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Page 1: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

15-1

Page 2: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

15-2McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights

Reserved.

Part FourANALYSIS AND

PRESENTATION OF DATA

Page 3: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Chapter FifteenDATA PREPARATION AND

DESCRIPTION

Page 4: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Editing

• Detects errors and omissions,

• Corrects them when possible, and

• Certifies that minimum data quality standards are achieved

Page 5: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Editing (cont.)

• Guarantees that data are

– accurate

– consistent with other information

– uniformly entered

– complete

– arranged to simplify coding and tabulation

Page 6: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Editing

• Field Editing

– translation of ad hoc abbreviations and symbols used during data collection

– validation of the field results.

• Central Editing

Page 7: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Coding

• Rules that guide the establishment of category sets– Appropriate to the research problem

and purpose– Exhaustive– Mutually exclusive– Derived from one classification

principle

Page 8: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Content Analysis for Coding

• Measures the semantic content of a message

• Researches the objective, systematic, and quantitative description of the content of a communication

– Syntactical unit

– Referential unit

– Propositional unit

– Thematic unit

Page 9: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Data Entry Options

• Optical scanning

• Voice recognition

• Keyboard

Page 10: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Data Entry Formats

• Database with full screen editor

• Spreadsheet

Page 11: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Descriptive Statistics

• Distribution Descriptors

– Location

– Spread

– Shape

Page 12: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Descriptive Statistics

• Distribution Descriptors

– Location• Central Tendency

– Mean – Median – Mode

Page 13: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

15-13

Descriptive Statistics

• Distribution Descriptors

– Spread• Variance, • Standard Deviation, • Range, • Interquartile Range

Page 14: 15-1. 15-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Descriptive Statistics

• Distribution Descriptors

– Shape

• Skewness

• Kurtosis