1997o624 108 - apps.dtic.mil · visibility ta~lqua. mad oversigh a te manallevl's. so? m...
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VOORMATION DOMIWiM SPUMa OPO"Mh Vet. IN MOO'IW
BY
Lifa Colone SW~u A. McCuabUDAlW $O Air F=4c
WAAC QUAZT OFEh "o
IbS. ARMY 4IAg COLLEGE. CALItsL BAIRCXI. PA 1701 34050
... .. .. 1997O624 108
4r -
USAWC STRATEGY RESEARCH PROJECt
iNORMATION DOMMaANCLt Spetia Opmadems lvi k MOOTW
by
Liwtwm CaIlml Suivu A. M*CaUSMe StWo Air PC=
CLWafte L B"gPoatAdvbwo
U.S. Army War COUaP
no. vimr xpreaMe is tMa pspa bm ottheamud=aud dousewum*o rdem dos vim fube Deputu OWftmo ocmr MY othsmagms This domums may vMa be re~esud fm opm MublikIm aUlO k
b.. bmele=dm by toe Wpor a%.a mitwy swmkor sofumuW" suCY.
S I R MIfON ST.#TZNMgT A: Appovad ftr public sehue
Dkoludo Is~ff nZCbt3Dj= QUI
I
ABSTRACT
AUTHOR:, Stevm A. WiCoA,. Lt Col, Unidtd Stats Aft Frem
TIThLF Lohamato Dmkiuo: Speia operations Forces in mooTW
FORMAT: Sftratgy ReswchA Project
DATE: 13 APOr IM9
lire ftres INe saigw terltchp~q ftlaf" oog To bm opeiukaa 0) specfall
opevoauan fame (SOF), ad Milkwy Operstims Othw Them War (IOOW)TVe Erm 5Wend is
toe wonidnlo ofd Uatteo be lupcowdo tuounava whrje *iA dft ajoba twmn~z6drcug
ka~cdag. and prollfwadau otwqanms of urns destroctio (WW. Doe ncomi wend is the
mtwAng preomr to fiadw md~m Department of Defta (DoD) fme oratawhite,
wscqhaUzlg farce for tW L-twor. The thir ucd Is the rapdly b~mvAng capabflty io wage
0 wouid"Wie.
This study omutla the emergng role of 10 reatve to amission *(uoWod State
Special Operations Coiwund (USSOCOWO in MOOTW. The hypodmis of ts pope? conterds
10, oanbctd by SOP, thamad plays mae a pvotal sob. In the capabilty ofbD to support our
mdoauil objectives m comuplex MOOTW dominale cnfilict in the 21m Csmqw. Imgy,. polic,
openuamal c emeto, and organiaonal sawmr must Wadq ftqiiy to 'lAh~muatm Age
"claflss to cosirg mVeloig tihu to o wi. n m owitMe . Ins a UPI*do*% . gWaid SOP
nwas be affodable, yet tobaadogicully advwanc to &ily supps anugiug opoodomal concea"
ad achieve critial informtio dominiance fbr America in MOOTW.
'V
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
SL ca 2 ODUC77ONa. ,..i .........
sdilitu opum e O.xim v...l...............
A maaga .j~e...**.~tn..
M. CRECJI tSSE4DTI AND CNLSOS.
LIV.ANAYSI N
V. USREMMTION ADCOMNN..
Tam frag mtcMLty Op.d *Othernnrn..war.s... *...
BIB.ZO R. WC..C...o~ . ----.C C*.4C ..*.C.C*CW... ...... ~ ...
4.V
D1T00DucFZON
pay,,AM myr Oder w i adte uewde e'aa0 ecv
hmph L Ny., Assistan Secwaoa7 of DA=uu lr lnuuamaaAdirs W~im A. Owens Wie ChafrmmJint Chies of Sugei
rTl PWPOse O(thlt Pape b to amenln the NWOMin 101e Oflnlh=m OPersam 00)
ream"v fa aiulawof**t Unate Swum SPeca Operatous CaMaMa (USSOCO&O In .Eltaay
OperatomaOthewteaWg (MOOTW). Theaperwillbegwinwtbp 16lm dei&"tora
9&iwsd by dlscuulion of awmat fimm md uW&a Aaadysb mnd cvu~maofthspowuat
s)$ev of SpedaCi~a O mdas ori (WnO w O d MOOTW ulU thmabe diausaed inlns of
Mwe hypotkul f tIds pMue ccut=6d 10, conduatd by S011, Aumd Pl a mwplvatu
ftae is toe cqaplty ofite Dq n~m of Dcibu to suippu ow amdmmiobdu4vu .acpla
MOO'WTdoumina mtescnlc nthe21st Cmntiy. atg.olcpuialmspa d
oraiadnalsawtw amn adapt q&idy to lafovmwdm Ase" dodaw lon mA o r evolving
go our migoe mlswfty. Rising Slobal teeroisM twaudatma ciM, ad Foflkatlon of
apas ofuum deseduton (Y/ID) demo ow wadd am as Defens hdple mAd& S07
m~m be afafbldeb yet teinidoglaly adwAced I* rspond tho chghig* bauleepac ad
awhimv ciftlca Wdbrmatoo &5aw ham1 AmecaW In M~mu MOOTY
DE1IN ONS
'C~avdg to -r~ mMt bqWutwe wolet &, BkU AW 4pmv qep bildnot dkcmw A* -em qtfk. slapha* de one wko touced ft kguWk&d 0*4e £'wdh. wfi. tUwhd mga tail kdkMe rope.
IM(uin [4b(kW, Na1osia Defimse Lisivavitý
US Natiocal Sam*y Stmsegy dkisce the Impormmw ofinomaoa to the
achevei ent ofow ustloWa zbjsc&w4 o(ft 1dandication ofamerglg dum to owi
'Amaqmoul su te. o dv msd fla dovelop peolection auiegLe. The IM9 US NadrAal
mltukw Seava vapsai of wlinai the Wbaftgmlm wit by UVI&vagn reMlsAMNIM ,
iatmlgace collection aid miayal, highspsed dom puessing and Uummuison to usuz. out
abiliy i dornieaw Ow adverwiea' Th Oqpuwww ofD4*ms &&me Wwtuatka Warfa
willmy saag by daflcbsa bMrwy Wamudo and infcmutionsystin %il. lkvu*&g md puctma* ow own Wnxmadom... 1W bs anevaurchln& bumdazng sammc. In doe cammed, conul and vacutiomofmatn ary formi md In tW *nI~msemlo o madamE poficy.'
The wavn baslc fwm o(IW mdsflnad In ligmr I1.
Joint Vison 201 0 dlAi a dv vita newd far intammtija asweiodty to mme wi tng
opcidoin coacept of donilamn maasuv, paeislon asiagema &flNmuiaOnu prmtecdon,
and & o "uI loSitla. 1aifomdo miavdulty is defined as tfisabiw to. Wcalgek preise, and
dissmemaw ulntawWd Cow #*.of r.Idou whil uplaitin or dmylg a dvemy'a
aW1ty to do the smle' Both offmslvg and defeni~ve blnufaatou Opesihloes (10) will be
a~~w oachimv mawb supsnfoify.
2
10 1uimuato this fall Ma of nilituy Opeuutions iV~epuzl anl aipcts of kdc.anuon to
domwe ta e .1.. ofecemAst pow., Psycholog*a opertlons (PSYOP) deccetom
Eswft*l watue (En) coptwitetwr k d at sack, "hsia &Mdus mcio WAd sp wa nomatio
opentlom (310) m used I* coniuw offensive 10. Defensive 10 hcude knfomaiom ausumue,
pwosmi Meuety, operadwu wewimy wwwmesdcwpima win"Iyeboltul opulwas,
cowturintellgeace BW, aid Sl0o8 1W Involves "in 10 cohduce dwiaa d=. ofaciss or
conflotto Uwhe", orFM prmoe sec objetives ov a gpeme Advnaruy r advwuuts.." 1W
fsamun meaed
Mwe comncipt mmd w wed in coaucdon with 1Wm mdl WUvelopin CAPT Oe.meI1
M~, ofo thMoi Staffabrmatlon Assagmee Divisioni fts 2w...U~ oD Is not yet read to
ncoutinology related to wAM LW mid i0Wbtv hefnlds~itlu,1W bu emerduAt
ey jow w4m 'usshln Minic amwf w oM"ol of Wionuatlom *ivta to the cemdtmi succss
of ow indsA AiMe 7ouceu"
Aspecim opmtuions (so) wmnooss IMi wse of wsh units In direct at hdls mIWY
wactis twpphe a m und on uatsglo and opersidon obJecdvm." SO ws oaosad aouglth
stir. Vaeuw of m~iniy cionflict, Inck"#n w.ti. opwsmdcu and MaOOTW, kideiduty
at in ocowdinatlo with cosawlong foram. X3 pub 1421 fAerw eluffi SOr
Operatom coaducted by specially mgorgfae &unlined, mi eqid~ppmilkity mad pumrn~ltay tam lo achieve mWILit7. polemnL scosawkor peycololcn objeciv by taooMeao maman - in bookledWned at politicly sodstive ures. PofticalWUltiy eousdder~ouAnudy-" Y shpecial cpewaoinMrquirin cwdmade, Goveor lowvisibility ta~lqua. mad oversigh a te manallevL's
SO? m diammed by 64e SoCrely Of Dgfrn to cMduet SO CA iMuds compocrfi
Amt doe Amy. Air Form, and NMv. Th Mm principsi uinias of USSOCOM (Wo Qiossary
hbr deftorn) sm ble below.
*Spm eaEcomWumm e(SR)*PsyChologiml Operuloc "PYop)*Dkut~Aedm (DA)
* vii AfMui (CA)*ConbatngTwaisma(M3)
* 1n&S.u iospuadons 00)o tkmovrndul Wagn MW)"
Znaitm" to us pacnpa1 uWAWWAn JOP pmfwm a varigy dof ollterul AcdWhs
rangig born ootmdaug actions to oombrnuth ia d med rsc. SOF provide the Nmidoi
CommAod Alwherity (NCA) a b %y.UinWk4t~ duIoyaW~e& Jotz fma c apa4e of
conduefti a wids mgm of taAia aa~uovb bi the "did." 5
Mffitwy Opmrdams: Odhe Thm Woe (MOOTW) incdude a wide ring afativitles
acndImcd to deta war and j~wmro psos." M00TW cm oom befam, dming sod aftr war.' 7
IaLm Pub 3.07 doin MOOTW as - "the m of militmey csp~4Iile, scram the ripg as'
inliam7 aprasioa short of wur. The. a~itay actioma cm be applid to eoaipkernet my
ccrnblaadm ofk the fith r immuw s of metocel powe .01
Thaw on 16 tyae *fMOOTW (me Olomuy ter defint~on) =&Sin from pmea
opwadtoma to coutbattiq 6mwadm to xms commoL' 9 The fIuf "ag of miltary opamiotu,
lmiuin MOOTW. hs Amou at Plgw. V" A i -,- - urudy completed by die RAND
Corporaton find dwmicatisd comno to MOOTW Include po~ltcsi msomubte, ,ecdsUcw
4
iila of aogammt. end opmntiors in an iuba onvfrcomeaL AMddooaliy. MOOTW rotwiney
Lavolve nou-pyovmnmal, mgunizatims, coafuton efc'ns, and Nea of cSOF.'
5
Cumpt Imaes and frsd
fts ekceow b Me ubsmak pewlum SaMed wept."
Johtn DMA*b former Dimtcor CIO
T1w hreeN traozo wld &V $hoping the rowi~two felutiomp among 10, SOF, xxd
MOOTW. Mw ft tred is the usnmal of the bauIaipai towed ~mconvmdauaI werfm wilb
fiang Slobal turrozlw dnag urfficki ngmd prolifraidas vf weapo of mass destsuction
(YJMD). Thoe second vaed b tdm aciulag prmate to mh=c the Do) fmcs sMuctuv 'while
recatpaifrig Afrc.s for toe fttw. 7Ur third ftre is the rnli* im~rovin capabiity to wage
Th. end of toe Cold Wat baa ftnd eantliy cmqW~ Amanic's' tmnvity Wvmporat
Threats w~ay are mors dIvns mid Incessinly Involve US forc In MOOTW. Alao; the
qspamm ofooa&fc*, MOOTW ts .i nowa io, aupoit ow Nad"i Sectaty Statsey (N5S) of
MASpgWA ads auaIUner is phftIn mpmtascs. Nos inatom-OtW coeft Is on the vim. M
thrat o~i vom omlane. to srow. TionvotionI drug traffickfng &ad aim. have mecbed
new bWlgltt Tim pro Ufmdon of WMD sod the Iancreasi poeab~l~y of hefr noa POM a
muonus threat to mmr and mme uadous. The maibr olps. opanticas widewataen ic amw
wrloaiW subfty auleh aud MreliglWO&W OH W hated.l VVIs u g.3
Fuftt advarsMn ane likely to be polldeally, ethicaly, mid kegaly uu~remlsd reaily
w1illng to asaiuice Innoens to owe thiri VoaL36 General SuN Ixma, xwChidof~Wfof the
Anny, dounrbes fiau operational awYIIments as bving gmra letality aid d~spersion,
ioctessed volume sad precison of fbis. Mdvaned lnts,-'ve IscbinolM will provde poste
Lnvisiblift 1fo MW Yet Incea deccsiblfty of odmi.s with .oaiJr units able to arcu 4ecisve
As-'~i w or. of mtcglo , with nog t gephc "front Wn., *h igiiacme of
di- -~..with respect i dap~oyuuar 4 rn f waions Is diucc. 2 Our bords e inger
WrPM*" ablmd miw fthn and .vwybody is Aki gwA IV kvul the W..ul. playin
&Wel W06pCWa Potca4 monoaoic. mud "w~y pow projectiom FwMM gos "g sgleAdMon
M cMirndY Chaoleg US poWlc7 usin UadhMI wafmo biA th US Is highly wubneabket sIW
Mdac by au advsrsy wbo may cc ma caigm repMn IryU . 1WsAV ag& OO t & bighly
iohnad dtpum ndmnt Mms u hs aleay bagum.' n CMe Soo tU US of NW atack has beoo
fuadmaeI* be mhigh.a $100300 bilhlon a yew ond growlsg.3
IW wWl radan~w doe betsupac in *Wa yent to be diamovemLd F*r, So md 10 w"M b,ýg
tbi 6"dmW naI d~mnm bewo wenafteo, puuioeml 4ad ucaiia OppmtL NWdepea
Aum the cocPt of mrldo. of ain force ad dssvuctna of pt#Ws~l wpteu cia tUnso
begNefhdd . IW eptasis ciffwftbth InawW outhside di i ~upece, of letha os.d n ethal
amussy, in a nowimlic fabsbai.l Ecmomle is rimeplcn tenliy in &Wbe onpdwmin mwd
idw vWct v eceomwe poww MAd allIt vktaoy is k&nfCNmaaa. 1
Nvw pdro~ii aod twxherntlwnof '*dweslh" nr changin th em nofhArmed
fore.M adw Othe n*N oruus aul va ofs the Y WlftyAAWlM. DoD reductm me man
politcally apWd~t *wy tw Wu~nc t fedal budge ad wArubmdw ue h adams defict is di new6
aim. Ciurudy. the tmaie Farcm am smalle thm af any Urnstondie lam 45 ymt'u Deospe a
70 porwut rductionkw [email protected] 45 peor abakdrot rducin m IOU Iev.sh,DtheVS
publit hu deng sq~cat~om of wcmum and im Ioiamno fb cuuadm, which drive the need
he .ur&W stik. cq"aIty and uiut codict dmidoo. To mes the v cp ec don of the
Ametim people, US forme coimim. to modurnize and inmum hugmdon of smaics
Ellot A. Ccbem, Profeor afSatste& Sxwia az Johes Japidnu Univhy mmily
sed ... rhemew mty willbern inciulny joint mowe-oruas km e ammIgtMayless
sad Is. a usditdw4a urvieariems jkrcsl in =mewi~u arou the World the ba~luWW l
spm ofthatlsm~iity Imoamtles navies, sd aiftemsh b%=bswm~biakdown. Alrand
naval opurationsIm ba marrome Inmwpmble bon AlmOs may adou anth swb& pond QWSI
service arminiwlsm odnt toward SOP, space Waoputaind wI W an growing In all rnilitar4l
sOMhsICOte oowmrim.
Ahimugh the uechaology of wufiro Wa almed toe raladve Importams oflud, &:-A W
na power. beemo logyam will nat Ind Io rsvolutlauy Wasues In ibm. OWWbILW. dasage
mms oecu In do ain, mbbi& agleds del~n~ aid rcigaioniu to mily leverage
Ido~makew boar~ologiu ftow W-avinlage A comptimlamw review of tbe mWlly Is
c ~umntlyrms , offaixtg a AV&uE oiiporsarty to amalyas the Woe .fSOP and W in
fAux comfilict The Pmaagcm's QmadzWua Defme Raviw (QDR) is mmis4aln dfme
summa, ibm sown^ az~ dernfr*Lom plos, m ý ahua and readunss. The Naional
Demo*s Panel will smnialid doe findlap ofthe QDL Hapshfyo Cold War thknking wil not
da. at , i 111 P-16 view; R as fth snwgmas ofan asymaskuicl threst to murlamunl US
corivmional wuigd Was~ to be most l0*ieyIn die z~ UiwO.
Tbw Inapoit questions of wbo wigl take the Wd her 10 withn MoD wd bow DoD will
fatrtho witk ouW&d agmclm dwiqi 10 Is cwmeti being debsetd. ?bhe tflauneffctivevea of
10 wil be bosv*l d I det *n dbe abiity of tho NeoAlz Sectrity Apacy (NSA). Cewtal
ImliateWg e Aauto (CIA4) ?.dul Bmw o(lavessUialo M4~l) th DO and odinr ao
.oxcmisWy Am -eisbo Lac w h in UIaupmy prooeas The Die*w Scia Sad TA*
Famc an bimal Whna ft.Dbes GW-D) mooady mc=made do I EC duelPWt
tbe AsubwSaWhmuy of Daumfix C31 al tie focel pobW Im cooordkhlcat .1W. Ile raw
hocl point would be chgred with la~tepio o policy, doctin, 8An pado. end MWe as te
Mey Imu'u~s for 1W hizurspcy aodvidu Tb. tk forc alo wants Ase vv=Wa need for a
Un. Seamy *(Defbae 6%t khruMos ad cobl fow Ismadaws #Wdng ad kelm;mI 111
o(30 actim a iupom &Moineolg @11W WfWAtol ~ How so*k a a.ftln ad =uder
whoM, to qfixd~y duia&Lp m IW snkV, in AMi a klS1Y eCOtadom ao wikia DOM.
The US Oovuumw ud the DOD av aupively pmas* Wmmals" ud Om&W IW
fititi. Fi mpKo Exmeutiw Order 1S010-01"d lnbawuctw Powisma nuuabL~sd a
coamlualca to oweru dewlopsol ofs untona MUDs to prowe ow UIA Ioul ham 1 US
Asofmiy Clemmi Jumh Rmseceemdy uked bee *Now COMMinunt me behs, I Obu Ng
Sarqwdu ofCminwmos E=V.y Treuuy. Tom~pomuim, toe CA ad M 11 m -q , and the
Aalamn Ssalwy olDefm ises ao auntsnicoa eyberspece dea'a Madi ad aftabisis a
cybetwodeluiepolky board
DOD is Vpaftn s3 bumc omo the nut lIm yan ip &,k d IW binlrmnio
"gysMI." The Cbairman loin adfth of Swif Is exqafta 1W hmcdoflto 13l ad the Join
Xaixumelom Wuftre CeUrslW) h JIWC wWl be muuafd vwidW th so ad hatafacs
*At this aNCs 1W a"l toe Johat Spc~tm Cezts, th6 Joint Warfm Analyuis Center, the Joint
ConmWu#ad a4Coauo Wzfi. Cantu, and the Savice IW orpniwlonO.
hrrowd datealas pigitingdom, and asmsmume of informatim n md prsc~io of
combat powa mplaymed ae oll a muth davancin Wakmmcau wc~mojop. Ntket if noi all4
ofa =a*&erin welpo %bn~ob&e MlY bncrlagy ath la bapado of Inbuatln
wabmoogiesI A globa network Mkoldn oamruf and nfomatlc fmicdoes to ea& rthe by
fibercpdc and iuwfte U"c will evuuuly milow almau inmww commnicaton to
myom "ls inywheru In dw ad Mwl& Th a mmm ubomr h brou&l us Wo, die Infomatln
AgL" wrmtme of lam.. of cwsp*jdcjpowaris cuiat 4,M0 dam. per doecie~agfm Sva
oft ofac ooL 4 * og woud dIctt tbb pertlouan cmando camfima fiK~nsb*i . *AD
copvuuOf th globa kba sdu au ~ mo n k au paWbtg n*aalfy"4 h ai
infamWado bocoam. die captlW ecusodhfth hA am."
New 4or ak4-c(e**s*t(COTS tachelol me affordkabl md tbu avaiabl to
muil-% et'- rrlautlou bthomation *W twnlgas liicar ow tAnmul a~mdwasr
with alplat AV capeb~da:" Mw. abfty to lam akbora compmer ~ ~bu mvy
--m--wsis L being mAsld and could hase dafipcaol 1alo*cadcu rsgvila both e~sslw and
deft~ena 1W.'" New "ulse virnaesm vcs tfc aum flb ;-a Thel perpowlla ncapiw.s
*a;ifi daun or desmoy a seciffic had AsL Oute Ithaced d into a wrowk of ooqpumen the
vkua mdu u adnl 'Wggmd to a"tc fts qpelied tupt. Mdltiuaaiy. mew inofrwx popam
m nco only repilcais thmulesv oam imnsete la a omapmu network but can als afme ther
10
m~ avows antooiadcally over thus. Defewa aigibm the rew "scdo=7y computer vkuaes
willbe diffc&' SUM, Quantm Interbmc Devices (SQU~D) wick nead wuna W.:Ain
wuvu may onm day lead t io the ect Wuieta of Infostm into the lb. in of a adverway A'om
s&.1 la poubili do us ai dlug arnd too rimmso to mentio bet
prohdfwwm of Infrmmdon WcaIM*Wg Is o1uftwipng b~mmed.. aMfy with dime
conequouee Ox do US. As Wchlog dWymn. so does ow4, it deeudem on hkmmedon
systms and ow vdUluabilto M Imado. wvkeg sftb. tn mos US bilitiw awimand sad
.,wmoniesdw wou ams ut *4 Wlldden and are vulneabus a toprcWla ics al MAbouh Cl
vubaubUlby has bee udso.d by the mpldy Metin Cost ofkbadwidib and uu~dsma.
Conversely, mpais ateoWf cslIwnde mnakes effecthms C2 .omuo oas wa diffienk.
Multple chnewls c(elactroack ac:= cwupfloidn bot pey~ko "~li cpmzlom Vai ulewc-
12. US "vU rot*i a wowfca orce. p~ ad Wosybai~padom hr to asor-l..
Roomn advowne In *s, Intop~ido ofwmenad,- R -IVL COMMed= MPuW,
haidUpa., suve~ow, mod 11 c n alsme (C41SR) sym $IV" dada see.ker am
.1cw imumd lnga oE* the ttespect mm ns qiiky tba m ewbefbr. Fa to &At tie,
C42SRL m wmteue beingdevelopd eIe flb. wipomsyumdaduiped to euuewihbin ths
Noew emaihg toebzolotiv s avemmn &ilabl fo owafighews new. A waded vids,
thre dbaisowi, dgAl ma Mwil provWI a commo.vinh-. system VMSa* to ame.
&sioi. otdm itr C2, plannhi&g and operuionl UzM~Ia L Adneed nubpwdip a said
bypusupeeul smson wil hllkase atund.i change rscog~nhi (AC4 Wechologles whic em
-a~ vial wcuWi ryutma. Emawacd biulaece awwtme tchzologlick 11 u imand
mgoaomm ve~c!. (UAV) msom o tdo Icins uwvulla two~ stack maW sygm
(JSTARS), providg eai-time video of opm~tious aci ry. uh Deiens Admwcd Rmawc
Project Apecy (DAA) Is miaIng a al~k1e~gl rupu i o am doe DoD cm achieve
fmfirzm6 mipuaiory iMt the 21st ceafy. DARPA Is dmkelcyng ala, lHtw. sod mome
mom. kinframlon sYINM. They i mft abwng cm elocatl wbef 40 PWOWm of the lik-CYC~o
cms of my weepo. Wusm occws. TecbzoW. booe develpacm pwm we hweasslnly
gewr is &deal ivalitacy use. DARPA belleves 69a milituy, meuc uffoa AMoUd look
beyond ýa bmmsdiuts barb lad caph~miM an the .ba-term ANSace Oft &uMp
12
At .Vugfejbr.poww ckmloe whomu bwwkdge slow At hwew~whbcumu Ake bu*t NW'i* ef pew ."
F=Iosn the auylys Ofinoadoi Opr1ouso yscial opffdom, aid MOOTW In
tmn key if. rwvWs both cbailmip and bndts in th w nIgAue. Ffrus -heamoujmimry
chmWU~di of 10 od SOa fri. maip~m aid u poviddeu ofs rup ow apau a* courx
a nvivis iwea om ewaWut. Secoodly, doe impac of chogW ag a~uoad DA
mdowmuxb** q upas t1ufta1uucw Isa hvvfewed. Fiai, *m motwuoiphosb ofadonal
PONCY ad wv that * uIN occw to Mmanmuly W*=Amt mwglg ilw z nmu wltku b
Seaim isawWt chailea *Itom ow fimm wii wo el o L&* olve* MOOMW EOF
uma &viip both alW" aod dafmhvIw W upaM Wid =@mat *Ae evolvin *w 30
&AM"l Ikc 1b--W to lme ocdwmd, nsimno a eauwslow ml dovel opswidu
pvev*iosl acclad o*l Mit 30F. to mad symrp batwc s O 10d SO sho*l ad to
kwImnfav hmc VpilAds inftu MR$ T aw d to Aaiiint oful nolon ob*sc ,
Us. pdamy u fb10 dIai umtp of. ?400TW abeaM be to puuw sh pume dew
.masamoWo8I* ate nd4& pq w sdo bodise"d for cm m ve 1W &*oul tho adl adamL 10
aliutip #ad . 1pl0ubsomlc.- sway M"ave ha ean bwmp in PON. ad tw W IN"ta ig of
aWaL"4 10 mvppoi US WmMOC policie by I~m~rv~g the sfihmaten ofdeamm ad
(13W) psmvia a adhkdid option msoi Mel to be amcptable Ii pAWoliiad dipomok-
chmel and moan compuww 'wit owv nadmd wfL. Superior Imorv~cdg of the battlaesce aloo
Mable POliCYMaker to act SOOMe to OWatin CC dOWA ter c riss oactivewe of. WOfIn ODmt
supeiorit provides a wider nap of Wdhvdc ad nonltha ,Muur to ashWv politca
ou ~tco MW am provide a potout bdo Io pruoiow oftbily and thwat agposslA via the use
of kewiedge as power.a
A brutomnbased warksn also caosinments our wclear doutnrmL Conftolnl~ access to
aideda Inibragio give the US and her sill sitaificaut advwuap in acbevilu notional
obwectdes Wu~ding the noo.MrWlhaou of WMD.0 SOP's Comziution to Couinter.
prolftrodoot o WMD ca be sal wd by Wnepating their ptunipal missions of 1O, diret
adton, qwia vwassuW~e, and PSYOPS. u3OF can be effictIve eady in the weapon
~nsoludo tycle I* monitor, daelv, or deay toe cycle as well u laow w- dewe, prevwv, or pro~ew
-gi IIIIVpa. t
Compatn may well be the wespon, otcholeo Jb uroriofl toe doeamfr Awn Mcmin
a campuier network offer a cheap, qpic and relWabl modiod to suck vital NM. Such attacks
an be pheasibly dhoWe ad we especialy effsedtvo &aim the innudesaald hwaft.N -Tbe odd
of uigen cauit m low, of be ba Prosected low stilL" Fauna 1W attack byh Iraleidm
mmivst ormlzatloas could be eFu~tively =xWWtre by SOP trained to combat 1W outside US
suvaemipwvu m yýcT
To avoid direct couftoaudon with US smifmth adversarie may stoempt indireoct stack
by focuzkg on weake? US uLsias order to crew US domestc uphevsl ad expnse
Examples mW&h Incudet dianipton otMoxico's less~mwWte ownputo fiarwa network to
undermine diul woomy or adssting with do e coam mklcisio ruqtilrms of LAtin Azerican
14
&4g MWOl& A ~tnIiWtY, US INS iAiU4Idi iosWud be uuppoftd by dlwuptl &qg =aui
umcn otImWou. ad Ina~ncllntwcbor by conductnga PSYOP cmqpelwith the
goal oftisobdn tIM Advam iny mam xtus suppmn
rae 4ow ftiomlat CiSOF is N*Wipoui to US Ca aaw*4vnia.hfwbHil toe
*mougo falaibltyo OP b. nspouivo io the NadoWa CommoWi Av~whoy.
A SWU~ po soft I diachraturn by POMWca ftmmNlou in Whcbaenu ad Mmye& wb ffimk fto idadi bW t behisabl amdiibith wu.of SQ W. wWui -qoddpaio.whum pimWWWn a naow$ bw bus, to am&c %noi of r~ m pute ftkuepsa ow-lowalg s ad bImuligas e5ltu, fo WAesabld dmadudwad umos0.mI Oporhou&..
SOP cm be MOWglfY Wrgsu and mpldl dqsloud to my load. wuiiwWd poviding
tumor CINC wtth 30optinsto pupa~pte tebadbespc The dltyof SO? tpmae~m. bea
at daded tuimby is crdal fix odlmuWv IW opuidstlm when reedy ~am to ft sdvayab
Mwn of**b dmcouWacai oomam io SOP #n seeded hi suwsa Irp eOnf
to. SOP hav a iaumed cano ommnuad %o "ped rupom ft arime whil nudfthft
opeudcss mlty. 101a"Io "Wouldun"Ali "Fffwwa.wo~Ag imwgemyl opraos so
w"dm %o dTad 10 aewwom Bosh l0ad 50 nqubs &meo% lWw~iul kufllpe.
ulaeod wdotinsw eoffvly mpycs1 MOOTW. Aldmidaft 80 peowdmI BWe plcafly
*imed ad mbmguiy 4=4 mad d pdlWeaft oemasNv w~bk =bum n thive hr UOOTW.
10 ad s 0ca m hivoe Inkc*med ac" in m of uegNqkulpfflfome S0? Ms h1wnlY
Joint often carbloWd mad sapabl ofmM hoNigmall vuse* dkW. uu10at~e wie o ea
wabýudo domwLamm rWonmts."
Advanced Ib~cudoni sclackwgia make It possible Ib =0 iteams of combsunts to
hava the capability of a C1uakdn made' To #tUrning wuh a powe&fa and wobile
abawsy will require ibe mobilby od potesla letality that SOF provkies. UMan w~war an
*odaiba cadmatkaio bs an toe dos ad w4Il not be bloodless a muiy aalyat predct
Torrdsts 0afck may hcus am *A wigl of the US ad play on our averson to casauahes.
Hoaqta bg.4kn ad WIcnd u*d~ atack vill require a ~ipacliza broe capabe of Igling
tamlsm cm ebuir own twt WOZ Mus coodmh to eMbea, msubodX apgwoechu Includin
One ayplesd of eMerig 10 Gqubl~des, 1s VIW 1o eOmbafta uaOaveOW al AdIMrsifts"
What the exrwu QDA ad tamur NDP wvlew abuld uggul Is laes diqiladon of
mliwy cWeblltus in a declnin bdges avblrusuat Bl~dnstlo of pemliul IPeIN&Y wiust
be imathed by IncNaae yiugyW toe mvices end ruami pvw m ampes.. The
packadsWai in of 0 aMd SO am DOD sume s b at eveed to be Miowuy oaukldd Unil
the -t Q0R;"brha , I', oglraoraandoocmopwaul chop willpWnMammaunIn 0
am kw ywu as the poesotal inpea of =wrgla operWMo bs bm astudamot
noe b~fmsloxm ru obl and toe ocargawc *fIW u bAd a capaW*k and a iuuat to
crdal mdaWn kmhuetmre *C chap toe DoD #ad the LaramcygaW of wbic It Is
P&t 10 a a bfptutin 1MtV Meqkre a eMMIa. I - a , sow a"=do@# Msym,
-"UN AIdrporams.1s I DefeseInesglm labuh t us (Dl!) f oMtMlc&6=
wawaics, oompuasM doftwate dwabusa, apVUcad.m "e and oew lnamudo promasing
cgpabiltWe streches ase i mk pcb f~l.fawidely reogulaed watexlatin
MVapvpSe bInafoeio rym and orgpfrndoca wil Imye dLMcuiy meeting ihM ne"d of
16
mwxdiow. A rsdducto inl classfication nu&zIn the 'wha? end Wh wha"will be
mquire In order tem cut wn elveplp and achiev inls a woa ecs. EeAubliuhma o ah
3311d4p307 10 tisdmoloa aemr coul imov htputian efof ww ~haooagl tAndurlz
Symmsa, d iHual CON aaVhLn AMdodady, -m rgue doe age ht toe Ndoua Secsity
Couaci m~S to egabil a orpn~Abs lo perow &A 10 repoas"bWits to awp 'acsed a
tmmhendm Jowsluff "raluiltasto mehsava. 10 wtig" DGlob" to POOov ma xe1 ,
An Imporan way Coapmes caotlOlap~ bincy It m olad bu OrPalmatcua
smcauar is frwou he budgd and the goononry Act, wh~ch N~quhr aukh asm to midmbwn
othe agendau for aqsny pwc ovsid. Cizaady, this St Whibl doe effcive aoopmrado of
Weud~a ewing to whe dre l tofu. m difiuuito esubsbliso d dOmlr m *Js he da~s ies
iw to wbo taka the lad We aod who provid. s c in a OoKseWerrrla (cl) 10m5
.cmvlp* is mo uhwaps obvious For vaddoltm CT, fte NCW m t vade vMfl wpMAbtv thenf
uspgmi.teDqwsumt osSu. r ovw..opwadomor FIhr US oiy advhy howeve, IW.
dm. w lead kaulf well I* dw-W atmaqo usalpast Oftm AD Ilagie qSyW bu tOW
Oluop~ wy, uthority, capabiliy foie am 10 tua.Mqs."
0ov"Mas ad pivmesi Naon a wash to togther to reIW mma .1 tbe lear
uulmad to deft. Oodou lU md hafivW~m of avemaY WOWgOm kkumsk"."
gwnbui~ly the US may am - ran wmdaa heedd by a n1W Cam but hr theamn w, at
leauj &@e NISC vAd Wapint a lied agmay to acedimat with te pvowng mimbe of pkmer
eeded to work a natona 10 eawy"Certinl bsiedt ombe pkad by margia effesive
and diafoiwe 10 &tivitiu tinde SIR&l NPWal W withi the vilmtl geVernuwu ag4cife Al
Inhf Joint Sutwaf *Aer Jh3 provides fth aCIN a *Maie of pimy reqoaibUty fmr 10
Wifth USSOCOM, sub-cooaa Ism hawdovlpad yew g livela of compctenc
regardt 10 cocutiac Theatur Specia Qper¶om Cmeads (SOCs), bowvc, am mo yet
folly imnswmd v~th 1W d cale, m~g plom. Join Teak Pami M17 opvgmizaloa suwu
nwwceflsfor on10 cell a panof d Tstaff io uaist witIO1tewgmcawM oawtoirTF
uzsion. The oIdw Porn Air Ccqpoo Ccmmend (JFACC) and dom SOC Air Cofts!
Elwoal linkage toth 10 an NOd& hepmnuw ThU we dof SO d 1W lliaoIM ine
JFACC to woek Lam. for the Jol Tarpdne Coae&Wdm Bad adwA pove bmeiad" to
ftma opeitiamLO Now wpaazokoo m 4aualg damod ft, 10 qwd&HLaaW USSOCM ba
dovedop*Mg of JO paswoOae
7vme dfMen buonta wil dusmod oo*.ffiWo goludoin 3m. of its low
oseeblb payback atio, 30 will cantLas w be WWlh upoLOO SCTF mmoks Is reatively
mall v~ compare to coavadmsal fuss raqsqum ir uuuing their es"Dwlk. Thw
Wofafoiw rmvoiL= calado bo Imavsqd for gbI pqtuk s& and fod.Iaf to a emdlar Wfiai
DoD. May wotid argw iafbidon cmowwetvfy hsprvu the a&WVt w ou forms quicky at
die precis locaioo they ame nede sod dwmby mixes ameali mvos adoima mqeukemewa
Ami n bo~ragivo for wany WMO
The mllitazy's Imsp, esildoneL AmakaursWead, pymalda ataezucahom s b
mevalised. Busloes hos uhe~n doa wm~l1 proeu-hla~d hworieoa wue wock well in
0 WnoaMatlo InZMaIVe nvfroCMeMt Cwrn'I!y. an Amy corps otganiszaW do n looku s .
mwor Mie the Ougucinadon of Ofem! MOMr in *th 1950s dma a CA&-dzo..~ amporatoa of
toda Wk MorOMLat Tradows flaiudlity is weded to rePWdy dirctaWlm u Lus inmplax
alitwy OPeraIc. CAroM rview .fiearhy,. of ooaoLmpow. tine ad
.aualimtlon Is am"ned 1W will chag the way we apwrAc odlet. much Ubk do tuak and
Itke hmvndoneprevim*d. New apprache *W nquir radical nucttwl to faly
Linplemwa an eOkciv National mutiny IW *&Ve.ff
Any wusmg for IW aud la ioftuepai wAt SOY mont be Mily sppone of e broade
MS mad t*e NM (we Flgw 3). 11w NSS directs tha sawSa Intalligma oqahlides mAd
4'wln the bhunwo wa.00 Add&tinaly, saw Aculd it widi tb oasepsial teaplate
provdW by Joih W~aon 2010 im lawqee Mixadon boal d aaheolg ad 3W In the nw~
"cUgwy.* N20 10 slops AMu of apacfftAm iow repomalbilit fot labstmiom duahane is to
be paroWn out mog doe wvices bu, cley Wsablsw h doem!A lnporwc ofbhrmsdo
Lnfamttim opmsduwm aw bec , o ýmearewd ae lntap to w=mbatmd a am uhm
omabet --pp-we Aclreihginfiroudm. domfamee fU reqadie -~ twal. fOPuadam ad
kl~omu g um c iaow w" hn -dvwe C41SR haiwuk. ft Is esmdi thdatll the euvice
Idly =pick Md kuwon"t LW COOMtep 35.cive azsls to oMMMu grwing 10 &ami we
buing impkmAtad. Oman! Shlto., CINC USSOCOM, emew
Out *%phuh Ia t rpdly nVWev 10 admlma Wncude. coadmWde~owelpMtoftargtin uttidokwg (liIb, odes, =hu M & r).
vlwbmb&it* and idmu~ns1ja coordinationmuquiremeut fo operatlorialil
Aaq tiani sAMC mugt also be baned oa wdlotal policy. Azoeniu to devlop a
National Wd uogsln Policy ad answe difficult qymsdousA abotte chagig mnatx of 1W are
being seasd& by a powg nauiw o(govammem and pdvmt crguladons. Tbe President's
Nstioual Sacunft Teleomicaos Advisory Co m Inte (NSTAC) wA a jxo4. ilvol
IndnsTY YPInpeVOo the executive bnach on National Smorlty. NSTAC has assigned a task
hmto reviv MU and ln~rrmadom ammwms
Pokiy mvm dstwrins who will mintdo e4oI of 6w N~l and drwokp prowdui for
Inapadou wft ow DOL Cunedly. "5 pmoaof Dol, ww~niatm rdds an pub&i
swftchd naetworks *ftaru DOD has little sbflty iv "Con1,0 at influence s'wfty mtacbnds.14
Cunut limitwsano the DoD to povide a vWabl #intrs cqab~ly for out MU leav us
open to mack by Obe muiy (omcs who wish to IWIpl dic MS" NMS dictua doa US Ayes
projet powor beyond oew nationa bowadusu Such p~ojcdon requir policy devwkipmmw for
loagdstase, globally fused bfxin* yeto
Policy mist c~ulatf wh~thea imbladi.om sauk &ph*s ow, Indusby at evowuic
fintretm Is an smack apingt the US ft511ff M~ddavltlo y. whe pugls the 1W igger nost be
dmamurandim Cw"w national policy isquire National Securty Counil (NSC appmsal for
1W actions which uIVat nammufliuy Claumnt OfO po~ r tlw Itoe f m y oft" ,nmio
sumegy. Themw opwemioal oomftl 0(lW has bens deiegod to the CINC. Ruuts of
engageume (ROB) for 1W activWtm awpospeia4 Mdifit in a MOOTW scwAo. M Is the
queston of how muchi Ionfamatic to sbte ith our ecaoutn putmi n trsrJmmatomlandUS
20
law mu ohtm aoa.pecfic of overly rabicdwv, msk'ng 10 iapkmeardtoa difflcA For
bswmsthes~£1 US Ptivuy Act severly FImhs our actons aguin adh*usaim eve In te US."'1
lnobmujoo is nwe%.lbw, am We wed by both skde at th um dme &Wd bs had to
m om mid rstah advasuag ove, mainglu promatio exundey dft& 4' A new cqmsmn
policy should mopbkum secuity mad a Wesi &newwk for ftworklag oiupm lty, aid
M**iutin .uwegiu" Poly should Wn~pwt the media with othr.w i ofl --va MI US
benefit a IcANOLOV Piovida jwxna~lt Mwm t0 IMu d" tAi ala?4U1W. ibI 'Pus Wil
Incraliml uwe as te *poow mmne" kBWIWM inia srl"e
Aapoqurg Iafxrini ecbolog*los will requb a sysimme acquhito Wmp. TMe
umuvo value oIUWitay iweveb and develcpmmt (W) PrcOect Mi oaMUm lo pivg
imdy efg~soomrci f the shWf(COTS) sysA tem, dhwe bonsolime suwset mist bc
atabllhed Umh ku *nte pow, **Iday' oobea buuakihou& come how in wtke9iWm now
thm delhuec-iaed RAM Tahs chage call Im a gio- meamlnlms of pdods and a
mawxoxft bedwesm ultwy and Ckivla scec aid 1 chIoFogy.'" 1)e IN bawem Wedns-
edg technlogi and In-iam WAChnOlie must be brige qi~cly to mm vmacmfia
"qUicW= tio 1W by $OF In i %*rbmtin Age". DII preoq",ag IOWs Winie
latroeuiltyDusonvauulin od coTs ovumntou provi&de =h ma= hr rapid =*Wiuooof
ftchnologWe to mineim %*,icwmo. DISA aid AAA haew Joined isoh An Advwmd
afrastmn Tadhnlog Swloes idoi prop=n Office W"ic wil funhur ipedo sk inma of
"tchnowog to umiofigin N*pabilot
Unti recnty, wo aiy owumehiagaln a Asuy foW r the muplauu s of IW
cxsted 4. siaiocn st en oad such a ntavgy occurd vwith One w.m edo of DoD
Dk*i~W"3600.1. Thu oppcemmty nw exits ftrUSSOCOM to devlp a 'ieof aulbNty*
mvgading1W. The Joint St4 ul the lgeadat for DoD in dmluopin joWn doctin, Dompleted
Joint Pub 3.13 (Fiat Daft) oa 'lofomsion Op~ationsm in FebWmy 1997.10 The daft
P&Haadios Host s pomsibiiae (see qqsidix 3) #x USSOCOM bind on DoD Dbective 3600.1
sad Cheirman, Joint 014c of Saff nmcxdm 3210.01, 'JoWn 1w ?oaiq."'"
USSOCI)M Shou duumiae the aopmmwi req~iw~ to meft tkes pontata new
rcso~b~ldunow. A mission mee asinat on JcWIsW, vuWdassdby the Joint
Rxp~kwmmu Ovarsgi Cotaci (JROC Is Oaer 1996 provkld a v~iibc for the mvices
.4 USSOCOM todmvlop nquraammnt a Uig ue~mpa c pmopm 11 WP1 1)
UISC (:=CmO llct doe nAsseuy v an - so emum nwc"pbldes in ouyex badgets
buse on the dehned Ilm of subaifty. Tooe spat MiW prvides lda m so a ices~dcky Ni
$maw v~s~ibty of 501", muld--mv~c propm to &Su DoD and to thu Cmsue.
22
hacemuudagow mad CSmOusloal
We. - hve Ifefffl~ Savefe*.JrOeMM&. &wrprie.sd ?equii' U&i EqIuw dad 4&fwlw bWafaernu wwrfauv0
Joint Vision 2010..
Its t~asidan of the D*D aid USSOCOM to meet a tdlcafly dihu tanw =9s be
soakuawd kMve~d Wa~ucym caordinaý betwee tovmam. nK b~wq.md ptwvst
otaddomm n a if tU o WntaoftSofSP copied with IW is10bfit " sfw&lu
* SbWhh uwinddegiy 10 Teeheolop C ow I* Iuds USSOCM Moon* borom eouc mwrn 0l wkthn dw DaD Join StwR amd USSOCObfa Pd r~vlew SOw.Id 20 peet sDaD keu u lq Qmft t aad NDo Dm.ieap md@ policy and docobw which bw bisge a~nd DII and
wabIIn bs hstinugy Fooudae t whne Ua SP inomta *ttO inlsooin& 3adwno ISYI of unow wbonsw p~eelbI on ~ms I. pagmsy acuia sew"a im do t " .,m. do goveumd'bdg t wea 0pn we -,1Alo Ouk* Soghsaeqidlda 6w1in No ias"Wh lnkiag SMF. A0 awdei valley
*USSOCOM~d iblIA mialag 1p- w oawte 0mpmlbngadeePoe Wan SO---qtl-, i am C4Zsymwming"Fuoon
I~l~msn ofwmmnodo LW qvwtlfu, bo@4al.,d P imw, acrsuse SOFewSmee W ~ompabilid. ned vakoiinbde
# eAmbBh 10 mwr polb wbut I ,- wl elve OPWumIMS uin "dupl~aqmav (ILe. PSYOCPS, publc asks. lntolilme 37? 10 adsell*a
iswn amwm te D ud=mW cuelaeu i gn io w&e t hmfIndfnsive W but weto dw
acwkusa cOfaw ofud W. SOP Wboaui qpmldv* ly itqr 10 toeq NWe .ou a
symnuale amok Wooed at US InbrwnwtoWa "A~ermbUtlesm we t bout their meglef
w inu n a bogWd.
23
Cwmaiy, the United Stsie ba a window ei oppowait Io p -p- for the fatmr.
With we ampes competitr, a b~hsay economy, mid mllltay ad Wmlosculpulmineae.,
*6 tonu io v,~oht nw kzA'ualoa wcheloglrn od devlop new mxliwy auueges bs now. Ws
*Aulid ic me w e ow eftft I* lkvwas %dbuain~o gcs W avabies aid mopse
Cawvw~gi t=&nd indlei. & riuing ned lot A010, ad MOOTW In the fumham A
povidethe "addme.! rs" DoD rwpnkaka and fluedawithidn e m 5 yem DoD
w~f be~letBaE~ ot b~zntaI la c dandwedepadato0.50and JO. By
lnmmtn mpbubi an 10ý USSOCO4 wil In%=v~ afWe. ladqpgodge 1W cq".Ihtu
PVovI*tu kjwjrofle, vwd nd poH*%fly-#uidv apions fot ow nmdeim IemdmWp6 US
ma~ dwinsw wil tsamuý d&pad a ow inhandmal adsag. MW ow AWithy to
mploy so!' aim* the at sperm. of confilct, snoafly in MOOTW. weE Was the amx
24
GLOSSARY
Term br Sped. Opmrdons Fermi ?uladfpa M~oua"s'
ClIQ A~lae (CM~ AcdviU the erafbls jab,"inai Idium,.o a, ilk adlmse betwusmiltuvy *anu =d "ii anbwft" o heim" militoy @perioa&
Cmbemaog Twnrbais (CMT Offeshiv and dshaulve mams a towlude preemland
Cou~erprMIWnh (M? Actiownske to sob dewry. cap=r, or~m mrwacu ofmmn deautudom Includin ** appicmd=amtm~iny powe to prowe US hmosad kaerem;Iatedlpms *tooilne. ad anyalyi; od aqVp~n ofdiplmacy. aook molad spwn conuuolsA Ishow, of stold wctvidn may isquir,~ &Aodens wish oth US jovuew
Dkvet AdIsm (DA)s Shaout'dwam m*9es nd odw =Mfl..m oETesve aids o usa~i,up~,onxe moew. or Indi domepg as desgnledd pmnomi or noerleL
froreig Jleral Dahuu VW~)t As"v orpsiu Wna md adviahon bag da MMuiY odpmwD~gu~Sma to amble d=i to Iee an proatW tok bodid ftc. mkmkoha
bhnmlbe Oprmbao (10)s AW=u lak to a.onM OM" ialbmmmc I~k 1 UPPat Of
?ayeboegoin Opesados (SOWOPe Acdvtkae oo woma ulawtd lahm ý5 ip helpUadam: t iJuu or miohmc fkeig waadm and b~havim 6hwmbl. t o~gaaoms objadtves.
- 3eeeak~ae(5): ctonsa btan o vrU~ b ~imIob 1vum or odioodeedcm motho&h lubm~os coa~oklg te mab~ldee kIdntims, ad 4vhWe dol actuaat powndal am or to saw. dw FM, omringe ebwutitesdaae pudcsalywee
UammaemalWadn MUW)s Supp or miliy and patadimy up - de, -anotmafy ofhagda~i.,~eommilyeaatd y aiuuusorauo~ Iee. euid. umlm
wafs and otlur offensiv*, low.-sliW~ty aperidoss.
25
Two 9s r Mliieuy Operadem Other Thun Wars1
explicit at hupilcit hftDW~iul kpmet omavum my aspect dof Wh towing: the nimbu,type. m6 padbrmmc. cbmectsaistc ofu wepo u . (Inchadluag the command ed control
sincs aqpm waqwmKmto d any Mokd Iz6 gsu.hatbinin &W dwaaimericc mmusb. manthadca, equp*ent, depioymunt oripom ftb Ar~ld Forcemeamed by the pa"(tt. amompaau dlsimm ) ad, (b) an noe womiam on, osmearee Wml for dhe puipos of rducin instablt In do mmtny evirument
C~uembsua Twnruum Aacticr lWIdWn admrmdma (deounlv man" amu Ic sedwc
#ad- j maed to tarrodni Mm~ io qipos lmdai kaugom tbe eslaw &Wsa q cuto
DOD mupor te o er g opandem SupW. prvidd by doe Dqwm"m of Deh tolaw ae rnumin agacise to dnemet monitr, md oow the prodwdee trafficImn ad iw of
Ukaidag aa KDt ie. Zew A um osailb bye a mdkosl bod to prokibi specifiacdv4im ins apecif pogrq~&I ma. The pspom ay be Io poweade caamaton or pope towoolyr da bbavmrtome ic u t. deuim o(*e aac*1i~k bOd at ta* cantiued impostfoo df
iseuuag Freedm 4.avigtW&m Opeastm comducted to duamoust US or hinatmailudgWI* raipseekwumrumu
inadea dbmm or oth mer aa coedhim oak a isui P@K dim hom, or p*dmuodo ad& prin adu M ims *m to ab ore tam raus in Put dmqle to of Ios fproperty.Himaclhwi usisrw provide by US *ano is bAWd in mops ad theatlo The anhom't
W *gmod" toa oy hm w e pdUU7 resp.Thihy AN provl~g inmeiim wmin..
mitahay owpatu tod'" authuuLd Thome actvidas mWad imaken by doe DODCoopsaewto fosam n~u1 mucad a4pMt betwee theDipatttnttDsams admwycivalgvmsam npwcu rpeone for or indie appWciomof uescawumhneeoni tc, th muuqunme of civi mapmls or moubacli ft lahdlgami Mosbriy- MAlo ceied SCA
NatoW MAubam Chiv adfa milkay &W#W enm d toe aelOW by frelg farce withndntheemia's twit., dsing peudme, arime oriniupaslu, rmwboed e mien VImmualy coadWid Ieevem nmdom Nation aiam props= bacude. but are am flutdW to,waseiny mdainam, forolg finrmal dehms, othe US Code Thide 10 (DOD) prumu, md
26
YNommbiatWs tyamAaem Oper~ma: Oparsilo to~otg mA. uego~ drsgmnamumbowaf *= bad~ous in a foreig comauy. lb.. opeaiedm smrmay level"a USdtlaw %boe Jimves isn doger, nd mmW ala Woblus aslecrad upa mutoosa. Alaso auilod
Powe Opsadow Esconapasa. psacakoopbn opsa om d p... Wmhrcmt opertlocoanaedLu ~pswofdiplmoo b Ifoi a. mb~it ad aenama pemot
haud *(AsbvIUp am. w fpropoftloma br. by US wmbJKpu ufiliy obu aidoewherotrok who mom c r i ) w prelom os lUS f*a visul and uWm*, US titu(obew ur whatd in US at bmdp wails) aid huk prop y #ph* ulawN vislaso This
basrer OpwatI..a Opmdtlm somducaW a. smieb hr buss, LWe.* maws, sd upersomml a' hamm makma aaddw o*upmm% or kam wuleu w. Wood sewvy.
Sbow of mi Aa mpai Nm, duilpe io deamosis WS mwkiw *wil IWohs P .. dvlubWqyofUS~skM mis Ii plode m auap .dwueasmpdi uluadom, wifalmowd a.oonadzm. aq be A~kwoul Io US Wouasm ot wAmuau cth ios
5eggeand~o Rie AW: An aperaiam .smLty ma arni, khuosa aSM mWO1pewd. of
a pfOsd w~iddmWi yom aoamokdetidmof adpai idels. Mikca An M~ok MM IsIgdad. hailutdawmage gin a odo. daoy aobjutiw.
&"wu~ta Ibrm q Suppon proViu aa norgilad muow aa w slodwNth .ibow*OtsoulohmW pw~amu throgh ws ott *Wucm sad inmd woW S. uppow op
0 A wgm.suppot provid a. a govam~e~t in t. mftiny, ponusmi.y POWldalmemomakl, psyhobulglold civi snod=kns1 adwrtak a. deft awgmcy.
27
21
a.lUSTkaAfONS
Figure I
EMTRMAT1O1 WARJARE
AinunIM 1996: bs=Me~~t OVNUIMIO POW,"WNWubw GOM IL 194
29
Figwre 2
RANGE OF MILIAAY OP ERATIN9
UWAW
sea*
NNJFam 4V Pon-aPw #m-~ low
WA. - = 2 ý9Voftri M&mmbi
W.9. Hwmw mmaii% 1 M. I.
Scixu: Iob F. KO&Md Scoi ~ mD "Iod M ONMO V~c~ ?Wn LmuAA02 T"vw UvUrtj, 99, N
Winning winfoWa
rtsa& Info Suyuidty Ezawslas Ops NLodo O*jeiu
Scum: AdopW dimto US Joint CM4 of& kiuf a VWas 2010, ad bbrmdm War*m.Specia TacdkAl Opuatoa Divisio. briesa. 13 Fetvm7 1997.
30
Figan 4
JWM Dofe hr Zahbrmi~m OpwmilouReioaahM et. Comaadw in CbhK USSOCOM
1. QO&dAu &"*=A "v~a, I* tinin wd uvmwoi mad roum"i ono1
2. aitml limoN. %fth Smniac DeAme agmclwk mW otbW qpproom aamsin to
3. 3duW& bwimflow mqulzub MUppiabe oe 10 capabi~des belz dwo, e;duaAds&id C~ordedns with Dm~m Istuilgms Agwy MWA mad the Uom Sitaf t 4mdmwn u~m m ammgiauogdted Io brMelisum Cmmity.
4. Ioswptime 10 hlow Suvi chaool auuuA sad lo. appbpda la* dadmtaao a~ftdv" 3BA offiadve imi defwhv pcl f1 ww'be adaptsd"
5. O*pN fmn rneW16 10 4*bwtw& 106-ni fen to conmptin 10 (io hcAA W)Euto ServWWe 10 hem sad ue@Kdu eabtvey vippot wde oomabo
ooiw~utkiwoh 6. uparpdam Serv~ ompomem eamudrn.
66. Lwasme 10 oiPbGds amndo mw u o mLlMwy ou.ers.o
7. Coouitus *DIAMI D6.u Iafbmuaao Systemm Agmc7 (DIA), mad SA ae
Si--' dw.o, pVnwmm ad popuWl o(dAsuebmswid ap ortlng ioihbmve Almin.ambdalyl domwatl f 10.
L. As meuredv dvelop Su'ivc 10 palky, dofwla, sad COWlc doat GOOO40l
Soww. Unitd Swo JoWn Mobfi of 3,4 JoWn Pub 3.13 (Tout Dmtd) Penuam. WashialonDC21 Januwy M99, pp 1.10 thm 141.
32
KNDNOTES
5Jsck a* Nye kr., Wi WMII1 A. Oweas, -Acmaicas kfcMstls Edge. FoYrelpOatiI Mr.-WApal~ 1996. Val. 75, No. 2, P. 20.
lMduta C. Libici Mwha Is 1aomzt r Wa,&?.- DrAf Yeank^ AdyuCe Coimn~das -epw ad Technolog, luns* eeL Soso&i Snadles, Ntl~ami D.&u Uaelvmnhy, 21 JMy
1995, P. 2.
ýUli Whits Hovi, Om.e afth Pro.m of ths United Stm44 A NS~cary0&Fratv C/DWVMe uid s£alugwv, Washingt OmO plebrmyu 19KEpp. 24-25.
Uniied Saes JolwsChie of Staft XloedMilawy MV&mrp ftkeUnoddo ofAu4m~, W..hinstom GPO, 1996 0' is.
9ldiRdW Pont, Q=S Special Report on Infhmmio W~.k? COqnd &r SaeyJwOsru, Vol. 11. m. 2, Sm Fraemalo, C-A, P. 2.
tdiwd Swme Joint aMW6 vt aftZ 03bkt Viso* 2010: Am'Ica's VWlku7 heparift fbTomcmW' J~bV Fcv'c Qswrtv, Suinw 19Mao. 12, r41.
'Dspwom oftlo Amy, Miel MinumI M0 's h~Wa'x COwwauev
tqautemt adDeftmu Dlic*vo (DOD~D) 5600. 1, A~w~o~n *~ulmw, Decanber1996.
'Uited stsm Ab Joha OfsWC o Mwf J Pub. 3.13 (Firs Dmr aWt,1 Dxc'w~forbpfnuio OpawmEumWuMMbIMqio wqemt P~riqMa Ofm(00%2 Jwmy 197. .!it.
"Wfllina OuvsU, Oapts, USN, United Steas JawU 0&6 of Sug aE n l"m~Am="' DIYVsOIU DOvMeaw Iii0mmatb P~W2frn Wefing v US Amy Ww College 30
"Uniu~teSau. )dol Clajet of $off. Whie@ ?Puu hveWoemmao Prw: A &.repfbrhamc.. A# Decavw Upg In War. 1996, p. exouzl Mduccom by i gwill Jobs Mi.sbaliebvili haumam Join da Ozietof tat
"United Same Specal Oprmeesia Canmand, P&ub., S~eW Operwfu We Pm. .V., 2$ hauary IO P. 1-2.
1UUAWtdStats Joint CdMf of Staff ,Pub. 1.OZ DoD DIcdommy o MilItary andArncioId Toms, WaaUi.1m CIPO, 23 Mauch 1994, pp. 404-405.
"Ofus of h Auistmi Sectgtuzy Of DeSau0seSpftia Operadoa And Low lntmiatyCould.t 'United States Specisi Opeastions Fomcu, 1996 Postw. Statmnum, pp. 31-32.
UHemy X Shelton Gemeal, US.A, Commends:i~n Chiuf, United Stane SpecialOpetations Command. bdal1ft to US Amy War Collage CauLW al irncks,12 Februuy, 1997.
"PM Unl I. Balk, LI Cal, ANO, w d1, "Radsh to No* kmgt: Prwpairig Leader formUitwy Operatons Othe Than Wa," John F. Xambd School of(Gc'vseemw, NatonalSecwlt Prop=u Poliy 4IA(wO Pqepe W2.0 Huvwd University. 1994, p, 3.
"LUnId Stat.ol Miet of dSiatL JoWn ?Ab 1-02 "DoD Dictinar of Militay andAssocated Turn., VWuhkgm OPO, 23 Much 1994, p. 26&.
wtM.Iid Stsm JoWn ChMe~ of Cuaff, Joint P&b W-0, Jdwn Doclm/for MilitaryCOperaeom COhda Thuu Wdr, Washingtou OGM 7 knunmy 1995, p. OL-..
"IidL. p. M-1.
ftDth p. 2.
"Ianlfer Marison Taw sed John B.k Puiera,0 (~a Oeu 7iA m Th s.v 1"w Mpfa"jeae r At VV, Amp onta~r, wpun rdw rUA.U Aimy by RAd 1994, p. S.
MAWh Denici Dkfr.c, Cantral Ilhmeiim Apmey, bWmnWt lafnkmalm WafmrLbbk Page -U: #/. aat o~25 June, 1996
urm.nlef P. Bolger, Ls CoL, USA, Srape Pemc: Amakawu w War in Owe )9ft, NovatoCAO Presidio Pmms, 1995, M SO-$&6
'harles I. Dunlp Jr. Cokoes, USA? fSometimes the Dragon Winc A Perapecti onIziberatan.Age Wuwe, how. Coon & hutui'p~ct In., 1996 Mp 1.4.
'wOotdo R. fuJllvai end Anthon lt Comwull, "The Amy in die Intmatlom Ase."Crllal. Uarackz: &rauek Stid~s huttiii, 31 March 199S, Mp 3-4.
'PAWe C. Mlmader, atd. Stat. gi lafm o rmadoms Wagrfm: A Now ?wce of War."Powntew, US Amy War College Quartery, Voi. XOCV!, fo 3, Awama 19K
3p 5, 92.
34
vStuaz E. Johnson, et at, "Dcminaat Baulcspmc Knowledg: Tm W~ing Ed9%'Mnaf#tw. 4. lok NWlopaf#i Nrqc T m~u iosul Deft=e Univenty Prua, WuAsigfto DC.OMW MS. 5P. 11.
ftimn Schurtau %*fgumdot Woarf z'e: Cao the EBecutanlc &Szbba* y,"Thuadia' Mouth Ftc,, Now Yodt. 1994s p. 16.
5H~GWoa TrjAlg cmo*, Loikas Maivemwu, '1nom~on Opemaions 2010"r, FormemM kiwb% 1996,P. I5.
*LAWM" coo" Itpe d.1.1 OuoawgtdBud Wurfam A kctky Ifte IwbeNg ailCuuy.%kob Famc Qgae~er, Aniu 19K6 No. 13, p. SC.
AUult"d SMn joWn Chisf. of Ssa~ -Sc Vidma 2010: Amedica's Miliway PreparinAg Tomoawm., MvW Force Quwterb Ssuune i996 No. 12, p. 31.
nNum Aupntiae, Chief w~m. Offkce eNW Wie Cbffim LOckheecororwimhifig to US AMn Wit College, cWtw. Bwrscks PA, 7 Nowmber, 19M
OmIoe A. Caohen OA Rivolvdan Is Wafe, Fmlp A4zfrn Val. 75. N&. 2,p.47.48.
st h'd., p. 47.
%Id., Mp 47-48.
"IDougma Nfwpwar, "Steskb the fthlm: A New Desip fbe Lmdcpoww In the 21stCA!pewy,. Wompcu Camenacct, Pmepr. 1997. Lamptw M1.
35Deumb IppoIt., Chefam, D wupmton of Politca Sciaw4. Sauther Metbods -
Uvalvsity, Mehg In US Amy war College Cuaskl Dumcka, PA. 13 Novembe, 1I9M
sLiaed Stoto Mait Chie* of Sur.~ OWOMfonmto Wwfiff LeaL, Replamwey. POILk.yend ~glmmlCoeidrWime it AguumunOe Wablapvm OIPO, 2nd afM.., 2 July I P9g.
*Demo Scic Scod Taik forc, Wmuitnlmo WMAN -e Dshue" Offie of theUnder Beuey of Defenuse w Acqulsition aid Techfology. WashInatn DC9 November 1996
"4'ftesidmtw Dognmuus,"Execive Order 13010-ZrhCal 1nhmuarm Pioe CA~n"
37345-37350.
3s
'Robut F. XbhMlda, Nationa Secufty Ageny, Visitng Profsso US ArMY WowCcllge, itwvlow by &Wudr 12 Pebruur 1997, Cablsle Bumwks, PA.
4ohdc Welbl., OVulnerabe I* Atla& 1 Sub oftkue ge -S an ow1 on thmas~ tofalbarmlloo fystus,* Air Fomc lAims, April 14,1997, p. 28.
"Nftam Scluce BOWr Task Farte P. 6..
41Joh L. Nenau, nlb Read tO 2015: Profiles oftho Fitwo,"~Waift Orou Press. CA,1994, p. 33.
4'Thbd, p. 34.
4 ;:U. ,p.39.
"aDwida p. 445.
"UMcwatms,p. 253.
"Alva and MAd Toffie. aWarw An~fp-Wa.' Waw Book I=c, New York, ?-by19S, p. 177.
33schwafu, P. 3Mo.
'0Tbld., p. 22
%MulA LIWILI, CDP. 3aUM HIA4. 0t W, lb. Ravolndon In Mllkay Aftm~C moe Coacfwlam,* Natloud Drftan (Atvwruy. S~asg& Fwan. Instftet f* Natdmal
Sftte*i Studk6 pM 1-4.
NMbd, p.3.
"5Cupe, p. 84.
Orbid., p. 87.
"lAmn A. Ohs..,, Dlteeto Elecuonlcs Twdao~ob Offlc*, Dedm. Advancd Reseach?rojecs Ainicý, Twodqy's Teckiolcgy Degc TommarW'. MllkMa Raadlnm," imasueDARPA ETO Hmen Pago, 1996, Mp 1-3.
*AviD TOflRM I-War Rmaftb Owup Infwmadon Wadau Medi Labs, eaumt,
36
*Uahld St""u SPGCWa OPa~mic Commad, TMSOF Wion 2020, *p2-S.
aUndtsd SWaie 3kW Chiefs of Staff, Iniormatdo Awma. Divison, D4feIstvtAjmwkim WR'e* bdrad slides, 1997, p. 13.
aGhO., P. S.
Caserw. IS. s
"00fla of the Auuistait Sgrtvy of Detsuas SpccW ial Ipeon and Low hntmityCandlc "Tahsd Stake Specia Opu'udou ?orors,* IM9 Potv. Swimew,p. 27.
"Sdiwartw p. 22.
%bm Woxh*p Cotomd.I USAF. latwrviw by aibo 28 Iwmy 1997. (Note- CalWavlop ewnmly mlpemd to the Aaslat Searoty of Deaense Specal Opeandom and LowWatauy Coafilci WomasitoasDc
4CuIee I. Dunlop k., Colomci, USA?, "Sometlms the Duum WMm A ?C XMpcv onhimmODAPWaiffs' bvwawCal A MWFPWc, Inc, 1996 p.2L
OanvuI
*Offimo dth MAsdsmm Isauiy of Ddns, Special Opmilou ad Lew IbensityConSuflp -Unite Staum SpecWa Opuedom PomW, 1IM Ponwe Sbweuwu,IL.28.
"~UaULd Stat. Special Operouom Commit Pub. 1, SpecWa Opersoua im'Ptace andWw, 25 aauwmy 1996$ M 2.29,2.30.
"7Dua*a p. i.
"a" m 4.
*Xa~Mulv Deanan UnIversity, knstitue for Natina Set&agi Ws.uis 'Sýr~iAumemo 199d: luommuts o(Naioma P~wor Washingfto P06 pp. 14841.
"Mkmy IL Mahmkn O=M4l Camm~r In ChMC US Spdda Opeadom Command,imoeview by midAo, 20 FebAmy 1997, Cadie Baa~ks PA, and On"la T=Wnlot CaptaiUSN, US Sold Cbleh G(S"E J38. SPecWa TuchWca Operloas DviW bh.. ivlew by anthe.1 February 1997, Cui~sl Duracks PA.
37
"*Chuck TobwuIlo, Cqutin. USN, United Suit Joint Chieft of Staf 1onfoi~onWufrn.SpwWu Tacdca Opeasdons Dividaon bikfan 13 Feb~uuy 1997.
"Pnuldmata DoewwAena &ExmcWd 02dw 130 10-Qioa Whnftmsu Profetlon£zecuw *~Or&)10Oq'W45, 1996, Fe IaReenua:JuMY 17, 196, Vol. 61,NoW 13k P.37346.
*bftne% Inf atin Wwbh tmoila 'Examaiv gwmmq," *ApJI/ CARSLISEWWWA W GA=Y W hvft --11 wcsurn, 24 W"b~ 1996,P. 1.
'US= Dick, L.womm COlmi, UWA, USSOCOM Infradn Waahm Brich,Wwimo~c by nmw. 3 lama.7 1997.
OHmy IL SWM Ocaen0wu1 Cmmwdw in Chd.4 US SpecWa Opetulow Comizw4izmuvaw by uior., 20 Pebrouy 1997, Cutall. Barmbk PA.
ftgom of th Auk=tar Sa.aW o~df.hww Specia Oprmious wd LUw Im.mConflct, p. A8
OCagu fo Samegi sd lgigounda Saidim, Iadlas Udp Wufko Watkins (koup,Raxwt ca SmWa. 3,22 laouy, 1997.
"Libicki HIakhu p. 3.
"OL Cc)., Vp "74.
'OToC~a, p. 179.
Oros Whit House, Office of the Pmalds oftt). Unitd fmeeA Nwk"&aoeurfySVg qRaqV am4liawpeeu4 Wabiagu GOM ?ebrmaa 1996 pp. IX,23.
f~tsd Swuu Medn Chleh of St4 RXWlfed M1IhwySmwmv qf sh tbftd &*S ofAwv*A WW69Mt~ GPO, 1996P, I. S.
"JhaM X ShWahvikvli Om=tL, USA, Ohak.. J*W Ckl.& ofS94 *A Word leanda. Chainna, .Jht Yame Qswm*v, Sumne 1996 No. M2, pI -S.
t"UriW Siame Jcdw Mk* of S14l "king Vhalon 2010: Avw~as M~iiay Prupwingfix Tamenwf, JoWn Powc Quwrvl'ý6 S=w I99, no. 12, pp.34-49.
38
%mksa L Meadovs. Inf=Wm~n Damianac Anchors Vhion of Joint Warfam in3010,*NaidedD~j~u* December 1996, VoL L)OOUI, 3o23, *p12-13.
"NOmY K SWIMac Omesee, Cocasder In Chid, US Special Openuaon Com=mAIsuvirw by author. :0 Fcburuy ISM', Wideo Dafmcks PA.
"Ile hmildft's Nual=Wa Sam*lt Telewsnlcuzlou Advismu Cxemiuas 'TootShut,"23 F*,usy 1996.
"Sdhmwtai P. 21.
Ujbffg4 khmdoum Wenfr tutoia4 TOD Roles UW NMsWou '41/CARLSLI.WWW.ARWMMY~Amcu AwWg~u&#id3.htm', 24 Gitbr1996, p. 1.
"OuuvL
"LamIad TsbucchI Deffm. IWfosadcm SyteMs ApMc, Defus bb=W=oIahaeiuCMx )4AW PNo Monag, I T3xeewdv SaIS.0my Defei hofrMuuk, h,1abueWemowm P1.6 dNvieaber 19s5,pp. .4.
kbSwimu, P. 2S.)UjMK k&IMA,,M Wxfw okL -aMW 1 Weapom6- 4WAIUUL.
WWW.ARjW4YM =AIW / lftwtdfaodGAvnod., 24 Wcoe 19G, p. 3.
"IsWaucbap.
"MToUw, p. 167.
T"abrdil, p..
"WUaftsd %wu Join Chish o( Siff. Join Pub. 3.13 (Ping Dnalt) 21 kmw' 97. W
MUpp. !O. 11.
"Toimamcf@.
"I Offia of iba AWOMw Swcret of Ddemue, Special Operulu ad Low lWmmiyCoufi~ci p. 29.
'9
"'Olu~cairu Join Chefs ofSUN, "Joint Vision 2010." Pena~gon, Waahingtoa DC. 19K6p.16.
IUOtSA- of the Assistact Secrtary of DWenu, Special Opmntws and Low IvWtesYCouffict, Wp 31.32.
Unlowed Stai Join: age ft dstd joint P&b 3-o7, pp. aL- tbou ms~.
40
D3LJOGRAPRY
A~unanew Namm, ChiefExecthl Office Ini Vic ClalimTiaLckheed CoaPoruion,Widuip to US Amay We, Collq4 CailisL D3akr, PA. 7 Novewbo M96.
Bsth, Aceu'ld ,-n I~nsnn Colossi AN0, ot d., "Roed& to Now S~UUh& bPfflas~ImdUI fir MuWOy Opmetlcm Oihw Tm Ww," Joba F. KmAedy S"ho dfGo we mmng, Nauimcd Samu*y Pfegr Policy ANMysPrr p4. 402, HawdW-, 1994M.
Dolge, Deulhl P., Lkom~ Colossi USA& Savwg Plow. AimfcwatM 7v b, ire I90O.)4ovao CAO Presido Piwe, 199
Campe, Lawrenc S., at a~t lOwhdp43ud Wwfat A Seculty SailsV fw the NatCznt7.* Mwt powe Quo**~i Autwm 19K6 No. 13, p. 64.
CII-Imema Odl J*Ws CW46 of S04f *Joibt Vilo 2010,* PenaOnS Wftbkao= C 96
Cabin ZW~A., *A RsvcohMon LaW~~, Forufu Ajb*, VoL 753, No. 2.
CAer SUN S~tgo.d btaruAitWu Stuies Lindlg Edp War&* Waking QMW6~ RqpcxtceSu"os3,22 Jumay. 197.
D,, M fth mFil u~ 10.6 hwudfm Opuiwtlms Dom " 1996
DWAcb 3.1. Dim.cir CsI IuuWgcme Ageny. blmgt Wlabuad Wavhrs Link$No '4 1/ .sbmruWuste.mh04tbltnmO 23 3m 1996L
Dedue Maw Doud Tak Forms, "ntudxm s W*,n - Dno*is Offi otd.. Uliv&aw~y ofDn D exu Aodequads ad Tedinlog, WasMaps. DCo Nreveabi 196.
Dck, SinuS, Ueufwma CobWsi USAF, LISOCON CbWut Rahumn WwufBa*bmwhierlw by &ambr, 3 wY 1997.
DUa1* Chmars 3., ft., Colossi USA? So dwu h Drago Wim A 7uuse~ve anh1msuadoisAe WWW'ww.Cm. & AiWvPW, 1.., 19M6
Olmw, LinA., Dirctor c*wmc Tin¨ogyOffieDolesmdvmWed inevcpromae Agency *Tcuy's TecAoiog &"oet 'Tomamw's Miltay RudiaW,inmetm, DAPPA LTO How. Page 1996.
41
0nVeil, %WIU Cqtain. USN. Udwtd SUMS Ioimt M1ft~ of St4M Iaonuiin Anams~DM"~o D~mAwIIIW prxmsi WoaKm, hidaing to US Army War College,ClsH* Bmw~ku ?A, 30 iauWy, I99.
Iuwu ltItmgjo Worfir tuoris "Bxec~hi Suinnmy."4'hq:// CARLISLE.WWWARMYJM M~w~ ILorVumCSUUm, 24 Octbe 1996.Iantat Y-famotm wathre htociul. "DoD Rolum od Wmlzulou '4mnpJCARLISL3.WWW.ARMY.M %WL&js*dW~AodaI/od3, 24 October 1996.
hsWmew Iahwinoa Wuar. bMetal, -IW Wapd.a,' 4WJX/iAR.LSLE.WWW.AAMYML /Acsl / lw/WI zWbaod6lbon>, 24 October 1996.
bpo~lto, Dockis C1bfnri, Depousmt of Polbical Sdwmas Soatber M~hodig UnivoMty,kidag t US Anmy Ww Callows Cuba!. Dwckav, ?A, 13 Nwimher, 1996.
lobwo.m SUMIt B, raoL., "DoinW Bom Knowisdor Tim Whining EdgeoAnwjabeM Namld Srdqk S"aud, NmimsuI Delan. Wusiwiuy Nw.s,WWasigoo DC, Octob I M)9.
Ell".ki MWIs C., "Wbet Is lntowilm Wufre?," Draft Va"on Advmced CccmumsdComo~b aod Twhaclogy, b1dm h Smwglc Sudies, National Dv~aaUavkuadq. 21 Muy 199M.
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Macpqo, Douglas *Sroaking the Ph@~ A Now Design St Lmmdpmwr In tb. 21 itCmon7," Wuvmon swC. cokai hrq' 1997.
Meado'ws, Us&&~ 1,. nkWamom Dohmlto Ancbcv Vision of 3dM Wad.,, in 203 V~YWA Do.Au~ Dumber 1996, VoL 1200W No. 523.
Minaht, Rebut F., Notional Somflty Ageny, Visiting Pzcbuo U. - my Wor College,Iouevimby m~o 12 Febtuu7 1997, Carlisle Da-r1uml - PP
Mo~rAwu Roger C., o d., numagic klmomniond Wwfmw A Now Fat, of Wv,*Pammtnu.n U3 Army Wer College QMWutdy, Vol. XXVI, No, 3, MAnna IM9
Nadtioa Dsfm. Uulveru, inatiut for Nindonl Stustogic Studi., *Sn'aaug AuuminagIM9 uwMzen of National Power.* Washington 010.
42
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Offic of**h MA*Am Soacmry o(sDzue, Spe~u Operviss and Low 1WmsityCooAKt Vnieed Slate Spscial Opasdoes ForcesW ONR P.WeO $eMnI.
Poona. John L., wrhe PAWio 2015: hffine oftt FatWs Woelt Oloup Prm CA, 1994.
POWW, Richard, "CSI SPeoW Rjapt as nfkftlan WWWr. CqWeiW eS#".bwrut VoL 11. Sno.2 aFfclsoo, CA.
Prss~dutWa DoamAmna 1Ruoive rda 1301 0-OWWoa khoafratub PIO on.kuwA.w C*r 1)010 @1.415Is,1996 Federa RO&CC July 17, 1996, VOL. 6 1,No. IX8
schwuia, Yb.,wi nWamugla Wa~m Chao an the Edc"We Supmbhway,"TIbader' Mouth has, Now York, 1994.
Shah, Hwsy R Oumc, USA. Cm&DA AWSO PC mdCmaa= , ah Io a$iU An" War Coaqs, Cumiai Bwwcks 12 Fdvm~y 1997,
Sbah.., Hwmy H., Oinum Caindu ima4 USle SPsd OPMm~o CoiinM11 !nsvi~wby vA*ha 20 Fsbway 1997. Canas &mob. KA ad Mains T~.muhflk Capta.IUSK. US Iwo C"af ofst4 338 SeilTehial" Opamilas DivluMo kaur1ew byu1w 13 Pebwy W99, Carlid. ban. MA
Sbdtik~avl 3d. Ms. OeaI, USA. Chanmi Jokat Chlo& af 54 -A Wood Frau doch0uaw ma v Jawjew Qswaew*, Sinu 1996 No. 12
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Tanbuullo Omk, CaptaJ, USN, Unite SWes JoWt Chloe OtSIA 4 W1~IfbtOMWwwtm.Spwdu Tsedalu Opuu~otw Divie b. ddq US Amy WN COV6hgs CwrlsleBunch, 13 Mainwy 1997.
Taw, Jeuri maic Midaw Iwo 3d Pews. 070athw Odu ?Am WN: hJhaimsm'waUIA mIk~,AnWyoCate.-P guspa dwSt U.S. NAry by lad, 1994.
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43
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