15.02, group 2 — problems concerning sustainability of energy system in ukraine

Problems Concerning Ukrainian Energy System Sustainability

Proposed by Group 2


•Introduction•Main groups of problems•Technological Issues•Regulation and Legislative Issues•Social Aspects•Conclusions

Contents

Group 2


Group 2

Introduction

The goal of 21 century lies in sustainable energy systems as the way of reaching sustainable development.

The main directions are:• Efficient energy use • Reducing energy use• New technologies in energy production

(like renewable sources)


Group 2

Introduction

Unlike some African & Asian states, Ukraine has rather developed infrastructure but,

nevertheless, we don’t receive the results similar to that ones of smart societies.

Compared with the EU-25, Ukraine uses 3.3 times more energy to

produce each unit of GDP0.20 0.20 0.26 0.26 0.24 0.23

0.330.40 0.340.43

0.300.39

0.26

0.890.84

0.500.33 0.34

0.240.34

Aust

ria

Den

mar

k

Fran

ce

Ger

man

y

Spa

in

Gre

at B

rita

in

Sw

itzer

land

Finl

and

Pol

and

Cze

ch R

epub

lic

Hung

ary

Lith

uani

a

Turk

ey

Ukr

aine

Rus

sia

Bel

arus

Aus

tral

ia

Chi

na

Japa

n

Wor

ld

S1

2,6 times


Group 2

Introduction

Ukraine offers great potential for energy savings but lacks practical approach to use this potential.

Ukraine’s state-owned energy efficiency company, UkrESCO, estimates that greater efficiency could achieve a 35 per cent reduction in energy import.

Metallurgy

Fuel and power sector

Chemicals

35%

30%11%


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Introduction

We don’t use renewable resources!

Only 4% of Ukrainian energy comes from renewable resources. But these are only water resources.


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Renewable resources


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Introduction

The main reasons are the following:

IneffectivenessIneffectiveness

IndifferenceIndifference

MismanagementMismanagement


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Main Groups of Problems

Technological SocialRegulation

and Legislative

Technological Issues

•• Old equipment for energy production, Old equipment for energy production, transporting and consumptiontransporting and consumption

•• Energy distribution systems are not perfectEnergy distribution systems are not perfect

•• NonNon--coordinated energy coordinated energy production/consumption (cooling, heating, production/consumption (cooling, heating, air conditioning etc.)air conditioning etc.)


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Group 2


1. Old equipment for energy production, Old equipment for energy production, transporting, and consumptiontransporting, and consumption

• Nowadays, greater part of electricity in Ukraine is generated on condensing plants that have coefficient of performance approximately 30%. It is much lower than that ones of heat and power (cogeneration) plants (about 80%)• Old and ineffective appliances for burning fossil fuels• We use inefficient gas-boilers or electric resistance heaters mostly for heating of single-family houses

Technological IssuesProblems Concerning Ukrainian Energy System Sustainability

Group 2

~ 90% of power units are exhausted~ 40% of equipment is not suitable for operation


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2. Energy distribution systems are not perfect2. Energy distribution systems are not perfect

• Big energy losses during transportation (sometimes about 40% of energy generated on power plant or boiler-house)

• Low thermal insulation of buildings which are cooled or heated. As a consequence we cause a great environmental damage not only during transportation, but also during heating or cooling the objects


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3. Uncoordinated energy production/consumption3. Uncoordinated energy production/consumption(cooling, heating, air conditioning etc.)(cooling, heating, air conditioning etc.)

•Weak weather forecast for heating rate of boiler houses regulating


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3. Uncoordinated energy production/consumption3. Uncoordinated energy production/consumption(cooling, heating, air conditioning etc.)(cooling, heating, air conditioning etc.)

•We don’t possess practical scheme of simultaneous production of heat and cool where they are needed. We use different sources and different appliances both for heating and cooling, so energy input on such factories increases twice or more

Regulation and Legislative Issues

•• Resource market monopolizationResource market monopolization

•• State does not encourage the effective State does not encourage the effective energy consumptionenergy consumption

•• State does not stimulate the scientific State does not stimulate the scientific researches in the sphere givenresearches in the sphere given

•• Absence of proper risk management Absence of proper risk management systemsystem


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1.1. Resource market monopolizationResource market monopolizationAlfa Group, System Capital Management, RosUkrEnergo,

Privat Group, Industrial Union of Donbass, etc.


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Group 2


80.161.4 68.9 74.3

50.0 55.935.9

90.0 82.197.9

34.1

64.7 71.6

33.3 26.5

57.7

23.811.6

60.7

-8.9-27.2

Bel

gium

Den

mar

k

Ger

man

y

Gre

ece

Spa

in

Fran

ce

Finl

and

Sw

itzer

land

Eng

land

Irel

and

Italy

Luxe

mbo

urg

the

Net

herl

ands

Aus

tria

Por

tuga

l

Est

onia

Cze

chR

epub

lic

Hun

gary

Rom

ania

Pol

and

Ukr

aine

The main external suppliers are Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan

Share of imported energy carriers in structure of energetic complex of different countries

2. 2. The state does not encourage effective The state does not encourage effective energy consumptionenergy consumption


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3. 3. The state does not really stimulate The state does not really stimulate scientific researches in this spherescientific researches in this sphere

70Norway

61Finland

3.2Ukraine

Total R&D Total R&D Expenditures, Expenditures,

million $million $CountryCountry


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4. 4. Absence of proper risk management Absence of proper risk management systemsystem


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•• Engineering specialties are badly treated and Engineering specialties are badly treated and poorlypoorly--paid, and moreover, they have no paid, and moreover, they have no social defense (R&D are not profitable at all)social defense (R&D are not profitable at all)

•• Society lacks information on need for Society lacks information on need for sustainable developmentsustainable development

Indifference to efficient use questions


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Social Aspects

Social Aspects

1.1. Engineering specialties are badly treated Engineering specialties are badly treated and poorlyand poorly--paid, and moreover, they have paid, and moreover, they have no social defenseno social defense

• R&D are not profitable at all

• People work under very high risk

• It's hard to find worthwhile salary


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2.2. Society lacks information on need for Society lacks information on need for sustainable developmentsustainable development

• Politicians are not worried with our unsustainable development

• Most of energetic specialists are not aware of SD paradigm

• SD is not taught in schoolsand universities


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Social Aspects


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Studying Sustainability

Conclusions

The main objectives for the energy system of Ukraine are:ü Efficiencyü Safe environmentü R & D


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Sustainable development


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Let’s protect them!

15.02, group 2 — problems concerning sustainability of energy system in ukraine

Technology

energy savings

energy import

energy input

energy tos10

efficient energy use

metallurgy stateowned

problems concerningregulation

perfect big energy losses