19th and 20th Century Morocco

By: Anjali Devjani and Andrea KaderInt. Seminar and Studio II

Morocco-A country in northern Africa

-Population: 33 million

-Officially known as the Kingdom of Morocco, following the end of the French reign in 1956

-Official languages: Arabicand French

-Religious affiliation: Islam

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Morocco nineteenth century

The role of the Jews in Morocco during the nineteenth Century

The role of the Jewish women in Morocco during the nineteenth century

Thesis statementIn the Nineteenth century the Jewish culture, especially

the Jewish women, made a significant impact in the

Moroccan society and broke pre established

paradigms about the traditional gender roles. They

influenced Morocco not only in a historical manner,

but also from a social and artistic point of view.

19th Century

Jewish community- largest one in North Africa.

Morocco was a desired area by all of the European powers- invaded by the English, French and Spanish.

Jews were favored by this period of invasion-consular representatives, officials, negotiators, and administrators at the Moroccan court.

Jewish Women-Early 19th Century

"The beauty of the Jewesses of Morocco has a character of its own, unknown in other countries. It is an opulent and splendid beauty, with large black eyes, broad, low forehead, full red lips, and statuesque form."-Edmondo de Amicis

La Belle JuiveLa Juive (1853)- Jacques Halévy

Ivanhoe (1820)-Sir Walter Scott

A Jewess of Tetuan by Jean-

François

Portaels (1879).

Jewish Women in European Art

Jewish woman in Morocco by Alfred Dehodencq

Young Moroccan with roses by Jean Francois Portaels

Eugene Delacroix

Studio Project #1

Late 19th Century1860-Alliance Israelite Universelle

Education- Changed the pre established archetypes of the traditional gender roles

Moroccan Jewish Culture

Mimouna Henna Party

Studio Project

19th 20th Century-Norm Of Modesty: total seclusion of married women. Obligated wives to cover their hair and remain at home, out of public view, segregated from men.

-Purpose: Reinforce Islamic culture and traditions, control the expansion of the Jews.

-Conflicts, then caused a move back into tradition...

20th Century-End of the French Protectorate in 1956, Moroccodeclared a constitutional monarchy

-Thus bringing out a nationalist movement within the country

-Thesis: The growth of patriotism caused an increase of passion for the culture and traditionsof Morocco

-Traditional Moroccan fashion, in regard to objects that adorn the body, was brought into modernity and the 20th Century.

Coat of Arms (1957)

Nationalists

What is traditional Morocco?

-Location allowed for extraneous influencesfrom varying countries

-Along major trade route of Islamic cultures, amongst others

-The European fashion along with the Islamic culture and tradition are major attributes of ‘traditional Morocco’

-The combination of ideas and skillsets formed the style that is Moroccan fashion

Traditional patterns-Moroccan designs have distinct patterns with bright colors

Moroccan tradition was brought into modern fashion

Before After

Riad: is a traditional Moroccan house or palace with an interior garden or courtyard

-They incorporated organic and natural elements into their daily lives… as well as the Fashion...

Studio Project 1: Jewelry Piece, process

Lost Wax Jewelry Casting

Eight Pointed Star

Studio Project 2: Printmaking

Printmaking: Process

Silk Scarf

Thank You!