Wei Lu, Ph.D.

Curriculum Vitae

Wei Lu, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology

University of Maryland School of Medicine

Date November 21, 2013 Contact Information Business Address: Department of Radiation Oncology 22 S. Greene Street, Room GGJ-02 Baltimore, MD 21201 Business Phone Number: (410) 706-6511 Fax: (410) 328-2618 Email: wlu@umm.edu Foreign Languages: Chinese (native) Education 1997 B.S., Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China 2003 Ph. D., Biological Engineering, University of Missouri – Columbia,

Columbia, Missouri, USA, Thesis Advisor - Dr. Jinglu Tan “Hough Transforms for Shape Identification and Applications in Medical Image Processing.”

Post Graduate Education and Training 2003 - 2005 Postdoctoral Research Associate, Radiation Oncology, School of

Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis. 2006 - 2009 CAMPEP Accredited Residency in Medical Physics, Radiation Oncology

School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis.

Certifications 2010 American Board of Radiology, Therapeutic Radiologic Physics Employment History Academic Appointments 2006 - 2009 Instructor, Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Washington

University in St. Louis, Missouri 2010 Assistant Professor, Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine,

Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri

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Wei Lu, Ph.D.

2010 - present Assistant Professor, Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine

Professional Society Memberships 2004 - present General Member, American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM)

2006 - present General Member, American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO)

2008 - present General Member, Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention Society (MICCAI)

2012 - present General Member, Society of Nuclear Medicine (SNM) Honors and Awards 1992 Outstanding performance in National Entrance Exam, Tsinghua University 1998 Alpha Epsilon, Honor Society of Biological Engineering 2001 Outstanding Service Award for Friendship Association of Chinese

Students and Scholars, University of Missouri – Columbia 2001 Outstanding Graduate Student in Biological Engineering, University of

Missouri – Columbia 2003 Flo-Dickey Funk research fellowship for vision and neurological research,

University of Missouri – Columbia 2003 Outstanding Graduate Student in Biological Engineering, University of

Missouri – Columbia 2003 Tau Beta Pi, the Engineering Honor Society 2003 First Honorable Mention in Poster Competition based on scientific merit at Missouri Life Science Week 2012 First Place Poster – Oncology: Clinical Diagnosis Track, Society of

Nuclear Medicine Annual Meeting 2012 2012 Science Council Research Symposium ORAL PRESENTATION and the

BEST IN PHYSICS POSTER DISCUSSION, 2012 American Association of Physicists in Medicine Annual Meeting

Clinical Activities Clinical Expertise Board certified medical physicist Clinical and research focus are in the area of image-guided radiation therapy

Clinical Activities at School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis

Clinical Physics 2006 – 2009 Provide routine clinical physics service at Barnes-Jewish Hospital 2006 – 2009 Clinical photon and electron beams, characterization and calibration

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2006 – 2009 External beam and IMRT treatment planning in Pinnacle, Eclipse, and Tomotherapy

2006 – 2009 Patient record review: new patients and weekly review 2006 – 2009 Simulation and image guidance in radiation therapy (IGRT) 2006 – 2009 Brachytherapy physics: high-dose-rate (HDR) treatment, planning,

commissioning, eye plaque, prostate seed implantation, and radiopharmaceutical therapy

2006 – 2009 Quality assurance (QA): annual, monthly, weekly QA for linear accelerators (Varian, Elekta and TomoTherapy); annual, monthly QA for CT simulator; annual, quarterly QA for HDR; annual, weekly QA for prostate seed implantation; monthly QA for Portal Vision, i-imager; IMRT ion chamber and Mapcheck QA

2006 – 2009 Special procedures: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT), Gamma Knife and linac-based Stereotactic Radiosurgery, TBI, in vivo dosimetry

Development of Clinical Programs 2006 Participated in acceptance testing and commissioning of Trilogy – advanced

linear accelerator 2007 Participated in commissioning of Pinnacle treatment planning system 2007 Participated in acceptance testing and commissioning of Gamma Knife

Perfection stereotactic radiosurgery system 2008 Performed acceptance testing and commissioning of Xsoft electronic

brachytherapy system 2008 Led commissioning of transrectal ultrasound guided intraoperative prostate

seed implantation system 2008 Participated in commissioning of VariSource and BrachyVision - high-dose-

rate brachytherapy system 2008 Participated in commissioning of total body irradiation (TBI) 2009 Led acceptance testing and commissioning of CT simulator 2009 Observed acceptance testing and commissioning of Tomotherapy

Training, Workshop and Summer School attended

2006 Pinnacle Physics Training: beam modeling, physics tools, dose calculations 2007 Proton Therapy in Practice, Massachusetts General Hospital 2008 Physics and Applications of PT/CT Imaging, AAPM 2008 Summer School 2008 Respiratory Motion Management for Radiation Therapy (MMRT),

Washington University in St. Louis

Clinical Activities at University of Maryland School of Medicine

Clinical Physics 2010 – present Provide clinical physics service at the University of Maryland Medical

Center, Central Maryland Radiation Oncology, and Baltimore Washington

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Wei Lu, Ph.D.

Medical Center. 2010 – present Clinical photon and electron beams, characterization and calibration 2010 – present External beam and IMRT treatment planning in Pinnacle and Eclipse 2010 – present Patient record review: new patients and weekly review 2010 – present Simulation and image guidance in radiation therapy (IGRT) 2010 – present Brachytherapy physics: HDR treatment and daily QA 2010 – present Quality assurance: annual, monthly, weekly QA for linear accelerators

(Varian); annual, monthly QA for CT simulator; annual, monthly QA for Acuity simulator

2010 – present Special procedures: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT), linac-based Stereotactic Radiosurgery, TBI, in vivo patient dosimetry

Development of Clinical Programs 2010 – present Co-developed two non-human primate irradiation programs (Total Body

Irradiation and Whole Lung Irradiation) 2010 – present Co-directed the Four Dimensional CT (4D-CT) program for incorporating

tumor respiratory motion into radiotherapy treatment planning 2010 – 2012 Led the Active Breathing Coordinator (ABC) Technical Team for left breast

irradiation 2011 Led commissioning of two optically stimulated luminescence dosimetry

(OSLD) systems for in vivo measurement of radiation dose delivered to a patient and an animal, respectively

2011 – present Co-developed clinical practice guidelines for lung cancer and pancreatic cancer

2012 Led multidisciplinary evaluation of image management software (MIM, Velocity, Varian) for Radiation Oncology

2012 – 2013 Co-commissioned a cabinet X-ray small animal irradiator for Division of Translational Radiation Science

Training, Workshop and Summer School attended

2013 RaySearch Physics Training, University of Maryland School of Medicine Administrative Service Institutional Service

2013 - Present Member of School of Medicine Council, School of Medicine 2013 - Present Member of Quality and Safety Review Committee, Department of

Radiation Oncology 2013 - Present Member of Physics Residency Committee, Department of Radiation

Oncology National Service 2002 – 2004 Ad Hoc Reviewer, Food Science and Technology (1-2 reviews/year)

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Wei Lu, Ph.D.

2003 – 2004 Ad Hoc Reviewer, Journal of Food Science(1-2 reviews/year) 2003 Ad Hoc Reviewer, American Journal of Enology and Viticulture (1-2

reviews/year) 2004 - Present Ad Hoc Reviewer, Medical Physics (3-4 reviews/year) 2004 Ad Hoc Reviewer, Meat Science (1-2 reviews/year) 2005 - Present Ad Hoc Reviewer, Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics (1-2

reviews/year) 2007 - Present Abstract Reviewer, American Association of Physicists in Medicine (15-20

reviews/year) 2008 - Present Ad Hoc Reviewer, Radiotherapy and Oncology (1-2 reviews/year) 2008 Ad Hoc Reviewer, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (1-2

reviews/year) 2008 - Present Ad Hoc Reviewer, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging (1-2

reviews/year) 2008 Abstract Reviewer, World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical

Engineering (15-20 reviews/year) 2009 - Present Associate Editor, Medical Physics (1-2 papers/year) 2009 - Present Ad Hoc Reviewer, Pattern Recognition (1-2 reviews/year) 2010 - Present Committee Member, American Association of Physicists in Medicine,

Task Group No. 211 - Classification, Advantages and Limitations of the Auto-Segmentation Approaches for PET

2012 - Present Ad Hoc Reviewer, International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics (1-2 reviews/year)

2013 - Present Ad Hoc Reviewer, Physics in Medicine and Biology (1-2 reviews/year) Teaching Service Undergraduate and High School Student Teaching 2003 - 2005 Research Co-Mentor, “Lung Trajectory Mapping for Radiation Oncology”

2, undergraduate research assistants: James. P. Hubenschmidt and Mitchell M. Nystrom, total 3 hours/week

2004 Research Co-Mentor, “Lung Trajectory Mapping for Radiation

Oncology” 1, summer undergraduate student: Maureen Handoko, 4 hours/week 2005 Research Co-Mentor, “ Characterizing and Modeling Patient Respiratory

Patterns for Radiation Therapy” 1, high school student: Joe Repp, 1 hour/week 2005 - 2006 Research Co-Mentor, “Lung Trajectory Mapping for Radiation Oncology”

1, undergraduate research assistants: David Fooshee, 1 hour/week 2006 - 2008 Research Mentor, “PET-Guided Tumor Volume Delineation for Radiation

Therapy”

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2, undergraduate research assistants: Charlene Lai and Marshall Strother, total 2 hours/week

2012 Research Mentor, “Quantitative PET/CT Analysis to Improve Evaluation

of Tumor Response” 1, undergraduate student: Yixin Chen, 2 hours/week

2013 - present Research Mentor, “Automatic window/level for on-board X-Ray image display to improve patient position and tumor localization”

1, high school student: Roy Wang, 1 hour/week

Graduate Student Teaching 2005 Research Co-Mentor, “Lung Trajectory Mapping for Radiation

Oncology” 1, graduate research assistant: Lei Zhang, B.S., 2 hours/week 2007 Research Co-Mentor, “Lung Trajectory Mapping for Radiation

Oncology” 1, graduate research assistant: Renel Werner, B.S., 1 hour/week 2007 - 2008 Research Mentor, “PET-Guided Tumor Volume Delineation for Radiation

Therapy” 1, research assistant: Rebecca Munro, M.A., 1 hour/week 2007 - 2009 Research Co-Mentor, “Lung Trajectory Mapping for Radiation

Oncology” 1, graduate research assistant: Tianyu Zhao, B.S., 1 hour/week 2008 - 2009 Research Mentor, “PET-Guided Tumor Volume Delineation for Radiation

Therapy” 1, research assistant: Jennifer Hoefert, B.A., 1 hour/week

Resident and Fellow Teaching 2006 - present Lecturer, Radiation Therapy Physics

10, physics and physician residents, 8 hours/year

2006 - present Advisor, Resident Presentation in Radiation Oncology 5, physics and physician residents, 4 hours/year 2006 - 2007 Research Co-Mentor, “Lung Trajectory Mapping for Radiation

Oncology” 1, physician fellow: Eric Donnelly, M.D., 1 hour/week

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Wei Lu, Ph.D.

2007 – 2009 Co-Mentor, Medical Physics Residency in Radiation Oncology 6, physics residents: Hui Zhao, Ph. D., Kevin L Moore, Ph. D., Geethpriya Palaniswaamy, Ph. D., Sridhar Yaddanapudi, M.S., H. Omar Wooten, Ph.D., Summer R (Chaudhari) Ahmad, Ph. D., total 3 hours/month

2007 - 2009 Research Mentor, “PET-Guided Tumor Volume Delineation for Radiation

Therapy” 1, physician resident: Daniel Ma, M.D., 1 hour/week 2008 Organizer and Lecturer, Image Processing in Radiation Oncology

10, physics residents and students, 15 hours/year 2009 Organizer and Lecturer, Introduction to Matlab and Image Processing

Toolbox 12, physics faculties, physics residents and students, 12 hours/year

2010 Physics advisor, Dosimetry Student Final Project 1, dosimetry student: Kristen Spaeth, B.S., 8 hours/year 2012 - present Co-Mentor, Medical Physics Residency in Radiation Oncology

1, physics residents: Xiaocheng Yang, Ph.D., 1 hour/week

2013 - present Co-Mentor, Medical Physics Residency in Radiation Oncology 1, physics residents: Huijun Xu, Ph.D., 2 hours/week

Post-Graduate Teaching 2006 - 2008 Research Mentor, “PET-Guided Tumor Volume Delineation for Radiation

Therapy” 1, post doctoral fellow: Hua Li, Ph.D., 2 hours/week 2008 - 2009 Research Mentor, “PET-Guided Tumor Volume Delineation for Radiation

Therapy” 1, post doctoral fellow: Fei Yang, Ph.D., 2 hours/week 2010 - present Research Mentor, “Quantitative PET/CT Analysis to Improve Evaluation

of Tumor Response” 1, post doctoral fellow (2010-2011, formal mentor; 2011-present informal mentor): Shan Tan, Ph. D., 2 hours/week 2011 - present Research Mentor, “4D-CT Simulation Using Dynamic Contrast

Enhancement” 1, post doctoral fellow: Ming Xue, Ph.D., 2 hours/week

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Radiation Oncology Clinic Physics Educational Lectures (1 hour) 12/01/10 Active Breathing Coordinator for Respiratory Motion Management 05/05/11 Implementation of OSLD for In Vivo Dosimetry 07/05/12 Evaluation of Image Management Software 07/12/12 Use of 4D-CT in Treatment Planning 09/07/12 4D-CT and motion management 07/11/13 Safety notices from vendors (QSRC) Education Event (Journal Club) Coordinating 2007 - 2008 Coordinator of monthly Medical Physics Journal Club, 1 hour/month 2010 - 2012 Coordinator of monthly Medical Physics Journal Club, 1 hour/month ABR Therapeutic Medical Physics Mock Oral Exams 2011 - present Volunteer Mock ABR Oral Examiner, Radiation Oncology 3, physics faculty as examinees, 1 hour/year 2013 Volunteer Mock ABR Oral Examiner, Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the AAPM

(MAC-AAPM) Therapy Physics Mock Exam 8, examinees, 10 hours on weekend/year

Grant Support Active Grants: 09/01/07 - 06/30/14 (Co-Investigator, 10 %) PI: W. D’Souza “Feedback Control of Respiration Induced Tumor Motion with a Treatment

Couch” NIH/NCI R01CA124766-05 Annual Direct Costs: $275,310

Total Direct Costs: $1,080,641 Role: quantify tumor motion and assist study on artifacts caused by motion

07/01/09 - 05/31/14 (Co-Investigator, 5%) PI: W. D’Souza “High-Throughput Computing for a Distributed Multi-Plan Radiotherapy

Computing Framework” NIH/NCI R01CA130814-03 Annual Direct Costs: $232,296

Total Direct Costs: $943,457 Role: assist in optimization of treatment plans and setting objectives

09/29/10 - 09/30/15 (Co-Investigator, 15%) PI: T. MacVittie “Medical Countermeasures Against Radiological Threats (MCART)” NIH/NIAID 272201000046C-0-0-1 Annual Direct Costs: $7,425,844

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Total Direct Costs: $48,141,474 Role: develop and support two non-human primate irradiation programs

02/01/11- 06/30/14 (Co-Investigator, 10%) PI: T. MacVittie “Advanced Development of AEOL 10150 as a Medical Countermeasure for

Pulmonary Injury Associated with ARS and DEARE” DHHS/BARDA HHS00100201100007C Annual Direct Costs: $2,423,431

Total Direct Costs: $4,425,389 Role: develop and support two non-human primate irradiation programs

07/01/13-06/30/17 (PI, 20%)

“Quantitative PET/CT Analysis to Improve Evaluation of Tumor Response”

NIH/NCI R01CA172638 Annual Direct Costs: $207,500

Total Direct Costs: $830,000

Pending Grants: 11/01/13 – 10/30/14 (PI, 5%). Awarded and under legal signing process. “4D-CT Simulation Using Dynamic Contrast Enhancement” Philips Medical Systems Annual Direct Costs: $27,119

Total Direct Costs: $27,119 Completed Grants: 2003 Fellowship recipient “Imaging System for Pupillary Light Reflex” Flo-Dickey Funk Research Fellowship Annual Direct Costs: $2,000 Total Direct Costs: $2,000 (Fellowship)

2006 - 2009 (Co-Investigator, 25%) PI: D. Low “Lung Trajectory Mapping” NIH 1 R01 CA096679 Annual Direct Costs: $156,000

Total Direct Costs: $780,000 Role: quantify and model respiratory tumor motion in 4DCT, mentor students

2006 - 2009 (PI, 25%) “Medical Image Analysis in Radiation Therapy” Department Startup Fund Washington University, St. Louis Annual Direct Costs: $93,333

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Wei Lu, Ph.D.

Total Direct Costs: $280,000 2007 - 2008 (PI) “PET-Guided Tumor Volume Delineation for Radiation Therapy” Washington University School of Medicine Department Seed Fund Annual Direct Costs: $8,000 Total Direct Costs: $8,000 2007 - 2011 (Co-Investigator, 8.3%) PI: P. Parikh “Incorporating Real-time Localization in Radiation Therapy Planning and

Delivery” NIH 1R01 CA134541-01 Annual Direct Costs: $210,820 Total Direct Costs: $763,000

Role: assist incorporating motion in 4DCT with real-time location in planning 2007 - 2011 (Co-Investigator, 15%) PI: D. Low “Positron Emission Tomography for Radiation Therapy” NIH 1R01CA116712-01A2 Annual Direct Costs: $203,250 Total Direct Costs: $813,000

Role: assist reconstructing PET images with less artifact using 4DCT 2008 - 2011 (PI, 22.5%) “PET-Guided Tumor Volume Delineation for Radiation Therapy” NIH 1R21 CA131979-01A1 Annual Direct Costs: $112,500 Total Direct Costs: $225,000 2009 - 2014 (Co-Investigator, 25%) PI: D. Low “Lung Trajectory Mapping for Radiation Oncology” 2 R01 CA096679 Annual Direct Costs: $250,000 Total Direct Costs: $1,250,000

Role: quantify and model respiratory tumor motion in 4DCT, mentor students

Institutional Review Board Approved Research Protocol Active 2008 – present H-30492 (GCC 0832): Investigating the Improvement 4D CT Images

Using Audiovisual Biofeedback: An Intra-Fraction and an Inter-Fraction Evaluaton (PI: George, D'Souza). University of Maryland School of Medicine.

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Wei Lu, Ph.D.

2011 – present HP-00051338 (GCC1174): Quantitative PET/CT Analysis to Improve

Evaluation of Tumor Response to Chemo-Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Lung and Esophageal Cancers (PI: Lu). University of Maryland School of Medicine.

2012 – present HP-00052534 (GCC 1210): Individually Optimized Contrast-

Enhancement 4D-CT for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma in Radiotherapy Simulation (PI: Lu). University of Maryland School of Medicine.

2012 – present RTOG 0436: A Phase III Trial Evaluation the Addition of Cetuximab to

Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, and Radiation for Patients with Esophageal Cancer Who Are Treated Without Surgery (PI: Suntharalingam). University of Maryland School of Medicine.

2012 – present HP-00054641. Deformable Image Registration as a Method to Assess Motion

for Pancreatic Cancer using 4D Computed Tomography (CT) Scans (PI: Yi). University of Maryland School of Medicine.

Closed 2009 – 2010 IRB 09-0967: PET-Guided Tumor Volume Delineation for Radiation Therapy

(PI: Lu). Washington University in St. Louis. 2010 – 2012 1024GCC: PET-guided tumor volume delineation for radiation therapy (PI:

Lu). University of Maryland School of Medicine. Patent and Disclosures 1. US Provisional Patent Application Number: 61/828,383, M. Xue, W. Lu, H. Zhang, S.

Kligerman, and W. D’Souza, “Methods and Systems for Individually Optimizing Uniform Contrast Enhancements in Computed Tomography Imaging”, 2013

Publications Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles

1. S. Kupongsak, J. Tan, I. Hatem, W. Lu, B. Guthrie, and M. Tanoff, "Set point determination from sensory evaluations for food process control," Journal of Food Process Engineering. 27, 87-102 (2004).

2. W. Lu and J. Tan, "Analysis of image-based measurements and USDA characteristics as predictors of beef lean yield," Meat Science. 66, 483-491 (2004).

3. W. Lu and J. Tan, "Grain pattern characterization and classification of walnut by image processing," Wood and Fiber Science. 36, 311-318 (2004).

4. D. A. Low, P. J. Parikh, W. Lu, J. F. Dempsey, S. H. Wahab, J. P. Hubenschmidt, M. M.

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Nystrom, M. Handoko, and J. D. Bradley, "Novel breathing motion model for radiotherapy," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 63, 921-929 (2005).

5. W. Lu, D. A. Low, P. J. Parikh, M. M. Nystrom, I. M. El Naqa, S. H. Wahab, M. Handoko, D. Fooshee, and J. D. Bradley, "Comparison of spirometry and abdominal height as four-dimensional computed tomography metrics in lung," Med Phys. 32, 2351-2357 (2005).

6. W. Lu, P. J. Parikh, I. M. El Naqa, M. M. Nystrom, J. P. Hubenschmidt, S. H. Wahab, S. Mutic, A. K. Singh, G. E. Christensen, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "Quantitation of the reconstruction quality of a four-dimensional computed tomography process for lung cancer patients," Med Phys. 32, 890-901 (2005).

7. W. Lu, P. J. Parikh, J. P. Hubenschmidt, D. G. Politte, B. R. Whiting, J. D. Bradley, S. Mutic, and D. A. Low, "Reduction of motion blurring artifacts using respiratory gated CT in sinogram space: a quantitative evaluation," Med Phys. 32, 3295-3304 (2005).

8. W. Lu, J. Tan, and R. Floyd, "Automated fetal head detection and measurement in ultrasound images by iterative randomized Hough transform," Ultrasound Med Biol. 31, 929-936 (2005).

9. J. D. Bradley, A. N. Nofal, I. M. El Naqa, W. Lu, J. Liu, J. Hubenschmidt, D. A. Low, R. E. Drzymala, and D. Khullar, "Comparison of helical, maximum intensity projection (MIP), and averaged intensity (AI) 4D CT imaging for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) planning in lung cancer," Radiother Oncol. 81, 264-268 (2006).

10. H. Handels, R. Werner, T. Frenzel, D. Saring, W. Lu, D. Low, and J. Ehrhardt, "Generation of 4D CT image data and analysis of lung tumour mobility during the breathing cycle," Stud Health Technol Inform. 124, 977-982 (2006).

11. W. Lu, M. M. Nystrom, P. J. Parikh, D. R. Fooshee, J. P. Hubenschmidt, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "A semi-automatic method for peak and valley detection in free-breathing respiratory waveforms," Med Phys. 33, 3634-3636 (2006).

12. W. Lu, P. J. Parikh, J. P. Hubenschmidt, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "A comparison between amplitude sorting and phase-angle sorting using external respiratory measurement for 4D CT," Med Phys. 33, 2964-2974 (2006).

13. G. E. Christensen, J. H. Song, W. Lu, I. El Naqa, and D. A. Low, "Tracking lung tissue motion and expansion/compression with inverse consistent image registration and spirometry," Med Phys. 34, 2155-2163 (2007).

14. E. D. Donnelly, P. J. Parikh, W. Lu, T. Zhao, K. Lechleiter, M. Nystrom, J. P. Hubenschmidt, D. A. Low, and J. D. Bradley, "Assessment of intrafraction mediastinal and hilar lymph node movement and comparison to lung tumor motion using four-dimensional CT," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 69, 580-588 (2007).

15. J. Ehrhardt, R. Werner, D. Saring, T. Frenzel, W. Lu, D. Low, and H. Handels, "An optical flow based method for improved reconstruction of 4D CT data sets acquired during free breathing," Med Phys. 34, 711-721 (2007).

16. H. Handels, R. Werner, R. Schmidt, T. Frenzel, W. Lu, D. Low, and J. Ehrhardt, "4D medical image computing and visualization of lung tumor mobility in spatio-temporal CT image data," Int J Med Inform. (2007).

17. R. Werner, H. Handels, J. Ehrhardt, D. Saring, T. Frenzel, W. Lu, and D. Low, "Motion artifact reducing reconstruction of 4D CT image data for the analysis of respiratory dynamics," Methods Inf Med. 46, 254-260 (2007).

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18. H. Li, W. L. Thorstad, K. J. Biehl, R. Laforest, Y. Su, K. I. Shoghi, E. D. Donnelly, D. A. Low, and W. Lu, "A novel PET tumor delineation method based on adaptive region-growing and dual-front active contours," Med Phys. 35, 3711-3721 (2008). PMCID: PMC3304493.

19. W. Lu and J. Tan, "Detection of incomplete ellipse in images with strong noise by iterative randomized Hough transform (IRHT)," Pattern Recognition. 41, 1268-1279 (2008).

20. W. Lu, J. Tan, K. Zhang, and B. Lei, "Computerized mouse pupil size measurement for pupillary light reflex analysis," Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 90, 202-209 (2008).

21. J. R. Olsen, W. Lu, J. P. Hubenschmidt, M. M. Nystrom, P. Klahr, J. D. Bradley, D. A. Low, and P. J. Parikh, "Effect of novel amplitude/phase binning algorithm on commercial four-dimensional computed tomography quality," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 70, 243-252 (2008).

22. D. Yang, W. Lu, D. A. Low, J. O. Deasy, A. J. Hope, and I. El Naqa, "4D-CT motion estimation using deformable image registration and 5D respiratory motion modeling," Med Phys. 35, 4577-4590 (2008).

23. S. R. Chaudhari, S. M. Goddu, D. Rangaraj, O. L. Pechenaya, W. Lu, E. Kintzel, K. Malinowski, P. J. Parikh, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "Dosimetric variances anticipated from breathing- induced tumor motion during tomotherapy treatment delivery," Phys Med Biol. 54, 2541-2555 (2009).

24. G. Li, N. C. Arora, H. Xie, H. Ning, W. Lu, D. Low, D. Citrin, A. Kaushal, L. Zach, K. Camphausen, and R. W. Miller, "Quantitative prediction of respiratory tidal volume based on the external torso volume change: a potential volumetric surrogate," Physics in Medicine and Biology. 54, 1963-1978 (2009).

25. G. Li, H. Xie, H. Ning, W. Lu, D. Low, D. Citrin, A. Kaushal, L. Zach, K. Camphausen, and R. W. Miller, "A novel analytical approach to the prediction of respiratory diaphragm motion based on external torso volume change," Phys Med Biol. 54, 4113-4130 (2009).

26. T. Zhao, W. Lu, D. Yang, S. Mutic, C. E. Noel, P. J. Parikh, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "Characterization of free breathing patterns with 5D lung motion model," Med Phys. 36, 5183-5189 (2009). PMCID: PMC2774350.

27. D. A. Low, T. Zhao, B. White, D. Yang, S. Mutic, C. E. Noel, J. D. Bradley, P. J. Parikh, and W. Lu, "Application of the continuity equation to a breathing motion model," Med Phys. 37, 1360-1364 (2010). PMCID: PMC2847940.

28. R. Werner, B. White, H. Handels, W. Lu, and D. A. Low, "Technical note: development of a tidal volume surrogate that replaces spirometry for physiological breathing monitoring in 4D CT," Med Phys. 37, 615-619 (2010). PMCID: PMC2816987.

29. D. Yang, S. M. Goddu, W. Lu, O. L. Pechenaya, Y. Wu, J. O. Deasy, I. El Naqa, and D. A. Low, "Technical note: deformable image registration on partially matched images for radiotherapy applications," Med Phys. 37, 141-145 (2010).

30. B. M. White, D. A. Low, T. Zhao, S. Wuenschel, W. Lu, J. M. Lamb, S. Mutic, J. D. Bradley, and I. El Naqa, "Investigation of a breathing surrogate prediction algorithm for prospective pulmonary gating," Med Phys. 38, 1587-1595 (2011). PMCID: PMC3060936.

31. T. Zhao, B. White, K. L. Moore, J. Lamb, D. Yang, W. Lu, S. Mutic, and D. A. Low, "Biomechanical interpretation of a free-breathing lung motion model," Phys Med Biol. 56, 7523-7540 (2011).

32. T. J. Macvittie, A. Bennett, C. Booth, M. Garofalo, G. Tudor, A. Ward, T. Shea-Donohue, D.

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Gelfond, E. McFarland, W. Jackson, W. Lu, and A. M. Farese, "The Prolonged Gastrointestinal Syndrome in Rhesus Macaques: The Relationship Between Gastrointestinal, Hematopoietic, and Delayed Multi-organ Sequelae Following Acute, Potentially Lethal, Partial-body Irradiation," Health Phys. 103, 427-453 (2012).

33. S. Richardson, J. Garcia-Ramirez, W. Lu, R. J. Myerson, and P. Parikh, "Design and dosimetric characteristics of a new endocavitary contact radiotherapy system using an electronic brachytherapy source," Med Phys. 39, 6838-6846 (2012).

34. S. Tan, S. Kligerman, W. Chen, M. Lu, G. Kim, S. Feigenberg, W. D. D'Souza, M. Suntharalingam, and W. Lu, "Spatial-Temporal [(18)F]FDG-PET Features for Predicting Pathologic Response of Esophageal Cancer to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 85, 1375-1382 (2013). PMCID: PMC3606641.

35. S. Tan, H. Zhang, Y. Zhang, W. Chen, W. D. D'Souza, and W. Lu, "Predicting pathologic tumor response to chemoradiotherapy with histogram distances characterizing longitudinal changes in [sup 18]F-FDG uptake patterns," Med Phys. 40, 101707 (2013). PMCID: 3785537.

36. H. Zhang, S. Tan, W. Chen, S. Kligerman, G. Kim, W. DSouza, M. Suntharalingam, and W. Lu. “Modeling pathologic response of locally advanced esophageal cancer to chemo-radiotherapy using spatial-temporal FDG-PET features, clinical parameters and demographics”. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.09.037 (2013).

37. W. Lu, G.A. Neuner, R. George, Z. Wang, S. Sassor, X. Huang, W.F. Regine, S.J. Feigenberg, W.D. D'Souza, “Audio-Visual Biofeedback Does Not Enhance the Reliability of Target Delineation using Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) in 4D-CT Radiotherapy Planning”. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. (In Press).

38. M. Xue, H. Zhang, S. Kligerman, W.D. D’Souza, P. Klahr, and W. Lu. Individually Optimized Contrast Injection in CT Angiography for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease. Med. Phys. (In Press).

39. A. Reese, W. Lu, and W.F. Regine. “Utilization of IMRT and IGRT in pancreatic cancer: Is It necessary?”. Sem. Radiat Oncol. (In Press).

40. A. M. Kazi, T. J. Macvittie, G. Lasio, W. Lu, and K. L. Prado. The MCART RPC: The Quest for Radiation Dosimetry Standardization. Health Physics (In Press).

Book Chapters

1. D. A. Low, W. Lu, J. A. Purdy, C. A. Perez, S. H. Levitt, “Chapter 10. Intensity Modulated

Radiation Therapy” in Technological Basis of Radiation Therapy, [edited by] S.H. Levitt, J.A. Purdy, C.A. Perez. 4th ed. Springer. New York, NY, (2006).

2. W. Lu, L. Santanam, C. Noel, P. J. Parikh, and D. A. Low, “Four-Dimensional Treatment,” in Quality and safety in radiotherapy, edited by T. Pawlicki, P. B. Dunscombe, A. J. Mundt et al. CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL, (2011).

Editorial

1. W. Lu, “New PET/CT Features for the Evaluation of Tumor Response,” J Nucl Med Radiat Ther 4:e110. doi: 10.4172/2155-9619.1000e110 (2013)

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Conference Presentations (Published Abstracts) 1. I. ElNaqa, D. Low, W. Lu, M. Nystrom, P. Parikh, J. Deasy, A. Amini, J. Hubenschmidt, S.

Wahab, and J. Bradley, "SU-DD-PDS-11: A Multi-Frame Optical Flow Approach for Automated Breathing Motion Tracking in 4D Computed Tomography," Med Phys. 31, 1717-1717 (2004).

2. D. Low, R. Laforest, P. Parikh, W. Lu, I. ElNaqa, J. Hubenschmidt, S. Mutic, S. Wahab, T. Miller, and J. Bradley, "TU-D-BRB-01: 4D PET: Quantitative Validation," Med Phys. 31, 1790-1790 (2004).

3. W. Lu, P. Parikh, I. ElNaqa, M. Nystrom, J. Hubenschmidt, S. Wahab, S. Mutic, A. Singh, G. Christensen, J. D. Bradley, and D. Low, "Quantitation of the four-dimensional computed tomography process," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 60, S286-S286 (2004).

4. W. Lu, P. Parikh, I. ElNaqa, M. Nystrom, J. Hubenschmidt, S. Wahab, A. Singh, G. Christensen, S. Mutic, J. Bradley, and D. Low, "TU-C-BRB-09: Quantitation of the Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography Process," Med Phys. 31, 1780-1780 (2004).

5. M. Nystrom, W. Lu, P. Parikh, I. ElNaqa, and D. Low, "TU-C-BRB-04: A Comparison of Spirometry and Abdominal Height as 4DCT Metrics," Med Phys. 31, 1779-1779 (2004).

6. P. Parikh, S. Wahab, W. Lu, R. Nantz, J. Hubenschmidt, M. Nystrom, I. ElNaqa, B. Pierburg, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "Conformal treatment planning using 4DCT can decrease ipsilateral lung dose and improve tumor coverage: A prospective 4DCT treatment planning study," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 60, S286-S287 (2004).

7. D. Politte, W. Lu, B. Whiting, P. Parikh, J. Bradley, and D. Low, "TU-C-BRB-06: Improving Lung Scan Temporal Resolution Using Tidal-Volume Sorted Sinograms From 4DCT," Med Phys. 31, 1779-1779 (2004).

8. S. Wahab, P. Parikh, W. Lu, M. Nystrom, I. ElNaqa, J. Hubenschmidt, J. Bradley, and D. Low, "SU-DD-PDS-12: Tumor Motion Mapping Using Four Dimensional Computed Tomography," Med Phys. 31, 1717-1717 (2004).

9. J. Liu, R. Drzymala, J. Bradley, W. Lu, S. Goddu, P. Parikh, and D. Low, "SU-FF-J-77: Implementation of Averaged 4D CT Imaging for Extracranial Stereotactic Radiation Therapy," Med Phys. 32, 1937-1937 (2005).

10. D. Low, P. Parikh, R. Laforest, J. Dempsey, W. Lu, S. Mutic, J. Hubenschmidt, M. Nystrom, T. Miller, P. Grigsby, and J. Bradley, "TU-D-J-6C-07: A Method for Acquiring PET Images Without Breathing Motion Artifacts," Med Phys. 32, 2095-2096 (2005).

11. D. Low, P. Parikh, W. Lu, J. Dempsey, S. Wahab, J. Hubenschmidt, M. Nystrom, M. Handoko, and J. Bradley, "SU-FF-J-10: A 5-Dimensional Breathing Motion Model for Radiation Therapy," Med Phys. 32, 1921-1921 (2005).

12. D. A. Low, W. Lu, P. J. Parikh, J. F. Dempsey, S. Mutic, and J. D. Bradley, "A 5-Dimensional Model of Human Breathing Motion," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 63, S559-S560 (2005).

13. W. Lu, P. Parikh, J. Bradley, and D. Low, "TU-D-J-6C-01: A Comparison Between Amplitude Sorting and Phase Sorting Using External Respiratory Measurements for 4D CT," Med Phys. 32, 2094-2094 (2005).

14. W. Lu, P. Parikh, J. Hubenschmidt, D. Politte, B. Whiting, J. Bradley, and D. Low, "MO-D-I-611-06: Reduction of Motion Blurring Artifact Using Respiratory Gated CT: A Quantitative Evaluation," Med Phys. 32, 2056-2056 (2005).

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Wei Lu, Ph.D.

15. D. Ma, P. Parikh, W. Lu, M. Nystrom, J. Hubenschmidt, S. Wahab, A. Singh, A. Botero, R. Myerson, and D. Low, "SU-FF-J-121: Patterns of Intraabdominal Organ Motion as Measured by Quantitative 4D CT," Med Phys. 32, 1948-1948 (2005).

16. D. Ma, P. Parikh, W. Lu, M. Nystrom, J. P. Hubenschmidt, S. H. Wahab, A. Botero, R. Myerson, and D. A. Low, "4D CT for Hepatobiliary Malignancies: Organs at Risk and Implications for Gating," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 63, S561-S562 (2005).

17. M. Nystrom, W. Lu, P. Parikh, and D. Low, "SU-FF-J-32: Use of Internal Body-Area as a Metric for Retrospective 4D CT Gating," Med Phys. 32, 1926-1927 (2005).

18. K. M. Lechleiter, D. A. Low, A. Chaudhari, W. Lu, J. P. Hubenschmidt, M. L. Mayse, S. Dimmer, J. D. Bradley, and P. J. Parikh, "97: Characterization of External Breathing Surrogates Using Implanted Electromagnetic Transponders in Canine Lungs," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 66, S55-S55 (2006).

19. D. Low, W. Lu, P. Parikh, J. Hubenschmidt, J. Dempsey, P. Grigsby, S. Mutic, and J. Bradley, "WE-D-ValB-05: Sinogram-Based Respiratory Gating for 5D PET," Med Phys. 33, 2243-2244 (2006).

20. D. Low, W. Lu, P. Parikh, J. Hubenschmidt, S. Mutic, and J. Bradley, "MO-D-ValA-01: Modeling & Characterization of Respiratory Motion," Med Phys. 33, 2163 (2006).

21. W. Lu, M. Nystrom, P. Parikh, D. Fooshee, J. Hubenschmidt, J. Bradley, and D. Low, "SU-FF-J-04: A Computerized Method for Peak and Valley Detection in Respiratory Waveforms Without Flow Measurement," Med Phys. 33, 2021 (2006).

22. W. Lu, J. Song, G. Christensen, P. Parikh, T. Zhao, J. Hubenschmidt, J. Bradley, and D. Low, "SU-FF-J-57: Evaluating Lung Motion Variations in Repeated 4D CT Studies Using Inverse Consistent Image Registration," Med Phys. 33, 2033 (2006).

23. W. Lu, J. H. Song, G. E. Christensen, P. J. Parikh, T. Zhao, J. P. Hubenschmidt, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "2714: Evaluating Lung Motion Variations in Repeated 4D CT Studies Using Inverse Consistent Image Registration," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 66, S606-S607 (2006).

24. J. Olsen, P. Parikh, W. Lu, J. Hubenschmidt, N. M, P. Klahr, J. Bradley, and D. Low, "99. The Effect of a Novel Amplitude/Phase Binning Algorithem on Commercial 4DCT Quality," International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 66, S56-S57 (2006).

25. J. Repp, W. Lu, J. Hubenschmidt, P. Parikh, S. Mutic, J. Bradley, and D. Low, "WE-C-ValA-06: Characterizing and Modeling Patient Respiratory Patterns for Radiation Therapy," Med Phys. 33, 2233 (2006).

26. L. Zhang, E. Bai, W. Lu, P. Parikh, J. Hubenschmidt, J. Bradley, and D. Low, "SU-FF-J-108: Predicting Respiratory Waveform of 4D CT Patients Using Moving Least Square Method," Med Phys. 33, 2045 (2006).

27. S. Chaudhari, D. Rangaraj, S. Goddu, K. Malinowski, W. Lu, P. Parikh, and D. Low, "TU-D-M100F-09: Breathing Motion-Induced Dose Delivery Error Evaluations as Applied to Tomotherapy Dose Delivery," Med Phys. 34, 2561 (2007).

28. A. J. Hope, M. Georg, D. Yang, I. El Naqa, P. E. Lindsay, W. Lu, R. Pless, J. D. Bradley, D. A. Low, and J. O. Deasy, "Incorporating Population-Based Breathing Motion Improves Radiation Pneumonitis Modeling Correlation," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 69, S506-S507 (2007).

29. H. Li, W. Thorstad, K. Biehl, R. Laforest, E. Donnelly, D. Low, and W. Lu, "TH-D-M100F-03: A PET Head and Neck Tumor Delineation Approach Based On Adaptive Region-Growing and Dual-Front Active Contours," Med Phys. 34, 2636 (2007).

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Wei Lu, Ph.D.

30. H. Li, W. Thorstad, K. Biehl, R. Laforest, Y. Su, K. Shoghi, E. Donnelly, D. Low, and W. Lu, "SU-FF-I-57: A PET Head and Neck Tumor Delineation Approach Based On Mumford-Shah Active Contours," Med Phys. 34, 2351 (2007).

31. D. Low, P. Parikh, B. Whiting, S. Mutic, J. Hubenschmidt, K. Malinowski, W. Lu, and J. Bradley, "SU-FF-I-38: Reduction of In-Plane Breathing Motion Artifacts Using Optimized-Angle Sinogram Reconstruction," Med Phys. 34, 2346 (2007).

32. B. Lynch, J. Cui, D. Yang, W. Lu, J. Hubenschmidt, P. Parikh, D. Low, J. Bradley, J. Dempsey, and J. Deasy, "Four-Dimensional Dose Calculations to Determine the Effect of Breathing Motion on Outcomes-Related Parameters for Lung Cancer Patients," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 69, S132-S133 (2007).

33. D. Yang, W. Lu, D. Low, and I. E. Naqa, "TU-FF-A3-02: A Novel 4D-CT Reconstruction Method and Estimation of Respiratory Motion," Med Phys. 34, 2572-2573 (2007).

34. H. Li, W. Thorstad, J. Zhu, B. Wu, D. Yang, D. Low, and W. Lu, "SU-GG-I-99: Validation and Comparison of 3D Image Registration Approaches for Adaptive IMRT in Head-And-Neck Cancer," Med Phys. 35, 2664 (2008).

35. W. Lu, H. Li, J. Lewis, W. Thorstad, D. Low, R. Laforest, B. Nussenbaum, J. Zhu, P. Parikh, B. Wu, and K. Biehl, "SU-GG-J-03: 3D Pathology Validation for Head-And-Neck Tumor Segmentation in PET/CT/MRI Images," Med Phys. 35, 2679 (2008).

36. W. Lu, J. M. Michalski, J. L. Garcia-Ramirez, and C. Hallemeier, "TRUS Guided Intraoperative Prostate Seed Implantation Based on Preplanning," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 72, S571-S571 (2008).

37. D. Yang, W. Lu, D. Low, J. Deasy, and I. E. Naqa, "WE-C-351-04: 4DCT Motion Estimation and Modeling," Med Phys. 35, 2938 (2008).

38. J. M. Zhu, H. Li, W. Lu, S. Mutic, D. A. Low, and P. W. Grigsby, "SU-GG-J-134: MRI-Guided Adaptive Brachytherapy of Cervical Cancer: Initial Experience with High Resolution Diffusion Imaging," Med Phys. 35, 2710 (2008).

39. K. Brock, L. Dong, D. Low, and W. Lu, "WE-C-BRD-01: Automated Segmentation for Radiotherapy Volume Definition," Med Phys. 36, 2757 (2009).

40. H. Li, R. Laforest, W. Thorstad, J. Zhu, D. Low, and W. Lu, "SU-FF-J-51: The Impact of Source-To-Background Ratio, Tumor Size, Scan Duration, and Smoothing Filter On a Two-Stage PET Tumor Segmentation Method," Med Phys. 36, 2487 (2009).

41. D. Low, T. Zhao, D. Yang, W. Lu, S. Mutic, C. Noel, J. Hubenschmidt, P. Parikh, and J. Bradley, "Free Breathing Motion Model: First Report of Patient Model Parameters," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 75, S23-S23 (2009).

42. W. Lu, H. Li, F. Yang, D. Yang, R. Laforest, W. Thorstad, and D. Low, "TH-D-213A-02: An Improved Iterative Thresholding Approach for 3D PET Tumor Delineation: Phantom Study," Med Phys. 36, 2820-2821 (2009).

43. B. White, R. Werner, W. Lu, and D. Low, "SU-FF-J-104: Feasibility of Utilizing Pneumatic Abdominal Bellows for Quantitative 4DCT," Med Phys. 36, 2500 (2009).

44. D. Yang, I. E. Naqa, W. Lu, S. Goddu, O. Pechenaya, J. Deasy, and D. Low, "SU-FF-I-101: Inverse Consistency Deformable Image Registration On Partially Matched Images," Med Phys. 36, 2458 (2009).

45. F. Yang, H. Li, D. Yang, R. Laforest, W. Thorstad, D. Low, and W. Lu, "TH-D-213A-04: Application of Supervised Spectral Clustering for PET Tumor Delineation: A Phantom Study," Med Phys. 36, 2821 (2009).

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Wei Lu, Ph.D.

46. T. Zhao, W. Lu, J. Bradley, P. Parikh, J. Hubenschmidt, and D. Low, "SU-FF-J-118: A Physics-Based Model That Characterizes the Positions of Lung and Lung Tumor Tissues as Functions of Tidal Volume and Airflow," Med Phys. 36, 2503 (2009).

47. T. Zhao, W. Lu, J. Bradley, P. Parikh, J. Hubenschmidt, and D. Low, "TU-C-303A-06: Quiet Respiration Breathing Motion Model Parameters for Free-Breathing Patients," Med Phys. 36, 2725 (2009).

48. J. Zhu, D. Ma, W. Lu, S. Mutic, D. Low, and P. Grigsby, "MRI-guided Radiotherapy of Cervical Carcinoma: Applications with Diffusion MRI and MR Spectroscopy," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 75, S371-S371 (2009).

49. W. Lu, G. Neuner, Z. Wang, R. George, J. Wu, S. Sassor, W. Regine, S. Feigenberg, and W. D'Souza, "Evaluating Inter-fraction Variations in Tumor Volumes with Repeated 4D-CT," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 78, S748-S749 (2010).

50. W. Lu, D. Yang, and J. Wang, "TU-D-204B-06: Noise Reduction with Detail Preservation for Low-Dose Kilovoltage CBCT Using Nonlocal Means Algorithm," Med Phys. 37, 3394 (2010).

51. G. A. Neuner, W. Lu, Z. Wang, S. Sassor, R. George, S. J. Feigenberg, W. F. Regine, and W. D. D'Souza, "Biofeedback during 4D-CT Image Acquisition Does Not Enhance the Reliability of ITVMIP for Radiation Treatment Planning of Thoracic and Abdominal Malignancies: A Prospective Trial," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 78, S671-S671 (2010).

52. S. Richardson, J. G. Ramirez, W. Lu, R. Myerson, and P. Parikh, "MO-EE-A1-03: A New Technique for Rectal Endocavitary Radiotherapy: Treatment with an Electronic Brachytherapy Source," Med Phys. 37, 3347 (2010).

53. Z. Wang, R. George, W. Lu, J. Hou, and W. D'Souza, "SU-GG-J-94: Can We Predict the Severity of Artifacts on 4DCT from the Respiratory Irregularity during 4DCT Image Acquisition?," Med Phys. 37, 3166-3167 (2010).

54. J. Wen, D. Ma, J. Hoefert, F. Yang, W. Lu, and P. Parikh, "SU-GG-J-141: Development of a Novel Multipurpose Specimen Slicing-Imaging Platform," Med Phys. 37, 3178 (2010).

55. J. Wen, D. J. Ma, J. Hoefert, W. Lu, and P. J. Parikh, "PET Edge Detection Generates Superior Target Volumes Compared with Iso-thresholding in Mice Implanted with EMT6 Tumors," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 78, S68-S68 (2010).

56. F. Yang, M. Aristophanous, D. Yang, D. Low, and W. Lu, "SU-GG-J-137: Application of Unsupervised Spectral Clustering in 3D for PET Tumor Segmentation: A Digital Phantom Study," Med Phys. 37, 3177 (2010).

57. T. Zhao, B. White, S. Mutic, W. Lu, J. Bradley, P. Parikh, and D. Low, "SU-GG-J-86: Impact of Hysteresis on Breathing Motion and Its Distribution," Med Phys. 37, 3165 (2010).

58. W. Lu, W. Yao, J. Wang, and D. Yang, "SU-E-J-16: Noise Reduction with Detail Preservation for Low-Dose KV CBCT Using Non-Local Means: Simulated Patient Study," Med Phys. 38, 3445 (2011).

59. S. Tan, W. Chen, M. Lu, G. Kim, S. Feigenberg, W. D'Souza, M. Suntharalingam, and W. Lu, "SU-D-BRC-03: Spatial-Temporal PET-CT Features for Predicting Pathological Response of Esophagus Cancer to Chemo-Radiation Therapies," Med. Phys. 38, 3384 (2011).

60. S. Tan, G. Kim, S. Feigenberg, W. Chen, M. Lu, W. D'Souza, M. Suntharalingam, and W. Lu, "Spatial-Temporal 18F FDG-PET/CT Features Have Higher Discriminant Power than SUVmax and SUVpeak in Prediction of Pathological Response of Esophagus Tumor to Chemo-Radiation Therapies," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 81, S312-S313 (2011).

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61. J. Wang, L. Ouyang, W. Lu, and T. Solberg, "SU-E-I-33: Low-Dose CBCT by Iterative Image Reconstruction Using Non-Local Edge-Preserving Prior," Med. Phys. 38, 3403 (2011).

62. W. Yao, W. Lu, and M. Corsten, "MO-D-BRC-10: A Low Dose CBCT Stochastic Model and Applications," Med. Phys. 38, 3714 (2011).

63. M. Guerrero, S. Tan, and W. Lu, "Radiobiological Modeling Based on FDG-PET Data for Esophageal Cancer," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 84, S80 (2012).

64. W. Lu, S. Tan, G. Kim, S. Feigenberg, H. Zhang, S. Kligerman, W. Chen, W. D'Souza, and M. Suntharalingam, "Pre-Chemoradiation Therapy FDG PET/CT Cannot Identify Residual Metabolically Active Areas in Patients With Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 84, S312 (2012).

65. W. Lu, S. Tan, S. Kligerman, W. Chen, S. Feigenberg, H. Zhang, M. Suntharalingam, and W. D'Souza, "WE-A-217A-06: Can Pre-Chemoradiotherapy FDG PET/CT Identify Residual Metabolically Active Areas Within Individual Esophageal Tumors?," Med Phys. 39, 3937 (2012).

66. A. S. Reese, X. Yang, W. Lu, N. K. Sharma, S. J. Feigenberg, W. F. Regine, and B. Yi, "Deformable Image Registration as a Method to Assess Motion for Pancreatic Cancer Using 4D Computed Tomography (CT) Scans," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 84, S771 (2012).

67. S. Tan, W. Chen, W. D'Souza, and W. Lu, "SU-E-J-111: Compute the Optimal Threshold for PET Functional Volume Delineation," Med Phys. 39, 3678 (2012).

68. S. Tan, H. Zhang, S. Kligerman, W. Chen, G. Kim, S. Feigenberg, W. D'Souza, M. Suntharalingam, and W. Lu, "SU-D-BRB-04: FDG-PET Histogram Distances: Novel Predictors of Tumor Response to Chemoradiotherapy," Med Phys. 39, 3615 (2012).

69. M. Xue, W. D'Souza, G. Lasio, P. Klahr, and W. Lu, "TU-C-213CD-05: 4D-CT Simulation Using Individually Optimized Contrast Enhancement (CE): A Phantom Study," Med Phys. 39, 3903 (2012).

70. H. Zhang, T. Diwanji, N. Mistry, W. Lu, and W. D'Souza, "TU-E-BRA-10: Personalized Utility Function for Radiotherapy Based on Pulmonary Ventilation of Locally Advanced Lung Cancer Patients," Med Phys. 39, 3913 (2012).

71. H. Zhang, S. Tan, W. Chen, S. Kligerman, G. Kim, W. DSouza, M. Suntharalingam, and W. Lu, "WE-C-BRA-01: Best in Physics (Joint Imaging-Therapy) - Modeling Pathologic Response of Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer to Chemoradiotherapy Using Spatial-Temporal FDG-PET Features, Clinical Parameters and Demographics," Med Phys. 39, 3946 (2012).

72. H. Zhang, S. Tan, W. Chen, S. Kligerman, G. Kim, W. DSouza, M. Suntharalingam, and W. Lu, “Tumor response models in predicting pathologic response of esophageal cancer to neoadjuvent chemoradiotherapy using spatial-temporal FDG-PET features.,” Society of Nuclear Medicine Annual Meeting, (2012).

73. A. Kazi, T. MacVittie, G. Lasio, W. Lu, and K. Prado, "The MCART radiation physics core: the mission for radiation dosimetry standardization," Radiation Research Society. (2013).

74. M. Guerrero, S. Tan, and W. Lu, "TH-A-WAB-08: Radiobiological Modeling of Tumor Control Probability Using FDG PET Imaging Results Combined with Tumor Volume," Med Phys. 40, 000521 (2013).

75. W. Lu and S. Tan, "SU-E-J-106: The Correct Formula to Calculate Volume Overlap," Med Phys. 40, 000175 (2013).

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Wei Lu, Ph.D.

76. K. Mooney, G. Lasio, W. Lu, S. J. Feigenberg, W. F. Regine, and W. D. D'Souza, "An Approximate Entropy-Based Method for Prediction of 4D-CT Quality From Respiratory Signals," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 87, S686-S687 (2013).

77. S. Tan and W. Lu, "TH-C-WAB-05: Blind Functional Volume Segmentation in PET," Med Phys. 40, 000537 (2013).

78. J. Wang, L. Li, W. Lu, and S. Tan, "SU-E-J-115: A Comparison of Methods for Functional Volume Delineation in PET: Simple Vs. Advanced Ones," Med Phys. 40, 000177 (2013).

79. P. Wang, J. Sun, C. Yang, W. Xu, Y. Feng, and W. Lu, "Comparative Study of Tumor Heterogeneity Modeling in [18F]FDG PET Images," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 87, S697-S698 (2013).

80. M. Xue, S. Tan, A. Reese, B. Yi, W. D'Souza, S. Feigenberg, and W. Lu, "SU-E-J-10: Inter-Fractional Tumor Motion Analysis Using 4D-CT and CBCT," Med Phys. 40, 000151 (2013).

81. M. Xue, H. Zhang, S. Kligerman, W. D'Souza, P. Klahr, and W. Lu, "WE-C-103-12: Individually Optimized Contrast Injection in CT Angiography for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease," Med Phys. 40, 000483 (2013).

82. B. Yi, W. Lu, S. Lee, E. Hu, C. Yu, and G. Lasio, "SU-D-WAB-06: Sources of Motion Artifacts in 4DCT Reconstruction," Med Phys. 40, 000108 (2013).

Conference Proceedings

1. W. Lu and J. Tan, “Wood Grain Pattern Characterization and Classification.,” ASAE Meeting,

Paper No. 983045. (1998). 2. W. Lu and J. Tan, “Segmentation of ultrasound fetal images,” Biological Quality and

Precision Agriculture II, Nov 6-8 2000, 4203, 81-90. Boston, MA, (2000). 3. S. Kupongsak, J. Tan, B. D. Guthrie, M. Tanoff, I. Hatem, and W. Lu, “Set Point

Determination from Sensory Data for Food Process Control,” ASAE Meeting, Paper No. 016135. (2001).

4. W. Lu and J. Tan, “Object Identification for Real-time Machine Vision Applications,” ASAE Meeting, Paper No. 023101. (2002).

5. G. Christensen, J. H. Song, I. M. El Naqa, W. Lu, and D. A. Low, “Tracking Lung Motion: Correlating Inverse Consistent Image Registration and Spirometry,” Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, Seoul, Korea, (2004).

6. M. El Naqa, D. A. Low, G. Christensen, P. J. Parikh, J. H. Song, M. M. Nystrom, W. Lu, J. O. Deasy, J. P. Hubenschmidt, S. H. Wahab, S. Mutic, A. K. Singh, and J. D. Bradley, “Automated 4-D lung computed tomography reconstruction during free breathing for conformal radiation therapy,” Medical Imaging 2004: Physiology, Function, and Structure from Medical Images, Feb 15-17 2004, 5369, 100-106. San Diego, CA, United States, (2004).

7. M. El Naqa, D. A. Low, M. M. Nystrom, P. J. Parikh, W. Lu, J. O. Deasy, A. Amini, J. P. Hubenschmidt, and S. H. Wahab, “An optical flow approach for automated breathing motion tracking in 4D computed tomography,” Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, Seoul, Korea, (2004).

8. D. A. Low, P. J. Parikh, I. M. ElNaqa, M. M. Nystrom, W. Lu, J. P. Hubenschmidt, S. H. Wahab, S. Mutic, A. K. Singh, G. Christensen, and J. D. Bradley, “Quantitative 4-D CT

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using a multislice CT scanner,” Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, 57-61. Seoul, Korea, (2004).

9. W. Lu, J. Tan, and R. C. Floyd, “Fetal head detection and measurement in ultrasound images by an iterative randomized hough transform,” Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Medical Imaging 2004: Imaging Processing, Feb 16-19 2004, 5370 I, 557-565. San Diego, CA, United States, (2004).

10. S. H. Wahab, P. J. Parikh, M. M. Nystrom, I. M. ElNaqa, J. P. Hubenschmidt, B. Pierburg, W. Lu, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, “Treatment planning using four dimensional computed tomography,” Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, Seoul, Korea, (2004).

11. T. Frenzel, R. Werner, D. Saering, J. Ehrhardt, L. Wie, D. Low, and H. Handels, “Reconstruction of 4D-CT datasets from 3D data segments acquired during free breathing.,” 14th Int. Conf. on Medical Physics, Nuremberg, Germany, (2005).

12. W. Lu, J. Tan, and R. C. Floyd, “Fetal head detection and measurement in ultrasound images by a direct inverse randomized hough transform,” Medical Imaging 2005 - Image Processing, Feb 13-17 2005, 5747, 715-722. San Diego, CA, United States, (2005).

13. J. Ehrhardt, R. Werner, T. Frenzel, D. Saring, W. Lu, D. Low, and H. Handels, “Reconstruction of 4D-CT data sets acquired during free breathing for the analysis of respiratory motion,” Medical Imaging 2006: Image Processing, 6144, 614414-614418. San Diego, CA, USA, (2006).

14. H. Handels, R. Werner, T. Frenzel, D. Saering, W. Lu, D. Low, and J. Ehrhardt, “Improved Reconstruction of 4D MSCT Image Data and Motion Analysis of Lung Tumors Using Non-linear Registration Methods,” World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Seoul, Korea, (2006).

15. H. Handels, R. Werner, T. Frenzel, D. Saering, W. Lu, D. Low, and J. Ehrhardt, “Generation of 4D CT Image Data and Analysis of Lung Tumour Mobility during the Breathing Cycle,” Medical Informatics Europe, MIE, Maastricht, Netherlands, (2006).

16. W. Lu, J. H. Song, G. E. Christensen, P. J. Parikh, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, “Modeling lung motion using consistent image registration in 4D computed tomography for radiation therapy,” Medical Imaging 2006: Image Processing, 6144, 61442L-61448. San Diego, CA, USA, (2006).

17. E. Jan, W. Rene, F. Thorsten, L. Wei, L. Daniel, and H. Heinz, “Analysis of free breathing motion using artifact reduced 4D CT image data,” SPIE Medical Imaging 2007: Image Processing, 6512, 65121N. (2007).

18. K. M. Lechleiter, D. A. Low, A. Chaudhari, W. Lu, J. P. Hubenschmidt, M. L. Mayse, S. C. Dimmer, J. D. Bradley, and P. J. Parikh, “A comparison of lung motion measured using implanted electromagnetic transponders and motion algorithmically predicted using external surrogates as an alternative to respiratory correlated CT imaging,” SPIE Medical Imaging 2007: Physiology, Function, and Structure from Medical Images, 6511, 65111P. (2007).

19. A Hope, M Georg, J Cannon, J Hubenschmidt, W. Lu, D Low, R Pless, Applications of manifold learning techniques in 4D-CT reconstruction, XVth International Conference on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, 2007.

20. H Li, W Thorstad, K Biehl, R Laforest, Y Su, K Shoghi, E Donnelly, D Low, W. Lu, A PET Head and Neck Tumor Delineation Approach based on Adaptive Region-Growing and Dual-front Active Contours, XVth International Conference on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, 2007.

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21. D Yang, W. Lu, D Low, J Deasy, A Hope, I El Naqa, 4D-CT reconstruction by using optical flow motion estimation, XVth International Conference on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, 2007.

22. E Donnelly, P Parikh, W. Lu, T Zhao, K Leichleiter, J Hubenschmidt, M Nystrom, D Low, J Bradley, Are maximum intensity reconstructions adequate for representing lymph node volumes in four-dimensional radiotherapy planning? XVth International Conference on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, 2007.

23. R. Werner, J. Ehrhardt, T. Frenzel, W. Lu, D. Low, and H. Handels, “Analysis of Tumor-influenced Respiratory Dynamics using Motion Artifact Reduced Thoracic 4D CT Images,” Advances in Medical Engineering, 181-186. (2007).

24. E. Jan, W. Rene, F. Thorsten, Wei, L. (W. Lu), D. Low, and H. Heinz, “Analysis of free breathing motion using artifact reduced 4D CT image data,” SPIE Medical Imaging 2007: Image Processing, 6512, 65121N. San Diego, CA, United States, (2007).

25. K. Malinowski, C. Noel, W. Lu, K. Lechleiter, J. Hubenschmidt, D. Low, and P. Parikh, “Development of the 4D Phantom for patient-specific, end-to-end radiation therapy QA,” SPIE Medical Imaging 2007: Physics of Medical Imaging, 6510, 65100E. San Diego, CA, United States, (2007).

26. K. M. Lechleiter, D. A. Low, A. Chaudhari, W. Lu, J. P. Hubenschmidt, M. L. Mayse, S. C. Dimmer, J. D. Bradley, and P. J. Parikh, “A comparison of lung motion measured using implanted electromagnetic transponders and motion algorithmically predicted using external surrogates as an alternative to respiratory correlated CT imaging,” SPIE Medical Imaging 2007: Physiology, Function, and Structure from Medical Images, 6511, 65111P. San Diego, CA, United States, (2007).

27. R. Werner, H. Handels, B. White, W. Lu, and D. Low. Virtual Spirometry: Utilizing an abdominal bellows system for quantitatively gating in 4D CT acquisition” (EDAS-paper-ID: 1569210186). 11th World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7-12, 2009 in Munich, Germany

28. S. Tan, W. Lu, H. Zhang, S. Kligerman, W. Chen, M. Lu, G. Kim, S. Feigenberg, W. D. D'Souza, and M. Suntharalingam, "Predicting Pathological Response of Esophageal Cancer to Neoadjuvent Chemo-Radiotherapy with 18F FDG Uptake Spatial-Temporal Pattern Characterized by Histogram Distances," in 2012 World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Beijing, May 26 to 31,2012.

Other Presentations 1. W. Lu and J. Tan. “Occluded Curve Detection in Noisy Images: the Iterative Randomized

Hough Transform (IRHT) and Application for Medical Ultrasound Fetal Head Images”. Poster presented at Life Science Week, University of Missouri - Columbia. Also online at http://lifesciencesweek.missouri.edu/uploads/finalposter/UMICGAV.pdf First Honorable Mention in Poster Competition based on scientific merit at Missouri Life Science Week, Columbia, MO, 2003

2. W. Lu, J. Tan and B. Lei. “Automated Size Measurement for Pupillary Light Reflex Analysis of Mice”. BMES Annual Meeting. 8.2.1. Landover, MD: BMES, 2003

3. W. Lu, P. Parikh, J. Hubenschmidt, M. Nystrom, G. Christensen, J. Song, J. Bradley, and D. Low, "PO-Topic I-3 A 4D CT Process Using Respiratory Amplitude Sorting and Consistent

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Image Registration," 2006 Biomedical Imaging Research Opportunities Workshop (BIROW), Bethesda, MD, 2004

4. T. Frenzel, R. Werner, D. Saering, J. Ehrhardt, W. Lu, D. Low, and H. Handels, “Reconstruction of 4D-CT datasets from 3D data segments acquired during free breathing.,” 14th Int. Conf. on Medical Physics, Nuremberg, Germany, 2005

5. M. Georg, J. J. Cannon, A. J. Hope, W. Lu, D. A. Low, R. B. Pless, “Automating 4D CT Reconstruction Using Manifold Learning,” American Radium Society Conference, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2007

6. D. A. Miller, J. Garcia-Ramirez, J. Zhu, W. Lu, J. Michalski, “Comparison of MRI-Based Treatment Planning with Transrectal Ultrasound for LDR Brachytherapy in Prostate Cancer”, World Congress of Brachytherapy, Boston, MA., 2008

7. J. Hoefert, D. Ma, T. Voller, J. Wen, F. Yang, P. Parikh, and W. Lu, “Comparison of gross tumor volumes as measured by micro FDG-PET/CT to pathologic tumor volumes in a mouse model”, 2010 Annual Meeting of American Radium Society Cancun, Mexico, 2010

8. W. Lu, D. Ma, J. Hoefert, J. Wen, R Laforest, T. Voller, F. Yang, and P. Parikh. “Development of a Tissue Slicing-Imaging System for Correlating 3D Pathology Tumor Volume to in Vivo Imaging Studies in a Mouse Model: Initial Results”. Imaging for Treatment Assessment in Radiation Therapy, Bethesda, MD, 2010

9. D. Yang, W. Lu, J. Esthappan, and D. Mansur. “Use of Pre-Surgery MRI Images for Post-Surgery Brain Tumor Target Delineation Using Multiple-Intensity Deformable Image Registration”. Imaging for Treatment Assessment in Radiation Therapy, Bethesda, MD, 2010

Major Invited Speeches Local 1. W. Lu, Management of breathing motion in radiation therapy, Invited presentation at AAPM

Missouri River Chapter 2004 Fall Meeting, 2004 2. W. Lu, 4D Deformable modeling, Invited presentation at AAPM Missouri River Chapter 2006

Spring Meeting, 2006 3. W. Lu, Tumor segmentation in multi-modality images, Invited presentation at AAPM Missouri

River Chapter 2009 Fall Meeting, 2009 National 1. W. Lu, Tumor segmentation in PET and in multimodality images for radiation therapy in

automated segmentation for radiotherapy volume definition, invited talk at AAPM 2009 annual meeting, 2009

2. W. Lu, PET-CT for evaluation of tumor response, invited talk at Computer Science Department, University of Missouri-Columbia, 2011