. Fall of Austria & Czechoslovakia
a. Hitler takes over Austria 1938b. What does the League of Nations
do?
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b. Czechoslovakia
Hitler wants to take over the Sudetenland-contains a large German speaking
population
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2. The Munich Crisis (1938)a. Munich Pact
i. “trio,” France, GB, Germanyii. Sudentlands given to Hitler
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b. Winston Churchill & appeasement –giving up principles to pacify an aggressor
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Winston Churchill; PM of GB
Elected in 1940
Winston Churchill was named TIME's Man of the Year in 1940 and 1949
"An appeaser is one who feeds a
crocodile — hoping it will eat him last."
— Winston Churchill
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3. Hitler Demands Danzig
a. Danzig is part of Poland
b. Is 90% German
c. Britain and France vow to protect Poland if Germany invades
d. Sept. 1, 1939: Hitler invades Poland
e. Sept. 3, 1939: France & GB declares war on Germany; the war has begun!
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4. The Nazi-Soviet Pact
a. Agreement between Stalin and Hitler
b. Stalin wants capitalist nations to go against each other; USSR safe
c. Hitler’s goal: avoid a two-front war
d. Secret deal: divide Poland between the two countries
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B. The War Begins September 3, 1939
1. Germany attacks Poland
2. Blitzkrieg-lightning war; surprise, nonstop attacks
3. Germany’s goal: to cut Polish supply lines
4. End result – Germany controls Poland by the end of the month
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5. “Phony War”
a. After Poland invasion nothing happened for the next few months
b. Hitler goes around the Maginot Line through the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luembourg
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Maginot LineMaginot line started after WWI; ineffective
French spent millions on its development
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6. The Miracle at Dunkirk
Allied forces trapped in Belgium were able to escape to GB via the only port the Germans did not capture in France, Dunkirk.
For unknown reasons, Hitler German forces to stop
Allows Allied troops to regroup and evacuate
> 330,000 troops saved
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Vichy France
Hitler captures Northern FranceFrench commander Marshal Petain heads Vichy gov’t - puppet gov’t in south of France; Hitler true rulerGen Charles de Gaulle exiled in GB vowing to regain France
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WWII: German Advances1939-1941
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http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/media_nm.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005137&MediaId=3376
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Battle of Britain
Goal: for Hitler to conquer GB by…
Blitzkrieg + air fleet invasion
Luftwaffe vs. Royal Air Force (RAF)In the beginning, whose winning?
Technology that helped RAF win?
RADAR; could see in the dark
Hitler calls off invasion of Britain
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British Hawker Hurricane (bomber)
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Supermarine Spitfire (bomber)
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Messerschmitt BF 10
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Arado AR 240 (heavy fighter)
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Soviet w/german pow
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Europe prior to WWI
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Europe after WWI
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Europe 1990
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Europe 1995
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