SOUTH AMERICA PAGES 228-232

By Jack Garrity

SOUTH AMERICABy Mr. Jack

South America South America’s blends hundreds of

indigenous groups, Spanish, Portuguese, Asian and African cultures.

The People

4th Biggest Continent 386 Million people Ethnically diverse

population

The People At least 350 indigenous groups live in the

Andes and the Amazon Basin.

The People The first Europeans came from Portugal and

Spain, then people from England, France, and Holland settled here.

The People Many people of African decent.

The People People from India settle in Guyana.

The People Chinese in Peru.

The People Japanese in Brazil, Argentina and Peru.

Density and Distribution

Its’ geography and high population growth effect its population density.

A. Andes

The Land

B. Mexican PlateauC. Mato Grosso PlateauD. Brazilian HighlandsE. Amazon RiverF. Río de la PlataG. Rio Grande

The Land

Density and Distribution

Most of the population lives on the coasts.

To encourage people to live inland, the government of Brazil moved the capital from Rio de Janeiro to Brazilia.

Density and Distribution

Density and Distribution Better jobs, schools, civil wars motivate external

immigration.

Density and Distribution Countries with conflicts have a brain drain

into the USA.

brain drain the emigration of college graduates or

intelligent people from a particular country.

fuga de cerebros fuga de talentos o migración

altamente calificada (MAC) es la emigracion de profesionales y científicos formados universitariamente

Density and Distribution 80 percent of the population is urban, due

to both internal immigration and migration from Europe and Asia.

Urban Challenges San Paulo, Rio de Janiero, and Buenos Aires

are in the 15th larges urban areas in population.

Urban Challenges Each of these megacities has big differences

in rich and poor.

Urban Challenges Each of these megacities has big differences

in rich and poor.

Urban Challenges Each of these megacities has big differences

in rich and poor.

Urban Challenges Each of these megacities has big differences

in rich and poor.

Major problems include housing, jobs, crime, and traffic.

Urban Challenges

Check Why do most South Americans live in the coastal

areas? Locate on the maps

Brazil Andes Argentina Amazon River

Columbia Uruguay Bolivia Paraguay Peru Rio de Janerio ChileBuenos Aires Equator Brazillia

San Paulo

History and Goverment Indigenous civilizations, colonization,

independence, and authoritarian rule have influenced South America’s history and government.

History and Government 1. Indigenous civilizations Incas 2. Conquistadors and colonies Spain

1500’s 3. Wars of Independence 1800’s 4. Dictators and authoritarian rule—some

countries have democratic governments now

Early Cultures Indigenous groups developed prehistoric

Neolithic societies.

Moche in Peru

Early Cultures Indigenous groups developed prehistoric

Neolithic societies.

Mapuuche

Early Cultures The Inca made an empire in the Andes

1438–1533.

Cuzco Capital of the Inca Empire

ssss

An emperor, warriors, and priests had complete control of society.

The Inca built temples, fortresses, and roads in the mountains and jungles.

Like the Egyptians, the Incas mummified their leaders bodies.

The Inca built temples, fortresses, and roads in the mountains and jungles.

Farmers cut terraces into the Andes to grow food.

The Inca did not develop a Classical Civilization, they had no writing system.

They used quipu to keep financial and some historical records.

The Inca had lots of gold and silver.

Stories of Inca gold brought the conquistadors to the shores of Peru.

European Conquests

Francisco Pizarro

The Incas

Atahualpa

vs.

Spain and Portugal soon conquered all the indigenous cultures.

European Conquests

Cycle of Conquest & Colonization

Explorers Conquistadores

Mission

aries

PermanentSettlers

OfficialEuropeanColony!

European Conquests

The Spanish brought the feudal system of government to New Spain.

DIG DEEPER

They also brought the Roman Catholic Church.

European Conquests

Treasuresfrom the Americas!

Pizarro had 2,179 m2 of land, including ownership of all natives living on the land, an ecomienda.

Slave labor needed

The conquistadors set up huge plantations in the new world.

You could become very rich by growing tobacco, sugar, and later cotton, which need large amounts of labor.

Slaves wanted

Also, they mined gold, silver, and emeralds.

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

Slave Ship

“Middle Passage”

Between 16c & 19c, about 10 million Africans shipped to the Americas

Independence

19c-Early20cRevolutionsinLatinAmerica.pptx

End

Cuzco Capital of the Inca Empire

ssss