17c dutch global commerce warm-up what can you learn about dutch commerce from this map? explain how...
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17c Dutch Global Commerce17c Dutch Global Commerce
Warm-Up
What can you learn about
Dutch Commerce from this map? Explain how you came to those conclusions.
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Today’s Agenda• Warm-Up – Map Skills
• FN: The Dutch Golden Age
• Homework:– Finish Terms– Tulip Bulb Mania
• Answer the question at the end• Compare this to the “housing bubble” that
hit the U.S. in 2008, what similarities can you see? Differences?
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Ms. Susan M. PojerMs. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Horace Greeley HS
Chappaqua, NYChappaqua, NY
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TheTheNetherlandNetherland
s:s:
The The “Low“Low
Country”Country”
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17c: The “Dutch” Century17c: The “Dutch” CenturyIt was a political model.It was a political model.
A RepublicA Republic
A radical attitude towards A radical attitude towards religion in the country.religion in the country.
A certain level of religious A certain level of religious toleration.toleration.
Stable, thriving economy.Stable, thriving economy.
““Golden Age” of artists and Golden Age” of artists and thinkers.thinkers. Religion and everyday life were Religion and everyday life were
recurring themes in their art.recurring themes in their art.
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Dutch SocietyDutch SocietyAmsterdam, Rotterdam: Amsterdam, Rotterdam: granaries with enough granaries with enough surplus for one year.surplus for one year.
Generally higher salaries Generally higher salaries than in any other parts of W. than in any other parts of W. Europe.Europe.
Even women had higher Even women had higher wages.wages.
““Protestant work ethic.”Protestant work ethic.”
Thrift and frugality.Thrift and frugality.
Had the highest standard of Had the highest standard of living in Europe!living in Europe!
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View of DoerdrechtView of DoerdrechtAelbert Cuyp, 1650sAelbert Cuyp, 1650s
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Oude Kerk [Old Church], Oude Kerk [Old Church], AmsterdamAmsterdam
First built in 1300.First built in 1300.
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Interior of the Oude Kerk in Interior of the Oude Kerk in AmsterdamAmsterdam - - Emmanuel De WittEmmanuel De Witt
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Catholic “Hidden” ChurchCatholic “Hidden” Churchin the Attic, Amsterdam, in the Attic, Amsterdam,
1630s1630s
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Interior of a Portuguese Interior of a Portuguese Synagogue in AmsterdamSynagogue in Amsterdam – –
Emmanuel De WitteEmmanuel De Witte
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Portrait of an Old Jewish ManPortrait of an Old Jewish Man Rembrandt, 1654Rembrandt, 1654
Think-Pair-Share
What do the images we have just seen suggest
about the Netherlands stance on religion?
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Upper-class Homes, Upper-class Homes, AmsterdamAmsterdamEarly 1600sEarly 1600s
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Patrician Houses Along the Patrician Houses Along the Canal in LeidenCanal in Leiden
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The Dutch EconomyThe Dutch Economy
Exported diamonds, linens, Exported diamonds, linens, pottery.pottery.
Not much inflation.Not much inflation.
Great Dutch land reclamation Great Dutch land reclamation project was accelerated project was accelerated during this time.during this time.
Masters of the Masters of the “carrying “carrying trade”trade” (lowest shipping rates (lowest shipping rates in Europe).in Europe).
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Dutch East India Ship, Dutch East India Ship, mid-mid-17c17c
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Return of the Dutch East Return of the Dutch East IndiaIndia
Fleet, 1599Fleet, 1599
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Amsterdam Stock Market Amsterdam Stock Market (Bourse)(Bourse)
Emmanuel De Witte, 1653Emmanuel De Witte, 1653
Jewish refugees helped found it in Jewish refugees helped found it in 1602.1602.
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Sampling Officials of the Sampling Officials of the Drapers GuildDrapers Guild – – Rembrandt - Rembrandt -
16621662
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The Lace MakerThe Lace MakerNicolaes MaesNicolaes Maes
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The Lace MakerThe Lace MakerJan VermeerJan Vermeer, 1669-1670, 1669-1670
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The Account KeeperThe Account KeeperNicolaes Maes, 1656Nicolaes Maes, 1656
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A Woman Holding a BalanceA Woman Holding a BalanceJan VermeerJan Vermeer, 1662, 1662
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View of DelftView of DelftJan VermeerJan Vermeer, 1660-1661, 1660-1661
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DutchDutchDelftwareDelftware
English English DelftwareDelftware
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Dutch West IndiaDutch West IndiaCompany, Company, 16211621
NetherlanNetherlandd
AntillesAntilles
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18c Delftware Tobacco Jars18c Delftware Tobacco Jars
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Fort Orange Fort Orange (Albany, NY)(Albany, NY)
in New Netherlandsin New Netherlands
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New Amsterdam (NYC)New Amsterdam (NYC)
Settled in 1624.Settled in 1624.
Official Flag of the NYC SealOfficial Flag of the NYC Seal of the City of NY. of the City of NY.
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New Amsterdam (NYC)New Amsterdam (NYC)
Early 20c Dutch Revival Building in Early 20c Dutch Revival Building in NYC.NYC.
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Dutch East India Company, Dutch East India Company, 16021602
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““Africa” Center PanelAfrica” Center PanelJan van der Heyden, 1664-66Jan van der Heyden, 1664-66
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The Dutch in Japan, The Dutch in Japan, 18c18c
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Dutch Ship in NagasakiDutch Ship in NagasakiLate 18cLate 18c
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Stop and ReflectStop and Reflect
What did you notice about What did you notice about the art work? the art work?
What does this tell us about What does this tell us about the values of the Dutch?the values of the Dutch?
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University of University of Leiden,Leiden,
15751575
R By 1645, it was the By 1645, it was the largest university in largest university in the Protestant world.the Protestant world.
R The separation of the The separation of the strong provinces strong provinces hindered the power hindered the power of any church to of any church to control intellectual control intellectual life in the Dutch life in the Dutch Republic!Republic!
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University of Gröningen, University of Gröningen, 16141614
R Along with Along with Leiden, they Leiden, they were the first were the first international international universities.universities.
R Half of the Half of the students were students were foreigners.foreigners.
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René DescartesRené Descartes
The French philosopher lived in Leiden The French philosopher lived in Leiden from 1628 to 1649.from 1628 to 1649.
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Dutch Optics: The Dutch Optics: The TelescopeTelescope
Most agree that the telescope was Most agree that the telescope was invented by Hans Lippershey in invented by Hans Lippershey in
1608.1608.
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Astronomical Pioneer:Astronomical Pioneer:Christiaan HuygensChristiaan Huygens
R Explanation of Saturn’s Explanation of Saturn’s rings.rings.
R Wave theory of light.Wave theory of light.
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Anton van Leeuwenhoek: Anton van Leeuwenhoek: The Microscope & the Discovery The Microscope & the Discovery
of Micro-Organismsof Micro-Organisms
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Anatomy Lecture of Dr. Nicolaes Anatomy Lecture of Dr. Nicolaes TulpTulp – – Rembrandt, 1632Rembrandt, 1632
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(detail) Anatomy Lecture of (detail) Anatomy Lecture of Dr. Nicolaes TulpDr. Nicolaes Tulp – – Rembrandt, Rembrandt,
16321632
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The Spanish Hapsburgs & EuropeThe Spanish Hapsburgs & Europe (1556)(1556)
Philip II consolidated Hapsburg landsPhilip II consolidated Hapsburg landsat the end of the 16c.at the end of the 16c.
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The Spanish Netherlands:The Spanish Netherlands:Union of Utrecht, 1579Union of Utrecht, 1579
The United Provinces still recognized The United Provinces still recognized Spanish rule, but, in 1581, they declared Spanish rule, but, in 1581, they declared
their independence.their independence.
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The Netherlands (1609)The Netherlands (1609)
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REGENTS- provincial level- held virtually all the power- strong advocates of local independence
STADHOLDER- States General representative from each province- responsible for defense and order
STATES GENERAL- federal assembly- foreign affairs (war)- all issues had to be referred to the local Estates
The Dutch FederationThe Dutch Federation
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The Night WatchThe Night Watch – – Rembrandt, Rembrandt, 16421642
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Dutch Royal Palace, Dutch Royal Palace, AmsterdamAmsterdam
1648-16651648-1665
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Count William II Granting Count William II Granting PrivilegesPrivileges
Cesare van Everdingen, 1654Cesare van Everdingen, 1654
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R First Anglo-Dutch War: 1660-First Anglo-Dutch War: 1660-16651665
R Second Anglo-Dutch War: 1665-Second Anglo-Dutch War: 1665-16671667
R Third Anglo-Dutch War: 1674-Third Anglo-Dutch War: 1674-16781678
King William III Queen Mary IIKing William III Queen Mary II ascend the throne of England in 1689 after ascend the throne of England in 1689 after the the Glorious Revolution. Glorious Revolution.
The Anglo-Dutch WarsThe Anglo-Dutch Wars
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Economic Decline in the Economic Decline in the NetherlandsNetherlands
William III dies in 1702
he is not replaced by another strong Stadtholder
The Dutch were passed in naval supremacy by the British
fishing and trade industries decline
lost their technological superiority in ship building
only financial institutions kept the Dutch from complete insignificance