A) steel B) oilC) railroads D) miningE) automobiles

1. America's first big business was

A) Interchangeable partsB) Assembly LineC) Electric PowerD) X-RaysE) Automobile

2. What technological innovation was introduced by HenryFord in 1913?

A) workers’ activities are timed, and incentives aregiven if they can complete these activities faster

B) workers strike, but instead of leaving the factory,they remain inside

C) management lowers wages and salaries in order tosave the most money and maximize profit

D) one owner lowers prices of his products in order toundercut competition

E) workers purposely working slowly because theyhave no incentive to work harder

3. Which of the following is an example of “Taylorism”?

A) his work as an agricultural chemistB) his role in promoting black rightsC) his control over a black-run educational institutionD) his biology contributionsE) his early work on genetics

4. George Washington Carver was most famous because of

5. Base your answer to the following question on thefollowing statements below and your knowledge of U.S.history.

Speaker A:  I support an era of national unity inwhich the government would regulate the Americaneconomy.

Speaker B:  I believe that legislation should becreated to break up monopolies and cooperationbetween business and government should not bepermitted.

Speaker C: I believe in a conservative form ofgovernment that would encourage industries toresolve problems internally.

A) Eugene V. Debs B) Theodore RooseveltC) William H. Taft D) Woodrow WilsonE) Robert La Follette

A supporter of Speaker C would have voted for whichcandidate?

A) The standard of living remained nearly the samebecause a large percentage of the nation’s wealthwas going to foreign investors.

B) The standard of living increased dramaticallyfor only the small percentage of people whoowned the large industries.

C) The standard of living decreased drastically inurban areas with the arrival of immigrants.

D) The standard of living increased significantly in thecountryside as thousands of poor farmers andformer slaves moved to the cities in pursuit ofwork.

E) The standard of living took on a cyclical pattern as aresult of the constant changes in the economy.

6. How did the rapid economic growth of the United Statesaffect the standard of living?

A) A tremendous influx of immigrantsB) Improvements in factory safety and workers’ rightsC) Availability of investment capitalD) Establishment of Western reservations for Native

AmericansE) The demand to improve transportation systems

decreased

7. Which situation was the most influential in bringingabout the rapid growth of industry between 1865 and1900?

A) His company manufactured various kinds of goodsfrom tobacco to packaged foods.

B) His company became the first to sell shares publiclyto investors.

C) He employed the technique of “verticalintegration”, or the controlling of every aspect ofproduction from raw materials to shipping ofthe final product.

D) He hired people to oversee the everyday operationsof the company.

E) His factories were overseas however; his company’smain offices were in the United States.

8. What was unusual about Andrew Carnegie’s businessorganization?

A) compete successfully with foreign importsB) succeed financially while working within the

regulations adopted by the governmentC) introduce safer and less expensive products to

consumersD) improve factory conditions for workersE) consolidate the manufacturing and distribution

of products

9. During the second half of the nineteenth century, a majorgoal of new types of business organizations was to

A) The first trans-continental railroadB) The Standard Oil CompanyC) The first example of large scale steel production

in the United StatesD) The largest shipping company in the worldE) The Wharton School of Business

10. Andrew Carnegie became famous in American businesshistory for establishing what?

A) Americans desired a socialist economyB) the American economy was unregulated by the

governmentC) railroads connecting the Northeast and the

Southeast significantly improved trade betweenthe two most populated regions of the country

D) the discovery of coal and iron mines in theMidWest greatly expanded the kind of rawmaterials that could be manufactured

E) the dissolution of the Second Bank of the UnitedStates encouraged a period of speculation andinvestment

11. Part of the rapid growth of American industrydeveloped because

A) I only B) II onlyC) II and III only D) I and II onlyE) I, II, and III

12. The second industrial revolution of the 1880s becamefeasible with the development of which of thefollowing?

I.  The completion of the nation’s moderntransportation and communication networksII.  The coming of electricity in the 1880s whichprovided a more flexible source of power thansteam for industrial machineryIII.  The integration of multiple kinds of machineryinto the same factory building

A) III only B) I and IIC) I and III D) II and IIIE) I, II, and III

13. Which of the following are true statements about thefirst transcontinental railroad in the United States? I. the Union Pacific railroad company built west, whileCentral Pacific built east II. the majority of funding came from privateindustrialists such as James Hill III. the railroad was completed in Promontory Point,Utah in 1869

A) A Century of Dishonor by Helen Jacksonpublished, surrender of Nez Perce under ChiefJoseph, Sioux defeat of Custer at Little Big Horn,Ghost Dance movement, Dawes Act

B) surrender of Nez Perce under Chief Joseph, GhostDance movement, A Century of Dishonor byHelen Jackson published, Sioux defeat of Custerat Little Big Horn, Dawes Act

C) Sioux defeat of Custer at Little Big Horn,surrender of Nez Perce under Chief Joseph, ACentury of Dishonor by Helen Jacksonpublished, Dawes Act, Ghost Dance movement

D) surrender of Nez Perce under Chief Joseph, DawesAct, A Century of Dishonor by Helen Jacksonpublished, Sioux defeat of Custer at Little BigHorn, Ghost Dance movement

E) Dawes Act, Ghost Dance movement, Sioux defeatof Custer at Little Big Horn, surrender of NezPerce under Chief Joseph, 

14. Place the following events of Native American historyin the American West in chronological order, fromearliest to latest.

A) responsible for Idaho being granted earlystatehood

B) worked by, and creating a community for, newimmigrant groups

C) the setting of Jack London's novel Call of the WildD) the first major gold strike and impetus for the

mining frontierE) the producer of more than $300 million in gold

and silver

15. The Comstock Lode is most notable in Americanhistory as

A) killing, almost to the point of extinction, thebuffalo that Indian culture relied on

B) confiscating the horses brought by the Spanish thatenabled tribes' nomadic lifestyle

C) spreading deforestation to build farms andhomesteads, endangering native species

D) fencing off large tracts of land, previously used byIndians, for cattle ranching

E) driving most of the Indian population further westthrough military action

16. Americans moving west dealt the biggest blow toNative Americans on the Great Plains by

A) It provided  money to average Americans to buyland.

B) It provided money to railroad companies to buyland.

C) It provided money to colleges specializing inagriculture.

D) It created a social welfare program for people whodid not own land.

E) It created a new system for government landdistribution.

17. The Morrill Land Grant Act did which of thefollowing?

A) the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890B) United States v. E. C. Knight Co.C) the inventions of the typewriter and adding

machineD) the great railroad strike of 1877E) the creation of the American Federation of Labor

18. Railroads were finally prevented from waging secretagreements to fix rates and share traffic by

A) Tariffs rose following the Civil War, but fell afterReconstruction finished.

B) Tariffs rose with the growth in industry, but fell asreformers took control of the government.

C) Tariffs fell continuously throughout the period,leading to low prices on goods.

D) Tariffs fell immediately after the Civil War, butrose as southerners gained influence again.

E) Tariffs rose continuously during the period andindustry wanted more and more protectionagainst imports.

19. Which statement best describes the development intariffs in the second half of the 19th century? 

A) The Act had no support in Congress.B) The Act was vague and unclear.C) The Act did not have the support of farmers or

small businessmen.D) The Act was the product of compromises which

rendered it ineffective.E) The Act violated the sixteenth amendment.

20. What was the biggest problem with the ShermanAnti-Trust Act?

A) The Act was effective in shutting down several ofthe largest monopolies in the United States.

B) The Act worked in limited doses, but wasinvalidated by the Supreme Court in 1900.

C) The Act was used by a pro-business SupremeCourt to work against labor unions andfarmers’ collectives.

D) The Act became ineffective because a string ofPresidents declined to allow their AttorneyGenerals to fight trusts.

E) The Act made no further Anti-Trust actionnecessary for the next fifty years.

21. Which statement best describes the effect of theSherman Anti-Trust Act?

A) The Commission grew more powerful andcovered more forms of transportation untilderegulation in the 1980s.

B) The Commission started out as a force, but wasquickly weakened by legislation, and neverregained its power.

C) The Commission controlled railroads, but asrailroads became less important, it ceased to be afactor.

D) The Commission was ineffective in its control ofrailroads, but revamped to control planes and carseffectively until the current day.

E) The Commission was undermined immediately byPresidents who believed in a hands-offgovernment.

22. Which statement best describes the development of theInterstate Commerce Commission?

A) Constant expansion over the forty-year time spanB) Expansion until the 1880s, followed by a period of

depressionC) A series of booms and depressions throughout

the last half of the nineteenth centuryD) Not significant expansion or depressionE) A constant cycle of expansion and depression until

the 1880s, followed by a period of amazingexpansion

23. What was the general pattern of the American economyduring the late nineteenth century?

A) The federal government’s attempt to reduceinflation by increasing unemployment

B) The issue over the devaluation of the goldstandard

C) The Bank of London raised interest rates to pullgold to London

D) Over-speculation in the stock marketE) Railroad companies could not repay the loans

they received from the federal government

24. What was one cause of the Panic of 1873?

A) The economic boom of the 1880s encouragedmany wealthy entrepreneurs to buy large amountsof stock in the railroad companies.

B) The federal government gave special land grantsand other subsidies to the wealthiest investors.

C) The economic depressions of the 1880s ledmany railroad companies to consolidate.

D) The depressions of the 1880s led to violentprotests forcing smaller railroad companies toclose.

E) Severe weather destroyed many of thecompetitors’ lines during the 1880s and 1890s.

25. What led to many of the railroads lines coming underthe ownership of only a few businessmen?

A) George Pullman B) Eugene DebsC) Samuel Gompers D) John L. LewisE) Thomas B. Edsall

26. Who was the most prominent figure in the PullmanStrike and the development of the American Socialistparty?

A) I only B) II onlyC) I and II only D) I and III onlyE) I, II, and III

27. Who of the following were leading railroad magnatesduring the nineteenth century? 

I.  James HillII. Edward HarrimanIII. J.P. Morgan

A) The victorious Union used the existing railroads inthe South to transport goods to the West.

B) Many new railway lines were constructed by theConfederacy out West to supply the soldiers.

C) By the end of the war, almost all of the existingrailroads in the South had been destroyedduring the battles.

D) The Confederacy destroyed many of the railwaylines in the North to cut off the Union soldiers’supply lines.

E) Railroad entrepreneurs were no longer as eager toinvest in the industry after witnessing thedestruction of so many railway lines.

28. How did the Civil War impact the development ofrailroad systems in the United States?

A) were used only to transport people from one partof the country to another

B) hired its workers both part-time and full-timeC) often created new centers of populationD) usually served already established communitiesE) were owned and operated by the national

government

29. Unlike European railroad systems, the Americanrailroad systems

A) Railroads received public land for developmentvia federal and state land grants.

B) Railroads were only built to link highly-populatedcities.

C) Congress had very little to do with the enormousrailroad boom in the West.

D) The railroad industry bottomed out in 1880following a strike the previous year.

E) All merchants or companies who shipped theirgoods on railroads received rebates.

30. Which of the following describes American railroads inthe late nineteenth century?

A) It ordered the construction of a railway line whichwould connect the entire Pacific coast of theUnited States from Washington to California.

B) It provided government subsidization forrailroad construction with large land grantsand loans.

C) It was the first attempt by the national governmentto pursue the construction of a transcontinentalrailroad.

D) Following a string of tragic accidents, this actestablished competitive examinations to gainlicensing to be a railroad engineer.

E) It authorized Congress to create its own federallyowned and occupied Pacific railroad.

31. What was the purpose of the Pacific Railway Act of1862?

A) The sparse population in the West made buildingthe railroads a high-risk investment.

B) The railroad construction industry experiencedconstant expansion during this time.

C) Much of the track had to be laid on difficult terrainin what was sometimes dangerous country.

D) National and state governments subsidizedrailroad construction industries.

E) The railroad industry experienced immediatesuccess often immediately after the tracks werelaid down.

32. Which is NOT true about railroad construction duringthe middle of the nineteenth century?

A) Renaissance man B) self-made manC) strong, silent type D) confirmed bachelorE) rebellious youth

33. The fictional Horatio Alger was the epitome of the

A) Robber barons soon turned into philanthropists,disavowing their anti-competitive practices infavor of donating money to their communities.

B) Farmers and laborers demanded governmentregulation of industry.

C) Social Darwinists led by Herbert Spencerconvinced many Americans of the survival of thefittest.

D) Labor demanded the eight-hour work day andabolition of child labor.

E) Women’s rights activists pushed for the women’ssuffrage.

34. What was one consequence of the monopoly capitalismof the late 19th century?

A) He had opposed acts like it his whole life.B) He was part of a faction of the Republican

Party which supported the spoils system.C) He was a strong supporter of lowering the tariff.D) He was known as a corrupt and scandalous

politician.E) He was regarded as an honest and efficient

administrator during his time as Governor of NewYork.

35. Chester A. Arthur’s support of the Pendleton Act wasremarkable because

A) Democrats controlled the House and the Senatethrough most of the period.

B) Muckraking progressives pushed their initiativesthrough state and federal government.

C) Presidents during this period were relativelyweak and were dominated by Congress.

D) Northern industry did not take control of theAmerican economy until this period ended.

E) The veto was first used as a political weaponconsistently during this period.

36. Which of the following statements best describes theperiod between 1865 and 1900?

A) improve the safety and working conditions of thefactories

B) produce products that would be less expensive forconsumers

C) practice “vertical integration”, the businessstrategy adopted by Carnegie and Rockefeller

D) abide by the newly created governmentregulations, so as to avoid punishment

E) expand into the overseas markets

37. During the second half of the nineteenth century, amajor goal of new types of business organizations wasto

A) Workers were paid higher salaries, because theywere expected to have more mechanization skills.

B) The gross national product of the Americaneconomy decreased steadily.

C) Basic industries were taken over by thegovernment.

D) Small businesses had difficulty maintainingtheir competitiveness.

E) Pools and trusts became less efficient forms ofgovernment.

38. As the United States became more industrialized, whateffect did mechanization, improved technology, and thedivision of labor have on the American businesssystem?

A) I only B) II onlyC) I and II only D) I and III onlyE) I, II, and III

39. Which of the following business techniques did therobber barons use to emerge as the leaders of Americanindustry?

I.  Vertical Integration, the controlling of all aspectsof manufacturingII.  Overseas FactoriesIII.  Large-scale, specialized production

A) MugwumpsB) MuckrakersC) Cavaliers of IndustryD) Robber BaronsE) Corporate Crooks

40. Which term referred to the wealthy industrialists at theend of the nineteenth century who ostentatiouslydisplayed their wealth?

A) income levels for workers would be improvedB) for the first time, middle-class Americans would

have an opportunity to own stock in companiesC) economic possibilities outside the United States

could be exploredD) production methods in the large corporations

were more efficientE) government intervention in economic affairs

would decline

41. In the United States during the last half of thenineteenth century, many businesses merged intocorporations because

A) It generally ruled in favor of unions. .B) It tended to side with corporations.C) It was effective in stopping government

corruption.D) It recognized that African Americans were being

denied their civil rights .E) It limited the federal government's ability to

declare war.

42. Which of the following statements about the SupremeCourt during the early 1900s is most accurate?

43. Which of the following statements about the GildedAge are true?

A) I only B) I and IIC) II and III D) All of the aboveE) None of the above

I. African Americans from the North tended to vote forthe Democrats. II. Southern farmers generally voted for theRepublicans.III. People who fought for the Confederate army usuallyvoted for the Republicans.

44. During the early Gilded Age, which of the followinggovernment agents became known for curbing theregulatory influence of the other two?

A) I only B) II onlyC) III only D) I and II onlyE) II and III only

I.  President II.  CongressIII.  Supreme Court

A) workers' rightsB) Native Americans' rightsC) business legislationD) the foreign-policy doctrine of preemptionE) very little at all

45. The early Gilded Age presidents were renowned forchampioning

46. Which of the following schools of thought served tojustify the financial dominance of businesspeople inlate-1800s America?

A) II only B) III onlyC) I and II only D) I and III onlyE) I, II, and III

I.  Laissez-faire capitalism II.  Social DarwinismIII. The Gospel of wealth

A) John D. Rockefeller and OilB) Andrew Carnegie and SteelC) E. H. Harriman and RailroadsD) J. P. Morgan and BankingE) Gustavus Swift and Rubber

47. All of the following robber barons are correctlymatched with the industry that made them richEXCEPT

A) A Southerner who served in a Reconstructiongovernment.

B) A late 19th century Republican who supported thespoils system.

C) A farmer who supported free silver andgovernment regulation of railroads.

D) A Republican who defected in the 1884 election,supporting Grover Cleveland.

E) A progressive in the early 20th century whoexposed the problems of the urban environment.

48. What was a mugwump?

A) He believed that men had the right to take as muchmoney as they could obtain.

B) He thought that men had the right to get rich,but with that right came the responsibility togive back money

C) He believed that men should get rich, and givetheir money to their families and heirs

D) He thought that men had the right to get rich, butonly if they did it the right way while payingworkers reasonable wages.

E) He believed that men needed to get rich to validatetheir existence.

49. How did Andrew Carnegie interpret “The Gospel ofWealth”?

A) kept wages and salaries reasonable even in thewake of depressions

B) made the United States a leading industrial powerC) often gave money they earned back to the

community in the form of philanthropyD) kept the U.S. debt from getting too highE) pushed progressive legislation in Congress

50. “Robber barons” are sometimes defended because they

A) the climate in the South was not conducive toindustrial development

B) other regions of the country lacked adequatetransportation means

C) the Northeast had the greatest supply of capitaland labor

D) the West and the South had few natural resourcesE) the majority of the large cities of the United States

were located in that region

51. In the nineteenth century, industrialization in the UnitedStates became concentrated in the Northeast primarilybecause

A) Rockefeller employed the technique of verticalintegration, where his company would controlevery aspect of production from raw materials toshipping of the final product

B) Rockefeller recognized that the company thatcontrolled one stage of production would beable to determine production and prices, andtherefore dominate the industry

C) Rockefeller’s company manufactured steel whileCarnegie’s company manufactured oil.

D) Rockefeller emphasized workers’ contentment andsafety in his factories.

E) Andrew Carnegie opposed philanthropy.

52. A major difference between Andrew Carnegie and JohnD. Rockefeller was

A) Laissez-faire governmentB) “Survival of the fittest”C) Capitalism and Unrestrained CompetitionD) Society should make an effort to improve social

conditionsE) Andrew Carnegie’s “Gospel of Wealth”

53. Which of the following terms/phrases directly contrastswith the philosophy of Social Darwinism?

A) Immigrant factory workersB) Corporate leadersC) The President and the federal governmentD) Middle-class merchants and business ownersE) A muckraking journalist

54. Who would have most likely agreed with the tenets ofSocial Darwinism?

A) Wealthy industrialists and financiersB) Middle-class AmericaC) Farmers out WestD) BankersE) Railroad moguls

55. Who of the following benefited during the Crisis of1893?

A) Wealthy Industrialists and financiersB) Middle-class AmericaC) Farmers out WestD) BankersE) Railroad moguls

56. Who of the following benefited during the Crisis of1893?

A) the ever-increasing inflation rate of the U.S.economy

B) connected to the United States' gold standard linkswith the London-centered world economy

C) the Bank of England’s raising of interest rates topull gold to London, leaving the United Statesshort of currency to be paid out to farmers andmiddlemen during the shipment of the fall harvest

D) overexpansion and excessive debts, whichforced many railroad companies in the UnitedStates to go bankrupt

E) the possibility that "free silver" might sweepAmerican politics making numerous investors andfinanciers uneasy

57. The catalyst for the Crisis of 1893 was

A) ProhibitionB) Christian fundamentalismC) Civil rights for African-AmericansD) Women's suffrageE) Anti-imperialism

58. Which of these social movements is NOT associatedwith populist leader William Jennings Bryan?

A) The Carnegie Steel Company had reduced thesalaries of iron and steel workers.

B) The national government was providing free landout West to railroads.

C) The Wilson-Gorman Tariff, which did little topromote overseas trade as a way of saving theeconomy

D) The Dingley Tariff, which raised rates to newhighs on certain commodities

E) The Anti-Saloon League, an organization thatencouraged the prohibition of alcohol

59. The Homestead Strike in 1892 was a protest againstwhich of the following?

A) enacted civil service reformB) repossessed land from private ownersC) won and lost different elections on the same issueD) received more popular votes but lose in the

electoral collegeE) served two nonconsecutive terms as president

60. Grover Cleveland is the only president to have

61. During the late nineteenth century, farmers tried theirimprove their conditions by

A) I only B) II onlyC) I and III D) II and IIIE) All of the above

I. Resurrecting the Whig party II. Pushing for inflationIII. Limiting production

A) voting restrictions and heavy control of businessB) direct democracy and laissez-faire capitalismC) government-owned industries and laissez-faire

capitalismD) direct democracy and heavy control of businessE) voting restrictions and government-owned

industries

62. The Populist Party's "Omaha platform" advocated

A) With the coinage of silver, many of the reformsthat Populist Party sought had been accomplished.

B) The farmers were marginalized by the power ofbig business, which prevented the farmers fromuniting.

C) Urban laborers found a different party to support,destroying the coalition which had put the PopulistParty into power.

D) The Democrats co-opted many of the Populists’positions and candidates.

E) The Populist Party’s reforms were discarded as tooradical for the American public.

63. What was the largest factor in the end of the PopulistParty as a political force?

A) Southerners B) FarmersC) Westerners D) WorkersE) New Englanders

64. All of the following parties were likely to support thePopulists EXCEPT

A) The Populists were radical and sought to changethe system through violent means if necessary.

B) The Populists were supported by farmers but werehurt because they opposed regulations oncorporations hurting urban labor.

C) The Populists wanted to reform the systemfrom within rather than change it completely.

D) The Populists opposed the middle class, whichsupported tariffs that farmers opposed.

E) The Populists felt that coining silver wouldprevent the large trusts from retaining theirmonopolies.

65. Which of the following statements best describe themethods of the Populist Party?

A) the coinage of silverB) federal loans to farmersC) one tax on land to redistribute wealthD) immigration restrictionsE) an 8-hour working day

66. All of the following were positions supported by thePopulist Party EXCEPT

A) Northeast and WestB) Northeast and SouthC) South and WestD) MidWest and NortheastE) Northeast

67. Which of the following regions did the Populist partygain the most political support?

A) The Carnegie Steel Company had reduced thesalaries of iron and steel workers.

B) The national government was providing free landout West to railroads.

C) The Wilson-Gorman Tariff, which did little topromote overseas trade as a way of saving theeconomy

D) The Dingley Tariff, which raised to new highs ofcertain commodities

E) The Anti-Saloon League, an organization thatencouraged the prohibition of alcohol

68. The Homestead Strike in 1892 was a protest againstwhich of the following?

A) Grover ClevelandB) William Jennings BryanC) James WeaverD) Jacob CoxeyE) Marcus Hanna

69. In the presidential election of 1892, who was thePopulist candidate who garnered a surprising 8 percentof the total popular vote, majorities in four states, andtwenty-two electoral votes?

A) It advocated government ownership of land.B) It emphasized the urgency of cooperative buying

and selling.C) It recommended the elimination of businesses

dominating the political process—throughmassive campaign contributions to friendlyofficeholders and persistently effective lobbyingin the national Congress and the state legislatures.

D) It called for the federal government toconstruct warehouses where farmers couldstore nonperishable crops and loan farmersTreasury notes amounting to 80% of themarket price that the stored crops would bring.

E) It recommended the direct election of senators.

70. What was the purpose of the subtreasury plan proposedby the Populists in the 1890s?

A) they only gained support in the SouthB) they lacked adequate financing and were

poorly organizedC) smaller groups within the party often clashed over

certain issues, thereby weakening the solidarity ofthe Populists as a whole

D) their mistrust of foreigners angered many voters inthe Northeast

E) their political candidates were not well-known

71. Although they had gained a significant percentage ofvotes for a third party, the Populists were unable to gainthe prominence of the Democrats and Republicansmainly because

A) I only B) II onlyC) III only D) II and III onlyE) I, II, and III

72. At their first national convention in 1892, the Populistparty proposed which of the following to end ruralunrest?

I.  Government ownership of land and railroadsII.  Inflation of the currency system by printingmoney to be made available for farm loansIII.  The currency system had to be based on thefree and unlimited coinage of silver

A) Farmers’ Alliances advocated cooperative buyingand selling

B) Farmers’ Alliances did not include womenC) Farmers’ Alliances were not interested in claiming

political powerD) Farmer’s Alliances proposed a scheme to

relieve the persistent lack of available cash andcredit in the rural sections of the United States

E) the Farmers’ Alliances never attained thelarge-scale popularity that the Granger Movementhad at one point

73. One of the most important differences between theearlier Grange movement and the Farmers’ Allianceswas that

A) rally against crop liens, merchants, and illegalrailroad practices

B) gain government funding for new and moreefficient farming equipment

C) discourage local farmers from accepting offers towork for the big-business mono-crop farms

D) claim ownership of farm-implement factories  andinsurance companies

E) gain political clout to regulate transportation andstorage rates

74. Following the dissolution of the Granger Movement,farmers began to form alliances in the MidWest andWest in attempt to

A) Pullman StrikeB) Haymarket Square RiotC) Ludlow MassacreD) U.S. Steel StrikeE) Coal Miners Strike

75. Eugene Debs first gained popularity among workersand protesters during which event?

A) issue $500 million of “legal tender” paper moneyto aid debtors

B) make low-interest loans to local governmentsC) create jobs for the unemployed by starting public

works projectsD) improved living standards for the unemployed and

impoverished classesE) ease the requirements on citizenship so that

immigrants would be allowed to get a publiceducation

76. When Eugene Debs claimed leadership of the AmericanSocialist movement, he advocated that the governmentshould do all of the following EXCEPT

A) Daniel DeLeon B) Robert La FolletteC) Eugene Debs D) Samuel GompersE) John L. Lewis

77. Who became the most active leader of the AmericanSocialist movement?

A) I only B) II onlyC) I and II only D) I and III onlyE) II and III only

78. The early-socialist party of the 1880s and 1890s wasunable to gain support from the mass of unskilledlaborers because the party emphasized which of thefollowing?

I.  More individualistic goals like the right toacquire property and receive an educationII.  Worker benefits like higher wages, shorter workhours, and improved safetyIII.  A radical transformation of the Americaneconomy from a free-enterprise system tocommunism

A) Anytime there was any socialist-gathering activity,the government quickly ordered troops to suppressprotests.

B) American socialism suffered from a lack ofstrong leadership, causing the movement todivide into many smaller groups.

C) Following his failure to win public office, themovement’s founding father, Eugene Debs, brokeup the political party.

D) Members of the socialist party lacked the financialresources to fund the movement for a long periodof time.

E) Socialists quickly rejected their membershipfollowing the enactment of a new law which wasaimed at deported any accused socialists.

79. During the 1890s, the socialism movement never reallytook off in the United States as a result of which of thefollowing?

A) The depressions of the 1880s and 1890s exposedtensions in the industrial system betweenemployers and employees.

B) The economic panics of the last part of thenineteenth century were threatening to spark afull-fledged economic and political explosion.

C) Most of the protesters were anarchists orcommunists who had come to America tosabotage its democratic values.

D) The protesting workers consisted of men andwomen of various ethnicities.

E) By the 1890s, protester activity drasticallyincreased to over thirteen hundred strikes andcountless riots in 1894.

80. Which of the following statements is FALSE about thedepression-era protests at the end of the nineteenthcentury?

81. The election of 1896 was a watershed in Americanpolitics because it resulted in

A) I and II only B) III and IV onlyC) I, II, and III only D) II, III, and IV onlyE) I, II, III, and IV

I.  Geographic reversal of the Republican andDemocratic parties II.  The demise of the Populist PartyIII.  A victory for urban AmericaIV.  A presidency involved in international affairs

A) Thomas WatsonB) James WeaverC) John ShermanD) William McKinleyE) William Jennings Bryan

82. The famous "Cross of Gold" speech at the 1896Democratic convention was delivered by

A) The Republicans unanimously backed a platformsupporting gold coinage.

B) The initial candidate for the Republican party wasMarcus Hanna.

C) William Jennings Bryan was one of the largestsupporters of Republican party until he had adispute with the Ohio governor, WilliamMcKinley.

D) The Republicans received their greatestsupport from business groups and middle-classvoters.

E) In their election campaign, the Republicans neveraddressed the issue of stabilizing the ongoingCuban revolution from Spain.

83. Which of the following is correct about the Republicanparty during the election of 1896?

A) Courts legalized the use of force by businessowners in suppressing worker protests.

B) Courts approved lenient immigration restrictionswhich would increase the number of workersaccepting employment for low salaries.

C) Courts denied workers the right to collectivelybargain for high wages.

D) Courts worked with legislators to adopt apermanent wage rate.

E) Courts stiffened the laws on union formation.

84. How did state courts support the industrial practice ofrefusing to increase the wage of the typical worker?

Answer KeyIndustrializationAPReview

1. C2. B3. A4. A5. C6. B7. C8. C9. E10. C11. B12. D13. C14. C15. E16. A17. C18. A19. E20. B21. C22. A23. C24. E25. C26. B27. E28. C29. C30. A31. B32. E33. B34. B35. B36. C

37. C38. D39. D40. D41. D42. B43. E44. C45. E46. E47. E48. D49. B50. C51. C52. B53. D54. B55. A56. A57. D58. C59. A60. E61. D62. D63. D64. E65. C66. C67. C68. A69. C70. D71. B72. E

73. D74. A75. A76. E77. C78. A79. B80. C81. D82. E83. D84. C