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Geomorphology and Sedimentology ofEstuaries. Developments in Sedimentology 53edited byG.M.E. Perillo 1995 Elsevier Science B.V.All rights reserved.

Chapter 1

GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SEDIMENTOLOGY OFESTUARIES:AN INTRODUCTIONGERARDO M.E. PERILLO

INTRODUCTION

1

Geomorphology is concerned with the study of earth-surface forms and with theirevolution in time and space due to the physicochemical and biological factors actingon them. Most of the evolution is the product of a cyclic process based on erosiontransport-deposition of sediment particles. Added to this are the combinations thatmay occur from the meteorization of a hard rock until the particle is permanentlyburied and becomes part of a new sedimentary rock.In particular, the coastal environments are subjected to the most energetic

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6Table 1-3Factors controlling the formation of estuaries.Climate

Type of coasts

Coastal lithologyTidal range

Coastal stability

NeotectonismRiver discharge and sediment load

Polar and subpolarTemperateTropical and subtropicalTrailing edgeCollisionMarginal seaHard-rockSoft-rock (sedimentites)MacrotidalMesotidalMicrotidalSubmergingEmergingStablePresentAbsentHigh

G.M.E. PERILLO

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