18-1 finding order in diversity slide 1 of 26 classification of living organisms lecture 3 copyright...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
18-1 Finding Order in Diversity
Slide 1 of 26
Classification of Living Organisms
Lecture 3
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
![Page 2: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
18-1 Finding Order in Diversity
Slide 2 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Aristotle’s 1st system of classification was based on:
Plants: structureAnimals: habitat
Linnaeus’ system was based just visible structures called:
Morphology-study of form/structure
![Page 3: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
18-1 Finding Order in Diversity
Slide 3 of 26
Taxonomy:The modern day system for
studying and classifying living organisms.
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
![Page 4: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Slide 4 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Modern scientist who classify, taxonomist , use the following:
1. Homologous Structures-Homo means…
-the same
-similar structures with different functions
![Page 5: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Slide 5 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Penguin flipper used for swimming
Alligator fore arm used for walking
Bat wing used for flying
Human fore arm for gathering
![Page 6: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Slide 6 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
2. Evidence from Genetics/Biochemistry
-common or similar DNA codes. -common or similar
proteins
Analysis of the DNA sequence determined that the monkey's DNA code is about 93 percent similar to the human
DNA code.
![Page 7: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Slide 7 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
3. Similarities in embryonic development.
![Page 8: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Slide 8 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Phylogenic Tree know as:
-evolutionary treeor
-tree of life
![Page 9: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Slide 9 of 26
New Classification Schemes
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Taxonomy:-is the study of classification-to organize all living organisms
based on their morphology (structures) and phylogeny (evolutionary trend)
Phylogeny: -Is the evolutionary history of a species.
![Page 10: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Slide 10 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Two approaches to Phylogenetic Classification:
1. Creating a Phylogenic Tree-Each successive group , taxon, should be represented by finer and finer branches all stemming from a common ancestor. Creates a “tree of life”.
-branches based on:*biochemical evidence*homologous
structures*common embryology
![Page 11: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Slide 11 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
![Page 12: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Slide 12 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
![Page 13: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Slide 13 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
2. Creating a cladogramUses certain features of an organism called shared derived characteristics.
Shared derived characteristics are features that apparently evolved only within the group under consideration.
Example: Feathers…..birds are the only animals that
have feathers therefore it separates it from all other vertebrates.
![Page 14: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Slide 14 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
![Page 15: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Slide 15 of 26
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
![Page 16: 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Slide 1 of 26 Classification of Living Organisms Lecture 3 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cec5503460f949b8ca0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Slide 16 of 26
Complete Activity #3
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall